VU Academics Research

WiMAX (802.16)

SAEED NASIR Instructor (CS 401) Department of Computer Sciences Virtual University of Pakistan

Academics Research, VU Pakistan

1-

Executive Summary

WiMAX is the most important of the host of wireless standards emerging from the IEEE and 3G bodies. In this report we will discuss the history of WiMAX. In this report we will discuss the Architecture of WiMAX technology how WiMAX technology works. How different standards come in WiMAX. We will compare this with all the other wireless technologies. Where the WiMAX lies in all technologies. From where the idea generated. We will also discuss the different WiMAX Devices and the different Service providers in Pakistan. We will also discuss the benefits as compared to the other wireless technologies and drawback of WiMAX as compared to the other Wireless technologies.

2- Introduction WiMAX Stand for Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave access. Its standard is 802.16 and that standard is given by the IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineer). Actually there are different types of multiplexing technique but the most famous are FDM (Frequency Division Multiplexing) and TDM (Time Division Multiplexing). The WiMAX use both of them name OFDM (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) merger of both. It can provide connectivity speed 70-100 Mbps and can support 1000 of homes in term of speed. WiMAX have different standards. These standards have different in term of frequency spectrum in term of Communications and bandwidth show in Table 1.0

Academics Research, VU Pakistan

Standards

802.16

802.16a

802.16-2004

802.16e-2005

Date

December 2001

January 2003

June 2004

December 2005

Spectrum

10-66 GHz

< 11 GHz

< 11 GHz

< 6 GHz

Operation

LOS

Non-LOS

Non-LOS

Non-LOS

Completed

and Mobile Bit Rate

32-134 Mbps

Up to 75 Mbps

Up to 75 Mbps

Up to 15 Mbps

Cell

1-3 miles

3-5 miles

3-5 miles

1-3 miles

Radius Tab 1.0 WiMAX Standards

3- Objective of Study The Objective of Study of WiMAX is an emerging technology provide lot of research dimensions. 3.1 Emerging Technology 3.2 Biggest Wireless Network 3.3 Inexpensive as compare to other 3.4 One of biggest research Area in Networks

4- Historical Background The idea generate from the disaster which came in USA. A Village was terrestrially disconnected. So in this situation it is very difficult to reach there. So from there an idea generate why not design a technology with the help of which we can connect to that village and provide different types of services to those poor people.

Academics Research, VU Pakistan

Also in Landon a science a technology museum which is geographically very large and they can’t afford network cabling there. Fortunately Intel office is just 10 to 15 km from there and the use the service of WiMAX there. They provide this service to that science and technology museum. A lot of research had done in 1999-2000. But officially the first time it use in December 2001.

5- Brief Explanation of Concepts related 5.1- WiMAX Architecture:

Fig.1.0 WiMAX Architecture

Main role in this architecture is

5.1.1

Mobile Clients

5.1.2

Fix Clients

5.1.3

Base Stations

5.1.4 Mobile Stations 5.1.5

Antennas

Academics Research, VU Pakistan

Two types of communication offer by WiMAX as shown in Figure 1, one is LOS communication and the other is NLOS. Non-LOS, Wi-Fi sort of service, where a small antenna on a computer connects to the tower. Uses lower frequency range (2 to 11 GHz).

LOS, where a fixed antenna points straight at the WiMAX tower from a rooftop or pole. The LOS connection is stronger and more stable, so it is able to send a lot of data with fewer errors. Uses higher frequencies, with ranges reaching a possible 66 GHz. Through stronger LOS antennas, WiMAX transmitting stations would send data to WiMAX enabled computers or routers set up within 30 (3,600 square miles of coverage) mile radius. 5.2- WiMAX Comparison with other Technology:

Fig 1.1 Comparison of WiMAX

Academics Research, VU Pakistan

5.3- Wireless Technologies of Different Ranges The figure 5.3.1 describe the different wireless technologies. PAN have covage area of 10 Meter. WiFi have coverage area of 100 meters. WiMAX has 50 miles covarge area. And 3G spread over the country.

Fig. 2.0 Wireless technologies of Different Ranges

5.3- WiMAX Devices: Basically we have different types of devices used for establishing connection among different PCs in a network in WIMAX.. 5.3.1- Out door device Outdoor device has only one Ethernet port. It offer high speed It offers highperformance wireless link with latest WiMAX IEEE 802.16e Technology. With the high-gain antenna and high output power design extends the wireless boundary for users to access or surf internet without limitation.

Fig. 3.0 WiMAX Out Door Device

Academics Research, VU Pakistan

5.3.2- Indoor device The Indoor devices have normally 1 VOIP port and multiple data ports. The home user mainly uses these kinds of devices. These devices are shown in figure 4.

Fig. 3.1 WiMAX Indoor devices

5.3.3- Mobility Device These are kind of USB devices are use for the Laptop Users mostly. The other name of this device is USB dongle.

Fig 3.2 USB WIMAX Dongle

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5.4- WiMAX Service Provider of Pakistan: 5.4.1

Wateen Telecom

5.4.2

WiTribe

5.4.3

Mobilink

5.4.4

PTCL ( Upcoming )

Wateen was the first Telecommunication Company to introduce the WiMAX in Pakistan even around the world on large commercial scale. Mobilink the 2nd service provider of WiMAX. WiTribe Also start this service in recent year but only limited to the Lahore Karachi and Islamabad.

Academics Research, VU Pakistan

6- References 1.

Najah A. Abu Ali, Abd Elhamid M.Taha and Hossam S.Hassnain “IEEE 802.16 Mesh schedulers Issue and Design Chalanges” IEEE Network January 2008

2.

Xiaojing Meng “An Efficient scheduling for Diverse QoS Requirements in WiMAX” University of Waterloo Xiaojing Meng,2007

3.

Caroline Gabriel “A Research Report ( WiMAX the Critical Wireless Standers )” 2008

4.

“WiMAX Network Architecture”

http://www.wimax360.com/video/wimax-

network-architecture

5.

“Moto WiMAX CPE,s from Asif Iqbal (Pakistan)” http://www.wimax360.com/video/moto-wimax-cpes-from-asif

Academics Research, VU Pakistan

VU Academics Research

technologies and drawback of WiMAX as compared to the other Wireless technologies. .... These are kind of USB devices are use for the Laptop Users mostly.

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