Round table discussion on sustainable agriculture Jan.19,2016 ,Bhubneshwar As prescribed by the organizer I am sending my views on possible aspects of discussion in the three major themes. 1.Codification of sustainable agriculture practices : (i)while discussion the factors for sustainability we need to discuss triggering factors that are responsible for unsustainability . For example tractor,monoculture and exploitive/market oriented mentality promotes to use chemicals

and like that many more factors. The ready to use

mentally developed in farmer during green revolution is also need changes. If these trigging factors are not removed the whole strategy for sustainability will not give results upto the expectation. It is similar to Diabetes- a lifestyle disorder , we may do exercise, take medicine and no sugar intake but keep body and mind in stress – no desirable control of sugar level. (ii) We can’t follow any western model of sustainability because our 70% population depends on Agri. As against less than 10% in EU/US and also big farms, temperate conditions etc. therefore, we have to develop our own models and must incorporate time tested traditional wisdom.In the whole process of developing sustainable model we must consider nature’s capacity of restoration/regeneration. (iii) There may be components like seed, water, livestock, trees and many more as per the agro ecology but more important is there efficient use+ recycling and a complimentary system. Plenty of research has been done on intensive irrigated agriculture but yet to be done on integrated system with annual+ perennial+ animal in both irrigated and drylands.Producing more-never leads to sustainability rather quality production with grading and primary processing, better storage at farm level may help in economic viability and better use of resources. 2. Replication of sustainable agriculture practices (SAP) There may be basic principles and practices of SAP but techniques must be location specific. Just take one example of good quality compost – in my experience some places/ farmers conditions-pit composting better, somewhere vermicomposting better and so on. We need to be sincerely think about negative effects of a sustainable yet non suitable technology and I am taking a typical example of vermicomposting that is promoting by all agencies all over India like a panacea without considering the water quality and availability, labour engagement, proper care, climate etc. And we never gives option to farmer so once vermicomposting failsfarmer again come to zero and start use of raw sun dried dung. The technology must be 1. Suitable to agro-climatic zone and 2.Costomised for farmers conditions with some alternate/options.

3. Common vocabulary across different approaches : Every system have specific identity to make it brand e.g. organic= no chemical , natural= all depends on nature/least disturbance, zero= no external input, sustainable= efficient use of resources to maintain long term productivity, homa= perform home or agnihotra, biodynamic= use lunar energy and so on and it look that agriculture become complete when we must integrate basic principles/practices of all of these good brands. In case we try to make a new brand name, next year somebody may come with new name as everybody has desire to be a brand. In that case we must define agriculture and its

principals only-

what is the aim,

objectives and mandate of agriculture e.g. to provide food to all and livelihood to farmer for long term basis. One such possible name is LIVING FARMING i.e. that provide life to farmer+ soil+ consumer( take care of environment & health) and livelihood to all stakeholders on a long term basis. There may be somemore points that I will present in the brainstorming session. With best wishes ArunK.Sharma Sr Scientist- organic farming Jodhpur-Rajasthan

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