2016 IEDRC PENANG CONFERENCES ABSTRACT
Penang, Malaysia 9-10 January 2016
Sponsored and Published by
Indexed by
http://www.iedrc.org/
TABLE OF CONTENTS PUBLICATION INFORMATION 1
PROGRAMME OVERVIEW 2
INSTRUCTIONS FOR ORAL PRESENTATIONS 3
KEYNOTE SPEAKERS 4
KEYNOTE SPEECHES 7
AUTHORS PRESENTATIONS Session One: IC4E 11 Session Two: ICEMM and ICGLC 15
LISTENERS 18
CONFERENCE VENUE 21
CALL FOR PAPERS 22
2016 IEDRC PENANG CONFERENCES ABSTRACT
WELCOME Accepted papers for the Penang programme will be published on the following journal:
2016 5th International Conference on Government, Law and Culture (ICGLC 2016) International Proceedings of Economics Development and Research (IPEDR) ISSN: 2010-4626 DOI: 10.7763/IPEDR Indexed by: CNKI, DOAJ, WorldCat, Google Scholar, Ulrich's Periodicals Directory, Crossref, and Engineering & Technology Digital Library
2016 7th International Conference on E-Education, E-Business, E-Management and E-Learning (IC4E 2016) International Journal of e-Education, e-Business, e-Management and e-Learning (IJEEEE) ISSN: 2010-3654 DOI: 10.17706/IJEEEE Indexed by: Engineering & Technology Digital Library, Google Scholar, Electronic Journals Library, QUALIS, ProQuest, EI (INSPEC, IET)
2016 5th International Conference on Economics Marketing and Management (ICEMM 2016) Journal of Economics, Business and Management (JOEBM) ISSN: 2301-3567 DOI: 10.18178/JOEBM Indexed by: DOAJ, Engineering & Technology Library, Electronic Journals Library, Ulrich's Periodicals Directory, MESLibrary, Google Scholar, Crossref, and ProQuest.
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2016 IEDRC PENANG CONFERENCES ABSTRACT
IEDRC PENANG CONFERENCE PROGRAMME 9-10 January 2016, Penang, Malaysia Hotel Sentral Seaview, Penang
Day 1: 9 January 2016 Lobby
10:00-12:30 13:30-17:00
Registration
Day 2: 10 January 2016 Opening Remarks
9:10-9:15
Dr. Yip Mum Wai, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Malaysia Keynote Speech 1 9:15-10:00
Dr. Ahmad R. Songip, Universti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia Titile: Break the Pattern – the Science of Value Creations
10:00-10:30
Coffee break & Group Photo
9:10-12:00 Teratai & Foyer 11th Floor
Keynote Speech 2 10:30-11:15
Dr. Yip Mum Wai, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Malaysia Titile: Success Factors of TRIZ Implementation in Organizations Keynote Speech 3
11:15-12:00
Restaurant
Teratai & Foyer 11th Floor
Restaurant
Prof. Ananda Kumar Palaniappan, University of Malaya, Malaysia Title: Creative Teaching for diversity
Lunch Horizon Cafe (1st Floor)
12:00-13:30
13:30-17:45
13:30-15:30
Session 1: IC4E 8 papers
15:30-16:00
Coffee break
16:00-17:45
Session 2: ICEMM and ICGLC 7 papers
Dinner Horizon Cafe (1st Floor)
18:30
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2016 IEDRC PENANG CONFERENCES ABSTRACT
Instructions for Oral Presentations
Devices Provided by the Conference Organiser: Laptops (with MS-Office & Adobe Reader) Projectors & Screen Laser Sticks Materials Provided by the Presenters: Power Point or PDF files. Files shall be copied onto the Conference Computer at the beginning of each Session. It is suggested that a copy should be uploaded online in hour of need. Duration of each Presentation (Tentatively): 15 Minutes including Q&A Duration of each Keynote Speech (Tentatively): 45 Minutes including Q&A In order to encourage student authors and presenters, it would be very much appreciated if participants could attend the whole programme.
REGISTRATION: 9 JANUARY 2016 (SATURDAY) Hotel Sentral Seaview, Penang Item
Time
Place
10:00-12:30 Arrival and Registration
13:30-17:00
Lobby
(1) Your paper ID will be needed for the registration. (2) You can also register at any time during the conference. (3) Certificate of Participation can be collected at the registration counter. (4) The organiser won't provide accommodation; and we suggest you make an early reservation. (5) One Best Oral Presentation will be selected from each session. The Certificate will be awarded at the end of each session.
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2016 IEDRC PENANG CONFERENCES ABSTRACT
KEYNOTE SPEAKER
Dr. Ahmad R. Songip Innovation Management, Management of Technology Department, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology (MJIIT), Universti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia
Prof. Ahmad is a Professor in Innovation Management at the Management of Technology Department, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology (MJIIT), UTM Kuala Lumpur since May 2012. Currently he heads the Marketing Team of MJIIT with the aim to quantum leap the MJIIT’s brand capital in the market place. He is also a Consultant in Breaking Pattern at Uni-Technology Sdn. Bhd. (UTSB), the consulting arm of UTM. Prof. Ahmad was the Founding Director of UTM Transformation & Risk Management, UTM (2010-2013). He was also a member of the UTM Central Executive Committee and a member in the UTM Board of Director Sub-Committee on UTM Enterprise Risk Management. Prof. Ahmad was formerly the Director of the Academic Program at Business Advanced Technology Center (2002-2005), managing the whole value chain of the unique Experience Based Learning (EBL) Programs at BATC. The EBL provides an alternative to the working population who did not have the opportunity to go through the normal academic and skill-based education channels. EBL starts with the Executive Development and re-GEneration (EDGE) Program and continuing up to the highest Engineering Doctorate level.
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2016 IEDRC PENANG CONFERENCES ABSTRACT
KEYNOTE SPEAKER
Dr. Yip Mum Wai Division of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Malaysia
Dr Yip Mum Wai was born in Penang, Malaysia in 1973. Dr. YIP holds a Diploma in Materials Engineering and MSc in Manufacturing Systems Engineering from University of Warwick, United Kingdom. In 2008, he was awarded an Engineering Doctorate in Engineering Business Management (specialized in Knowledge Management) from Business Advanced Technology Centre, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia. Dr. YIP is an Associate Dean of Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College. He is a certified Train the Trainer of PBSM Malaysia, TRIZ Practitioner with Level II certified, certified Knowledge Management Facilitator and Practitioner, Senior Member of International Association of Computer Science and Information (IACSIT), Senior Member of IEDRC and member of Malaysia TRIZ Innovation Association (MyTRIZ). Dr.Yip is very keen and specialized in TRIZ, Knowledge Management (KM), Quality Management (QM), and Strategy Management (SM). Dr. Yip has experiences in conducting professional training (in house and public programs) such as Knowledge Management (KM), Quality Management (ISO 9001, ISO 17025), Total Productive Maintenance (TPM), Lean Manufacturing, 5S, TRIZ, effective communication skills, leadership skills, team building, customer service excellence for many corporations in Malaysia. Currently, he is an advisor for Zheng Yang Steel Works Sdn. Bhd. Dr. Yip has a lot of experience in research. His research areas include Knowledge Management. TRIZ, Strategy Management, Innovation Management and Materials Science and Engineering. He is given a grant by Ministry of Higher Learning Institution to conduct a research in the implementation of Knowledge Management (KM) in SME in Malaysia. Besides, he has presented many papers in the field of engineering management especially in KM in many international conferences in China and Indonesia. He is also a reviewer, editorial board member and keynote speaker for International Journals and International Conferences.
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2016 IEDRC PENANG CONFERENCES ABSTRACT
KEYNOTE SPEAKER
Prof. Ananda Kumar Palaniappan Faculty of Education, University of Malaya, Malaysia
Professor Dr. Ananda Kumar Palaniappan is an Educational Psychologist at the Faculty of Education, University of Malaya. He obtained his doctorate in Creativity from University of Malaya in 1994. He specializes in Creative & Innovative Thinking, Organizational Creativity and Creative Problem Solving. Dr. Ananda also lectures in Research Methods and Statistics and has been conducting SPSS and AMOS workshops since 1995 for both academic and non-academic researchers in both public and private organizations. He has also conducted workshops and presented papers on Creativity for numerous groups including managers, magistrates, legal officers and educational administrators in Malaysia, Singapore, Hong Kong, Spain, UK and the United States of America. He has researched and published internationally on creativity and on the validation of several instruments He has published in many international journals including Perceptual and Motor Skills and Journal of Psychology. Dr. Ananda Kumar Palaniappan is a member of American Psychological Association (APA), American Creativity Association (ACA) and International Association of Cross-Cultural Psychology (IACCP).
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2016 IEDRC PENANG CONFERENCES ABSTRACT
CONFERENCE: MORNING, 10 JANUARY 2016 (SUNDAY) Venue: Teratai (11th Floor) Opening Remarks
09:10 09:15 Dr. Yip Mum Wai Division of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Malaysia Keynote Speech 1
Dr. Ahmad R. Songip
09:15 10:00
Innovation Management, Management of Technology Department, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology (MJIIT), Universti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia Break the Pattern – the Science of Value Creations Abstract: According to Merriam-Webster dictionary, one of the definitions of pattern is “the regular and repeated way in which something happens or is done”. There is an old saying that says, “if you keep doing the same old thing, you keep getting the same old results”. Hence, the only way for one to get a new result is to break the way things are done. This paper discusses the science that allows any person to break any pattern that would deliver value creations. It consists of two equations, i.e. Attitude = Resistance x Skills and Innovation = Creativity x Transformation Effort. The former equation is analogous to the Ohm’s Law of an electrical circuit, i.e. Voltage = Resistance x Current. Similar to voltage, attitude is the inner potential that pushes oneself to overcome one’s internal resistance. Comparable to the current that gives off the light, one’s skill
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2016 IEDRC PENANG CONFERENCES ABSTRACT
gives rise to successes of oneself and the organization that lead towards value creations. One of the most important attitudes in value creation is creativity. The latter equation suggests a simpler definition of innovation by using a mathematical equation that relates innovation with creativity and transformation effort. This formula is tested with independent published data on Global Innovation Index and Global Creativity Index for selected countries. The data fits well with the proposed mathematical equation, with R2 > 0.81. We have developed a framework to operationalize the above equations, called VACCINE (Value Creation Acceleration through Creativity and Innovation Experience). VACCINE is about facilitating organization to harvest the enormous but largely untapped human capital inside and outside the organization to create exceptional value. It focuses on the middle managers that have been identified as the future leaders to leverage massive cultural changes towards the creation of Innovation Culture that create value in the organization. Our most recent successes of VACCINE were with Kulim Berhad (a palm oil plantation company that is listed in Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange) and Universiti Malaysia Pahang (a local university in Malaysia). VACCINE has generated an additional net revenue of RM30 million (US$7 million) in Kulim and a saving of RM10 million (US$2.3 million) and generation of additional gross revenues of RM93 million (US$ 22 million) per year in Universiti Malaysia Pahang.
10:00 10:30
Coffee Break @ Foyer (11th Floor) Photo Session
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2016 IEDRC PENANG CONFERENCES ABSTRACT
Keynote Speech 2
Dr. Yip Mum Wai 10:30 11:15
Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Malaysia Success Factors of TRIZ Implementation in Organizations Abstract: Knowledge based economy has driven many organisations in Malaysia to recognize the importance of creativity and innovation management. Many innovation tools have been applied in order to sustain the creativity and innovation in an organisation. One of the innovation tools is Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (TRIZ). Many studies found that not all of the TRIZ initiatives were successful implemented in organisations. This was due to the lacking of culture of innovation, top management leadership and support in an organization. The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between the success factors, i.e. culture of innovation, top management leadership and support with the benefits of TRIZ. A case study of implementation of success factors of TRIZ will be presented.
Keynote Speech 3
11:15 12:00
Prof. Ananda Kumar Palaniappan Faculty of Education, University of Malaya, Malaysia Creative Teaching for diversity Abstract: Addressing diversity issues in educational contexts requires creative approaches and strategies. Often teachers are unable to address this aspect of their teaching. However, creative teachers, given their creative predispositions, might be better able to address these issues as they tend to generate more creative teaching approaches. Very few studies have investigated how
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2016 IEDRC PENANG CONFERENCES ABSTRACT
creative teachers address these issues in their various forms and across cultures. There is a need to address situations where some learners require more challenging tasks than others and also when learners are culturally diverse. Creative teachers may be best placed to address these issues since they would be better able to come up with creative teaching strategies. There may also be cultural differences in teaching strategies since teacher-learner interactions have been found to differ across cultures. In this study, creative lecturers in Malaysia and Thailand were first identified using student ratings. These lecturers were then observed in their classrooms and interviewed on how they addressed issues relating to providing equitable education and the creative strategies they employed. Focus group discussions with their learners were also held to triangulate the findings. Findings show that creative teachers address issues of equality and equity in six areas, namely, Resources, Teaching strategies, Assessment, Language, Activities and Open-mindedness. Creative teachers are able to creatively design or adapt resources and activities which the diverse students are free to choose according to their needs. They have a repertoire of teaching strategies to accommodate students’ learning styles and employ culturally responsive communication styles. Being open-minded, they allow a range of assessment approaches that cater to student diversity. Although Malaysian and Thai creative lecturers address equality and equity issues in similar areas, their approaches in executing these creative strategies differ. These findings suggest that it may be necessary for teacher educators in Malaysia and Thailand to look into these six areas which may help them to address equity and equality issues creatively among learners. This paper concludes with some recommendations for further research.
Lunch 12:00-13:30
Horizon Cafe (1st Floor)
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2016 IEDRC PENANG CONFERENCES ABSTRACT
AFTERNOON, 10 JANUARY 2016 (SUNDAY) SESSION–1 (IC4E) Venue: Teratai (11th Floor) Session Chair: Prof. Ananda Kumar Palaniappan Time: 13:30-15:30 *The time slots assigned here are only tentative. Presenters are recommended to stay for the whole session in case of any absence.
4E006
Determinants of Online Religious Service Acceptance: An Empirical Investigation JiaJane Shuai Minghsin Univ. of Science and Technology, Taiwan
13:30 13:45
4E003
Abstract: The purpose of this research aims to improve the understanding of what motivates individual users to use online religious services, and which factors affect those motivations, based on the theory of the technology acceptance model (TAM). The research examines the reasons for the success of these websites, as well as the reasons why the users accept the new religious media, in light of the cultural and social advantages that affect Internet religious use in Taiwan. The research model was tested by using the Partial Least Squares (PLS) technique. The results show that perceived usefulness is important in developing adoption intention. Religious experience and, computer experience have influences on the adoption intention through the mediating effect of perceived ease of use. The outcome of the research will be useful for online religious service providers and researchers interested in the topic of online religions.
Filipino Film-based Instructional Plan for Pre Service Education Students Leynard L. Gripal University of the Philippines, Philippines
13:45 14:00
Abstract: A Filipino film-based instructional plan was implemented in a pre service education class offered at a polytechnic college in Marikina City Philippines. Modified Dick & Reiser’s instructional plan and two films about Filipino school teachers were utilized in this study which is descriptive and quasi-experimental in nature. The qualitative measures include selection of film and effects of the created instructional plan. The quasi-experimental measures include implementation of the plan to the students. Simple student survey, post-survey of student’s feedback and focus group discussion feedback were used to analyze the study. The results stated that the films Munting Tining by Gil Portes and Mila by Joel Lamangan are good full length films that showed Filipino school teacher. A well-designed and –prepared Filipino film-based instructional plan that is based on the 1989 modified instructional plan by Dick & Reiser is a great aid in teaching pre-service education students. The created Filipino film-based instructional plan made impact to pre service education students.
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2016 IEDRC PENANG CONFERENCES ABSTRACT
4E004
Factors Affecting the E-Book Adoption Amongst Mathematics and Statistics Students at Universities in Libya: A Structural Equation Modelling Approach Asma Mohmead Smeda, Mohd Fairuz Shiratuddin, and Kok Wai Wong School of Engineering and Information Technology, Murdoch University, WA, Australia
14:00 14:15
4E008
Abstract: This paper investigates the factors affecting the acceptance of e-book amongst Mathematics and Statistics students at universities in Libya. Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) was used and extended by using five factors that may affect the acceptance of e-book among Mathematics and Statistics students. Three of these factors belong to external variables, which are related with infrastructure of universities and the characteristics of e-book such as accessibility, technical support and cost; the other two factors are classified from intrinsic variables which are related with users or potential users such as self-efficacy and social influence. A quantitative evaluation was utilized in this research leveraging subjective methods, such as survey where a distributed sample of 392 Mathematics and Statistics students at universities in Libya. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) were used to measure the model and to examine the hypotheses. The research hypotheses were examined by path analysis using the standardised coefficient, probability value and Critical Ratio. Based on the result, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and attitude are the strongest factors at all. Moreover, the intrinsic variables were important factors for predicting students’ behavioural intention adoption e-book among Mathematics and Statistics students at universities in Libya.
On Devising Objective e-Strategies to Improve Fairness in the Evaluation of Teaching Performance Zhuhan Jiang and Jiansheng Huang School of Computing, Engineering and Mathematics, University of Western Sydney, Australia
14:15 14:30
Abstract: Evaluation of teaching performance is largely a modern phenomenon, and its systematic study is very much limited and scarce in comparison to its counterpart that investigates the students’ learning performance. Since all evaluations on the teaching performance are meant to be utilized to enhance the attainment of the student goals, fairness in the evaluation by fair assessors can be crucial not only to the validity of the evaluation itself, but also to the ultimate fulfillment of the teaching and learning goals. This paper thus proposes a number of objective strategies, through the students’ efforts and behavioral patterns, that can be applied uniformly to all students and determine the extent of their being a fair assessor in evaluating their instructors. Such strategies will encourage the instructors to concentrate on their core role of getting the students to learn better rather than bending the principles from time to time to please the students for the sake of getting a better student evaluation.
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4E014
Physics Experiment and Evaluation Method Based Microcontroller Atmega and Microsoft Visual Studio Hendrik Surya Setiawan, Ervina Ria Agustin, and Sri Wahyuni Departemen of Physics Education, Universitas Jember, East Java, Indonesia
14:30 14:45
4E021
Abstract: Activities practicum is one of the methods that is in a process learning that can train student’s ability of cognitive, psychomotor, and affective. A long with the development of science and technology there are various media come that can amenable a learning process. Currently, most of educational institutions do the practicum is still using a conventional method. This article is designed by using the study literature method which aims to introduce a practicum method with media. Hopefully, the media are able to improve accuracy and conscientiousness in the process of observation. To support the learning process, the evaluation method used is also used the same media. Media are used in the form of a set of the electronic devices that is based microcontroller. Microcontroller is a chip in the form of IC that can receive input signals, process it and give output signals based on a program loaded into it. The function of microcontroller is as a microprocessor that read analogue data that is in practicum activities, translate it into digital data and then displayed on LCD screen computer until produce observation data effectively and efficiently. So do the evaluation process.
Development of Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI) Based Teaching Materials in Junior High School Sri Wahyuni Universitas Jember, East Java, Indonesia
14:45 15:00
Abstract: CAI-based teaching material is a material delivery system that incorporates multiple media learning. The interactive media is designed and programmed into a computerized system. Teaching materials in science that based on CAI system has been suggested to improve student’s learning outcome. The purpose of this study is to produce a CAI-based interactive teaching material, to describe students’ response after learning the CAI teaching materials, and to assess student’s learning outcome. The CAI teaching materials were developed in 4D designs. This study was carried out in the state middle school (MTs Bustanul Ulum) Panti Jember. Subject of the study were students at the seventh grade. Data were collected in interviews, documentation, logic validation, questionnaire and test. Expert validation on instruments was at 3.77 categories. Score of student’s learning outcome showed 76.5. The conclusion is a science teaching materials based on CAI can be used in junior high school.
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4E201
E-Learning in India: Wheel of change Arun Gaikwad and Vrishali Surndra Randhir Ness Wadia College of Commerce, Pune, Maharashtra, India
15:00 15:15
4E202
Abstract: E-learning activities are important for the development of any country. In modern era everybody is thinking about growth and Educational development. If it is planned properly then proper results will come. In this research paper development through E-learning in India is observed. If it planned properly then proper results will be affecting positively. In this research paper, we observed that E-learning is an effective tool for development of educational sector in India. E-Learning is learning, utilizing electronic technologies to access educational curriculum outside of a traditional classroom. In most cases, it refers to a course, program or degree delivered completely online. The basic objective of this research paper is to understand concept of E-learning and to examine the type of E-learning. It also summarizes several opinions regarding the comparison between traditional learning and modern learning technique. The modern method in teaching and learning are useful for development of education sector in Indian context. The research paper focused on classroom learning and E-Learning in India as a main wheel of development of education.
Impact of system quality on users’ satisfaction in Continuation of the use of e-learning system Abdulhakim Elmoawe Dreheeb, Nurlida Basir, and Norasikin Fabil University Science Islam Malaysia, Malaysia
15:15 15:30
Abstract: The e-learning is a future education that would substitute to the traditional learning, which overcomes the spatial and temporal limitations. The e-learning field growth rapidly in the recently years due to its importance in the private and public sectors. This paper focuses on the system quality of e-learning. The e-learning system depends on the quality to be successful and the real success is sustained usage. The users of e-learning system will stop using such system if the quality is poor, where often the users reject the system unless they try it, where the intentions of continuing using the system are still weak. There are several attributes and functionalities that can have an impact on the use of e-learning based on user perspective, such as are usability, reliability and efficiency. These quality attributes are used to reflect the quality of the software product. The intended objective of this study is to develop an appropriate model for e-learning to satisfy the users from the side of using the e-learning system, where carried the discussion of twenty-four model with thirty attributes. Finally, the result of this study adopted the process of structural equation model which indicated that the hypotheses have positive relations.
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Coffee Break 15:30-16:00
Foyer (11th Floor)
SESSION–2 (ICEMM and ICGLC) Venue: Teratai (11th Floor) Session Chair: Dr. Ahmad R. Songip Time: 16:00-17:45 *The time slots assigned here are only tentative. Presenters are recommended to stay for the whole session in case of any absence.
G001
When Divine Love Overtakes Love: Religious Conversion and the Family in Malaysia Myengkyo Seo
16:00 16:15
Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Seoul, Korea
G004
Language, Gender and Identity in Legal Settings Masako Mouri
16:15 16:30
Kansai Gaidai University, Osaka, Japan
Abstract: This research analyses how religious conversion contests the boundaries among religion, the family, and the state in Malaysia. Although the sociologists of religion have dedicated efforts to issues between conversion and the family, their research in principle sees conversion as a personal choice without considering the state’s potential intervention in conversion-family matters. This study looks at the debates sprang from the Administration of the Religion of Islam Bill 2013, which allows one parent to convert children younger than 18 years old without consulting the other parent. What makes the issue more complicated is the timing of the event; a parent converts the child at the end of connubiality. This study seeks to bring forward a discussion of religion, the family, and the state, not only how the family becomes the entrance to a religion, but also how conversion may complete the break-up of the family through a national legal system.
Abstract: Japan has encountered various types of crimes by foreign nationals in addition to globalization. It is, however, difficult to find interpreters who speak the native languages of the suspects because the number of represented countries and nationalities has increased. They cannot have interpreters with their native languages, and in the case of those who cannot have interpreters with their native languages, they must have interpreters who speak their second/third language, such as English; however, it is difficult or impossible in legal settings because they do not understand the legal terms in English. The suspects with less frequently spoken languages must use English, although they have not received adequate education to understand the legal terms. This paper focuses on the challenges and the problems that legal interpreters have previously faced and discusses the need to educate legal professionals concerning the likely countermeasures for maintaining fairness for all nationals.
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G005 16:30 16:45
Women Empowerment after Tsunami Disaster by P2TP2A Program for Aceh Development (Case Study in Aceh Province, Indonesia) Muhadam Labolo, Zulkarnaen, Prima Agung Palupi, Mughny Ibtisyam Rumbia Institute Of Local Government Affairs, Indonesia Abstract: Women are an integral part of a public entity. Development by the government must take to involve the role of women. The term of women in Aceh after the tsunami disaster in 2004 very bad. Low quality of education, lack of productivity and weak economic capacity are the problems of Acehnese women now. This condition then inviting the government to launch a strategic program which is Pusat Pelayanan Terpadu Pemberdayaan Perempuan dan Anak (P2TP2A)/ Center Service for Empowerment Women’s and Child in the aim of giving the empowerment to Acehnese women in various forms. Based on that background, this study aims to knowing the condition of women in various aspects of Aceh after the tsunami disaster in 2004, knowing P2TP2A role in the empowerment of women in Aceh, and to knowing any factors that affect the implementation of P2TP2A program. Research about women empowerment after tsunami through P2TP2A program on development of Aceh is a qualitative research using descriptive method with an inductive approach. Data was collected by library research. Interview, observation and documentation. Library Research by studying and examining the literature books, and make some direct communication with the local government of Aceh in particular the Women Empowerment and Child Protection‘s office of Aceh, and to retrieve data from a variety of internet related resources of various empowerment of Women in Aceh. It can be concluded that the implementation of P2TP2A program still face many challenges in many aspects. The programs that have been running continuously refined over time to maximize the achievement of the objectives P2TP2A. To increase the success of P2TP2A needded to do some efforts such as infrastructure development and improving the quality of P2TP2A’s resources.
G103
“Model of District Organizational Development through Concept of one District one Vision-one Village One Product In Indonesia (Case Study Of District Development In Bandung Regency-West Java Province)” Fernandes Simangunsong Institut Pemerintahan Dalam Negeri-Kementerian Dalam Negeri, Indonesia
16:45 17:00
Abstract: New concept in acceleration of good governance, especially the strengthening of district position and redesigning of future district organization model, is by developing the district as development center to revive the existence of district organization, particularly in Bandung Regency, with model of District as Development center toward Civil Services Center through One Village One Product (OVOP) concept. OVOP concept has been developed by many Asian countries. It is furthermore developed through experience, observation, as well as strong commitment to district organizational development. This would eventually lead to a new concept, One District One Vision and One Village One Product (ODOV-OVOP), which is customized according to the condition of Indonesian government, without leaving the meaning and characteristic in which OVOP was initially
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developed in Japan. This means that, in Indonesia, the approach in developmental growth will be district-oriented, which is different from other countries of village-oriented, with one vision of development and based on village potential capacity developed in sequence according to top-to-bottom production branches of One District One Vision and One Village One Product (ODOV-OVOP) concept.
EM003
The Propensity of Young Consumers to Overspend on Credit Cards: Decomposition Effect in the Theory of Planned Behavior Rizal E. Halim, Karto Adiwijaya, Jony Haryanto, and Firmanzah Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Indonesia
17:00 17:15
EM004
Abstract: Using 111 respondents and survey conducted among a sample of young adult consumers (i.e., undergraduate and MBA students) in Universitas Indonesia, the study found that the decomposition effect of Theory of Planned Behavior play a significant role on the propensity of young consumer to overspend on credit cards. This study also built a more comprehensive model that can explain the determinants of the propensity of young individuals to overspend on their credit cards in more detail. The model constructed consists of three unidimensioanl belief constructs that affect the propensity of young individuals to overspend on their credit cards and the decomposition of each items. This finding is very important to provide a better understanding of young adults’ financial behaviors not only for business sector but also for future public policy making.
The Effects of Personality and Communication Skill on Employee Job Performance at Multi-national Companies in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam Mai Ngoc Khuong, Le Thi My Linh, Nguyen Quan Toan, and Nguyen Thi Minh Phuong International University, Vietnam
17:15 17:30
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of five personality traits and communication skill on job performance of employees in multinational companies. Quantitative approach was applied with structured questionnaires directly delivered to 300 staffs of multinational companies (MNCs) in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. The study found that openness, neuroticism, conscientiousness, and communication skill directly affected employee job performance while agreeableness, extraversion, neuroticism, and conscientiousness indirectly affected job performance through the mediation of communication skill.
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EM005 17:30 17:45
Review and Analysis of Thailand’s Competitiveness in ICT Ussanee Malisuwan National Broadcasting and Telecommunications Commission, Thailand Abstract: Before 3G spectrum in the 2.1 GHz band was allocated through auctions on 16 October 2012 in Thailand, there had never been any spectrum allocated since the year 2000. That is to say, spectrum in the 2.1 GHz band has not been in operations for over 12 years. After the allocation of spectrum has made further allocation of spectrum, Thailand has climbed to several positions in NRI rankings: at 74th globally in 2013, 67th globally or 5th regionally in 2014, and 67th globally or 3rd regionally after Singapore and Malaysia. Therefore, it is obvious that spectrum allocation is one of the mechanisms that bring about economic growth, relying on the resources available in the country. This paper presents several Thailand’s ICT competitiveness rankings. The paper aims to analyze Thailand’s status against some countries. The paper also gives recommendations to move up the ranking for next year.
LISTENERS Listener 01 Yusof Ahmad Yanbu Technical Institute (YTI), Saudi Arabia
Listener 02 Arun Gaikwad S. N. Arts, DJM Commerce, BNS College Sangamner, Pune, Maharashtra, India
Duangkamon Baowan Litener 03
Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University Bangkok, Thailand Warangkana Nawichit
Litener 04
Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University Bangkok, Thailand
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Tirawat Sumyo Litener 05
Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University Bangkok, Thailand Pakin Siangdee
Litener 06
Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University Bangkok, Thailand Yongwimon Lenbury
Litener 07
Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University Bangkok, Thailand Montip Tiensuwan
Litener 08
Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University Bangkok, Thailand Kornkanok Bunwong
Litener 09
Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University Bangkok, Thailand Somsak Orankitjaroen
Litener 10
Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University Bangkok, Thailand Nattakorn Phewchean
Litener 11
Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University Bangkok, Thailand Chontita Rattanakul
Litener 12
Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University Bangkok, Thailand
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2016 IEDRC PENANG CONFERENCES ABSTRACT
Pairote Satiracoo Litener 13
Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University Bangkok, Thailand Ruth J. Skukhu
Litener 14
Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University Bangkok, Thailand Nantawan Kingsawat
Litener 15
Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University Bangkok, Thailand Kanjana Tongpan
Litener 16
Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University Bangkok, Thailand Rathaporn Phomanee
Litener 17
Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University Bangkok, Thailand
Closing Ceremony & Dinner 18:30
Horizon Cafe (1st Floor)
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2016 IEDRC PENANG CONFERENCES ABSTRACT
Hotel Sentral Seaview, Penang www.hotelsentralseaviewpenang.com.my
No. 555, Jalan CM Hashim, Tanjung Tokong, 11200 Pulau Pinang, Malaysia Sales Executive: Fahmy Umar Fax: 04 890 8600 Mobile: 018 9624 345 Tel: 04 890 9300 ext 1804
Hotel Sentral Seaview, Penang - Bask in the warm glow of sunshine and experience hospitality beyond anything you have ever imagined with a perfect combination of tranquillity by the sea and modernity of a metropolis. Enjoy the sights, sounds, tastes, culture and charm all around Penang, the Pearl of the Orient. The Hotel Sentral Seaview, Penang. Come live it for yourself and we promise you an experience like no other.
How to get here Travellers have the option of arriving via Penang International Airport, located on Penang island, which is about an hour away from the hotel. Alternatively, travellers to the our hotel may opt for a connecting flight from the Kuala Lumpur International Airport.
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2016 IEDRC PENANG CONFERENCES ABSTRACT
http://www.iclcs.org/
The 2016 2nd International Conference on Language and Communication Science (ICLCS 2016) will be held during April 27-29, 2016 in Istanbul, Turkey, co-organised by Marmara University, Turkey and IEDRC. ICLCS 2016 aims to bring together researchers, scientists, engineers, and scholar students to exchange and share their experiences, new ideas, and research results about all aspects of Language and Communication Science , and discuss the practical challenges encountered and the solutions adopted. All papers for the ICLCS 016 will be published in the Journal of Media & Mass Communication (JMMC, DOI: 10.12720/jmmc) as one volume, and will be included in Google Scholar; Engineering & Technology Digital Library; etc. One Best Oral Presentation will be selected from each oral session. The Certificate for Best Oral Presentation will be awarded after each session ends on April 28, 2016.
Important Dates Full Paper Deadline
2016/01/30
Acceptance Notification
2016/02/30
Registration Deadline
2016/03/20
Conference Date
2016/04/27-28
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2016 IEDRC PENANG CONFERENCES ABSTRACT
http://www.icsep.org/
The 2016 3rd International Conference on Society, Education and Psychology (ICSEP 2016) will be held during May 15-16, 2016 in Abu Dhabi, UAE. ICSEP 2016 aims to bring together researchers, scientists, engineers, scholars, and students to exchange and share their experiences, new ideas, and research results about all aspects of Society, Education and Psychology, and discuss the practical challenges encountered and the solutions adopted. All papers for ICSEP 2016 will be published in the following journals： International Journal of Information and Education Technology IJIET (ISSN: 2010-3689). Included in EI (INSPEC, IET), Cabell's Directories, DOAJ, Electronic Journals Library, Engineering & Technology Digital Library, Google Scholar, Crossref and ProQuest. or International Journal of Social Science and Humanity IJSSH (ISSN: 2010-3646). Included in Google Scholar, DOAJ, Engineering & Technology Digital Library, Crossref, Index Copernicus, and ProQuest
Important Dates Full Paper Deadline
2016/02/05
Acceptance Notification
2016/02/25
Registration Deadline
2016/03/15
Conference Date
2016/05/15-16
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2016 IEDRC PENANG CONFERENCES ABSTRACT
http://www.icfbe.org/
The 2016 2nd International Conference on Financial and Business Economics (ICFBE 2016) will be held during May 15-16, 2016 in Abu Dhabi, UAE. All papers for ICFBE 2016 will be published in International Journal of Trade, Economics and Finance (IJTEF, ISSN: 2010-023x) as one volume, and will be included in the Engineering & Technology Digital Library, EBSCO, ProQuest, Crossref, Electronic Journals Library, DOAJ and Ulrich's Periodicals Directory. Contact Email: For any inquiry about the conference, please feel free to contact us at:
[email protected].
Important Dates Full Paper Deadline
2016/02/05
Acceptance Notification
2016/02/25
Registration Deadline
2016/03/15
Conference Date
2016/05/15-16
24
2016 IEDRC PENANG CONFERENCES ABSTRACT
http://www.ictes.org/
2016 3rd International Conference on Teaching and Education Sciences (ICTES 2016) will be held in Singapore during June 22-24, 2016. Topics of interest for submission include, but are not limited to aspects of Teaching and Education. All full paper submissions will be peer reviewed and evaluated based on originality, technical and/or research content/depth, relevance to conference, contributions, and readability. All accepted papers for the ICTES 2016 will be published in International Journal of Learning and Teaching (IJLT: ISSN 2377-2891, DOI: 10.18178/ijlt), and will be included in the Google Scholar; Engineering & Technology Digital Library; etc.
Important Dates Full Paper Deadline
2016/02/20
Acceptance Notification
2016/03/20
Registration Deadline
2016/04/10
Conference Date
2016/06/22-23
One-day tour
2016/06/24
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Table of Contents Determinants of Online Religious Service Acceptance: An Empirical Investigation Jia-Jane Shuai
1
Filipino Film-Based Instructional Plan for Pre Service Education Students Leynard L. Gripal
7
Factors Affecting the e-Book Adoption amongst Mathematics and Statistics Students at Universities in Libya: A Structural Equation Modelling Approach Asma Mohmead Smeda, Mohd Fairuz Shiratuddin, Kok Wai Wong
22
On Devising Objective e-Strategies to Improve Fairness in the Evaluation of Teaching Performance Zhuhan Jiang, Jiansheng Huang
35
Physics Experiment and Evaluation Method Based Microcontroller Atmega and Microsoft Visual Studio Hendrik Surya Setiawan, Ervina Ria Agustin, and Sri Wahyuni
44
Development of Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI) Based Teaching Materials in Junior High School Sri Wahyuni
50
E-Learning in India: Wheel of change Arun Gaikwad, Vrishali Surndra Randhir
54
Impact of system quality on users’ satisfaction in Continuation of the use of e-learning system Abdulhakim Elmoawe Dreheeb, Nurlida Basir, Norasikin Fabil
61
The Propensity of Young Consumers to Overspend on Credit Cards: Decomposition Effect in the Theory of Planned Behavior Rizal E.Halim, Karto Adiwijaya, Jony Haryanto, and Firmanzah
71
The Effects of Personality and Communication Skill on Employee Job Performance at Multi-national Companies in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam Mai Ngoc Khuong, Le Thi My Linh, Nguyen Quan Toan, and Nguyen Thi Minh Phuong
82
Review and Analysis of Thailand’s Competitiveness in ICT Ussanee Malisuwan
89
Language, Gender and Identity in Legal Settings Masako Mouri
95
Women Empowerment after Tsunami Disaster by P2TP2A Program for Aceh Development (Case Study in Aceh Province, Indonesia) Muhadam Labolo, Zulkarnaen, Prima Agung Palupi, Mughny Ibtisyam Rumbia
101
Model of District Organizational Development through Concept of one District one Vision-one Village One Product In Indonesia (Case Study Of District Development In Bandung Regency-West Java Province) Fernandes Simangunsong
108
Address: Unit B on 15th Floor, EU YAN SANG Tower, Nos.11/15, Chatham Road South, Kowloon, Hong Kong., Email:
[email protected] Tel: +852-30697153
Notification of Acceptance of the ICGLC 2016 January 9-10, 2016, in Penang, Malaysia http://www.icglc.org/
Paper ID:
G103
Paper Title: Organizational Development of District though Concept in one District one Vision- one Village one Product in Indonesia (Case Study for District Development in Bandung Regency-West Java Province) Dear Fernandes Simangunsong, First of all, thank you for your concern 2016 5th International Conference on Government, Law and CultureICGLC 2016, review procedure has been finished. We are delighted to inform you that your manuscript has been accepted for presentation at 2016 5th International Conference on Government, Law and Culture- ICGLC 2016, in Penang, Malaysia. Your paper was tripling blind-reviewed and, based on the evaluations. The reviewers’ comments are enclosed. The conference received papers from about 20 different countries and regions during the submission period. And there are about 80 papers accepted by our reviewers who are international experts from all over the world. These selected papers could be published in our conference proceeding with high quality. According to the recommendations from reviewers and technical program committee members, we are glad to inform you that your paper identified above has been selected for publication and oral presentation. You are invited to present your paper and studies during our ICGLC 2016 conference that will be held on January 9-10, 2016, in Penang, Malaysia. The ICGLC 2016 is co-sponsored by International Economics Development Research Center (IEDRC). IEDRC was founded in 2003. International Economics Development and Research Center is an independent, nonprofit research and development organization. Its previous name of IEDRC was Asia-Pacific Economics Consulting Center. The Service can be traced back to the first work in 1999. IEDRC plays an influential role and promotes developments in Economics Theory and Applications in a wide range of ways. The mission of IEDRC is to foster and conduct collaborative interdisciplinary research in state-of-the-art methodologies and technologies within its areas of expertise.
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Address: Unit B on 15th Floor, EU YAN SANG Tower, Nos.11/15, Chatham Road South, Kowloon, Hong Kong., Email:
[email protected] Tel: +852-30697153
Every year, IEDRC will organize important conferences all over the world, the conference proceedings of these conferences will be indexed in ISI and the selected papers will be published in the Journals.More information and conferences please browse the website: http://iedrc.org/.
All papers for the ICGLC 2016 will be published in the following journal: International Proceedings of Economics Development and Research (IPEDR) ISSN: 2010-4626 Abstracting/ Indexing: CNKI, DOAJ, WorldCat, Google Scholar, Ulrich's Periodicals Directory, Crossref, and Engineering & Technology Digital Library.
(Important Steps for your registratoin): Please do finish all the 6 steps on time to guarantee the paper published in the proceeding successfully: 1. Revise your paper according to the Review Comments in the attachment carefully. (Five authors at most for each paper) 2. Format your paper according to the Template carefully. http://www.ipedr.com/IPEDR.template.doc (IPEDR Template) 3. Download and complete the Registration Form. http://www.icglc.org/reg.doc (English) 4. Finish the payment. (The Payment information can be found in the Registration form) http://www.icglc.org/reg.doc (English) 5. Finish the Copyright Form http://www.ipedr.com/IPEDR.Copyright.doc (IPEDR Copyright) 6. Send your final papers (both .doc and .pdf format), filled registration form (.doc format), and copyright form (.jpg format) to us at
[email protected]. (Before December 1, 2015) (Very important)
The conference secretary of ICGLC 2016 will check the format of all the registered papers first, so the authors don’t need to upload the paper to the system. After the registration, we will send all qualified papers to the publish house and index organization for publishing directly. We are looking forward to meeting all authors in our conference. But if you and your co-author(s) could not attend ICGLC 2016 to present your paper for some reasons, please inform us. And we will send you the official receipt of registration fee, proceedings after ICGLC free of charge. Please strictly adhere to the format specified in the conference template while preparing your final paper. If you have any problems, please feel free to contact us via
[email protected] for the most updated information on the conference; please check the conference website at http://www.icglc.org/. The Conference Program will be available on the conference website in early December, 2015. -2-
Address: Unit B on 15th Floor, EU YAN SANG Tower, Nos.11/15, Chatham Road South, Kowloon, Hong Kong., Email:
[email protected] Tel: +852-30697153
Again, congratulations. We look forward to seeing you in Penang, Malaysia. Yours sincerely, ICGLC 2016 Organizing Committees http://www.icglc.org/
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2016 5th International Conference on Government, Law and Culture IPEDR vol.85 (2016) © (2016) IACSIT Press, Singapore DOI: 10.7763/IPEDR.2016.V85.1
“Model of District Organizational Development through Concept of one District one Vision-One Village one Product in Indonesia” (Case Study of District Development in Bandung Regency-West Java Province) Fernandes Simangunsong Institut Pemerintahan Dalam Negeri-Kementerian Dalam Negeri Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km. 20 Jatinangor Email:
[email protected]
Abstract. This study aims to find new concepts in accelerating the achievement of good governance, especially the strengthening of the position of districts in Bandung regency by designing districts as a model of organization of new sub-district for a future where this research mengagas a district into a center of growth in order to revive the existence of organizational districts in Bandung regency, especially by creating models of the District As Growth Center Towards Civil Services Centre Through the concept of One Village One Product (OVOP) which has been developed in Asian countries. The concept of One Village One Product (OVOP) was then developed through experience, observation, as well as strength of love Against Organizational Development District of which finally brings New concept adapted to the conditions Governance in Indonesia Without Leaving Meanings And Characteristics Of Concept Development Beginning Of One Village One Product (OVOP ) The originally developed in Japan Being Concept One District One Vision And One Village One Product (OVOP ODOV-). Which means that in Indonesia, will be done Approach to Growth with Nuance Development Districts, in contrast to other countries that bernuasa village. With qualitative research approach has been formulated pattern One Vision Development at the district level and the strengthening of the potentials possessed Village Developed by Sequence (Sequential) In accordance with twigs Production Upstream Downstream As with the concept of One District One Vision And One Village One Product (ODOV- OVOP) is a new concept in the development of the cantonal government.
Keywords: Local Government, District, ODOV-OVOP
1. Introduction There have been basic changes in the policies of decentralization in Indonesia. In Orde Baru (New Order government), the policies were more oriented to decentralization model of what we usually call as “structural efficiency model” rather than “local democracy model”. The first one pays more attention to the importance of delivering service efficiently to local communities. Therefore, it encourages greater intervention from central government in controlling local government to ensure the efficiency and advancement of economy, greater emphasizing on “uniformity and conformity”, ignorance of local values and local uniformity which eventually would lead to ignorance of democracy values. Meanwhile, the latter emphasizes more on democratic and locallity values rather than efficiency values. In addition, it appreciates local difference and system diversity, because local authority has both the capacity and the legitimacy for local choice and local voice (A.F. Leemans, John Halligan, and Chris Aulich, in Hoessein, 2001). The enactment of recent Law on local government is closely related with the change of decentralization policies in Indonesia. This law bring the shift of paradigm into government administration from central to village administration. This is the consequence of new paradigm and policy demand chosen. This law has given much greater autonomy to autonomous regions, namely local government of regency and city. Regional autonomy is considered as the appropriate option to improve social justice as well as proportial authority between central, provincial, and regency and city government in term of public policy making, economic and political asset strengthening, and local resource management.
Law No. 32 of 2004 on local government has brought some basic changesthat have given much greater autonomy to autonomous regions, which are known as Level II Region (Daerah Tingkat [DATI] II). Some identifiable changes are: this law put district and subdistrict government and as autonom local agency of regency and city. In other words, district government is positioned as the extension of autonom local government (decentralization), not as deconcentration agency (Praktino, 1999: 8). As the consequence, district can’t administer deconcentration affairs anymore that belong to central government affairs at local level. Camat (district head) is not territorial leader anymore that represent central government as the single administration ruler in the region to lead the government, coordinate the development and build the community in every aspect. Affairs administered by district government are the ones delegated with some of the authorities by regent/mayor. On the other hand, the administration of regional autonomy is actually to deliver service nearer to public, thus making it the front line organization, therefore it is appropriate for this organization to receive more attention through “empowerment” of district government. Issues related to impact of the changes of position and authority to district according to Law No. 32 of 2004, are interesting to study and examine. It is necessary to have further study in order to avoid the same mistake in administration of the lowest level of government system related closely to issues in administration of district level, especially in Bandung regency that is aiming to optimize district organization. It is, therefore, necessary to study on “Model of District Organizational Development through Concept of One District One Village – One Village One Product in Indonesia (Case Study of District Development in Bandung Regency, West Java Province)”.
2. Explanation ofOne Village One Product (OVOP) Concept of One Village One Product (OVOP) is local revitalization movement to develop regional potency to be able to compete in global level. OVOP is customized according to regional competence, where unique, featured, local product is chosen as global-class product. Concept of OVOP, in its implementation, has three principles for regions/countries to follow in order to be able to develop their local featured products. These principles are: 1. Think Globally, Act Locally, thus, the more local the more global. It means that, local commodity, in fact, can be international commodity. People usually think that local commodities lack for universal attribute, and international commodities have cosmopolitan attribute. This, in fact, is wrong. The more original and typical a region, the higher the value and attention given to that region internationally. But, local commodity itself should be patented with quality set as high as possible.Thereby, new local commodity will receive global appraisal and can be marketed globally. 2. Independent business with Initiatives and Creativity. In general, a movement set from above level would be difficult to apply and be continuous. If it is a self-supporting, the business will be run committedly. What will beimplemented by regionsis completely on their own hand. The application of OVOP in general is based on initiative from local community, therefore many of them failed. But, the most important thing is that it’s their own initiative. “One village one product” is merely a term. In the implementation itself, it is allowed for each village having three products, or for two villages having only one product.The government should only functions as assistant or facilitator. 3. Human Resource Development (HRD), which means that successful region must have excellent “local leader”. To have something good in big or national scale, investment from external can be a choice. But, there is also regionwhich refuse to employ this method. This kind of region tries to pay more attention to as well as improve the local originality and typicality.Community move by their own initiatives and creativity, with their own responsibility. Big investors are interested to achieve quickyly, but there is likely that they would run away if things get messed up. You should consider on who is responsible in local regional development. OVOP had been introduced and applied wordwide.Below is table of example of activities adopting OVOP: No Program Country Product 1 One Factory One Product China Woodcraft 2 One Barangay One Product Philippines 3 Satu Kampung Satu Product Movement Malaysia 4 One Tambon One Product Movement Thailand Marine product
No 5 6
Program One Village One Product a Day One Village One Product
Country USA Malawi
Product Mushroom
Research Method Data as obtained from 31 districts in Bandung regency, then, is analyzed with qualitative approach within the process of establishing Model of District as Development center toward Civil Services Center through One District One Vision/One Village One Product conceptin Bandung regency. With regional potency and characteristic, depth and comprehensive understanding on the issue is obtained. To have more clear understanding on data analysis, see diagram below:
First stage data collection
First stage analysis to focus on next data collection
Discuss with informants and information sources
Data clarification consistently and repeatedly
Comprehensive data analysis
Compare with accepted norm
Triangulation: Source of data method and data
Results and findings
3. Discussion and Analysis Fundamental changes occured in government practice since the enactment of Law No. 22 of 1999 on Local Government, yet Bandung regency government has not given any significant change as the driving force in public empowerment, safety and orderliness, and in law enforcement. It is also still unable to be the front line in public service. Bandung regency government is still unable to find clear direction and strategy to implement coordination, whether with offices vertically and with local agencies. Thisleads to the unoptimal performance due to workload, such as Land and Building Tax, and duties which are not based on public aspiration. Furthermore, district is also burdened by public complaints without unable to deal with them. District as local agency is very dependent on what is delegated by regional leader. Without any delegation, camat’s existence is meaningless. In addition, previous regent were half-hearted in the delegation of authority, because it was not accompanied by regent regulation on Implementation Guidelines and Technical Guidelines. As result, camats become disoriented in performing their duties, thus give an impression that they are unable to implement the delegated authority. This raises district’s high dependency on regent. Yet, in fact, district could and should be the spearhead to achieve the vision and mission from regency government. District, historically, has been widely known by Indonesian people, whether on its duties in coordinating, facilitating, and developing the more complex community. As middle manager, camat’s position is very effective as medium and facilitator between the local government’s interest and public interest,despite the role and function of district, whether in the most recent law, Law No.32 of 2004 Article 126 and Government
Regulation No.19 of 2008, have not yet been completely implemented. Yet, based on implication on the field, district should have more authority and needs to be economical, thus more confident and innovative, unlike in the past where district was unproductive and there was occassionally recommendation to dismiss districts and then to have the authority delegated directly from regent to subdistricts/villages. In the coordination of empowerment, public safety and orderlines, as well as law enforcement, district should be prioritized by Bandung regency government. It is indicated in this study as form of attention from local government in the implementation of public empowerment, with the spirit of ‘sabilulungan’(mutual work), for the sake of advancement of Bandung regency. This program is the advanced level ofPATEN (Pelayanan Administrasi Terpadu Kecamatan) (Integrated District Administrative Service) that is almost 100% completed in Bandung regency, and it has unexpectedly proceeded to subdistrict level with “SIMACAN” (Sistem Informasi Kecamatan) (District Information System). Study of model of district as development center toward civil service center with concept of one district one vision and one village one product in Bandung regency is an advanced study that apply PATEN as form of attention from Bandung regency. Yet, the result of this study can only map and describe the outlines of featured potential from every districts and villages with possible further application through concept of ODOV-OVOP (one district one vision – one village one product) modified specifically for government in Indonesia. This is due to slight difference with other countries which initially applied only concept of OVOP (one village one product) focused directly on village.Result of this study generated new concept specifically for Indonesian locality as illustrated in diagram below:
One District One Vision: The Realization of District X as advanced, independent, and competitive Center of Shuttlecock Production One Village One ProductNext data Village A
collection referring to analysis stage I
Display and Marketing House for Shuttlecock
Center of Duck Farm
Village B
Village G
District X as Center of Shuttlecock Production
Center for Selection and Making of Shuttlecock Feathers
Village F Center for Branding and Packaging of Shuttlecock
Village C
Village D
Village E
Center of Shuttlecock Cork Head Production
Center of Shuttlecock Storage Tube Production
Center of Shuttlecock Storage Cap Production
Figure Ideal Model of District in Concept of ODOV-OVOP Based on illustration above, it is expected for districts in Indonesia to implement the concept of ODOVOVOP correctly and focusedly thus trigger the chain of economic development from one village to others. The concept offered as illustrated above take an example of District X as Center of Shuttlecock Production which is considered to have great potential in a region and can optimally implement concept of ODOVOVOP, because it has set its vision of excellent “production of shuttlecock” where this product has already been the source of living for people in District X. But,fromacademician point of view, it is necessary to develop the concept of ODOV-OVOP to avoid “imitative production” in every villages in District X, where the process of public empowerment is inevitable
from the concept of economic development with concept of “upstream-downstream” economic to prevent misusing by big players with their concept of “supply and demand”. If imitative production occurs in every village in District X,it would lead to “high supply” of shuttlecock, then bigger economic players will control market price, and, eventually would inflict loss to those villages. This is particularly true if demand on shuttlecock is low. Therefore, it is necessary to have a mechanism of shuttlecock production in District X by government by applying the Concept of ODOV-OVOP, thus keeping the continuity of upstream-downstream economic by strenghtening the production networking. Bandung regency government is also expected to guide all districts to have commitment in implementation of district’s vision deriving from the power of villages and public potencies within their regions to achieve the vision of Bandung regency development. ODOV - OVOP goal is to explore and promote local innovative and creative products , from unique resources that are typical of the region , high value-added , while maintaining environmental sustainability , has an image and high competitiveness . More specifically, the purpose of the Regional Superior Product Development Approach Through the county Bandung ODOV - OVOP is expected to : 1. Develop a superior product that has the potential of local and international marketing . 2. Develop and improve the quality and value added products, in order to compete with products from abroad ( imports) . 3. Special OVOP activities are also conducted by the Ministry of Cooperatives and SMEs given to districts / cities in Indonesia , including the Bandung Regency in the form of developing a OVOP program must be through existing cooperatives and SMEs in the hope of increasing the income of local communities. The criteria ODOV - OVOP products developed in Bandung Regency in the form : a. Superior product and / or the product 's core competency areas b . Uniquely local culture and authenticity c . Potentially domestic and export markets d . Quality and look good e . Produced continuously and consistently Product Scope and ODOV - OVOP generated : a. Processed food products based on agricultural and plantation b . Beverages products from the processing of agricultural and plantation c . Products woven or convection typical local community d . Including household products or interior decorative products e . Dankerajinan art goods including souvenirs products f . Herbal products and essential oils typical of the local community ODOV - OVOP activities are expected to be the cornerstone to encourage the creation of new products , encourage innovation , foster a spirit of togetherness and continue to develop skills in conducting quality improvement porduk local products in Indonesia to be able to competitiveness . The process of sustainable development is dependent on :
3.1. The role of the Central Government The Central Government has an important role in developing and optimizing the potential of the local superior product areas in Indonesia through the creation of regulations to implement CONCEPT ODOV ( ONE DISTRICT ONE VISION ) AND OVOP ( VILLAGGE ONE ONE PRODUCT ) and to develop technical guidelines and instructions for implementing the concept of OVOP ODOV- order can be implied in every region in Indonesia to be able to develop the regional economy .
3.2. The role of the Local Government ( District / City) Local Government ( District / City ) have an important role in establishing the potential for superior products in the local area. Reflecting on the experience that has been conducted by Japan , local governments should be able to drive the implementation of the concept of One Village One Product ( OVOP ) in every village of the region which has a superior product . Regulation to implement the OVOP that have been rolled
out at the central level, must have derived guidelines for the region so that the region can implement OVOP effectively. For the local government itself, here should be able to take advantage of all the potential that exists in their respective regions through the following steps: a) To coordinate with the authorities to lower levels (village) to discuss the concept of OVOP. b) Officials straight down the field to provide an understanding of the concept of OVOP to local communities. c) Utilizing the mass media, especially TV to raise OVOP implementation. d) Local Government prepares various research institutions and laboratories to support efforts to promote the typical products of the village. In this stage the village of superior products studied together experts to define the focus of product development in the village. e) Establish a cottage learning (training center) in several places to generate local leader / intellectual who became a pioneer and driving OVOP in the village. Superior products villages that have become the focus here continues to be explored in order to further be able to raise the image of the region. f) Local Government tried to introduce and inform the products typical of the village to the people inside and outside the region g) Local Government rewards the person or group that seeks to implement successful OVOP. SME development with the concept of OVOP in need of in-depth industrial handling, among others, ranging from mapping problems, infrastructure development, strengthening access to finance network so as to innovate to develop productivity. Only the expected adoption of industry cluster system is dependent upon the effectiveness of the cooperation of the central government, regions and the business world. Without the cooperation and commitment, development of national industry will cease.
3.3. Role of Private Here is the role of private sector as the driver of the motion SMEs to grow and develop and be able to produce products that can compete so that the local product Indonesia prepared for the ASEAN-China free competition from 2005 to 2025. Private parties involved here which are as such: a) Investors, here plays an important role in improving the business scale through the flow of funding provided to SMEs which apply the concept of OVOP. b) Distributor, here plays a role in terms of the distribution of the products of SMEs to be marketed to a wider area. With the cooperation with the major distributors, the products of SMEs will be more easily deployed in a wide market and will be easily recognized globally. c) Supplier, here the supplier is the party who has been engaged in the supply of certain raw materials in large quantities. By collaborating with suppliers, SMEs can obtain the raw materials needed at a price that can be reduced so that in terms of product price will be more competitive again. In addition, the private sector also has a role of guidance to SMEs on business development strategies Here the private and functioning of corporate social responsibility (CSR). Given the strength of this private support SMEs, the SME products produced will be encouraged to improve the quality as well quantity in anticipation of the Free Trade Agreement (FTA) ASEAN - China 2010.
3.4. Role of Intellectual In applying the One Village One Product (OVOP), development can not be done in the short term but it takes a long and gradual process. To perform a variety of support programs One Village One Product (OVOP), the main runway to be human capital. In order for this ongoing human capital the main actors involved is an intellectual, that educators, researchers, authors, pioneers in the region, as well as leaders in the field of entrepreneurship. Concrete ways that can be done is by conducting trainings potential regional SMEs and conduct research on the development of potential sectors of local products in order to continue to innovate and compete in foreign markets. The intellectuals these parties are presumed to have knowledge and a broad view of the floating of a product are owned by their respective regions, and also on the development of competition. So with the involvement of intellectuals, SMEs can have the right competitive strategy to face the Free Trade Agreement (FTA) ASEAN-China 2010. In order to OVOP campaign three things are needed, which in addition to fulfilling the potential villages once populated; select products competitive derived from local materials by using local knowledge and skills unique skills to produce original products, unique and valuable devoted to domestic and global markets as
well as the original also included commitments and interference in local government and central , Effectiveness and successful implementation of OVOP not be separated from the 6 key to a successful implementation, namely: awareness and understanding of the OVOP human resources, explore the hidden potential of each country / region. In addition to considering products that have higher added value, continue the trials and efforts constantly, build markets and distribution channels as well as development of talent and creativity of human resources, is also the key to successful implementation of some of the OVOP program.
3.5. Endogenous approach and Gross National Satisfaction (GNS) Indeed the One Village One Product movement is an attempt to reduce the gap of development activities in the city and countryside by developing the people's economy based on local potential. Governor Hiramatsu observe how the appeal of urban development became a magnet for the rural population so that the village became deserted and lost vitality of economic activity. He then attempted to revive the vitality of rural life through economic activity that is appropriate to the scale and size of the rural areas without a high dependence on the government. Efforts to improve the income of the local population to other areas and raise the level of belief in the seed production of the area into a community-oriented concept called Gross National Product (GNP). At the same time the government is trying to create a society where older people feel comfortable, young people can express the importance of their positions, and generally people can generate peculiar including the problems of culture and tourism to rural. This is called community-oriented satisfaction, Gross National Satisfaction (GNS). The notion that arises then is a combination of understanding and selection of potential products following areas of socio-economic character of society on the one hand with the commitment and involvement of central and local government in providing excellent products for purposes of the domestic and global markets. Development activities were undertaken, more use endogenous approach through the utilization of local resources (economic, cultural and spiritual) in full. Development activities are carried out not in huge portions throughout the region. The projects developed by small-scale capital and limited resources. Communities develop the region through the development of secondary industries which include semi-processed food produce and various other products in general as hasi processed agricultural products (products of primary industries). This was the spirit of the Movement "One Village One Product". In this way, the slogan used by the Japanese government to be adopted by the State of Indonesia, which the Japanese government recognize the concept: "Concurrent Advancement of Both Agriculture and Industry" in the form of highly relevant, where in order to encourage development efforts endogenous (local values) in Japan, the role of the Governor-Japanese Hiramatsu be very central in Japan where the central and regional governments can and should attract large industries classmates Japan Nippon Steel Co. Ltd. and Canon Inc. to invest at the level of village and regional agriculture. Major industries such localized in border towns or in cities larger so interesting development of agriculture in the vicinity. By demonstrating success, this effort is certainly able to become the locomotive of steady and sustainable development. Among the products that became known in Japan, to the village level also produce superior products that must be accepted by all supermarkets and minimarkets in Japan as donko shiitake (a kind of mushroom), kabosu, greenhouse and japanese barley scotch (a kind liquor), which became a common food of Japanese society, combined this concept will be developed in Indonesia became a concept ODOV (ONE DISTRICT ONE VISION) AND OVOP (VILLAGGE ONE ONE PRODUCT).
4. Closing and Suggestions Empirical description encountered during academic study on the field is conveyed in form of consctructive suggestions for many parties aimed to improve the role and functions of district in the future. Almost all districts in Indonesia are having difficulty to implement their role and functions either in governmental coordination, public empowerment, safety and orderliness, as well as regulation implementation and law enforcement resulting from internal and external problems.Internally, it is caused by the low capacity of role and functions of district as well as low leadership capacity of camat. While externally, it is caused by minimum support from personnel, equipment, and funding, as well as other supporting resource, especially for districts in inland regions. Hence, it is expected from government and experts of local public administration to carry out comprehensive study on role and functions of district. Camat is recommended to have internal consolidation, to strengthen the management, and to have exemplary attitude necessary to build positive work etos as habitual so it would eventually become a norm and productive work culture.
Academic study on role and functions of district can be developed by taking wider scope, such as by comparing characteristics from districts in the city and regency, as well as types of service appropriate for districts in city and regency. Camat leadership in the middle of change of role and functions can be seen from public satisfaction onthe existence of district. Other topic to consider in the next study is what prospects and challenges are faced by camat in building public participation and in encouraging public independency. If districts in city cease to operate, there should be strengthening of role and functions of subdistrict as well as increasing of the number of functional and professional staff in subdistricts. Meanwhile, the extent of area covered should should be extended by merging two or three subdistricts into one. District in regency have to be kept operating, but with more authority delegated from regent because the extent of area covered in regency is very extensive. The presence of district should alleviate regent’s workload, either on public service and on programs to deliver, particularly the application of model of district as development center toward civil service center with concept of one district one vision and one village one product (ODOV-OVOP) in Bandung regency.
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