discussion on the connection of the two fields via the Metzler matrix, which I have used since then in a wide variety of models to this very day. Looking at this award in a prudential light, my obtaining this award is as much a compliment to the Control Council as it is to me. My winning of this award at Santa Clara University, which is not a research 1 university but prides itself as an excellent teaching institution, proves that the system is open, and that any of you wherever you are can win this award solely by the merit of your research. I recall when at 18 I made the Yugoslav Olympic Water Polo Team for the 1952 Helsinki Olympic Games. We won all our games except the final one, which ended in a draw. At that time,

(Publicity), Richard O’Brien (Local Arrangements), and Jeannie Falcon (Industry and Applications). Finally, we wish to acknowledge the AACC Executive Committee and Board of Directors for their support; plenary speakers for sharing their research ideas; NSF, AACC, IEEE

there were no overtimes and penalty kicks; the winner was determined by the cumulative goal ratio. We were short by two hundredths of a point to win the gold. I continued playing water polo but did not make the team for the 1956 Melbourne games; I broke my right hand and stayed home. I kept playing on and in 1960 made the team for the Rome Olympics. We did not win a medal in Rome, let alone the gold. At that point I was already a committed researcher in control systems. I continued the research for many years and to borrow from a song by Neil Young: “I kept searching for a heart of gold, and I was getting old…” Today I found a heart of gold. Thank you all very much for your attention, and God bless!

CSS, and ASME DSCD for providing student travel grants; the financial support of our seven industry sponsors; the eight exhibitors for displaying their latest advancements in technology and information; the workshop organizers for providing educational opportunities for our

participants; and the authors for presenting their latest developments in control systems. Glenn Y. Masada General Chair Richard D. Braatz Program Chair

Symposium on Emerging Topics in Control and Modeling: Biomedical Systems

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student-led event, titled “Symposium on Emerging Topics in Control and Modeling: Biomedical Systems,” was held at the Beckman Institute at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign on April 22–23, 2010. The intent of the organizers was to facilitate discussion and collaboration, as well as engage graduate students with the research community. The event is the second in a series of symposia on emerging topics in control and modeling relevant to modern societal challenges. The symposium was organized by a group of University of Illinois graduate students, Ashlee Ford, Robert Gregg, David Hoelzle, Miles Johnson, and Jeremy Kemmerer. The IEEE Control Systems Society (CSS) and ASME Dynamic Systems and Control Division were the technical cosponsors of the event, and the Beckman Institute and Coordinated Science Laboratory,

TECHNICAL PROGRAM The main program consisted of 12 one-hour invited talks given by leading researchers applying controls and modeling tools to problems in biomedical systems. The research problems addressed in the talks include medical imaging, physiological response modeling, and human in-the-loop systems. Complementary to these talks was a poster session that highlighted research from graduate students from worldwide institutions. The symposium concluded with a panel session where six panel members discussed the salient points of the symposium as well as new directions with the audience.

Medical Imaging Four investigators presented their research in sensor design, optimization,

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both at the University of Illinois, hosted the event by providing facilities and administrative support.

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and signal processing for medical imaging applications. Common discussion points were the need to account for patient variability in imaging system design and processing and the role of intelligent methods for processing information. Emad Ebbini from the University of Minnesota discussed focused ultrasound therapy with phased arrays. Presented were the challenges involved in focused ultrasound, specifically, the control of multiple-focus heating patterns. Milan Sonka from the University of Iowa presented multi-object, multisurface graph segmentation for automating segmentation of medical images. His talk included examples from several imaging modalities, including MRI, OCT, and CT scans. Jr-Shin Li from Washington University in St. Louis presented a unified computation method based on pseudospectral approximations for solving optimal control problems arising in the context

of ensemble control with applications to neurological treatments for Parkinson’s and epilepsy. Kai Thomenius from GE Global Research presented developments from GE in the area of ultrasound scanners including efforts to bring modern imaging modalities to people and places not previously possible through device miniaturization and cost reduction.

Physiological Response Modeling Central themes in this session were that physiological response data is often limited and expensive to acquire and that there is large variability between patient responses. Intelligent modeling schemes must be devised to account for these challenges. Antonios Armaou from Pennsylvania State University presented the development of model reduction and optimization and control methodologies for nonlinear distributed parameter and multiscale process systems. Applications include optimal medication schedules to inhibit primary stage HIV infection and simulation of solid tumor progression. James Koopman from the University of Michigan presented dynamic models of polio transmission in Northern India. He compared two vaccination policies and their effect on the reoccurrence of polio outbreaks. Ann Rundell from Purdue University presented an experiment design methodology for resolving physiological behaviors and their associated mathematical model when experimentation is expensive. This approach uses sparse grid interpolation to identify areas of the parameter space that are consistent with the available data. Mathukumalli Vidyasagar from the University of Texas at Dallas discussed efforts in statistical learning to predict adverse side effects in human drug reactions.

Human in-the-Loop Systems This group of talks focused on the design and control of systems that sense and react to human stimulus. Frank Doyle from the University of California at Santa-Barbara discussed the treatment of

2009

2010

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Symposium series on emerging topics in control and modeling.

type I diabetes mellitus through closedloop systems of sensors and pumps for monitoring glucose and insulin levels and delivering insulin. The challenges of safety and robustness to human variability in the development of an artificial pancreas were stressed. Sridevi Sarma from Johns Hopkins University reported on investigations into the brain activity of Parkinson’s patients. Particularly, the phenomenon in which brain activity and the symptoms of Parkinson’s abruptly change when external cues are given to the patient. Levi Hargrove from the Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago discussed efforts addressing current problems in powered prostheses that do not meet the functional requirements of patients with high-level amputation. His talk reviewed advances in muscle reinnervation and pattern-recognition decoder algorithms for upper and lower limb amputees. Homayoon Kazerooni from the University of California at Berkeley discussed the design and implementation of powered exoskeleton orthotic systems, concluding with a preview of smart exoskeletons that may enable those with neurophysiological disorders to walk upright again. His talk emphasized the principle of simplicity as a prerequisite for successful orthoses.

INTERACTIVE SESSION An interactive session showcasing research from 34 graduate students from domestic and international institutions provided an open forum for discussion. This evening event was well attended and was a highlight for graduate students, who were able to

discuss their research with the invited speakers and attendees. A broad range of institutions outside the University of Illinois were represented, with 20 of the 34 posters detailing research from external institutions. Most were from institutions in the eastern and midwestern United States. The topics and applications spanned those addressed by the invited speakers, with an emphasis on physiological responses to stimuli and human in-the-loop devices. Participation from outside the University of Illinois was facilitated by a grant from the ASME Dynamic Systems and Controls Division, which was allotted exclusively for student travel, reimbursing most of the travel expenses for 19 students.

PANEL SESSION The symposium concluded with a panel session on the ideas presented at the symposium and future research directions. The panel was comprised of Stephen Boppart from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Tim Bretl from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Harry Dankowicz from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Levi Hargrove, and Kai Thomenius. Each panelist was given one minute to provide perspectives on ideas addressed at the symposium, after which the floor was opened for audience questions. One lively discussion explored the application of modern controls and modeling research in a developing world setting. This poses the challenge of relying on sophisticated electronics in an

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Milan Sonka (left) discusses research with student Stanley Jointer from the University of Texas at Dallas. Sridevi Sarma is engaged in a discussion in the background.

environment with either a nonexistent or unreliable electrical supply. Additionally, there was a consensus that engineering, control, and modeling could be instrumental in shifting the focus of medicine toward preventing disease and early intervention, rather than treatment of symptoms.

PUBLICATION Videos of the invited talks and panel session, along with slides provided by invited speakers and interactive session participants, can be downloaded from the symposium Web site, http:// biomedsym.beckman.illinois.edu.

SPONSORSHIP AND THANK YOU The symposium had two technical cosponsors that provided funding and publicity, the IEEE CSS and the ASME Dynamic Systems and Control Division. The Beckman Institute and Coordinated Science Laboratory

at the University of Illinois provided facilities, funding, and administrative support. At the University of Illinois, the Student Organization Resource Fee, the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, the Department of Aerospace Engineering, the Graduate College, Student Senate, the Neuroengineering Integrative Graduate Education and Research Traineeship program, and the Office for Public Engagement provided funding. The organizing committee would like to thank Becky Lonberger and Jana Lenz for administrative help and the 2009 organizing committee and faculty advisers for their strategic vision, advice, and rollover funding.

2011 SYMPOSIUM CONTINUES SERIES Next year the series continues, highlighting research in controls and

Introduction of the panel session members by Robert Gregg. (From left) Harry Dankowicz, Levi Hargrove, Kai Thomenius, Stephen Boppart, and Tim Bretl. 134 IEEE CONTROL SYSTEMS MAGAZINE

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An interactive session.

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modeling research applied to cyberphysical systems. The 2011 organizing committee has been formed and has begun preparations. Please check for updates on their Web site, to be linked from http://biomedsym.beckman. illinois.edu, if you are interested in attending and participating, or if you are an organization or company wishing to sponsor the event. Tentatively, the 2011 symposium will be held in April 2011 at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Speakers are by invitation only, and the interactive session is open to all graduate and undergraduate researchers. Registration is open to all. Please check the symposium Web site in the winter of 2011 for registration and interactive session abstract submission details. David Hoelzle,Ashlee Ford, Robert Gregg, Miles Johnson, and Jeremy Kemmerer

Discussions at the interactive session. James Koopman (facing the camera) discussing with postdoctoral researcher Sabato Santiniello from Johns Hopkins University.