Set No: Code No: RR-312301 III B.Tech I-Semester Regular Examinations, November-2004 MASS TRANSFER AND SEPARATION (Bio-Technology) Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE questions All questions carry equal marks --1. Obtain an expression for the steady state Equimolal counter diffusion of two gases starting from fundamentals?

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Estimate the liquid-film mass transfer coefficient for O2 diffusing from an air bubble rising through water at 20oC. Choose a bubble size of 0.04 m. Assume a spherical shape and assume rapid circulation of gas inside the bubble. Neglecting the change of bubble size with distance traveled, calculate the fraction of oxygen absorbed from the air in 1 m of travel if the water contains no dissolved oxygen.

3. a) b)

Write and Explain Rayleighs equation? A binary mixture containing 15 mole percent n-Butane and 85 percent n-Pentane is subjected to simple Batch distillation at atmospheric pressure. If 80 percent of the Butane is removed by distillation process, how much Pentane would be removed? What would be the composition of the remaining liquid? Average relative volatility=3.5.

4.

Discuss the steps involved in the determination of theoretical number of plates by Panchon Savarit method? What is Reflux? Explain the method for determining minimum Reflux by using the above method?

5.

With the help of neat sketches, explain briefly the various types of commercial extraction equipment.

6.

Give an account of the graphical method of calculation of the number of stages for counter-counter extraction in a solid-liquid extraction system.

7.

Determine graphically the quantity of fresh carbon required per 500 kg of solution for a single stage operation to reduce the odour to 10% of its original value. Compare the result with that obtained from Freundlich equation.

8.

Discuss in brief about principles of Ion exchange?

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Set No: Code No: RR-312301 III B.Tech I-Semester Regular Examinations, November-2004 MASS TRANSFER AND SEPARATION (Bio-Technology) Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE questions All questions carry equal marks --1. a) Write the fick’s law of diffusion for ‘Z’ direction. What is the significance of Diffusion coefficient? b) Derive the equation for steady state diffusion of gas (A) Through the wall of a hollow cylinder?

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Prove (or) show the following relationships starting with the equation. (i) Convert KC to KY and KG. (ii) Convert KL to Kx and Kx. (iii) Convert KG to KY and KC.

3.

Explain the process of differential distillation and obtain rayleighs equation?

4.

A mixture of 40 mol% Benzene with Toluene is distilled in a column to give a product of 95 mole % Benzene and a waste of 5mole% Benzene using a Reflux ratio of 4. By using the Mccabe and Thieles Method determine (i) The number of plates required and the position of the feed if supplied to the column as liquid at the boiling point. (ii) Minimum Reflux ratio possible. (iii) Minimum number of plates.

5.

Explain the terms constant and variable under flow conditions?

6. a)

Discuss in brief regarding the preparation of solid for leaching? Explain the temperature of leaching? Explain how minimum solvent rate required to be obtained for an extraction operation in a counter current multistage contactor?

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Write on a) Adsorption wave and break through curve and b) Pressure solving and thermal solving methods. BET Isotherm.

8.

Define membrane separation processes and classify them and explain in detail?

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Set No: Code No: RR-312301 III B.Tech I-Semester Regular Examinations, November-2004 MASS TRANSFER AND SEPARATION (Bio-Technology) Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE questions All questions carry equal marks --1. The air pressure in a tyre reduces from 2 bars to 1.99 bars in five days. The volume of air in the tube is 0.025 m3, the surface area is 0.5 m2 and wall thickness is 0.01 m. The solubility of air in rubber is 0.07 m3/m3 rubber. Estimate the diffusivity of air in rubber.

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It is desired to estimate the mass transfer coefficient KG in kg mol/m2s p.a for water vapour in air at 338.6 k and 101.32 Kpa flowing in a large duct past different geometry solids. The velocity of the duct is 3.66 m/s. The water vapour concentration in the air is transferred to the solids. Do this for the following geometries. (i) A single 25.4 mm – diameter sphere. (ii) A packed bed of 25.4 mm sphere with  = 0.35

3.

Derive an equation to determine the minimum number of plates at total reflux conditions for the distillation of a Binary mixture?

4.

A Blend of 50% Toluene liquid and 50% Benzene liquid volume is being separated by fractionation into an over head product that has 10 mole percent Toluene and a bottom product that has 0.5 mole percent Benzene. The blend is fractionated at the rate of 10000 gal/day. How many gallons of each product is produced, if the reflux ratio is 4. A sample of vapour from one of the trays above the feed tray was taken and found to contain 20% Toluene. What was the composition of the liquid from the tray along the point of which the sample of vapour was taken?

5.

Explain how the number of stages can be determined for immiscible solvents in cross current extraction?

6.

A counter current multiple contact extraction system is treat 50 tons/hr of wet sliced sugar beets with fresh water as solvent. The beets have the following analysis in mass fraction. Water ~0.48, pulp ~0.04, and sugar ~0.20. The strong solution leaving the system is to contain 0.15 mass fraction of sugar and 97% sugar in the sliced beets is to be removed. Determine the number of cells required assuming equilibrium between the under flow and overflow from each cell, if each ton of pulp retains 3 tons of water.

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7.

Explain the various types of equipments commercially used for adsorption with the help of neat sketches?

8.

Explain liquid permeation membrane processes and sketch concentration profiles for membrane processes? ###

Set No: Code No: RR-312301 III B.Tech I-Semester Regular Examinations, November-2004 MASS TRANSFER AND SEPARATION (Bio-Technology) Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE questions All questions carry equal marks --1. A tube of small diameter was filled with acetone to 1.5 m from the top and maintained at a temperature of 20oC in a gentle current of air. After 7 hours the level of liquid dropped to 2.25 m. The Barometric Pressure was 760 mm Hg and the vapor pressure of Acetone is 185 mm Hg. At 20oC, the density of Acetone is 0.79 kg/m3. Determine the diffusivity of Acetone in air?

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Ammonia from an air-ammonia stream containing 5% ammonia by volume in absorbed by sulphuric acid in a counter current wetted wall column 15mm is 800 mm long. The inlet gas rate is 0.15 kg moles/hr and exit gas contains 0.5% NH3 by volume. The average temperature is 20oC and the pressure is normal. The change in acid concentration may be neglected. (i) Calculate the value of absorption coefficient kg (ii) If the value of heat transfer coefficient is 50 k cal/hr m2 oC Estimate KG by equating JD and JH. Data for air CPm / K = 0.174 Cp = 0.24 for NH3 – air SC = 0.61. Value of PBM may be taken as unity.

3.

During the Batch Distillation of Binary mixture in a packed column, the product had 0.60 mole fraction of the more volatile component when the concentration in the still was 0.40 fraction. If the reflux ratio in the use was 20:1 and the vapour composition ‘y’ is related to the liquid composition ‘x’ by the equation Y = 1.25 x (x and y are mole fractions) Over the range of concentration concerned, find the number of plates?

4.

A fractionating column operating at 1 atm pressure is supplied at the optimum location with a saturated liquid feed containing 40 mole percent ethanol and 60 mole percent water. The column produces a saturated liquid overhead product containing 80 mole percent ethanol and a saturated liquid bottom product containing 20 mole percent ethanol. The reflux ratio is 2.0 find (i) The number of theoretical stages required to give the separation. (ii) The optimum feed plate location assuming 100 percent plate efficiency.

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Discuss the factors which must be considered in selecting a solvent for liquidliquid extraction?

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Explain the method of leaching vegetable oil seeds for extraction of Oil?

7.

Explain multistage counter current adsorption. Give some applications.

8.

Describe the types of equipment fox gas permeation membrane processes? ###

Set No Accounts

Obtain an expression for the steady state Equimolal counter diffusion of two gases ... 1. a) Write the fick's law of diffusion for 'Z' direction. What is the significance ...

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