Wildlife & Environmental Society of Malawi WESM Lilongwe Branch Newsletter 2012 June In this Issue 1 Branch Progress & Plans - Upcoming Activities 2 Join the Online Discussions About WESM & LL Contacts 3 Recent Member Activities & - Vulture Count Results 4 - Bua River Weekend 5 Highlighted Discussion - Kayelekera Uranium mine 6 Sustainable Energy - Mayi Bawo Basket cooker - Improved Cookstoves 7 Branch Activities - World Environment Week 8 Kasungu National Park - Support to anti-poaching - WESM Member Offers

Have you been an active member? WESM thrives on members like you getting involved. Monthly Discussion Meetings: If you have not had the chance to come to one of our discussions in recent months, give it a try. Maybe you have a topic you would like to be covered; let us know and we will try and arrange it. Maybe you could facilitate a discussion on a topic you are keen about; let us know and we can help you make it happen. Maybe you would like to come to the talks but the time is not convenient; again let us know! In any event, if you have missed some talks you can read about them here. Volunteer: Maybe you could share your skills, knowledge and/or energy. Are you knowledgeable in some aspect of wildlife and the environment? Or some aspect of management? Or would you like to just help on some of WESM’s activities? WESM’s work is done mostly by volunteers, people like YOU!

WESM elsewhere in Malawi: WESM has recently signed an agreement with the World Bank to support the Department of National Parks and Wildlife (DNPW) with the improvement of Nkhotakota Wildlife Reserve, in conjunction with the Dwangwa WESM branch. This is only a three-year project and funding is not large, but WESM hopes to be able to use the funds and the limited time to help DNPW to make a good start on the road to better management practices, e.g. antipoaching, as well as carry out a biodiversity survey. – Nick Hall, WESM LL Chair Time

Upcoming Activities: Activities:

Mo.

Dates

Venue

July

28

10 am

LNS

11

10 am

LNS

25-26

w-end

Ntchisi

tba

tba

tba

22

Sunday

Kumbali


Discussion with Mike Whiteman on the Kulera Biodiversity Project.
Get out & Embrace the Environment! An Environment Fun Day organized by WESM LL at

tba

w-end

Kasungu


Mammal Count in Kasungu National Park

Aug

Sep


Discussion with Mike Labuschagne on Poaching and Liwonde NPs Rhino Project
Discussion with Prof John Wibberley on Treasuring trees - encompassing spiritual and cultural significance of trees and their current productive and protective livelihood roles in ecosystems


Environment Weekend at Ntchisi Forest Lodge (20% discount for card-carrying WESM members)

Kumbali Cultural Village. Gear up for a day of events, stalls, food and fun to be had by all.

Day & Time for the Monthly Discussions: Several people have asked us to hold discussions on weekday evenings and we plan on varying the day and time to try to accommodate more people. We also work with the speaker for what time suits them, and the talks in July and August were best on Saturday – but we’ve heard you, and we’re aiming to please! Border Art by the late Anne Hyatt, a long time WESM LL member

Join the online Discussion! You are receiving WESM’s occasional emails. If you want to part of a more active email or Facebook forum on environmental matters, then you can join any of the discussion fora listed below. If you prefer less frequent communications, our branch newsletters will give you pointers to what is happening elsewhere. WESM Malawi: WESM branches are trying to do more together as ‘One WESM’. The following discussion sites are being developed and are functioning now with a few members. It would be great if all branches had a few active members so that we can keep up with environmental issues nationwide. • Discussion List, send e-mail to: [email protected] • Facebook discussion page, visit: http://www.facebook.com/groups/302760476458071/ • Website: http://www.wildlifemalawi.org/ - under construction but several pages are built and beautiful! WESM Lilongwe branch: • Mailing list (not for discussion), send e-mail to: [email protected]. The branch uses this yahoo group to send members and partners this newsletter and other timely notices. There are only a few e-mails a month – it is not a discussion forum. Please join if you want branch updates. • Facebook discussion Page, visit: http://www.facebook.com/wesm.lilongwe Other: • Malawi Birding discussion list [email protected]. As the title implies this is focused on birds. There are a few members in the region, but primarily it is focused on Malawi. • Permaculture Malawi discussion list [email protected]. Permaculture is an environmental design system for human habitats. It aims to care for the earth while caring for people. • Malawi Environment Forum [email protected]. This forum has been very active recently and has had several interesting discussion threads.

About WESM To Join: Vision: Mission: WESM:

Contact the Branch Manager, complete a registration form, pay the annual membership fee and get involved! For all people in Malawi to co-exist in harmony with their natural environment. To promote full public participation in the wise management of wildlife, natural resources and the environment in Malawi. Is a membership, not-for-profit, non-governmental organisation registered in 1947 as Nyasaland Flora & Fauna Foundation. It now has 9 branches and an estimated 3,000 wildlife clubs in schools, churches, colleges and communities. - WESM Lilongwe branch was established in 1975 and covers 7 central region districts. Since 2001, there have been 600 wildlife clubs registered (with about 400 currently active) and a membership of over 150 individuals, families and corporations. Members promote and advocate for effective policies; develop relationships with relevant stakeholders; and support projects that address environmental degradation and encourage sustainable management of natural resources. -

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Lilongwe Nature Sanctuary, City Centre * www.wildlifemalawi.org * 01-771-269 * [email protected] Wildlife Society of Malawi, National Bank of Malawi, Capital City Branch, Account No: 1422189, Swift Code: NBMAMWMW 007 1. Chair

Nick Hall

[email protected]

0888-839-804

2. Vice Chair / Branch Manager

Vincent Kaitano

[email protected]

0995-509-798, 0884-504-253

3.

Environmental Education Coordinator

Elesani Zakochera

[email protected]

0999-464-668

4.

Finances

Titani ‘’Chancy’’ Kanyondo

[email protected]

0888-118-789, 0999-118-789

5.

Activities

Lizanne Roxburgh

[email protected]

0993-434-274

6.

Communication

Stacia Nordin

[email protected]

0999-333-073

7.

Subcommittee members:

Riikka H (Talks), Charlotte Walford (activities), and YOU! Contact any of us to get involved!

Please share with WESM members through this newsletter! Send to WESM Communications Volunteer: Stacia Nordin [email protected] Contributions are due the first week of: March - June - September - December, for release the same month

June 2012

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National Vulture Count Results –by Lizanne Roxburgh A big THANK-YOU to all the people from all over Malawi who participated in the National Vulture Count on the Kamuzu day weekend! At least 17 people participated, plus groups from WESM-Blantyre and WESM-Lilongwe who were visiting Mwabvi and Nkhotakota Wildife Reserves, respectively. The aim of the count was to gather data on sites where the vultures still occur in Malawi, since their populations are declining in Malawi and globally. Palm-nut vultures were the most widely seen vultures, occurring in 10 different sites (see the table below for a summary). Palm-nut vultures Palm-nut vulture bathing, northern Lake Shore. Ed Peeters have a different diet to other species of vultures, as they eat mostly palm fruits, and various small animals and carrion. In fact, the species should probably be treated differently from other vulture species, as it is thought to be closely related to fish eagles, and the alternative name for palm-nut vulture is vulturine fish-eagle. White-backed vultures were the most numerous vulture seen during the Vulture Count weekend, and 43 were seen, but in only two protected areas: Lengwe and Majete Wildlife Reserves. Overall, the most vultures and the greatest diversity of vultures were seen in Majete Wildlife Reserve: 3 species and 34 individuals in total. No hooded or white-headed vultures were seen over the weekend in any of the sites. No vultures at all were seen in two national parks: Kasungu and Mwabvi Wildlife Reserve. Sadly, we had no participants from Nyika National Park or Vwaza Marsh Wildlife Reserve. But at least in Nyika, vultures are still regularly reported, whereas vultures are rarely reported from Vwaza Marsh. At least 3 people who visited over the course of the past 10 years report not seeing any vultures. Only 3 palm-nut vultures, and no other vulture species, were seen in Liwonde National Park, where sadly poisoning and poaching appear to have wiped out vultures. No vultures, apart from Palm-nut, were seen in Nkhotakota Wildlife Reserve. During the WESM weekend at Bua River Lodge (see the next article), we drove through the reserve to the base of Chipata Mountain, where I spent several hours intensively watching the skies above the reserve for raptors. While scanning with a spotting scope, I saw augur buzzard, black-breasted snake eagle, martial eagle and Ayre’s hawk eagle, so the site was well placed to see aerial raptors. However, there was no sign of any vultures. John Dickenson and John Volker, who have both lived in the Wildlife Reserve for at least 5 years, in different sites, have not seen any vultures there either (excluding palm nuts, which are regular). A more careful analysis of the data will be done and presented at the Pan-African Ornithological Congress which is being held in Tanzania in October. Data from any incidental sightings will be included, so please keep sending in any information on vulture sightings to [email protected] Summary of Results of the National Vulture Count Vulture Species Number seen Sites Nest Palm-Nut Vulture 13 10 2 (1 unoccupied) White-backed Vulture 43 2 (Lengwe and Majete) 1 (Lengwe NP) Lappet-faced Vulture 2 1 (Majete WR) Hooded Vulture 0 White-headed Vulture 0 -

June 2012

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Bua River Birding Weekend 12-14 May at Bua River Lodge, Nkhotakota Wildlife Reserve by Lizanne Roxburgh It’s always a pleasure to enter Nkhotakota Wildlife Reserve – tall mature miombo trees in every direction you look. We arrived with a full car late on Friday evening and drove the short distance from the gate to Bua River Lodge, which is beautifully located, as the Trees, trees and more trees at Bua River name suggests, on the banks of the Bua River. Just in time for dinner, we met up with John Dickinson, manager and owner of the lodge, in the stunning open dining area, and then proceeded to fall into bed after our tiring dusk drive down from Lilongwe. Samuel Chihana, who had joined us from Liwonde, had left his home at 3 am, and was more than ready for sleep. On Saturday morning, we took an early walk along the river. There was plenty of fresh elephant dung around, but the elephants had moved off – they must have heard there was a WESM crowd coming and decided to keep a low profile! We mostly concentrated on the birds: Purple-crested turacos bounded ahead of us in the trees, the red flashes on their wings and their throaty calls giving them away. A lovely Black Sparrowhawk very obligingly gave us excellent views, as we picked our way along a small stream looking for the elusive finfoot. It remained elusive, but there were plenty of other things to keep us busy, including some huge crocodiles in the river. Several pairs of orange and green Boehm’s bee-eaters were seen in the riverine vegetation, one of Malawi’s special birds, and just about the most northerly place in Malawi where you can see them. In the afternoon, we had a short walk through the Miombo woodland and then wandered downstream along the banks of the Bua River. We were surprised to see an Osprey flying over, and then a few hundred meters further downstream a fishing poacher was rather surprised to see us and beat a hasty retreat. This is the time of year that the lake salmon or Mpasa swim upstream to breed, and is a good time of year for fishing. Sadly, numbers of this special Malawian endemic fish have declined due to overfishing and poaching. Sunset on the banks of the Bua River is always a worthwhile experience, especially with a Malawi G&T in hand. On Sunday a few of us hardcore birders left the others to enjoy the peace and quiet of the wilderness and headed to the molasses settling ponds in Dwangwa. It took us a while to get there, with some diversions to the dam on Dwangwa Estate, where we were pleased to see a Marsh Tchagra and Osprey some lesser jacanas, amongst other things. Samuel was very pleased to see th a zebra waxbill here, to add as the 500 bird species on his life list. The settling ponds were worth a visit, but were very hot and smelly, and I think my car will forever more smell of rotting molasses. We saw a number of interesting birds however, including collared pratincoles, spur-winged plovers, glossy ibis, and blackwinged stilts. Back at Bua, we relished the shade and the trees before an afternoon stroll along the river again. Our destination on Sunday was Chipata Mountain, which has a tiny patch of rain forest on the slopes of the tallest mountain in the park. Reluctantly we were sent off with a packed lunch from John – this is a beautiful lodge, one of our favourites in Malawi and well worth a visit, we were sad to leave. We drove through the park to get to Chipata Mountain, along the road towards Kasungu (M14). Sadly no animals were seen, just a lovely cuckoo hawk. We parked at the base of the mountain and had our lunch. The rest of the team headed up with the mountain but I stayed at the bottom to look after Carla, as the climb was too steep to do with a toddler. While the others enjoyed spectacular views from the top, I spent my time scanning the skies for vultures and raptors, as the park stretches out as green carpet in front of you here. No vultures in sight unfortunately – although it was the ideal time of day to see vultures and other raptors soaring on the hot rising thermals. I did see several other large raptors, including augur buzzard, Martial eagle, Ayre’s hawk eagle, black-breasted snake eagle, and a pair of inquisitive white-necked ravens. June 2012

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Highlighted Monthly Discussion Management of environmental risks at Kayelekera uranium mine - by Celia Swann Kayelekera Mine is owned 100% by Paladin (Africa) Limited (PAL), a subsidiary of Paladin Energy Ltd, an Australian company. PAL’s has one other mine, in Niger. Kayelekera mine has a lifespan of eight years at the rate of 3.3M lb uranium oxide per annum with potential for a further 1.1M lb per annum for another four years. The mine processes 1.5M t of sandstone and associated ores each year to produce a saleable product, by grinding, acid leaching, resin-in-pulp extraction, elution, precipitation and drying. This product is a powder known as ‘yellowcake’ and is used in the preparation of uranium fuel for nuclear reactors. The yellowcake from Malawi is containerized and transported via Zambia to Namibia, from where it is shipped primarily to Canada, for use in nuclear power stations.

Paladin (Africa) Ltd (PAL) came to talk to WESM some five years ago, just after they had conducted their Environmental Impact Assessment at Kayelekera. Upon accepting this EIA, the Government of Malawi signed a Development Agreement with Paladin. Construction commenced and two years later, in 2009, Paladin issued 15% of equity in PAL to the Government of Malawi under the terms of that Development Agreement. Extraction (open cast mining with blasting) and production began, opening the ‘wound’ on the landscape photographed above. The mine has contributed about 10% to national GDP in the last few years. Bruce Ryan, Paladin’s Environmental Manager, has 20 years’ experience in environmental radiation working for regulatory bodies and research organisations. He began with a video that is shown to visitors, describing a wide range of safety precautions. He went on to give an extensive account of studies and tests (done locally and in RSA) that are a constant feature of the mining operation. Rivers and other water sources are regularly tested for traces of contamination. The fact that the mine was not affected by the earthquake that struck Karonga a year after it started Resources on Uranium in Malawi blasting is attributed to the high standards of construction Uranium mine Environmental Impact Assessment: and engineering that we were told characterise Paladin’s https://www.dropbox.com/sh/8zr2orzc7ldndch/WQiRIDI0dJ operations globally. Uranium mines are not usually located Yellowcake Rising: https://vimeo.com/7494979 in areas of high rainfall. Accidents are very few; however, www.NomoGaia.com www.paladinenergy.com two workers drowned in a flash flood. Bruce handed over to Greg Walker, a director of Paladin (Africa). Greg is partly responsible for Paladin’s social programmes (rehabilitation of local school with employment of teachers, the Karonga water project, support to Karonga District Hospital, etc). In the long and deep discussion that followed, Greg revealed that, due to many factors, Paladin have yet to make a profit from the mine. The operation has faced many difficulties, such as the drop in world uranium prices after Fukushima, the difficulty of acquiring forex in Malawi, opposition from Malawi civil society and pressure on Government to renegotiate the Development Agreement. Furthermore, ESCOM cannot provide electricity and so diesel for huge generators is imported at great cost, both financial and environmental. Greg and Bruce expressed disappointment that neither civil society nor government has been active in overseeing the environmental impact of the mine, and so no there are no independent reports that confirm Paladin’s view that there is no threat to rivers downstream and the lake beyond. The Paladin representatives stressed that the company record is very high in such procedures as burying hazardous waste, and incinerating other waste products. They are responsible for rehabilitating the environment when mining ends. The impact of radiation on health is a very long story. Mine workers are monitored continually for the levels of radiation they receive. There is no baseline data on the health status of the local population before mining began, when they were living in an environment with natural radiation. It will be many years before any trends in cancers will be traceable. Two Malawian doctors have received training at Paladin’s expense in the health risks posed by high doses of radiation, but they have since been stationed elsewhere in Malawi. It seems that Paladin would like to pursue their activities in Malawi for some years to come, despite their frustration at ‘doing business’ within Malawi. They are drilling for further uranium sources west and south of the current mining area, and around Chilumba. This talk gave an audience of about 50 including a dozen students from Bunda College the chance to think long and hard about a critically important environmental topic.

June 2012

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Sustainable Energy Mayi Bawo By Elesani C. Zakochera & Stacia Nordin Mayi Bawo (or Basket cooker/cooler) works by holding the temperature of an item, so you have to initially make the food the temperature that you want to keep it. The basic idea is to put the item to cool or heat into an insulated basket or box. The name Mayi Bawo is derived from the fact that Mayi is a woman who is busy in the kitchen preparing meals for the household. She spends most of her time in the kitchen. Bawo is a game that is played by men and women and a lot of time is spent on playing Bawo. Sometimes, players forget that they have some work to do. By using Mayi Bawo for cooking foods, Mayi is able to cook foods and have time to do other work. Many different foods can be cooked by using Mayi Bawo: beans, nuts, vegetables, meats, fish, eggs, potato, cassava, pumpkin, rice, millet, maize, sorghum, etc. Mayi Bawo keeps food warm for 6 to 8 hours before getting cold.

Theresa Phiri with her home-made Basket Cooker “Mayi Bawo”

Mayi Bawo has been tested several times. In 1995, an experiment was conducted on how effective and efficient Mayi Bawo was in cooking foods. A group of 10 women used Mayi Bawo for cooking and another 10 women used only firewood. Both teams were allowed to go to collect firewood from the forest of Lake Malawi National Park at a cost of K20.00 per bundle.

The results were that women using Mayi Bawo spent less on firewood than the women using only firewood. Also, frequency of visiting the park to collect firewood by the women who were using Mayi Bawo was less than the frequency of the women who were using firewood direct for cooking their foods. The ratio in both frequency in firewood collection and monetary expenditure was 1:3. Mayi Bawo can make a huge difference in conserving fuel, our environment, money and time. Making Mayi Bawo is simple and easy to learn. For the basket cooker shown in this picture: 1) Use a dengu (woven basket, or other container) and line it with clean, dry material that will provide insulation – this could be dried banana leaves, clean paper for recycling, dried grass, or scraps of cloth. Leave a space in the middle of the dry material for the pot or other item to sit. You can adjust the hole for different pots.. 2) Make an insulated cover, again using dry material. You can use an old sack, cloth, or anything that will hold the dry material. The cover will be tucked into the inside edges of the basket to trap as much heat/or cold as possible. 3) To use the basket for cooking, put your food on the stove until it is slightly cooked. Remove the pot of food from the stove and quickly put it in the insulated basket and put the insulated cover on. Different foods need different amounts of time. For whole grains (rice, sorghum, maize), boil on the stove for 2-4 minutes then keep it in the basket 45 minutes. For beans, soak them overnight first, then cook them for about 15 minutes and keep it in the basket 3 hours. That’s it! As with all new technologies you will need just a little practice and you are set!

Chitetezo Mbaula

Get your stove today from:
Alfred Chisale, 0999-124-042, Area 44, Kauma
Isaac Salima, 0995-671-165, Area 36

In May, Cristel Cheong [email protected] & Alfred Chisale [email protected] discussed with us: “Improved Cookstoves: Reducing Forest Degradation & Indoor Air Pollution in Malawi”. We learned that the effects of burning biomass are causing a LOT of health & environmental problems. They had a lot of facts and figures in their presentation that we will share with WESM members. Using improved cookstoves & kitchen designs is better for our health and our environment. June 2012

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Branch Activities WESM joins partners in celebrating World Environment Week by Mayamiko Minofu

Commemorated every year on 5th June, this year’s World Environmental Day was celebrated under a theme:

“Green Economy, does it include you?” WESM Lilongwe branch was involved in three events of this day which were organized by three different organizations. The first was the national event which was held at Kalambo Primary School in Area 25 and was organized by the Environmental Affairs Department (EAD) with support from United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). The occasion was graced by the Minister of Environment and Climate change, Mrs. Gotani Hara. WESM, among many organizations which showcased their activities and products in line with the theme, displayed Mai Bawo which is a heat conservation appliance and is used for cooking (see the article in this newsletter for a description of Mayi Bawo). The Minister was impressed with it and ordered one to test. She said if convinced with its function, she will promote it so that communities can adopt the technology. In addition to Mai Bawo demonstration, WESM also administered an environmental quiz which involved three schools namely Dzenza Secondary School, Pedro Piyo Private Secondary School and Chimutu Community Day Secondary School. Dzenza was the winner and was awarded books, diaries, Alternative Livelihood Resource Books, modules and a ball. Pedro piyo was the second followed by Chimutu. Both were awarded books, Diaries and modules. All these prizes were donated by EAD, WESM, LL Branch and LL Wildlife Centre. The Minister also gave monetary prizes to all students who participated. The following day, we were at LL Wildlife Centre to mark the environmental week which ran from 6th through 9th June and was graced by the Principal Secretary of Ministry of Environment and Climate Change. Mai Bawo was showcased again plus other environmental education materials such as books and posters. Here, we saw the Dean of Diplomatic Corps who is also the High Commissioner of Zimbabwe, ordering two of the Mai Bawo device. The other event was organized by Four Seasons Nursery and it also lasted for a week. Here, WESM was involved in so many activities of this event. In addition to showcasing Mai bawo and environmental education materials, we participated in a quiz which was held on Wednesday night, 7th June. Out of 8 teams from different organizations, WESM emerged the second winning team and was awarded four Malawian indigenous trees. WESM team members included Nick Hall, Vincent Kaitano, Lizanne Roxburgh, Celia Swann, Mayamiko Minofu and Aubrey Risk Reduction (pictured Thanks to all WESM members Nyekanyeka from Disaster th above). On Saturday, 9 June, the last day of this who patronized & participated environmental week, WESM organized two schools to perform and these were Dzenza and Mlodza primary in these activities. schools. Dzenza performed songs and a debate while Green economy includes us all, Mlodza performed several traditional dances. All their let us promote it. performances were fantastic and mesmerized the audience together with performances by other groups.

June 2012

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AntiAnti-Poaching Support in Kasungu National Park Over the past couple of months DPNW have made 3 arrests and confiscated 5 more muzzle loaders. The support provided by WESM members and friends has helped achieve this. The DPNW says that 'moral has really gone up among the field rangers'. To date we have supported the DPNW with 75,000mk from WESM collected donations and have achieved the following:
12 guns confiscated. This is a mixture of muzzle loaders and shot guns. The pictures show some of guns that were confiscated. These are all marked by parks so that they cannot be recycled.


11 prosecutions have been made for hunting and this includes armed poachers from Zambia.


2 elephant tusks have also been confiscated. This accounts for most of the WESM donations made to date for the initiative. Results on the arrests from the courts have not Every little bit helps, come through yet as there was a magistrates strike please consider a contribution! earlier in the year and several prosecutions have If you are able to help, please bring your contribution been delayed. The results of these should come in to the WESM office at Lilongwe Nature Sanctuary soon and the scouts will need paying. We need (contacts on pg 2) or send contributions directly to: more money to cover this. Other things we would WESM CARNIVORE CONSERVATION like to do to help the scouts is to supply some National Bank, Capital City Branch Savings account number: 1000000155 boots, water proofs, GPS, torches and cheap digital International SWIFT code: NBMAMWMW 007 cameras to help with the unit’s performance. It is To understand this work more closely and what the not cheap to post these from the UK so I would be donations go to support, please visit: looking for someone to cover the postal costs as http://carnivoreconservationmalawi.blogspot.com/ well. We can buy the boots for around £15 per pair in the UK.

Offers for WESM Members only! Ntchisi Forest Lodge: WESM members receive a 20% discount on accommodation at Ntchisi Forest Lodge. Please bring your membership cards along when visiting us. We'll keep you posted of any wildlife activity and plans for our new hiking trails and bird watching platforms. Contact Tom or Petal on: [email protected], [email protected], 0999-971-748, 0999-741-967, 0884-653-835. www.ntchisi.com Luwawa Forest Lodge: 10% discount off accommodation for WESM members with current membership. Do you enjoy Hiking, Mountain Biking, Canoeing, Fishing, Rock Climbing, Abseiling, orienteering, bird watching, or just the peace and beauty of the natural environment. We have it all here at Luwawa Forest Lodge. We also have our have our own generator, our own bore hole, a fresh and healthy mountain environment, beautiful accommodation with lots of activities for all the family, reasonable prices, very good home cooked food with fresh veg, from our permaculture vegetable garden, friendly staff and a well stocked bar. www.luwawaforestlodge.com For bookings ring George or Moi on: 01342333, 0884-395-168, 01991106 or e-mail [email protected].

June 2012

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