Wastes are things that we no longer use and would throw away. Domestic Waste

Organic Wastes

Chemical Wastes

glass bottles

leftover food

toxic chemicals

aluminium cans

decaying fruits

bio-hazard waste

plastic containers

bones

exhaust from vehicles

paper and cardboard

dried leaves and branches

toxic gases from factories

food residues

carcasses

fertilisers and pesticides residues

Biodegradable wastes

can be broken down or decayed by microorganisms

examples

the process of decaying known as decomposition

vegetables and fruits waste

wood waste

paper and cardboard waste

dried leaves and branches

carcasses

cow dung

NonBiodegradable wastes

cannot be broken down or decayed by microorganisms

examples

they do not react and dissolve easily on the soil

glass bottles

plastic containers

styrofoam (polystyrene) containers

aluminium cans

Sources of Waste Materials organic waste and others

Domestic / Households

sewage

smoke, soot and toxic gases

Factories

chemical substances

toxic gases and smoke

Open Burning

ashes

pesticides residues

Agriculture

fertilisers residues

oil spills

Shipping

greenhouse gas emissions

exhaust fumes

Motor Vechicles

toxic gas and lead particles

coal sludge

Mining

gold mine tailings disposal

Improper waste management leads to...

air pollution

water pollution

land pollution

acidic gases from factories dissolve in rainwater to form acid rain

polluted water contains chemicals can kill aquatic lives

dirty and smelly surroundings and encourages the spread of diseases

human who drink polluted water can be infected with diseases

wastes thrown into the drains may block drains and cause flash floods during a heavy downpour

large amount of smoke particles and dust in the air may result in haze and haze results in respiratory and other serious diseases

Proper Waste Disposal

Catalytic converter is a device incorporated in the exhaust system of a motor vehicle, containing a catalyst for converting pollutant gases into less harmful ones.

Bury waste that can decay in soil.

Sort out your garbage before dumping for materials that can be recycled.

The gases should be passed through various absorbents and purifiers that reduce the contamination and make them less dangerous.

Dispose of solid waste in landfills. A landfill, also known as a rubbish dump, is a site for the disposal of waste by burial.

Burn solid waste in incinerators. An incinerator is an enclosed area that burns wastes under controlled condition.

Treat waste materials from factories before disposing of them.

Typical Method of Waste Disposal in Housing Area

Domestic waste from home place in rubbish bins.

Rubbish trucks collect rubbish from home.

Rubbish disposed at landfills (buried) or burnt in incinerator.

Benefits of Reduce, Reuse, Recycle

conservation (protecting) of raw materials and energy

reduction of garbage

keeps the local and global environment clean

Benefits of Composting

reduces the volume of garbage needlessly sent to landfills

reduces trash costs and compost returns nutrients to reduces the need to the soil and helps clean purchase chemical fertilizers contaminated soil

If Waste Do Not Decompose

waste will accumulate and increase in amount

nutrients cannot be returned to the soil

increase in pests that carry and spread more humans will be microorganisms to infected by diseases humans