x`g foKku ¼dyk lewg½ Home Science (Arts Grop) (Amatomy, Physiology and Hygiene) (Hindin & English Versions) le; %& 3 ?k.Vs
iw.kkZad & 75
funsZ’k %& ¼1½
lHkh iz’u vfuok;Z gSaA
¼2½
iz’u & i= esa fn;s x;s funsZ’k lko/kkuh iwoZd i
¼3½
iz’u&i= esa nks [k.M fn;s x;s gSa [k.M&^v* vkSj [k.M&^c*
¼4½
[k.M&v esa fn;s x;s iz’u Ø- 1 ls 4 rd oLrqfu"B iz’u gSa] ftuesa lgh fodYi dk pquko] fjDr LFkku dh iwfrZ] ,d okD; esa mRrj ,oa lgh ;k xyr vkfn gSA
¼5½
[k.M&c esa iz’u Ø- 5 ls 16 esa vkUrfjd fodYi fn;s x;s gSaA
Introductions :i)
All questions are compulsory.
ii)
Read the instruction of question paper carefully and write answer of them.
iii)
There are two Sections – sections ‘A’ and section ‘B’ in question paper.
iv)
In section A question No. 1 to 4 are objective type, which contains choose the ritght options, fill in the blanks, answer in one sentence True on False.
v)
Internal options are given in each questions No. 5 to 16 of section B.
1
[k.M ^^v** Section-‘A’
¼oLrqfu"B iz’u½ (Objective Type Questions) iz-1
uhps fn, x;s fodYiksa esa ls lgh mRrj fyf[k;s & v½
[k½
x½
?k½
M-½
lcls vf/kd lqfo/kktud iV~Vh gS & v½ pkSMh iV~Vh
c½ frdksuh iV~Vh
l½ xksy iV~Vh
n½ yEch iV~Vh
iks"k.k f’k{kk }kjk O;fDr;ksa dks fuEu esa ls fdl ckjs esa f’kf{kr fd;k tkrk gS& v½ Hkkstu laca/kh
c½ [ksy laca/kh
l½ LokLFk laca/kh
n½ buesa ls dksbZ ugh
thou rRo gekjs 'kjhj dks cukrs gSa & v½ [kwc eksVk
c½ 'kfDr’kkyh
l½ LoLFk
n½ detksj
caxky dh izfl) d<+kbZ gS & v½ fpdudkjh
c½ Qqydkjh
l½ dkUFkk
n½ iVksyk
cky vijk/k ds fy, fd’kksj U;k;ky; fuEu esa ls dgkW gS & v½ fnYyh
c½ iatkc
l½ xqtjkr
n½ buesa ls dksbZ ugh 2
Chooe the write answer :– i)
ii)
iii)
iv)
v)
iz-2
Most convenient bandage – a) Broad bandage
b) Triangular bandage
c) Round shaped bandage
d) Long bandage
Which of the following is taugut by giving nutritional education – a) Food related
b) Sports related
c) Health related
d) None of the above
Vitamin helps to make our body a) Fatty
b) Powerfull
c) Healthy
c) Weak
The famous embroidery of Bengal a) Chickenkari
b) Phulkari
c) Kantha
d) Patola
The Juvenil court for child affenders is situated – a) Delhi
b) Punjab
c) Gujrat
d) None of the above
fuEufyf[kr fjDr LFkkuksa dh iwfrZ dhft, & 1½ jksxh dk Hkkstu----------------------------------------gksuk pkfg;sA 2½ -------------------------ds fy, dkt cuk;s tkrs gSaA 3½ twV dk js’kk--------------------------------------jax dk gksrk gSA 4½ gStk jksx-------------------------------------------QSykrs gSaA 5½ gesa LoLF; jgus ds fy,---------------------------------Hkkstu djuk pkfg;sA 3
Fill in the blanks :– i) The patients diets should be........................... ii) Button hole is made for............................... iii) The colour of jute fibre is............................. iv) The cholera diesease is spread by...................... v) To Keep our self healthy we should take.......................diet.
iz-3
,d okD; esa mRrj nhft;s %& 1- ,xekdZ D;k gS\ 2- dqiks"k.k ls gksus okys nks jksxksa ds uke fyf[k,\ 3- nw/k dh 'kdZjk dks D;k dgrs gSa\ 4- ncko fcUnq ij ncko Mkyk tkrk gSA 5- ifjokj lekt dh dkSu lh bdkbZ gS\ Give answer in one sentence :– i) What is agmark? ii) Write down names of two disease caused by malnutrition. iii) Name the sugar found in milk? iv) Why the pressure is applied at pressure points. v) What type of unit a family is known in Society?
iz-4
crkb;s fd fuEufyf[kr dFku dFku lgh gS vFkok xyr & v½ vkbZ-,l-vkbZ- Hkkjrh; ekud laLFkku dk y?kq #i gSA c½ 'khr _rq esa de dSyksjh ;qDr Hkkstu djuk pkfg;sA l½ VkbQkbM dks fe;knh Toj Hkh dgrs gSaA n½ d<+kbZ ds fy, eksVh lqbZ dk iz;ksx djuk pkfg;sA 4
b½ 'okl ufydk dh pkSM+kbZ 2-5 lseh- gksrh gSA Write True / False :– 1. I.S.I is the short form of Indian standard Institute. 2. Low calorie food should be consumed during winters? 3. Typhoid is called miadi fever? 4. Thick needle should be used for embroidery? 5. The width of respiratory canal is 2.5cm.?
iz-5
jDr dk FkDdk FkDdk cuus dh fØ;k dks la{ksi esa le>kb;s\ Explain in brief the process of blood clotting?
vFkok 'osr jDr d.k fdls dgrs gSa blds dk;Z la{ksi esa le>kb;s\ What is white blood cells? Describe its function in brief?
iz-6
jksxh dks Hkkstu nsrs le; fdu fdu pkj ckrksa dks /;ku j[kuk pkfg,\ pkfg,\ Write four precautions while providing foods to a patient?
vFkok jksxh dh fjiksVZ rS;kj djus ds fy, fdu&fdu ckrksa dk /;ku j[kuk pkfg,\ What point should be observed while preparing report of a patient?
iz-7
jksxh ds fy, pkVZ cukuk D;ksa t#jh gS\ la{ksi esa le>kb;s\ Briefty explain the necessity of preparing a chart for a patient?
vFkok jksxh dk rki ekirs le; fdu ckrksa dk fo’ks"k /;ku j[kuk pkfg;s\ What precaution should be taken while measuring temperature of patient?
5
iz-8
dqiks"k.k ds fdUgh pkj dkj.kksa dks la{ksi esa le>kb;s\ Briefty explain any four reasons of malnutrition?
vFkok ?kas?kk ¼xka;Vj½ jksx ds y{k.kksa dks le>kb;s\ Explain the symptons of Goitre?
iz-9
vkgkj&vk;sktu dk egRo la{ksi esa Li"V dhft;s\ Explain the importance of food planning in brief?
vFkok vukt o nkyksa dks vadqfjr djds [kkus ls D;k&D;k ykHk gksrs gSa\ la{ksi esa le>kb;sA Explain in brief the importance of sprouting cereals and pulses in our diet?
iz-10 cky vijk/k fdls dgrs gSa\ ifjHkk"kk lfgr le>kb;sA Define the Juvenile?
vFkok cky fodkl esa ifjokj dh Hkwfedk dks la{ksi esa le>kb;s\ Briefty explain the role of a family in growth of child?
iz-11 caxky dk dkaFkk odZ fdl izdkj rS;kj fd;k tkrk gS\ How the Kantha work of Bengal is prepared?
vFkok d
kbrs gq;s fdUgh nks dks la{ksi esa Li"V dhft;s\ Explain the stitches of emproidery? Describe briefty any two?
iz-12 ân; dh vkarfjd lajpuk dks ukaekfdr fp= }kjk Li"V dhft;s\ Prepare a labelled diagram of Internal structure of a Heart? 6
vFkok FkkbjkbM xzfUFk (Thyroid Gland) ds ukaekfdr fp= }kjk le>kb;s\ Explain the thyroid gland with the help of labelled diagram?
iz-13 HkksT; ifjj{k.k dh fdUgh nks fof/k;ksa dks foLrkj ls le>kb;s\ Explain two processes of food preseration?
vFkok futZyhdj.k dks foLrkj ls le>kb;s\ Explain dehydratoin in detail?
iz-14 js;kWu rUrq ds HkkSfrd xq.kksa dks dks le>kb;s\ Explain physical properties of Rayon fibre?
vFkok ukW;ykWu ds HkkSfrd xq.kksa dks le>kb;s\ Explain Physical properties of Nylon?
iz-15 Ropk ds dk;ksZa dks foLrkj ls le>kb;s\ Explain functions of Skin in detail?
vFkok o`Dd (Kidney) fd vkarfjd lajpuk dks le>krs gq;s o`Dd ds dk;ksZ dks crkb;s\ Explain internal structure of Kidney? Write its functions.
iz-16 edku esa dejksa dk foHkktu djrs le; fdu&fdu ckrksa dk /;ku j[kuk pkfg;s lfoLrkj le>kb;s\ What points should be observed while planning rooms in a house? Explain in detail?
vFkok 7
edku dh fLFkfr dk pquko djrs le; fdu ckrkssa dk /;ku j[kuk pkfg;s\ lfoLrkj o.kZu dhft,A What are the points should be obsereved while decide location of the house. Explain in detail?
8
[k.M ^^c** Section-‘B’ mRrj&1
mRrj&2
& ¼v½ frdksuh iV~Vh
(ii)
¼c½ Hkkstu lEc/kh
(i)
¼l½ LoLF;
(iii)
¼n½ dkUFkk
(iii)
¼bZ½ fnYyh
(i)
fjDr LFkku %& ¼1½ lqikP; ¼2½ cVu ¼3½ lqugjs jax ¼4½ eD[kh ¼5½ ikSf"Vd
mRrj&3
,d okD; esa mRrj %& 1- izrhd gS 2- esjkLel] Dokf’k;ksjdj 3- ysDVkst 4- jDr L=ko dks jksdus ds fy, 5- izFke bdkbZ
9
iz-4
lR; o vlR; %& ¼v½ lR; ¼c½ vlR; ¼l½ lR; ¼n½ vlR; ¼bZ½ lR;
iz-5
jDr dk FkDdk cuus dh fØ;k fuEu izdkj ls gS %& 1-
izksFkksEcksIykLVhu $ Ca++ FkzksEcksIykLVhu $ izksFkksfEcust ,tkabeA
2-
izksFkksfEcusl ,tkabe && fgisfju dks fu"Øh; djukA
3-
izksFkksfEcu
4- izksFkksfEcu
izksFkksfEcusl ,tkabe
FkzksfEcuA
FkzksfEcu
QkbfczuA
5- Qkbfczu rUrq $ IysVysV~l
=
FkDdkA
vFkok 'ors jDr d.k dk oSKkfud uke Y;wdkslkbV~l gSA ;s d.k fdlh fo’ks"k jax ds ugh gksrs gSaA budh la[;k yky jDr d.kksa dh vis{kk de gksrh gSA ;g dsUnzd ;qDr gSA izR;sd ikap lkS yk[k jDrd.kksa esa ,d 'osr d.k ik;k tkrk gSA 'osr jDr d.kksa dk izeq[k dk;Z 'kjhj esa izfo"V jksxk.kqvksa dks u"V djuk gSA blfy, mUgsa 'kjhj dk laj{kd Hkh dgk tkrk gSA jksxk.kqvksa ls yM+rs le; ;fn ;s d.k u"V gks tkrs gSaA rks 'kjhj jksx dk f’kdkj gks tkrk gSA u"V gq;s 'osrd.k vkSj jksxk.kqvksa ls tks fo"k curk gSa mls ihi dgrs gSaA 'osr jDr d.kksa dh mRifRr Iyhgk jl xzafFk] xy xzfUFk] vfLr eTtk vkfn LFkkuksa esa gksrh gSA 10
iz-6
jksxh dks Hkkstu nsrs le; fuEu pkj ckrksa dk /;ku j[kk tkrk gS & ¼1½
jksxh dks Hkkstu le; ij ,oa fu;fer #i ls nsuk pkfg;sA le; ij Hkkstu u nsus ij mldh [kkus dh bPNk lekIr gks tkrh gSA
¼2½
jksxh ds Hkkstu ds fy, lksus ls ugh txkuk pkfg;s\
¼3½
jksxh dks ,d&,d pht [kkus dks nh tkuh pkfg;sa tSl& nw/k vkSj Mcy jksVh ds ckn] Qy dk jl vkfnA ,d lkFk ns[kdj jksxh ?kcjk tkrk gSA
¼4½
jksxh dk Hkkstu LoPNrk ls idk gksuk pkfg;s ,oa jksxh dks xeZ Hkkstu gh fn;k tkuk pkfg;sA cklh B.Mh o xfj"B oLrq,W ugha nh tkuh pkfg;sA vFkok
jksxh dh fjiksVZ rS;kj djus ds fy, fuEufyf[kr ckrksa dk /;ku j[kuk vko’;d gS & 1½ rki
2½ ukM+h dh xfr
3½ 'okl dh xfr
4½ ey&ew=
5½ uhan
6½ foJke vkSj cspsuh
7½ thHk dh n’kk
8½ ihM+k
9½ Ropk dh voLFkk 12½ Hkkstu
10½ uk[kwuksa dh voLFkk
11½ ekufld n’kk
13½ vkS"kf/k bu lHkh ckrksa dk /;ku j[krs gq;s jksxh dh fjiksVZ rS;kj
dh tk ldrh gSA
iz-7
jksxh ds fy, pkVZ MkWDVjh nqdkuksa ij feyrs gSaA blesa ,d vksj ds [kkuksa esa le; vkSj nwljh vksj rki dh fMxzh dk fpUg yxk gksrk gSA ftl le; ftruk Toj gks mls ml fcUnq ls fn[kyk;k tkrk gSA bu fcUnqvksa dks js[kk }kjk tksM+ fn;k tkrk gSA tks js[kk bu fcUnqvksa dks tksM+rh gS mlls rki dk mrkj&p<+ko rqjUr Li"V gks tkrk gSA blh pkVZ esa ukM+h] ey&ew= vkfn ds ckjs esa Hkjus ds Hkh [kkus cus jgrs gSaA ;fn cuk cuk;k pkVZ u gks rks pkVZ cukus dk xzkQ dkxt Hkh iz;ksx esa yk;k tk ldrk gSA 11
vFkok jksxh dk rki ekirs le; fnu esa 5 ckj ukiuk pkfg,] D;ksafd jksxh dk gj le; rki ,d lk ugha jgrk gS] rki ?kVrk&c<+rk jgrk gSA rki ukius dk le; fuEukuqlkj gksuk pkfg;s & lqcg 6 cts] 10 cts] nksigj 2 cts] 'kke 6 cts vkSj jkr 10 ctsA fdUrq MkWDVj ds vkns’kkuqlkj blesa vUrj Hkh fd;k tk ldrk gSA ifjpkfjdk dks jksxh dk rki ekidj pkVZ Hkjuk pkfg;sA ukidj pkVZ Hkjus dks rkieku pkVZ dgrs gSaA
iz-8
dqiks"k.k ds fuEufyf[kr pkj dkj.k gSa & ¼1½ ifjfLFkrh; izHkko & ,d ls rhu o"kZ ds cPps vLokLF;dkj okrkoj.k ls cgqr tYnh izHkkfor gksr gSaA muesa ikpu lEcU/kh xM+cMh izk;% vkjksX; dh deh ds dkj.k gksrs gSaA ¼2½ lkaLd`frd izHkko & Hkkstu laEc/kh vknrsa] fo’okl] izFkk,a] ijEijk,W Hkh dqiks"k.k dh fLFkfr mRiUu djrs gSaA ¼3½ LokLF; ,oa vU; lqfo/kk;sa & LokLF; lqfo/kkvksa ds vHkko eas vf/kdka’k turk vle; gh e`R;q dks xys yxk nsrh gSaA ¼4½ xjhch] vKkurk & vU/k fo’okl] tula[;k] esa o`f)] d`f"k mRiknu esa deh] vdky] ck<+ vkfn ds dkj.k Hkh cPpksa esa Dof’k;jdksj ds y{k.k ns[ksa tkrs gSaA vFkok vk;ksMhu dh deh ls xka;Vj gksrk gSA tks fd ,d rjg ls dqiks"k.k dk gh y{k.k gSa vkgkj esa ,oa ikuh esa vk;ksMhu dh ek=k i;kZIr u gksus ij ,oa Fkka;jkabM xzafUFk dh vfr lfØ;rk ;k fuf"Ø;rk ds dkj.k ?ksa?kk ¼xka;Vj½ ns[kk tkrk gSA blesa xyk lwt tkrk gS rFkk 'okluyh ij ncko iMus ds dkj.k vkokt ddZ’k gks tkrh gSA blls eksVkik c< tkrk gS rFkk jDr esa Xywdkst dk Lrj vfu;af=r gks tkrk gSA 12
iz-9
Hkkstu ds iks"kd rRo fdruh ek=k esa rFkk D;ks D;ksa pkfg;s] bldk v/;;u djus ds fy;s ;g ns[kuk gS fd vkgkj dk vk;kstu D;k egRo j[krk gS o bldh D;k vko’;drk gSa Hkkstu cukrs le; x`fg.kh dks fdu&fdu ckrksa dh vksj /;ku nsuk pkfg, vkfn ckrksa dh tkudkjh vkgkj vk;sktu okys v/;k; ls gesa izkIr gksxhA vkgkj dh ;kstuk cukus dk dksbZ fo’ks"k fu;e ugha gSA lq#fp rFkk dykRed
fofHkUu izdkj dh nkyksa dks xykdj] diM+s esa ckW/kdj mUgsa djhc 12 ?k.Vs rd j[k nsuk pkfg;sA fQj mUgsa de rsy esa rydj [kkuk pkfg;sA
2½
bu vadqfjr nkyksa dks fcuk rys [kkus ls vf/kd ykHk gksrk gSA D;ksafd buds ikSf"Vd rRo ugha gksrs gSA izksVhu dh izkfIr rks gksrh gS] lkFk gh muds vadqfjr gksus ls foVkfeu ^ch* Hkh izkIr gksrk gSA buls Hkkstu dk ikpu mRre jhfr ls gksrk gSA dCt ugha jgrk gS ;g cPpksa ds fy, ikSf"Vd [kk| inkFkZ gSA mnkgj.k & pus] ewWx] eksB] bR;kfnA
iz-10
cky vijk/k dk vFkZ %& lkekftd O;oLFkk dks cukus j[kus ds fy, dqN dkuwu gksrs gSaA bu dkuwuksa dk ikyu djuk lcds fy, vfuok;Z gksrk gS] pkgs og o;Ld gks ;k ckydA ;fn o;Ld dkuwu dh vogsyuk djds lekt fojks/kh dk;Z djrk gS] rks mldk dk;Z] vijk/k dgk tkrk gSA ;fn o;Ld ckyd ;k fd’kksj bl izdkj dk dk;Z djrk gS] rks mldk dk;Z] ^cky vijk/k* ;k fd’kksj vijk/k dgk tkrk gSA budh vk;q 7 o"kZ vkSj vf/kdre vk;q 16 o"kZ gksrh gSA
13
ifjHkk"kk %& osysUVkbu ds vuqlkj& ^^eksVs&rkSj ij ^cky vijk/k^ 'kCn fdlh dkuwu ds Hkax fd;s tkus dk mYys[k djrk gSA** vFkok ckyfodkl esa ifjokj dh Hkwfedk v;Ur egRoiw.kZ gksrh gSA ;fn ckyd ds ifjokj dk okrkoj.k 'kkafriw.kZ gksrk gS rc cPpsa dk ekufld fodkl LokHkkfod #i ls gksrk gS] ifjokj dk okrkoj.k mlds lnL;ksa ds ikjEifjd lg;ksx ds lek;kstu ls mRre gksuk pkfg;s rkfd ckyd dk fodkl Hkh LokHkkfod #i ls gksrk gSA
iz-11
caxky dk dkaFkk odZ %& caxky dk dakFkk odZ gksus okyh d’khnkdkjh ugha gS] oju~ blesa iqjkus diM+ksa dh dbZ rgsa O;ofLFkr djds fo’ks"k Vkadksa ls dk;Z fd;k tkrk gSA eksVh xn~nh dh rg cukdj fdukjksa dks lcls igys fly fn;k tkrk Fkk ckn esa e/; Hkkx ij lqfuf’pr dFkkudksa rFkk ikSjkf.kd dkFkkvksa ij vk/kkfjr uewus lk/kkj.k Vkadksa ds }kjk cuk;sa tkrs gSaA Vkads lw{e rFkk lqUnj gksrs gSaA ftlls dkaFkk oL= dyk ds mRd`"V uewus cu tkrs gSaA vFkok d<+kbZ ds Vkads %& e’khu ls diM+k flyus ds i'pkr dqN LFkkuksa ij gkFk ls flykbZ Vkadksa ds #i esa dh tkrh gSA tgka e’khu pyuk lEHko ugha gksrk gSA gkFk ls flykbZ djds diM++s dh okLrfod rFkk mfpr o lqUnj 'ksi iznku dh tkrh gSA Vkadksa ds fofHkUu gS& dPpk Vkadk] vle dPpk Vkadk] lknk Vkadk] cf[k;k vFkok cVu cSad Vkadk bR;kfnA ¼1½ dPpk cM+k Vkadk %& bl Vkads dk iz;ksx oL= dks vLFkk;h #i ls tksMus ds fy, fd;k tkrk gSA ftlls diM+ksa dh lgh rg cSB tkrh gSA 14
¼2½ cf[k;k cf[k;k %& e’khu dh vuqifLFkfr esa bl izdkj dh flykbZ ¼cf[k;k½ dh tkrh gS] ;g etcwr rFkk vPNh gksrh gS] gkFk ls cf[k;k djus ij ,d vksj ds Vkads rks lqUnj fn[krs gSa ijUrq nwljh vksj ds Vkads ,d ds Åij ,d jgrs gSaA
iz-12
ân; dh vkarfjd lajpuk dk ukaekfdr fp= %& %&
vkarfjd lajpuk %& ekuo ân; dh [kM+h dkV dks ns[kus ls fuEufyf[kr vax fn[kkbZ nsrs gSaA ân; = vfyUn ¼nkW;k] ckW;k½ fuy; ¼nkW;k $ ckW;k = pkj dqy dks"B vkfyUn %& ;g ân; dk mijh pkSM+k NksVk Hkkx gSA fuy; %& ;g ân; dk ladjk f=dksuk cM+k Hkkx gSA fuy; ds vUnj vaxqyhuqek mHkkj dakMhZ dksY;weuh ds gS tks fuy; dks fpidkus ls jksdrs gSaA
15
dikV %& ân; ds vUnj fuEufyf[kr dikV gSa tks jDr dks ,d gh fn’kk esa tkus nsrs gSaA v½ f=oyu dikV c½ f}oyu dikV l½ v)Z pUnzkdkj dikV gksrs gSA ân; ls 'kjhj ds fofHkUu vaxksa rd 'kq) jDr igaqpkus okyh jDr ufydkvksa dks /keuh dgrs gSaA buesa lnSo ân; dh foijhr fn’kk esa jDr >Vds ls cgrk gSA dsoy v’kq) jDr nkfgus fuy; ls QsQMksa dks Qq¶Qqlh; /keuh ys tkrh gSA vFkok
Fkk;jkbM Fkk;jkbM xafUFk %& ;g xzfUFk ekuo dh xnZu esa daB ds nksuksa vksj
H’
dh
cukoV esa fLFkr gSaA vFkkZr nks fi.Mksa dh cuh gSA blls Fkk;jkWfDlu eq[; gkeksZu fudyrk gSA bl gkeksZu esa vk;ksMhu dh de ek=k Hkkstu ls izkIr gksus ij Qwy tkrh gS] vkSj ?ksa?kk jksx gks tkrk gSA 16
bl gkeksZu dh vf/kd ek=k L=kfor gksus ij Hkkstu dk vkWDlhdj.k rsth ls gksrk gS ân; /kM+du c<+ tkrh gS vkSj vkW[kksa dh iqrfy;kW QSy tkrh gSA tc ;g gkeksZu de ek=k esa mRiUu gksrk gSA rks ân; dh /kMdu 02 [kir] gfM~M;ksa dh o`f) 'kjhj o efLr"d dk fodkl ?kV tkrk gS] ,sls cPpksa dh rksan fudyh jgrh gS] gksB eksVs rFkk thHk ckgj fudyh gksrh gSA tuukax vfodflr jgrs gSa] ;k iztuu ;ksX; ugha gksrs vFkkZr~ uiqald gks tkrs gSA Fkk;jkWfDlu dk eq[; dk;Z mik;p; fØ;k dk fu;eu djrk gS] vFkkZr thou dh j¶rkj dks c
HkksT; ifjj{k.k dh fuEufyf[kr fuEufyf[kr nks fof/k;kW gS %& 1½ iz’khru %& gesa Kkr gS fd dksbZ Hkh [kk| inkFkZ vknzZrk ,oa rki xehZ m".krk dh mifLFkfr esa cSDVhfj;k] QQwanh vkfn ds }kjk [kjkc fd;s tkrk gSA vr% oSKkfudksa us dqN ,sls midj.k rS;kj fd;s gSa tks ueh vko’;d gksus okys rRoksa dh m".krk gVkdj [kk| inkFkkZs dks yEch vof/k rd lqjf{kr j[krs gSaA mnkgj.k& nw/k] v.Mk] Qwy vkfnA jsÝhtjsVj ,d ,slk ;U= gS tks [kk| rRoksa dh m".krk dks laogu fof/k ls fudkydj mUgsa yEcs le; rd lqjf{kr j[krk gSA
2½ rki }kjk %& cgqr ls [kk| inkFkZ idkdj Hkh lqjf{kr j[ks tkrs gSaA 600C ls 1000C rkieku ij vf/kdka’k cSDVhfj;k u"V gks tkrs gSaA vr% rS;kj Hkkstu dks
rqjUr xzg.k djds cSDVhfj;k vkfn ls jfgr fd;k tkrk gSA
vFkok futZyhdj.k %& futZyhdj.k dk mn~ns’;] [kk| inkFkZ ds jax] lqxU/k rFkk cukoV esa ifjorZu ds fcuk vf/kd ueh dk fu"dklu djuk gSA ueh ;k vknzZrk dks gVkdj vFkkZr [kk| inkFkksZ dks lq[kkdj lfCt;ksa] Qyksa o nw/k vkfn dks yEcs le; 17
rd ifjjf{kr fd;k tkrk gSA gekjs ;gka xksHkh] cSaxu] lse] fHkUMh] VekVj] vke] cjcVh vkfn lfCt;ka vf/kdka’k ?kjksa esa lq[kk;s tkrs gSaA budk iz;ksx ckfj’k ;k vU; fdlh ekSle es fd;k tkrk gSA futZyhdj.k izkphu ,oa izkd`frd fof/k gSA futZyhdj.k izk;% /kwi ;k vkx ds izHkko ls fd;k tkrk gSA futZyhdj.k dk fla)kar gS fd cSDVhfj;k vknzZrk dh vuqifLFkfr esa viuk dk;Z ugh dj ldrsA lw;Z izdk’k esa oLrqvksa dks lq[kkuk futZyhdj.k dh lkekU; fof/k gS vktdy vksou }kjk 600C ij [kk| inkFkksZa dks futZyhd`r fd;k tkrk gSA lfCt;ksa ,oa eNfy;ksa dks lq[kkus ls iwoZ muesa gYdk lk ued feyk ysuk pkfg;sA mnkgj.k & fpIl vkfn futZyhdj.k dh izfØ;k }kjk yEcs le; rd j[ks tkrs gSaA iz-14
js;kWu ds rUrq ds fuEufyf[kr xq.k gSa %& 1½ Toyu’khyrk %& js;kau ds /kkxs dks tykus ij :bZ tSlsh yiV fudyrh gSA 2½ rki dk lapkyu %& ;g m".krk dks 'kh?kz fudy tkus nsrk gS ,oa BaMd iznku djus okyk gksrk gSA vr% rki dk vPNk lapkyu gksrk gSA 3½ rki dk izHkko %& vf/kd rki ls js;kau ds rUrq fi?ky tkrs gSa o mudh ped u"V gks tkrh gSA 4½ rU;rk ;k izR;kLFkk ¼ypd½ %& js;kau ds rUrqvksa esa yphyk iu ugha gksrk gSA ;gh otg gS blls cus oL= ?kqVus o dksguh vkfn LFkkuksa ij ls f[kpko ds dkj.k QV tkrs gSaA 5½ ?k"kZ.k dk izHkko %& rUrq dh /k"kZ.k ds dkj.k ped [kjkc gks tkrh gSA js;kau ls cus oL=ksa dks jxMdj /kksus ij mudh vkd`fr fcxM tkrh gS ,oa Nsn gks tkrs gSa] vr% bu oL=ksa dks jxMdj ugha /kksuk pkfg;sA
vFkok 18
uk;ykW uk;ykWu ds ds HkkSfrd xq.k fuEufyf[kr gS %& 1- laxBu & ukW;yku rUrq dkcZu] vkDlhtu ukbVªkstu ,oa gkbMªkstu ds la;ksx ls curk gSA
2- m".kh; izHkko & rst xehZ ikdj uka;ykau rUrq fi?ky tkrs gSaA ,d fpaxkjh ls oL= esa Nsn gks tkrs gSaA
3- rki ds lapkyd & ;s uka;ykau rki ds lapkyd gksrs gSaA ;s lw;Z ds izdk’k dks vklkuh ls lapkfyr gksus nsrs gSaA vr% BaM esa uka;ykau ds oL= iguus pkfg;s xehZ esa ughaA
4- ueh dk izHkko & uka;ykau rUrq esa ty cgqr de izos’k djrk gSA blfy, bl ij nkx /kCcsa o xanxh T;knk ugha fVdrh gS o vklkuh ls ;s lkQ gks tkrs gSaA
5- lyoVjks/kh & uk;aykau ds oL=ksa esa QQWwn o dhMs ugha yxrs rFkk uka;ykau ds oL=ksa esa lyoVsa ugha iM+rh blfy, blds oL= iguuk o /kksuk vklku gksrk gSA iz-15
Ropk ds fuEufy[kr dk;Z gSa & 1½ mRltZu & Ropk }kjk ilhus ds #i esa 'kjhj esa fu#i;ksxh inkFkZ mRlftZr fd;s tkrs gSA blls 'kjhj LoLFk cuk jgrk gSA 2½ lqj{kk & leLr cká vo;oksa ij vkoj.k ds #i esa 'kjhj dh lqj{kk Ropk }kjk dh tkrh gSA 3½ Ropk }kjk & ihM+k] 'khryrk] m".krk vkfn Li’kksZ dk Kku izkIr gksrk gSA 4½ rsy xzfUFka ls L=kfor & fpdukbZ inkFkZ ds dkj.k Ropk] jkse vkSj ckádj.k dks pedhyk o dkafre; cuk, j[krh gSA 5½ Ropk rsy ;qDr & inkFkksZ dks vfHk'kksf"kr dj ekalisf’k;ksa dh lqMksyrk esa lgk;d gksrh gSA 19
6½ 'kjhj esa mfpr rkieku %& rkieku cu;s j[kus esa Ropk lgk;d gksrh gSA ;gka xeZ okrkoj.k esa v/kd ilhuk mRiUu gksrk gS] 'kh?kz mldk ok"ihdj.k gks tkrk gSA vkSj okrkoj.k dh vis{kk B.Mh cuh jgrh gSA 7½ fpduh] LoPN %& vkSj LoLF; Ropk 'kjhj dk lkSUn;Z o/kZu djrh gSA vFkok o`Dd dh [kMh dkV ns[kus ij Hkhrj dh jpuk dh tfVyrk Li"V fn[kkbZ nsrh gSA o`Dd ds nks Hkkx fn[kkbZ nsrs gSaA mRry dh vksj dk Hkkx nkusnkj vkSj xgjk cSaxuh fn[kkbZ nsrk gSA bls dkVsZDl dgrs gSa rFkk vUnj dh vksj dk xksykbZ okyk Hkkx gYd cSaxuh jax dk vkSj vusd lw{e ufydkvksa ls ;qDr fn[kkbZ nsrk gSA vUnj ds vory xM~
20
iz-16
edku esa dejksa dk foHkktu djrs le; fuEufyf[kr ckrksa dk /;ku j[kuk pkfg;s & m- & edku esa dejksa dk foHkktu le; ifjokj ds O;fDr;ksa dh la[;k ,oa mudh lqfo/kk dks /;ku eas j[kuk vko’;d gSA ?kj esa izkIr lk/kuksa dk vf/kdre mi;ksx djuk pkfg;sA dejksa dk caVokjk fuEu izdkj ls djuk pkfg;s %& 1½ cSBd d{k & ?kj esa izos’k }kjk ds ikl cSBd d{k gksuk pkfg;sA bl dejs dk mi;ksx ?kj ds lHkh lnL;ksa dks ,d lkFk cSBus gsrq gks ldrk gSA 2½ Hkkstu d{k & ;g d{k jlksbZ?kj ds ikl gh gksuk pkfg;sA Hkkstu d{k cSBd d{k ds ikl gh gksuk pkfg;sA rkfd Hkkst; inkFkZ ykus ys tkus esa fo’ks"k ifjJe ugha djuk iM+sA 3½ 'kklu d{k & bl dejs esa mfpr izdk’k o gok vkus dk izcU/k djuk pkfg;sA 4½ ckydksa dh i<+kbZ dk dejk & cPpksa ds fy, i<+kbZ dk dejk vyx gksus ls cPpksa dh i<+kbZ esa O;o/kku ugha iM+rk gSA 5½ vfrfFk d{k & ;fn ?kj esa i;kZIr LFkku gks rks vfrfFk d{k vyx ls gksuk vko’;d gSA 6½ Hk.Mkj d{k d{k & ;g d{k jlksbZ ?kj ds ikl esa gh gksuk pkfg;sA 7½ 'kkSpky; ,oa Luku x`g & ?kj esa 'kkSpky; o Luku ?kj gksuk vfrvko’;d gSA ;g ?kj esa tgka Hkh LFkku fjDr gks] ogkW cuokuk pkfg;s] vktdy ¶y’k ds 'kkSpky; mi;qDr jgrs gSaA vFkok
21
m- edku dh fLFkfr dk pquko djrs le; fuEufyf[kr ckrksa dk /;ku j[kuk pkfg;s & 1- edku ds vkl&ikl dk okrkoj.k %& edku ds vkl&ikl dk okrkoj.k LoPN o thou thus ;ksX; gksuk pkfg;sA edku xUnh xfy;ksa ;k lhyu okys LFkku ij dnkfir ugha cuokuk pkfg;sA 2- Hkwfe %& tehu dadjhyh ,oa iFkjhyh gksuh pkfg;s] D;ksafd blesa ls ikuh fjldj vUnj pyk tkrk gSA Hkwfe fpduh feV~Vh dh ugha gksuh pkfg;s] D;ksafd blesa edku detksj rFkk 'khry ok;q izos’k dj ldsxhA 3- fn'kk %& edku dh fn’kk iwoZ&if’pe ;k mRrj&nf{k.k gksuk pkfg;sA 4- edku dh cukoV %& edku dk fuekZ.k djus ls iwoZ mldk uD’kk dq’ky bathfu;j ls cuok ysuk pkfg;sA 5- edku dk eap] uhao ,oa vk/kkj %& uhao etcwr o xgjh gksuh pkfg,] eap dh ÅWpkbZ i;kZIr gksuh pkfg,A 6- ey&ew= ,oa xUns ikuh dk fudkl %& bldh O;oLFkk gsrq ukfy;ka iDdh rFkk
¼mijksDrkuqlkj@vU; izR;sd lgh fcUnq ij 1 vad ds eku ls iwjs 6 fcUnq lgh fy[kus ij iwjs 6 vad izkIr gksxsa½
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