Polyglot Build System With Build Artifact Repository When in Rome, do as the Romans do. Each development language/compiler choice tends to come with its own ecosystem. Rather than spend a lot of energy forcing everything into a single ecosystem it is frequently more practical to allow each tool-chain to be somewhat independent. Having a single build system that worked perfectly in every ecosystem with zero maintenance effort would be ideal, but that is not the world we live in. In practice one must balance the benefits of a limited number of ecosystems against the benefits of leveraging the pre-existing tooling native to each respective ecosystem.

Java Build System Good Candidates: · Gradle · Maven · Ant with Ivy

Build Artifact Repository Manager

Maven Repo Layout

PyPI Repo Layout

NuGet Repo Layout

.NET Build System

Python Build System Good Candidates: · Python Distribute with Defend Against Fruit continuous deployment extension

Good Candidates: · MSBuild with NuGet

Build Orchestration System Good Candidates: · Python · Ant · Gradle?

Good Repository Manager Candidates: · Artifactory · Nexus

Important Considerations: · Existing knowledge base within a team.

Other Repo Layouts

Important Considerations: · Try to use a single repository manager for all layouts to help minimize total cost of ownership. Artifactory and Nexus have some level of support for multiple layouts.

MATLAB Good Candidates: · MATLAB command line tools with a bit of Ant/Ivy and/or Python mixed in. · Pure Ant with Ivy · Python mixed with Ant/Ivy.

Workflow Language Good Candidates: · Native workflow tool-chain

Terminology Definitions (page 1 of 2) General Terms Build Artifact: Any output of a build system. This is typically a compiled binary, but it could also include generated source code, generated documentation, a ZIP file of the original source code, and debugging symbol files. It is our contention that the responsibility for archiving any build artifacts is the responsibility of a build artifact repository, not a source control repository. Original Source Code: The embodiment of a human developer’s original expression of intent. Typical examples include hand-coded C/C++, hand-coded Python, hand-coded Java, and MATLAB model files. It is our contention that only original source code should be kept in a source control repository. Source Control Repository: A system used to organize, archive and track changes to original source code. Typical examples include ClearCase, Subversion and Git. Build Artifact Repository: A system used to organize and archive various revisions of published build artifacts. Typical examples include Maven repositories and Python’s PyPI repositories. Build Artifact Repository Manager: A system which facilitates hosting multiple in-house build artifact repositories. Features typically include support for access control and interweaving results from multiple internal and external artifact repositories in a configurable precedence order. Examples include Artifactory (http://www.jfrog.com/home/) and Nexus (http://www.sonatype.org/nexus/). Continuous Integration: The practice of merging all developer changes on a very frequent basis and ensuring the resulting merged code continues to work as expected. This practice ensures problems are caught quickly and also ensures the entire development team has a self-consistent single source of truth at all times. Continuous integration can be implemented through manual or automated means. Continuous Integration Server: A system which automates the continual execution build systems within a set of uniform environments. Typical examples include TeamCity (http://www.jetbrains.com/teamcity/), Bamboo (http:// www.atlassian.com/software/bamboo/overview), and Jenkins (http://jenkins-ci.org/). Integrated Development Environment: A fancy editor for source code that typically incorporates debugging support and many other features to make editing source code easier. Examples include IntelliJ (http://www.jetbrains.com/idea/) and Visual Studio (http://www.microsoft.com/visualstudio). Polyglot: Speaking, written in, or composed of several languages.

Repository Layouts Maven Repository: The build artifact repository layout introduced in Maven 2. Most Java build tools incorporating a build artifact repository understand how to read from and publish to a Maven repository layout. This includes Maven, Ivy, and Gradle. (Details at: http://docs.codehaus.org/display/MAVEN/Repository+Layout+-+Final Example at: http://search.maven.org/#browse) PyPI Repository: Repository layout used by the Python tooling. The reference implementation for this layout is the “Python Package Index” at http://pypi.python.org. Although Python Distribute and PIP look at the central Python Package Index by default, they can both be pointed at any internal or external repository that has the same structure. (Details at: http://pypi.python.org/pypi) Ivy Repository: Repository layout that can be configured to differ from the standard Maven repository structure. This could be useful if we discover the Maven structure is insufficient for the more complex needs of storing C/C++ build artifacts. (Details at: http://ant.apache.org/ivy/history/latest-milestone/resolver/url.html)

Terminology Definitions (Page 2 of 2) Programming Languages/Platforms Python: Dynamic cross-platform interpreted scripting language. The language features of Python are very similar to those of Perl and Ruby. Java: Type-safe object oriented system language and toolset typically used for authoring large complex middleware systems. A great number of the software craftsmanship practices and tools promoted by agile practitioners were first made popular within the Java ecosystem. .NET: A family of Microsoft supported languages and tools. C# is the dominate system language on the .NET platform. At this point in time most Java based tools have equivalents on the .NET platform. C/C++: Ubiquitous low level systems programming languages. A great deal of embedded software systems are written in C and C++. MATLAB: A high-level language and interactive environment for numerical computation, visualization, and programming.

Build Systems Python Distribute: Set of Python tools for packaging and distributing Python code. Python’s easyinstall, Python Package Installer(PIP), Python Distribute and DistUtils are all tightly related. (Details at: http://guide.python-distribute.org/) Ant: An older mature Java build system somewhat similar to make. Ant was the 1st generation build tool for Java. (Details at: http://ant.apache.org) Maven: A very mature Java build system that first introduced the concept of a build artifact repository with transitive dependency management. Relying on convention over configuration is a central design principle of Maven. Maven was the 2nd generation build tool for Java. (Details at: http://maven.apache.org) Gradle: One of several 3rd generation build tools for Java. Gradle and its competitors continue to incorporate the concept of a build artifact repository with transitive dependency management. Gradle also continues to emphasize convention over configuration. (Details at: http://www.gradle.org) Ivy: A set of Ant tasks which support interacting with a build artifact repository, including support for transitive dependency management. Ivy remains a good choice if you are looking for build artifact repository support but nothing more. (Details at: http://ant.apache.org/ivy/) MSBuild: Microsoft’s .NET build system. The design of MSBuild is more similar to Ant than Maven. (Details at: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/vstudio/dd393574.aspx) NuGet: Provides library management support within a .NET ecosystem. NuGet has recently been extended to support dependency management functionality comparable to that of Maven. (Details at: http://docs.nuget.org/docs/workflows/using-nuget-without-committing-packages)

Polyglot Build System With Build Artifact Repository - GitHub

Maven Repository: The build artifact repository layout introduced in Maven 2. ... (Details at: http://ant.apache.org/ivy/history/latest-milestone/resolver/url.html).

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