IJRIT International Journal of Research in Information Technology, Volume 3, Issue 4, April 2015, Pg. 401-406

International Journal of Research in Information Technology (IJRIT) www.ijrit.com

ISSN 2001-5569

Video Conference System Using Raspberry Pi Vaibhav A. Vyavahare 1, Kailas U. Aade 2 1 Student, Dept.of E&Tc Engineering, GHRCOEM, Chas, Maharashtra, India. [email protected] 2 Asst. Professor, Dept.of E&Tc Engineering, GHRCOEM, Chas, Maharashtra, India. [email protected]

Abstract Due to the day by day increasing demands of Electronics products in the domain of the industrial & Consumer application, it becomes necessary to come up with new ideas of electronic products. This system is based on Video conferencing without the computers and using simply monitors and a small credit card size system called Raspberry Pi for the live Video & Audio streaming over the wireless local area network. Video Conferencing requires high speed image processing processor & high speed data rate. This complete System depends on the higher processors and with high quality of the graphics cards. This system is the standalone system and it not required any single PC to take or receive the data from camera and headphone/MIC and send to the another user. This system is completely based on the new hardware platform with ARM 11 core. Operating speed of this platform is in 700MHz and it supports live video and audio streaming. As it has onboard Audio codec, it is possible to connect to user by using this system with just accessing the IP address of the another user. This system is portable and easy to use. This system allows peer to peer chatting. This technology will help us to find a way for free video calling. In this paper, the system will be implemented as well as the performance will be tested by doing actual implementation of this system.

Keywords: Raspberry Pi, HDMI Cable, Web- cam, Headphone, Python Script

1. Introduction Video Conferencing is nothing but connect to computers with accessing this system with specific IP address with live video & audio streaming. But this system required high speed data lease line or high speed network with high end processors. By observing this scenario we propose this system based on ARM 11 platform with having operating speed of 700MHz.This system Consist of two Display screen along with ARM 11Hardware Platform with two camera & two headphones. It is possible to access this system with specific IP address. When user wants to talk with another user just connect user machine with another user with specific IP address. It is possible to talk with another user with live video & audio chatting. Video conferencing is the conduct of a videoconference (also known as a video conference or video teleconference) by a set of telecommunication technologies which allow two or more locations to communicate by simultaneous two-way video and audio transmissions. It is an intermediate form of video telephony, first used commercially in Germany during the late-1930s and later in the United States during the early 1970s as part of AT&T's development of Picture phone technology. With the introduction of relatively low cost, high capacity broadband telecommunication services in the late 1990s, coupled with powerful computing processors and video compression techniques, videoconferencing has made significant Vaibhav A. Vyavahare, IJRIT-401

IJRIT International Journal of Research in Information Technology, Volume 3, Issue 4, April 2015, Pg. 401-406

inroads in business, education, medicine and media. Like all long distance communications technologies (such as phone and Internet), by reducing the need to travel, which is often carried out by aero plane, to bring people together the technology also contributes to reductions in carbon emissions, thereby helping to reduce global warming.

2. Structure and Principle All this system based on the Raspberry pi Platform with ARM 11 core. This ARM 11 board does not have in built monitor so we have to used TFT Screen or VGA Monitor. When we want to communicate to other system it required to know first the IP address of the system. When we connect to this system it needs to first send the request to the another user system. By using gstramer-10.0 & gst-launch plug-in it is possible to send & receive the live video & audio streaming. It needs to interface the webcam & Headphone with the system. After that it need to write the python script with use of pipelining of the gstreamers libraries, after this run the python script. This project starts with the installation of LINUX operating system. After that we have to configure LAN setting. Each device will have its own unique IP address. So we need to detect the IP address first and then connect. Next step is to connect the USB camera to the device .After configuring the camera configure WiFi. Create a network ,also we need to create a password in order to secure the network. Install the IP address of Raspberry Pi kit. Then configure the camera port device manager. Install and configure the software named web I/O pi. At last connect to the local host through web I/O pi.

3. Hardware Design 3.1 Raspberry Pi development Board It is the main heart of the system it is used to control all the system. It having ARM 11 Core with BCM Audio-Video Codec used to provide the GPIO’s with having operating frequency 700MHz.

Fig. 1 Block Diagram of Video Conference system

Vaibhav A. Vyavahare, IJRIT-402

IJRIT International Journal of Research in Information Technology, Volume 3, Issue 4, April 2015, Pg. 401-406

3.1.1 Installation of the “Raspbian wheezy” OS on the Raspberry Pi module Raspbian is a Debian-derived free OS optimized for the Raspberry Pi hardware. Raspbian uses a Linux kernel also popular as the Debian GNU/Linux distribution. It comes with over 35,000 packages and precompiled software bundled in a format that is easy for installation on the Raspberry Pi. The “wheezyraspbian.Zip” file can be downloaded from Raspberry Pi‟s official website. To extract the OS image file into the SD memory card. This software is used to write a raw disk image to a removable memory device. It is a freeware and the program for it is open source. It has been proved useful for embedded development as the source code can be branched and modified as per the requirement. After writing to SD card is finished, it is put in the SD card slot of Raspberry Pi and switch it on so that initial booting can start.

3.1.2 Connection of Raspberry Pi to the laptop with a Ethernet cable As Raspberry Pi needs to be used as a headless embedded device here, without monitor attached finding IP address will be a complex task. Again the module has to be prepared by connecting it to a computer system with an Ethernet connection. But first the module has to be configured with a static IP address to avoid finding out dynamic IP address which changes with each new connection. The SD-Card is inserted into a card reader and plugged into a PC. The static IP address configuration is added to the last line of the “cmdline.txt” file of the boot folder in the SD card. For DHCP enabled network settings where the IP address is obtained automatically, an address in the range 169.253.0.0– 169.253.255.255 is used: IP=169.253.0.3. Then the card is inserted back in the Raspberry Pi. The network cable is then connected to both the computer and Raspberry Pi and then the module is power up.

3.1.3 SSH protocol and PuTTY installation After the Ethernet connection is established Raspberry Pi is powered on .Then to reach the module from PC a secured connection is established using SSH (Secured Shell) protocol. The SSH protocol is developed as a secure, encrypted replacement for the non-secure RSH (Remote SHell) protocol. It is used for remote shell access to a UNIX based system with strong security. The need for remote login and control of Raspberry Pi from a remote computer arises when it is used as a headless device (device not requiring a keyboard, mouse and monitor). A remote system with SSH client can login into a device running SSH server. Raspbian OS comes with SSH server pre-installed in it. A SSH client “PuTTY” is installed at the remote PC side. In the Session menu in the PuTTY type in the static IP address defined earlier of the Raspberry Pi and leaves the port at default 22 for SSH to login. During connection it will give a warning the first time it tries to connect and then prompt for the username (“pi”) and password (“raspberry”) of Raspberry Pi.

3.1.4 Configuration of USB microphone The Raspberry Pi does not have a microphone socket, which is inconvenient when you wish to record sound. To fix this you will need a USB Sound Card, for which Microsoft Life Cam HD-3000 USB cam is connected to one of the USB port of Raspberry Pi. To check whether that the computer can see the card, “lsusb” command is used in the Raspberry Pi‟s terminal window.

3.1.5 Starting VNC server on Raspberry Pi during boot A VNC (Virtual Network Connection) client (installed on remote PC) can access VNC server(installed on Raspberry Pi) for directly viewing GUI desktop of Raspberry Pi remotely through a SSH connection. There are a numerous options available for VNC server applications and the one here used is called “tightvnc”. VNC server software can be installed using the SSH connection that has been established earlier using PuTTy.

3.1.6 Graphical User Interface programming For the ease of Recording, storing, playing and streaming voice with Ethernet connection a GUI is programmed using Python language. Python is a widely used general-purpose, high-level programming language. Python is open source . Python is a highly readable language. It is designed to have an simple visual layout with a smaller number of syntactic exceptions and special cases than C/C++.Python has a Vaibhav A. Vyavahare, IJRIT-403

IJRIT International Journal of Research in Information Technology, Volume 3, Issue 4, April 2015, Pg. 401-406

large collection of library or predefined modules for GUI designing, internet connectivity and e-mail, which satisfies all requirements in this project.

3.1.6 Headphone/MIC There is no arrangement for audio input in Raspberry Pi, which is a major requirement for this project for capturing audio, but a USB mic or sound-card or USB CAM could be connected via USB port. We will need 2 headphones and MICs for this project.

3.1.7 SD card The SD card is installed with Raspberry Pi’s operating system "Raspbian wheezy". Here 2 TRANSCEND SD 8GB memory cards are used.

4. Software Design 4.1 Tool Chain Building On the Raspberry Pi Development Board we need to install Raspbean Operating System(O.S). It is possible to connect 8GB SD card having the Image of the OS. After that it needs to install some image processing related libraries for compilation the code. In this system whole code is written in the new language Python. So it need to install first the Python libraries for image processing & GPIO’s. importRPi.GPIO as gpio import time gpio.setmode(gpio.BCM) gpio.setup(25, gpio.OUT) while True: gpio.output(25, gpio.HIGH) time.sleep(1) gpio.output(25, gpio.LOW) time.sleep(1) after this press Ctrl+S& then run it by pressing F5.Then for capturing video streaming it need to write another script. We can run this on command prompt $python test.py For continuous video streaming avconv or ffplay $avconv –f video4linux2 –I /dev/video0 video0.avi $ffplay –f video4linux2 –framerate –video_size 320x240 /dev/vodeo If we want to see output on HDMI the use $omxplayer –o hdmi myvideo.mp4 To show capture image use $fbi cam.jpg If we want to capture the video by using the raspberry pi camera the we can directly used $ raspvid –o video.h264 If want to play the recorded video the it need to install first omxplayer by using following commands $sudo apt-get installomxplayer Then type this commands on the pi consol $ omxplayer video.h264 Shifting from the command line consol to the GUI it need following command $startx If we want to access pi as remote desktop then use $ [email protected]

4.2 Opencv Installation Steps On Raspberry Pi

Vaibhav A. Vyavahare, IJRIT-404

IJRIT International Journal of Research in Information Technology, Volume 3, Issue 4, April 2015, Pg. 401-406

To install Open CV 2.4.2 or 2.4.3 on the Ubuntu 12.04 operating system, first install a developer environment to build Open CV. $sudo apt-get -y install build-essential cmakepkg-conFigure Install Image I/O libraries $sudo apt-get -y install libjpeg62-dev $sudo apt-get -y install libtiff4-dev libjasper-dev Install the GTK dev library $sudo apt-get -y install libgtk2.0-dev Install Video I/O libraries $sudo apt-get -y install libavcodec-devlibavformat-devlibswscale-dev libv4l-dev Optional - install support for Firewire video cameras $sudo apt-get -y install libdc1394-22-dev Optional - install video streaming libraries $sudo apt-get -y install libxine-dev libgstreamer0.10-dev libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-dev Optional - install the Python development environment and the Python Numerical library $sudo apt-get -y install python-dev python-numpy Optional - install the parallel code processing library (the Intel tbb library) $sudo apt-get -y install libtbb-dev Optional - install the Qtdev library $sudo apt-get -y install libqt4-dev Now download OpenCV 2.4 to wherever you want to compile the source. $mkdir xxx $cd xxx $wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/opencvlibrary/files/opencv-unix/2.4.2/Op... or $wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/opencvlibrary/files/opencv-unix/2.4.3/Op... $tar -xvf OpenCV-2.4.*.tar.bz2 Create and build directory and onFigureureOpenCV with cmake. Don't forget the ..part at the end of cmakecmd !! $cd OpenCV-2.4.* $mkdir build $cd build $cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local BUILD_NEW_PYTHON_SUPPORT=ON -D WITH_V4L=ON -D INSTALL_C_EXAMPLES=ON -D INSTALL_PYTHON_EXAMPLES=ON -D BUILD_EXAMPLES=ON -D WITH_QT=ON -D WITH_OPENGL=ON Before this it need to install cmake building toolchain Download any version of the cmake-2.8.12.2.tar.gz $tar xvf cmake-2.8.12.2.tar.gz $cd cmake-2.8.12.2 $./conFigureure - -prefix=/usr Or use ./bootsraper - - prefix=/usr system-libs $make $make install Now go to build directory of the opencvcompile it by $make And finally install OpenCV Vaibhav A. Vyavahare, IJRIT-405

IJRIT International Journal of Research in Information Technology, Volume 3, Issue 4, April 2015, Pg. 401-406

$sudo make install

5. Conclusions This system completely based on the ARM 11 core with Raspberry Pi platform. This Development Board is capable to process the video streaming as fast as other Microcontroller can’t do. Because of the speed of the Raspberry pi it is in the 700 MHz. It fulfils the image processing part using python scripting using Open CV Libraries based on the UBUNTU LINUX as well as on RASBEAN LINUX Kernel Raspberry Pi Development Board Operating System.

References [1] “Real-Time Transmission of Voice over 802.11 Wireless Networks Using Raspberry Pi” International Journal of Engineering Development and Research©2014 IJERD | Volume 2, Issue 1. [2] Matt Richardson, Shawn Wallace, "Getting Started with Raspberry”, Brian Jepson, O'Reilly Media Inc., United States of America, first edition, pp.10-31,December 2012. [3] Available [online]: http: // www. raspberrypi. org /downloads. [4] Available [online]: https:// www. python. org /download/releases/2.7.6 [5]DiptiJavale,BhartiDixit,PankajJavale,“Performance evaluation of wireless transmission using embedded system”, IEEE paper, November 26 ,2009. [6] WenboZhai,JianWang,"An Application of VoIP Communication on Embedded System",International Conference on Computer Application and System Modeling (ICCASM),2010. [7]Daniel Jakubisin,MarshallDavis,CaseyRoberts,Dr. Ivan Howitt,"Real-Time Audio Transceiver Utilizing 802.11b Wireless Technology",IEEE,2007.

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Video Conference System Using Raspberry Pi - IJRIT

the early 1970s as part of AT&T's development of Picture phone technology. With the ... (such as phone and Internet), by reducing the need to travel, which is often carried out by aero plane, to .... There is no arrangement for audio input in Raspberry Pi, which is a major ... Optional - install support for Firewire video cameras.

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