USO0RE38558E1

(19) United States (12) Reissued Patent

(45) Date of Reissued Patent:

Emanuele et al. (54) POLYOXYPROPYLENE/

4,764,567 4,801,452 4,837,014 4,837,083 4,873,083 4,879,109 4,897,263 4,937,070 4,997,644 5,017,370 5,028,599 5,030,448 5,032,394 5,039,520 5,041,288

POLYOXYETHYLENE COPOLYMERS WITH IMPROVED BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY

(75) Inventors: R. Martin Emanuele, Alpharetta, GA (US); Robert L. Hunter, Bellaire, TX

(US); Paula H. Culbreth, Loganville, GA (US)

(73) Assignee: CytRX Corporation, Los Angeles, CA

(Us) (21) Appl. No.: 09/460,298 (22) Filed:

Dec. 9, 1999

(60)

5,696,298

EP EP EP EP

Dec. 9, 1997

Appl. No.:

08/460,192

Filed:

Jun. 2, 1995

Division of application No. 08/087,136, ?led on Jul. 2, 1993, now Pat. No. 5,523,492, which is a continuation of appli cation No. 07/847,874, ?led on Mar. 13, 1992, now aban

doned, which is a continuation-in-part of application No. 07/673,289, ?led on Mar. 19, 1991, now abandoned.

(51)

Int. Cl? ....................... .. c07c 43/02; c07c 43/04;

(52)

US. Cl. ...................................... .. 568/623; 568/624

(58)

Field of Search ..

covc 43/11

(56)

U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS A A A A A

4/1954 9/1958 4/1961 5/1962 5/1963

Lundsted Buckwalter et al. Lundsted Jackson Stone

3,140,232 A

7/1964 Noseworthy

3,228,834 A 3,391,196 A

1/1966 Gans 7/1968 Earing et al.

3,450,502 A 3,577,522 A 3,590,125 A

6/1969 Hymes 5/1971 Hymes 6/1971 Hymes

3,641,240 3,740,421 3,867,521 3,867,533 3,956,259 3,980,772 4,073,886 4,100,271 4,104,455 RE29,909 4,179,337 4,186,253 4,195,167

A A A A A A A A A E A A A

4,275,244 A

2/1972 6/1973 2/1975 2/1975 5/1976 9/1976 2/1978 7/1978 8/1978 2/1979 12/1979 1/1980 3/1980

Ott Hunter Hunter Hunter Hunter Hunter Hunter Hunter Hunte Hunter Hunter Hunter Hunter Hunter Hunter

et et et et

al. al. al. al.

et al.

JP JP JP SU W0 W0 W0 W0

0000704 0003399 0049422 0098110

33193/70 5094 206763/88 1183112 WO 87/06831 WO 87/06836 WO 88/06038 WO 90/07336

A1 A3 A3 A3

2/1979 9/1979 4/1982 1/1984

10/1970 1/1979 8/1988 10/1985 11/1987 11/1987 8/1988 7/1990

OTHER PUBLICATIONS

....... .. 568/623, 624

References Cited

2,674,619 2,854,378 2,979,528 3,036,118 3,089,818

8/1988 1/1989 6/1989 6/1989 10/1989 11/1989 1/1990 6/1990 3/1991 5/1991 7/1991 7/1991 7/1991 8/1991 8/1991

FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS

Reissue of:

Issued:

A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A

Jul. 20, 2004

(List continued on neXt page.)

Related US. Patent Documents

(64) Patent No.:

US RE38,558 E

(10) Patent Number:

Hymes et al. Schmolka Miskel et al. Schmolka Garcia et al. Ginger et al. Kehm Krezanoski Nagasawa et al. KurtZ Davis et al. Yokoyama et al. Knopf et al.

6/ 1981 Helfert et al.

Schmolka, L., “A Review Of Block Polymer Surfactants”, Journal of theAmerican Oil Chemists Society, 54, No. 3, pp.

110—116 (1977). Block and Graft CopolymeriZation, vol. 2, (ed. by R]. Ceresa, John Wiley & Sons, 1976) “The Applications of Block Copolymer Polyol Surfactants”, L. G. Lundsted and I. R. Schmolka; pp. 174 through 205 and pp. 255—272

(references). Reindorf, C.A., et al., “Per?uorocarbon Compounds: Effects on the Rheological Properties of Sickle Erythrocytes in vitro”, American Journal of Hematology, vol. 19, pp.

229—236 (1985). (List continued on neXt page.)

Primary Examiner—Paul F. Shaver

(74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm—Andy Arismendi, Jr.

(57)

ABSTRACT

The present invention comprises novel preparations of

polyoXypropylene/polyoXyethylene copolymers which retain the therapeutic activity of the commercial preparations, but are substantially free from the undesirable effects which are inherent in the prior art preparations.

Because the preparations of polyoXypropylene/

polyoXyethylene copolymers which comprise the present

4,305,922 A 4,378,347 A 4,395,393 A

12/1981 Rhodes 3/1983 Franco 7/1983 Schmolka

invention are a less polydisperse population of molecules

4,407,790 4,600,652 4,606,918 4,609,546

10/1983 Oakes et al. 7/1986 Solomon et al. 8/1986 Allison et al.

better de?ned and more predictable.

A A A A

9/ 1986 Hiratani

than the prior art polyoXypropylene/polyoXyethylene

copolymers, the biological activity of the copolymers is 16 Claims, 20 Drawing Sheets

US RE38,558 E Page 2

5,047,236 5,057,540 5,064,643 5,071,649 5,078,995 5,080,894 5,089,260 5,114,708 5,183,687 5,198,211 5,250,294 5,294,365 5,340,916

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9/1991 10/1991 11/1991 12/1991 1/1992 1/1992 2/1992 5/1992 2/1993 3/1993 10/1993 3/1994 8/1994

5,371,253 A

12/1994 Cooper

5,523,492 A 5,596,059 A

Hunter et al. Kensil et al. Hunter et al. Hunter Hunter et al. Hunter et al. Hunter et al. Hunter et al. Hunter et al. Hunter et al. Hunter et al. Welch et al. Henn et al.

*

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1299—1304 (1982). Rodeheaver, G.T., “Pluronic® F—68: A Promising NeW Skin Wound Cleanser”, Ann Emerg Med, 9:11, pp. 572—576

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Lane, T.A., et al., “Reduction in the Toxicity of a component of an arti?cial blood substitute by supercritical ?uid frac

tionation”, Transfusion, vol. 28, pp. 375—378 (1987). Lane, T.A., et al., Paralysis of phagocyte migration due to an arti?cial blood substitute, Blood, vol. 64, pp. 400—405

(1984). Spiess, B.D., et al., “Protection from cerebral air emboli

With per?uorocarbons in rabbits”, Stroke, vol. 17, pp. 1146—1149 (1986). Kanter, K.R., et al., “Superiority of per?uorocarbon car dioplegia over blood or crystalloid cardioplegia”, Circula

tion, vol. 64, pp. II—75—II—80 (1981). Harjula, A., et al., “Per?uorocarbon solution as a myocardial

preservative”, J. Applied Cardiology, vol. 2, pp. 121—136

(1987). Tokioka, M.D., et al., “Effects of intracoronary infusion of arterial blood or Fluosol—DA 20% on regional myocardial

metabolism and function during brief coronary artery occlu

sions”, Laboratory Investigation, vol. 75, pp. 473—481

(1987). Forman, M.B., et al., “Reduction of infarct siZe With intra coronary per?uorochemical in a canine preparation of rep

erfusion”, Circulation, vol. 71, pp. 1060—1068 (1985). Forman, M.B., et al., “Bene?cial long—term effect of intra

(1971).

coronary per?uorochemical on infarct siZe and ventricular

Hoie, J ., et al., “Effects of Pluronic® F—68, Poloralkol, On

function in a canine reperfusion model”, J. Am. Col. of

Vascular Resistance In Vivo”, Journal of Surgical Research, vol. 11, pp. 515—517, (1971). Grover, F.L., et al., “A Nonionic Surfactant And Blood

Viscosity”, Arch. Surg., vol. 106, pp. 307—310 (1973). Grover, F.L., et al., “The Effect of Pluronic® F—68 On

Circulatory Dynamics And Renal And Carotid Artery FloW

Cardiol., pp. 1082—1090 (May, 1987). Goodman, R.L., et al., “Per?uorocarbon emulsions in cancer

therapy: preliminary observations on presently available formulations”, Int. J. Radiation Oncology Biol. Phys., vol. 10, pp. 1421—1424 (1984). Grover et al., “A Nonionic Surfactant and Blood Viscosity—

During Hemorrhagic Shock”, Journal of Surgical Research,

Experimental Observations,” Arch. Surg., vol. 106, pp.

vol. 17, pp. 30—35 (1974). Ketchum, L.D., et al., “Experimental Use Of Pluronic®

307—310 (Mar. 1973).

F—68 In Microvascular Surgery”, Plastic and Reconstructive

Connaghan et al., “Speci?c Identi?cation of Fibrin Poly mers, Fibrinogen Degradation Products, and Crosslinked

Surgery, vol. 53, pp. 288—292 (1974). Ketchum, L.D., “Pharmacological alterations in the clotting

Fibrin Degradation Products in Plasma and Serum With a

NeW Sensitive Technique,” Blood, vol. 65, No. 3, pp.

mechanism: Use in microvascular surgery”, Journal of Hand Surgery, vol. 3, pp. 407—415 (1978).

Atkinson et al., “Iontransport mediated by copolymers com

Vasko, K. A., et al., “Poloxalkol® (Pluronic F—68): A priming solution for cardiopulmonary bypass”, Trans. Am. Soc. Artif. Int. Organs, 18, pp. 526—531 (1972).

posed of polyoxyethylene and polyoxypropylene.” The American Physiological Society, 0363—6143/88, pp. C20—C26 (1988).

589—597 (Mar. 1985).

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Wiman et al., “Determination of Soluble Fibrin in Plasma by

Hunter et al., Increased Whole Blood Viscosity during

a Rapid and Quantitative Spectrophotometric Assay,” Thrombosis and Haemostasis, F.K. Schattauer Verlag GmbH

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(Stuttgart) 55 (2), pp. 18—193 (1986).

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287—300 (1986).

pp. 1217—1222 (Aug. 15, 1970).

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1973). MeZroW et al., “Poloxamer 188 improves neurologic out come after hypothermic circulatory arrest,” J. Thorac. Car

diovas. Surg., vol. 103, No. 6, pp. 1143—1146 (Jun., 1992). Nagata et al., “Clinical Evaluation on the Effect of Polox amer 188 on the Hemolysis during Cardiopulmonary

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Jan. 16, 1982. *abstract only*. Schick, M.J., Non—ionic Surfactants, Marcel Dekker Inc., NeW York, pp. 893—920 (1967). Per?urochemical Blood Substitute, Technical Information Ser. No. 5, Jun. 30, 1978, Revised, Jul. 1, 1981, Manufac

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turer: The Green Cross Corporation. Benner, K.U., et al., “Uber die Wirkung von Pluronic®

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chemistry & Physiology, vol. 41, pp. 211—217 (1963).

einem

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(1970). Byars, N.E., et al. “Adjuvant formulation for use in vaccines to elicit both cell—mediated and humoral immunity,” Vac

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9, pp. 257—265 (Apr. 1991). National Institute of Health, Final Report: Supercritical

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tion related to the Structure of Triblock and Octablock

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54, p. 478 (Oct. 1974).

(1989). “Nissan Plonon Tokushu Kobunshi Kaimen Kassei Zai

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(phonetically)”, Nippon Oil & Fats Co.’s catalog issued Apr., 1980.

* cited by examiner

Brooks, et al, “Rheology of blood cells,” Dept. of Pathology and Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, pp. 73—96, 1985.

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