Utilization of Detoxification Services for Drug Addicts Offered by Department of Psychiatry CMC.H Larkana By

Dr. Badaruddin Junejo Assistant Professor &

Head Department of Psychiatry CMC Larkana

BACKGROUND • Problem of drug addiction is global. • If affects millions of people world wide. • Pool of drug addiction is increasing day-by-day. • It mainly inducts young adults.

COMMON DRUGS OF ABUSE • Nicotine • Cannabis • Bhang • Opium • Heroin • Benzodiazepines • Alcohol

SITUATION OF PAKISTAN • Population of Pakistan is > 165 millions • No. of drug addicts

= > 4 millions

• with annual increase of • Opoid dependents

7% > ½ million

• Intra venous drug users = 15%

SITUATION OF LARKANA • Population of Larkana District including Qamber/Shahdadkot = 2.1 millions • Larkana is not behind in selling and buying the substances of abuse • Heroin is the main problem of this area • No. of regular heroin users is about = 4000 • Intra venous drug users (i/v dus)

> 10%

• I/v Dus is increasing rapidly which carries high risk of HIV transmission due to exchange of Syringes

SOURCES OF INCOME • Begging • Collecting the dirty articles and selling • Theft • Selling the house holds • Borrowing loans etcC

SERVICES REQUIRED FOR DRUG ADDICTS Preventive services • Primary • Secondary • Tertiary

Treatment Services • Motivational • Detoxification • Rehabilitation Due to lack of resources we offer only Detoxification services. Most of the centers in public sector provide Detoxification services.

METHODS • We have 8 beds in detoxification unit in the department of psychiatry CMC H Larkana • One year data i.e. from 1st January 2005 to 31st December 2005 was collected. • Total No. of admissions and bed occupancy was observed through the admission / discharge register and daily discharge register

RESULTS Total Admissions

193

Male

192

99.48 %

Female

1

0.51 %

200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0

Male Female

SUBSTANCES USED Substance

No. of Cases

Percentage

Heroin

185

95.85 %

Opium

02

1.03 %

I/V Dus

06

3.10 %

200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0

Heroin Opium I/V Dus

Urban

154

79.7 %

Rural

39

20.20 %

160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0

Urban Rural

AGE WISE BREAKUP Age

No. of Cases

Percentage

< 15 years 15 – 20 years

0 16

0% 8.29 %

21 – 25 years 26 – 30 years 31 – 35 years 36 – 40 years 41 – 45 years > 45 years

31 47 24 36 39 0

16.06 % 24.35 % 12.43 % 18.72 % 20.20 % 0%

Month

No. of Cases

Percentage

January

9

4.66 %

February

9

4.66 %

March

15

7.77 %

April

8

4.14 %

May

19

9.84 %

June

35

18.13 %

July

13

6.73 %

August

26

13.47 %

September

17

8.80 %

October

19

9.84 %

November

14

7.25 %

December

9

4.66 %

BED OCCUPANCY • Total bed occupancy was

45%

• Average stay in the word (1– 5 days)4 days • LAMA rate

44%

CONCLUSIOIN Data suggests that the available services offered are not fully utilized by drug addicts.

RECOMMENDATION 1. Orientation, awareness and motivation may improve the utilization of services 2. Provision of other components (motivational services, rehabilitation services and preventive services) 3. Improving the existing services.