US007630717B2

(12) United States Patent

(10) Patent N0.: (45) Date of Patent:

Feher (54) TOUCH SCREEN, LOCATION FINDER, GSM,

US 7,630,717 B2 Dec. 8, 2009

OTHER PUBLICATIONS

EDGE, CDMA CELLULAR AND OFDM, WI-FI U.S. Appl. No. 10/831,562, ?led Apr. 23, 2004, Feher, K.

SYSTEM

(76) Inventor: (*)

Kamilo Feher, 44685 Country Club Dr., El Macero, CA (US) 95618

Notice:

Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this patent is extended or adjusted under 35

U.S.C. 154(b) by 197 days.

(21) Appl.No.: 12/014,692 (22) Filed:

obtained by touching the screen of a device. Processor for

receiving and processing multiple signals received from mul tiple locations and for generating a processed position ?nder

Aug. 28, 2008

Related US. Application Data

(63)

Continuation of application No. 11/410,492, ?led on Apr. 25, 2006, noW Pat. No. 7,356,343, Which is a continuation of application No. 11/196,610, ?led on

Aug. 3, 2005, noW Pat. No. 7,260,369.

(51)

Int. Cl. H04 W 24/00 H04B 7/216

ABSTRACT

for single or multimode communications and broadcasting. Processor for processing multiple touch screen signals,

Prior Publication Data

US 2008/0205535 A1

(57)

Interactive touch screen controlled communication systems

Jan. 15, 2008

(65)

(Continued) Primary ExamineriNick Corsaro Assistant Examineriloel Ajayi

(2006.01) (2006.01)

signal. Processor and ?lter for generating time division pro cessed ?ltered signal used in Time Division Multiple Access

(TDMA) Global Mobile System (GSM), Enhanced Digital GSM Evolution (EDGE), in Code Division Multiple Access

(CDMA) and in Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex (OFDM), Wi-Fi Wireless ?delity (Wi-Fi) systems. Processor for generating cross-correlated in-phase and quadrature phase processed ?ltered baseband signals from an input sig nal. Processor for generating a signal from processing of the

(52)

US. Cl. ................... .. 455/440; 455/456.1; 370/335

(58)

Field of Classi?cation Search ..................... .. None

See application ?le for complete search history.

processed touch screen signal With processed position ?nder signal and With one or more of the signals generated by the other processors. Modulator for modulation of the signal generated by one or more of the processors. Transmitter for

(56)

References Cited

transmission of the modulated signal and receiver and demodulator for receiving and demodulating said transmitted

U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS 3,702,476 A 3,944,926 A

signal. System With multiple received signals received from

11/1972 Nathanson 3/1976 Feher

tWo or more satellite transmitters and from tWo or more land

based transmitters. A system Wherein cross-correlated in

phase and quadrature-phase processed ?ltered baseband sig

(Continued)

nals and processed spread spectrum signal are used in a cel

lular communication system and orthogonal frequency

FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS AU

5335219

division multiplex signal is used in a Wireless local area network.

1/2008

20 Claims, 30 Drawing Sheets

(Continued) 1.2

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US 7,630,717 B2 Page 2 US. PATENT DOCUMENTS

4,030,033 4,229,821 4,339,724 4,350,879 4,531,221 4,567,602 4,584,880 4,644,565 4,720,839 4,742,532 4,745,628 4,852,090 4,945,549 4,962,510 5,084,903 5,107,260 5,157,686 5,185,765 5,282,222 5,299,228 5,313,173 5,345,439 5,359,521 5,430,416 5,479,448 5,488,631 5,491,457 5,497,777 5,535,432 5,539,730 5,550,881 5,564,076 5,572,516 5,596,333 5,608,722 5,668,880 5,745,480 5,757,858 5,778,024 5,784,402 5,794,159 5,815,525 5,818,827 5,842,140 5,850,392 5,903,592 5,909,435 5,909,460 5,915,207 5,930,303 5,933,421 5,943,361 5,982,819 5,999,519 6,008,703 6,014,551 6,067,018 6,075,973 6,088,585 6,101,174 6,101,224 6,128,330 6,138,330 6,177,861 6,192,070 6,195,563 6,198,777 6,208,875 6,216,012 6,240,133 6,249,252

6/1977 10/1980 7/1982 9/1982 7/1985 1/1986 4/1986 2/1987 1/1988 5/1988 5/1988 7/1989 7/1990 10/1990 1/1992 4/1992 10/1992 2/1993 1/1994 3/1994 5/1994 9/1994 10/1994 7/1995 12/1995 1/1996 2/1996 3/1996 7/1996 7/1996 8/1996 10/1996 11/1996 1/1997 3/1997 9/1997 4/1998 5/1998 7/1998 7/1998 8/1998 9/1998 10/1998 11/1998 12/1998 5/1999 6/1999 6/1999 6/1999 7/1999 8/1999 8/1999 11/1999 12/1999 12/1999 1/2000 5/2000 6/2000 7/2000 8/2000 8/2000 10/2000 10/2000 1/2001 2/2001 2/2001 3/2001 3/2001 4/2001 5/2001 6/2001

Bibl et al.

De Jager et al. Feher Feher

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Lampe Marston

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Auvray Miya et al. Bruckert Miller

Alajajian Behtash et al. Black et al.

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Langston Lindoff et al.

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Damgaard et al. Jensen Sommer et al.

Dupray

6,256,508 6,269,246 6,282,184 6,298,244 6,321,090 6,332,083 6,389,055 6,393,294 6,418,324 6,424,867 6,430,695 6,445,749 6,466,163 6,470,055 6,522,895 6,535,320 6,535,561 6,539,253 6,546,044 6,574,211 6,577,229 6,591,084 6,665,348 6,711,440 6,741,187 6,748,021 6,748,022 6,757,334 6,772,063 6,775,254 6,775,371 6,788,946 6,807,564 6,823,181 6,834,073 6,842,617 6,865,395 6,876,310 6,876,859 6,879,584 6,879,842 6,889,135 6,897,952 6,901,112 6,906,996 6,907,291 6,928,101 6,963,659 6,968,014 7,035,344 7,043,268 7,057,512 7,068,738 7,079,584 7,103,085 7,110,433 7,133,456 7,133,471 7,228,136 7,236,883 7,245,668 7,260,366 7,260,369 7,280,810 7,286,592 7,356,343 7,359,449 7,376,180 7,415,066 7,418,028 7,421,004 7,426,248 7,440,488

7/2001 7/2001 8/2001 10/2001 11/2001 12/2001 5/2002 5/2002 7/2002 7/2002 8/2002 9/2002 10/2002 10/2002 2/2003 3/2003 3/2003 3/2003 4/2003 6/2003 6/2003 7/2003 12/2003 3/2004 5/2004 6/2004 6/2004 6/2004 8/2004 8/2004 8/2004 9/2004 10/2004 11/2004 12/2004 1/2005 3/2005 4/2005 4/2005 4/2005 4/2005 5/2005 5/2005 5/2005 6/2005 6/2005 8/2005 11/2005 11/2005 4/2006 5/2006 6/2006 6/2006 7/2006 9/2006 9/2006 11/2006 11/2006 1/2007 6/2007 7/2007 8/2007 8/2007 10/2007 10/2007 4/2008 4/2008 8/2008 8/2008 8/2008 9/2008 9/2008 10/2008

Nakagawa et al. Rao et al. Lehman et al. Boesch et al. Soliman

................... .. 455/440

Shi et al.

August et al. PereZ-Breva et al. Doviak et al. Snell et al.

Bray et al. Feher Naruse et al.

Feher Montalvo Burns Boesch et al.

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B2 B2 B2 B2 B2

2001/0016013 2001/0020912 2002/0001337 2002/0063622 2002/0085641 2002/0086684 2002/0193108 2003/0063683 2003/0134664 2003/0147471 2003/0179833 2004/0013166 2004/0017858 2004/0081248 2004/0203377 2004/0203715 2004/0253955 2005/0068918 2005/0093584 2005/0094589 2005/0097595 2005/0181810 2005/0185700 2005/0202809 2005/0232135 2006/0050625 2006/0087432 2006/0135183

A1 A1 A1 A1 A1 A1 A1 A1 A1 A1 A1 A1 A1 A1 A1 A1 A1 A1 A1 A1 A1 A1 A1 A1 A1 A1 A1 A1

10/2008 11/2008 11/2008 12/2008 1/2009 8/2001

Kim et al. Feher Feher Feher Feher Feher

9/2001 Naruse et al.

1/2002 Chauncey et al. 5/2002 Armstrong et al. 7/ 2002 7/2002 12/ 2002 4/2003 7/ 2003 8/2003 9/2003

Baum Pande et a1. Robinett MacFarlane Shearer, III et al. Zancewicz Simon et a1. Porco et al.

1/2004 Goodings 1/2004 Rozenblit et al. 4/2004 Parolari 10/2004 Eaton et al.

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5/2005 Camp 5/2005 Lipsanen et a1. 8/2005 Camp et al. 8/2005 Pietila et al.

9/2005 Lappetelainen et al. 10/2005 3/ 2006 4/ 2006 6/2006

Mukai et a1. Krasner Corbett Zavada et al.

FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS RU SG WO WO WO WO WO WO WO WO WO

8107948 8005274 PCT/AU95/00098 PCT/IB97/00068 PCT/IB97/30524 PCT/US98/ 16840 PCT/US99/17995 PCT/US99/19909 PCT/US05/35931 PCT/US06000486 PCTUS060004 86

2/2008 11/2008 8/1995 8/1997 8/1997 2/1999 8/1999 8/1999 10/2005 1/2006 1/2006

OTHER PUBLICATIONS

U.S. Appl. No. 10/831,724, ?led Apr. 24, 2004, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No. 60/615,678, ?led Oct. 5, 2004, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No. 90/007,305, ?led Dec. 19, 2004, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No. 11/023,279, ?led Dec. 22, 2004, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No. 11/102,896, ?led Dec. 22, 2004, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No. 11/023,254, ?led Dec. 22, 2004, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No. 11/105,295, ?led Apr. 14,2005, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No. 11/107,516, ?led Apr. 18,2005, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No . 11/197,160, ?led Aug. 3, 2005, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No. 11/197,670, ?led Aug. 3, 2005, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No . 11/197,609, ?led Aug. 3, 2005, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No. 90/007,687, ?led Aug. 22, 2005, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No . 90/007,688, ?led Aug. 22, 2005, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No. 11/294,656, ?led Dec. 5, 2005, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No . 11/299,344, ?led Dec. 10, 2005, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No. 11/323,976, ?led Dec. 30, 2005, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No . 11/410,492, ?led Apr. 25, 2006, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No. 11/413,687, ?led Apr. 28, 2006, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No. 11/413,984, ?led Apr. 29, 2006, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No. 60/831,512, ?led Jul. 18, 2006, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No. 11/502,720, ?led Aug. 10, 2006, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No. 11/534,675, ?led Sep. 25, 2006, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No. 11/552,491, ?led Oct. 24, 2006, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No. 11/552,936, ?led Oct. 25, 2006, Feher, K.

US. Appl. No. 11/745,201, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No. 11/766,766 Cont. ofU.S. Appl. 11/197,610, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No. 11/866,995 Cont. of US. Appl. No. 11/197,609, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No. 11/867,688 Cont. of US. Appl. No. 11/197,609, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No. 11/868,858 Cont. of US. Appl. No. 11/197,609, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No. 11/871,076, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No. 11/872,007, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No. 11/872,527, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No. 11/866,995, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No. 11/875,925, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No. 11,924,263, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No. 11/926,144, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No. 11/927,686, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No. 11/924,893, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No. 11/929,447, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No. 11/930,159, Feher, K. 3GPP TS 25 213 V6.0.0 (Dec. 2003) 3rd Generation Partnership Project ; Technical Speci?cation Group Radio Access Network Spreading and Modulation (FDD) (Release 6) 28 pages. 3GPP TS 05.04 V8.4.0 (Nov. 2001) Technical Speci?cation Group GSM/EDGE Radio Access Network; Digital cellular telecommuni

cations system (Phase 2+); Modulation (Release1999); 3GPP:3’d Generation Partnership Project; (10 pages). Brown, C., Feher, K: “A recon?gurable modem for increased net work capacity and video, voice, and data transmission over GSM PCS”, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Tech

nology, pp. 215-224, vol. 6, No. 2, Apr. 1996 (10pages). Brown, C.W.: “New Modulation and Digital Synchronization Tech niques for Higher Capacity Mobile and Personal Communications Systems” Ph.D. Thesis University of California, Davis, Nov. 1996 pp. i-vii,138-l90; 269-272; 288-289;29l. Brown, C., Feher, K. : “A Flexible Modem Structure for Increased Network Capacity and Multimedia Transmission in GSM PCS”, Proceedings of the Fifteenths Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE

Computer and Communication Societies (INFOCOM ’96), 1996 (8

pages). Furusar, A. et al.: “EDGE: Enhanced Data Rates for GSM andTDMA / 136 Evolution” IEEE Personal Communications , Jun. 1999 , pp.

56-66.

Qualcomm : “MSM 6275 Chipset Solution”, Qualcomm CDMA

Technologies, San Diego, CA, 2004 (8 pages). Copyright 2004

Qualcomm. Qualcomm : “MSM 6300 Chipset Solution”, Qualcomm CDMA

Technologies, San Diego, CA, 2004 ( 8 pages). Copyright 2004

Qualcomm. Baisa, M. “Designing wireless interfaces for patient monitoring

equipment”, RF Design Magazine Apr. 2005, www.rfdesign.com (5

pages). Hickling, R. M.: “New technology facilitates true software4de?ned

radio” RF Design Magazine Apr. 2005, www.rfdesign.com (5 pages). Feher, K.: “Wireless Digital Communications: Modulation & Spread

Spectrum Applications”, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458, Copyright 1995, Book ISBNNo. 0-13-098617-8 (pages: front page; copyright page; pp. 164-177; 461-471; and 475-483). Holma, H., Toskala, A.: “WCDMA for UMTS Radio Access for Third Generation Mobile Communications”, Second Edition, John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Chichester, West Sussex, England , Copyright 2002, ISBN 0-470-84467-1 (pages:front page;copyright page; pp.

xv-xvi; 1-4; 90-95, 199-201; and 235-236). Tuttlebee, W.; “Software De?ned Radio: Baseband Technology for 3G Handsets and Basestations”, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Chichester, West Sussex, England, Copyright 2004, ISBN 0-470-86770-1 (pages: front page; copyright page; pp. 1-3, 8-15; 34-39, and 274

279). Dobkin,D.M. and Wandinger, T.: “A Radio Oriented Introduction to

Radio Frequency Identi?cation”iRFID Tutorial, High Frequency Electronics, Jun. 2005, Copyright 2005 Summit Technical Media (6

pages). Dale Setlak : “Fingerprint sensors in Wireless handsets” a presenta

tion at the EOEM Design Expo Jun. 22, 2005, Wireless OEM Design

US 7,630,717 B2 Page 4 Expo

Online

Conference

&

Exhibition,

http://www.

cations system (Phase 2-30 ); Modulation (Release1999); 3GPP:3’d

reedbusinessinteractive.com/eoem/indexasp (38 pages).

Generation Partnership Project; (10 pages).

Kato, S. and Feher, K.: “XPSK: A new cross-correlated phase shift

Brown, C., Feher, K: “A recon?gurable modem for increased net work capacity and video, voice, and data transmission over GSM

keying modulation technique”, IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. COM

31, No. 5, May 1983, (pp. 701-707).

PCS”, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Tech

Perrott et al.,: “A 27-mW CMOS Fractional-N Synthesizer Using Digital Compensation for 2.5-Mb/ s GFSK Modulation”, IEEE Jour nal of Solid-State Circuits, Vo.32, No. 12, Dec. 1997, (pp. 2048

nology, pp. 215-224, vol. 6, No. 2, Apr. 1996 (10pages). Brown, C.W.: “New Modulation and Digital Synchronization Tech niques for Higher Capacity Mobile and Personal Communications Systems” Ph.D. Thesis University of California, Davis, Nov. 1996 pp. i-vii;138-190; 269-272; 288-289;291.

2060). Jian et al.,: “An Ef?cient IF Architecture for Dual-Mode GSM/W CDMA Receiver of a Software Radio,” . . . 1999 International Work

1999 San Diego, CA(pp. 21-24).

Brown, C., Feher, K. : “A Flexible Modern Structure for Increased Network Capacity and Multimedia Transmission in GSM PCS”, Proceedings of the Fifteenths Annual joint Conference of the IEEE

Mangold et al.,: Software-de?nable Implementation of A Dual Mode TD-CDMNDCS 1800 Transceiver Communication Summit, vol. 1,

pages).

Jun. 1998, ( 5 pages).

Furuscar, A. et al .: “EDGE: Enhanced Data Rates for GSM and

Morrison, I. S. “ACE-8PSK: Band-Limited 8PSK With An Almost Constant Envelope”, Tenth International Conference on Digital Sat

TDMA / 136 Evolution ” IEEE Personal Communications , Jun.,

ellite Communications, May 15-19, 1995, Brighton, UK. (pp. 325

Qualcomm .: “MSM 6275 Chipset Solution”, Qualcomm CDMA

shop on Mobile Multimedia Communications, IEEE, Nov. 15-17,

331). Hyunchol Shin: “GSM RF Transmitter Design”, Kewangwoon Uni versity, Seoul, Korea. Presented at PERC, ICU Aug. 19, 2004 (40

slides). Grieco, D.M. & Schilling, D.L .: “The Capacity ofBroadband CDMA

Overlaying A GSM Cellular System”, IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference, Jun. 8-10, 1994, Stockholm, Sweden , 1994 IEEE (pp. 3 1-3 5). Malkemes et al.,: “An Interoperable PACS And DCS1900 Subsciber Unit Radio Architecture”, Sixth IEEE International Symposium, PIMRC’95: Personal Indoor and Mobile Radio Communication,

Sep. 27-29, 1997, Toronto, Ont. Canada, 1995 IEEE (pp. 1149-1154). Bitkom: “RFID White Paper Technology, Systems, and Applica tions”, Bitkom German Association for Information Technology,

German Version published Aug. 2005, and English Version published Dec. 2005. The English Version published Dec. 2005 has been used

in Applicant’s search. Nokia: Nokia 5140i phone; Nokia 5140i NFC Shell User Guide“Is sue 1.0, May 4, 2006; Nokia 6131 NFC User Guide in English” Issue 1, Feb. 6, 2007; Nokia Field Force Solution is an easy-to-use, ?exible

management tool especially designed to help enterprise improve their mobile and ?eld-based business operation Copyright 2007. Quorum articles and publications downloaded from www. quorumsystems.com on Jun. 24, 2007, including: Why Conver gence? The Sereno Platform. Sereno QS1000, QS 2000 and QS 3000,

Copyright 2006 Quorum. U.S. Appl. No. 09/370,360, ?led Aug. 9, 1999, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No. 09/370,361, ?led Aug. 9, 1999, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No. 09/370,362, ?led Aug. 9, 1999, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No. 60/095,943, ?led Aug. 10, 1998, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No. 60/098,612, ?led Aug. 31, 1998, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No. 10/831,562, ?led Apr. 23,2005, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No. 11/766,766, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No. 11/932,458, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No. 11/937,467, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No. 12/014,692, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No. 12/047,117, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No. 12/058,299, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No. 12/099,113, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No. 12/102,147, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No. 12/115,936, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No. 12/125,741, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No. 12/252,215, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No. 12/255,515, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No. 12/271,089, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No. 12/324,378, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No. 12/334,493, Feher, K. U.S. Appl. No. 12/335,351, Feher, K. 3GPP TS 25.213 V6.0.0 (Dec. 2003) 3rd Generation Partnership

Computer and Communication Societies INFOCOM’96), 1996 (8

1999 , pp. 56-66.

Technologies, San Diego, CA, 2004 (8 pages), Copyright 2004

Qualcomm. Qualcomm : “MSM 6300 Chipset Solution”, Qualcomm CDMA

Technologies, San Diego, CA, 2004 (8 pages). Copyright 2004

Qualcomm. Baisa , N. “Designing wireless interfaces for patient monitoring

equipment”, RF Design Magazine Apr. 2005, www.rfdesign.com (5

pages). Hickling, R.M.: “New technology facilitates true software4de?ned

radio”RF Design Magazine Apr. 2005, www.rfdesign.com (5 pages). Feher, K.: “Wireless Digital Communications: Modulation & Spread

Spectrum Applications”, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458, Copyright 1995, Book ISBN No:0-13-098617-8 (pages: front page; copyright page; pp. 164-177; 461-471; and 475-483). Holma, H., Toskala, A.: “WCDMA for UMTS Radio Access for Third Generation Mobile Communications”, Second Edition, John

Wiley & Sons Ltd. Chichester, West Sussex, England, Copyright 2002 , ISBN 0-470-84467-1 (pages: front page;copyright page; pp.

xv-xvi; 1-4; 90-95, 199-201; and 235-236). Tuttlebee, W. :“Software De?ned Radio: Baseband Technology for 3G Handsets and Basestation”, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Chichester, West Sussex, England, Copyright 2004 ,ISBN 0-470-86770-1 (pages: front page; copyright page; pp. 1-3; 8-15; 34-39; and 274

279). Dobkin,D.M. and Wandinger, T.: “A Radio Oriented Introduction to

Radio Frequency Identi?cation”iRFID Tutorial, High Frequency Electronics, Jun. 2005 , Copyright 2005 Summit Technical Media (6

pages). Dale Setlak : “Fingerprint sensors in Wireless handsets” a presenta

tion at the EOEM Design Expo Jun. 22, 2005, Wireless OEM Design Expo

Online

Conference

&

Exhibition

,

http://www.

reedbusinessinteractive.com/eoem/indexasp (38 pages). Kato, S. and Fetter,. K.: “XPSK: A new cross-correlated phase shift

keying modulation technique”, IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. COM

31, No. 5, May 1983, (pp. 701-707). Perrott el al.,: “A 27-mW CMOS Fractional-N Synthesizer Using Digital Compensation for 2.5-Mb/ s GFSK Modulation”, IEEE Jour nal of Solid-State Circuits, V0.32, No. 12, Dec. 1997, (pp. 2048

2060). Jian et al.,: “An Ef?cient IF Architecture for Dual-Mode GSM/W CDMA Receiver of a Software Radio,” . . . 1999:International Work

shop on Mobile Multimedia Communications, IEEE, Nov. 15-17,

1999 San Diego,CA(pp. 21-24). Mangold et al., : Software-de?nable Implementation of A Dual Mode TD-CDMNDCS 1800 Transceiver Communication Summit, vol. 1,

Jun. 1998, (5 pages). Morrison, I. S. “ACE-8PSK: Band-Limited :8FSK With An Almost Constant Envelope”, Tenth International Conference on Digital Sat

ellite Communications, May 15-19, 1995, Brighton, UK. (pp. 325

Project , Technical Speci?cation Group Radio Access Network

331).

Spreading and Modulation (FDD) (Release 6) 29 pages. 3GPP TS 05.04 V8.4.0 (Nov. 2001) Technical Speci?cation Group GSIVUEDGE Radio Access Network, Digital cellular telecommuni

Hyunchol Shin: “GSM RF Transmitter Design”, Kewangwoon Uni versity, Seoul, Korea. Presented at PERC, ICU Aug. 19, 2004 (40

slides).

US 7,630,717 B2 Page 5 Grieco, D.M. & Schilling, D.L.: “The Capacity ofBroadbandCDMA Overlaying A GSM Cellular System”, IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference, Jun. 8-10, 1994, Stockholm, Sweden, 1994 IEEE (pp. 3 1-3 5). Malkemes et al.,: “An Interoperable PACS And DCS1900 Subsciber Unit Radio Architecture”, Sixth IEEE International Symposium, PIMRC’95: Personal Indoor and Mobile Radio Communication,

Sep. 27-29, 1995, Toronto, Ont. Canada, 1995 IEEE (pp. 1149-1154). Bitkom: “RFID White Paper Technology, Systems, and Applica tions”, Bitkom German Association for Information Technology,

German Version published Aug. 2005, and English Version published Dec. 2005. The English Version published Dec. 2005 has been used

in Applicant’s search. Nokia: Nokia 5140i phone; Nokia 5140i NFC Shell User Guide“

Issue 1.0, May 4, 2006; Nokia 6131 NFC User Guide in English” Issue 1, Feb 6, 2007; Nokia Field Force Solution is an easy-to-use,

?exible management tool especially designed to help enterprise

improve their mobile and ?eld- based business operations Copyright 2007.

Quorum articles and publications downloaded from WWW.

quorunsystemscom. on Jun. 24,2007, including: Why Convergence? The Sereno Platform. Sereno QS 1000, QS 2000 and QS 3000, Copy

right 2006 Quorum. Kellerer, W. et al. “A communication gateWay for infrastructure independent 4G Wireless access”, this paper appears in: Communi cations Magazine, IEEE Publication Date: Mar 2002 Vol.40, Issue: 3 pp. 126-131.

Spiegel, S]. and Kovacs, I.G. “An ef?cient integration of GPS and WCDMA radio front-ends”, IEEE Transactions on MicroWave

Theory and Techniques, vol. 52, Issue 4, Apr. 2004 pp. 1125-1131. Walker, H.R. : “Understanding Ultra NarroWband Modulation” from MicroWaves and RF Dec. 1, 2003 doWnloaded from: http://WWW.

highbeam.com/doc/IP3-523237701.html. * cited by examiner

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