General Studies (Mains) Paper I ► 1987
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General Studies (Mains) Paper I 1987 to 2011 (Last 25 Years) Compilation by Mrunal
Action Plan - To get really Decent marks in General Studies paper (and thus a high rank in the final merit list) do following - In the General Studies (Mains) paper, there are two types of question Static and Dynamic (Current Based) - By and large, General Studies Paper I & II are made up of following topics. 1. History (Always Static) 2. Culture (Almost Always Static) 3. Polity (Most of the Time.) 4. Yearbook stuff (Current Based) 5. Economy (Mixed) 6. International Relations and S&T (Lately current Based) 7. Statistics and Data Interpretation.(Always Static.) - Now, observe these old papers carefully, the Static questions/topics keep getting recycled and repeated. For example RIN mutiny was asked in 1998, again in 2011. Same for Polity (DPSP/Funda.rights) etc. - If you start manually writing answer for each and every question, it o prepare! But atleast you can prepare a skeletal framework / keypoint answer, and keep revising it, definitely a few questions or topics would during the actual exam, for not having to brainstorm for the ideas. Because you already did that exercise @home, while solving these question. - For more downloads and articles, visit www.mrunal.org - Have trouble or doubt solving any question? Ask it on www.indianofficer.com, a forum where serious players hang out. - P.S. At some places the questions and sentences are missing or incomplete. But it is because the original source itself did not have those questions. (or I might have made some silly mistake writing the RegEx script, using which I compiled this whole database.) Page 1 of 85
General Studies (Mains) Paper I ► 1987
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Stupid Index 1987 ............................................................................................................................................... 3 1988 ............................................................................................................................................... 6 1989 ............................................................................................................................................. 10 1990 ............................................................................................................................................. 14 1991 ............................................................................................................................................. 19 1992 ............................................................................................................................................. 23 1993 ............................................................................................................................................. 28 1994 ............................................................................................................................................. 32 1995 ............................................................................................................................................. 35 1996 ............................................................................................................................................. 39 1997 ............................................................................................................................................. 43 1998 ............................................................................................................................................. 48 1999 ............................................................................................................................................. 53 2000 ............................................................................................................................................. 58 2001 ............................................................................................................................................. 60 2002 ............................................................................................................................................. 62 2003 ............................................................................................................................................. 64 2004 ............................................................................................................................................. 66 2005 ............................................................................................................................................. 68 2006 ............................................................................................................................................. 70 2007 ............................................................................................................................................. 72 2008 ............................................................................................................................................. 75 2009 ............................................................................................................................................. 77 2010 ............................................................................................................................................. 80 2011 ............................................................................................................................................. 83 The End : Not yet!......................................................................................................................... 85
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General Studies (Mains) Paper I ► 1987
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1987 SECTION-I 1. Discuss the major social reform movement of the second half of the 19th century. In what way did they contribute to the rise and growth of Indian National Movement? (Not more than 200 words) 35 2. Despite the fact that Muslims and Hindus fought together against the British in the Revolt of 1857, a separatist movement started soon after, resulting into the partition of India. In the light of this statement, review briefly the origin and development of Muslim Separatist Movement culminating into the creation of Pakistan in 1947. (Not more than 200 words) 35 3. (a) Explain briefly the importance of the following: (About 30 words for each) 15 (i) Ghadar Party (ii) The Deccan Education Society (iii) National Archives of India. (b) Who were the following and why are they so well-known? (Not more than two sentence for each) 10 (i) Sir William Jones (ii) M.R. Jaykar (iii) Pandita Rama Bai (iv) K. Kamraj (v) M.N.Roy (c) Where are the following and why are they so well-known? (Not more than two sentence for each) 10 (i) Pushkar (ii) Kushinagar (iii) Tirupati (iv) Spomnath (v) Madurai 4. (a) What were the new elements introduced by the Muslim rules in the development of India architecture ? About 50 words) 10 (b) Who made the first feature film in India? What was its Name, and when was it made? 5 (c) Where did the following traditional Folk Theatres originate? 5 (i) Yatra (ii) Tamasha (iii) Kuttiyatam (iv) Bhavai (v) Natutanki (d) What is the significance of Kumbh fair? Where are they held? 5 (e) What is the contribution of the following to the cultural life of India ? (One
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General Studies (Mains) Paper I ► 1987
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sentence for each) 10 (i) Ramanuj (ii) Shaikh Moinuddin Chishit (iii) Shyagaraja (iv) Vishnu Diagambar Paluskar (v) Raja Ravi Verma (vi) Amrita Shergill (vii) Ram Kinker vaij (viii) Sonal Man Singh (ix) Sanyikta Panigrahi (x) Prithvi Raj Kapoor 5. (a) Relation between Religion and Politics has been a subject of controversy since long. What are the views of Mahatma Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru of this issue? (Not more than 130 words) 25 (b) Who wrote our National Anthem? When, where and on what occasion was it sung for the first time? When was it accepted as our National Anthem? 10 SECTION II 6. What does the Gorka National Liberation Front seek? In what way are their demands different from the earlier demands of Miza National Front and the demand for Khalistan? (Not more than 200 words) 35 7. (a) Trace the recent political development in Fiji. How is India concerned with the development there? About 150 words) 25 (b) What are superconductors? What is their relevance to the future 10 8. When and where was it formed? Who are its President and General Secretary? What are its main objectives? (About 200 words) 35 9. (a) What are the following and what are their function? (About 25 words for each) 15 (i) Coast Guard (ii) Territorial Army (ii) Border Security Force (b) With which games are the following associated and why were they in the news recently? 10 (i) Steffi Graff (ii) Pat Cash (iii) Vishwanathan Anand (IV) Jahangir Khan (v) Teng Yi. (c) What was unusual about holding Davis Cup Quarter-Finals at Delhi this year? Who represented India in this match? 3 (d) What are the main causes of general decline in sports in India? What remedies do you suggest for improvement in this field?(About 40 words) 7 10. (a) Identify and explain the significance of the following: (Two sentences Page 4 of 85
General Studies (Mains) Paper I ► 1987
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for each) 15 (i) Dakshin Gangotri (ii) Kahuta (iii) Sahara Wall (b) Where is the Strait of Hormuz? What is its importance? Why has it been in the news? 5 (c) cant for the whole world? 5 (d) Identify the following. Why were they in the news recentaly? 10 (i) Salim Ali (ii) Col. Oliver North (iii) Visvanathan Rajagopal (iv) Gunnar Myrdel (v) Klaus Barbie 11. (a) Discuss the objectives of the Venice Summit held recentaly. Who were the participants ? What were the major resolutions adopted at it ? (About 75 words) 15 (b) What is Africa Fund ? Who started it ? What are its objectives ? (About 75 words) 10 (c) Who are the Chakmas ? why were they in the news recentaly ? (About 50 words) 10 SECTION-III 12. Two new varieties A and B and a local variety of wheat were sown. The growth of the three varieties in cm is shown in the following table: Age in Days Varieties 15 30 45 60 75 90 A 3.0 3.5 7.0 19.0 26.0 51.0 B 2.5 4.0 10.0 31.0 44.0 82.0 Local 3.0 4.5 12.5 22.0 37.5 77.5 Draw a graph from which the growth of the three varieties of wheat may be read. On the basis of the graph, discuss the growth of the different varieties. 15 13. The following table shows the percentage distribution of total income of males in a country: Income(in Rs.)
Percentage ofMales
Below 100
17.3
100-199
11.0
200-299
12.4
300-399
14.5
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General Studies (Mains) Paper I ► 1988
400-499
15.8
500-599
12.0
600-699
12.7
700 and above
3.7
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(a) What percentage of males earned Rs. 400 and above? 5 (b) What percentage of males earned at least Rs. 300 but less than Rs.500? 5 14. Comment on the following statements : (a) a contractor employs 3 categories of workers- men, women and boys; and pays them daily wages of Rs. 3,2 and 1 respectively. He employs 30 men, 15 women and 5 three totaling 50 workers. Since the average wages of the three categories is Rs.2, the total wage bill of the contractor will be Rs. 100 daily. 5 (b) The average depth of river is 4 feet and the average height of the members of a family is 4.5 feet; therefore all the members of the family can safely cross the river on foot. 5 15. In 1985, out of a total of 17500 workers in a cement factory, 12000 were members of a trade union. The number of women workers was 2000, of which 1750 did not belong to the trade union. In 1986, the number of union workers increases to 15800 of which 12900 were men. On the other hand, the number of no-trade union workers in the factory fell down to 2080 of which 1800 were men. (a) Represent the above information in a suitable tabular form. 12 (b) How many male workers of the cement factory did not belong to a trade union in 1985? 3
1988 SECTION I 1. What were the motives which led to the partition of Bengal? What were its consequences? Why was it annulled? (About 250 words? 35 2. (a) Salt emerge as the central issue for launching the Satyagraha ? (About 100 words) 15 (b) What was the Gandhi Irwin pact ? Why was it signed and what were its consequences ? (About 150 words) 20 3. (a) differ from it ? (About 150 words) (b) words) 10
20
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General Studies (Mains) Paper I ► 1988
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(c) Describe Nehru attitude towords Russia in the pre-1947 period. (About 50 words) 5 4. (a) Give an account of the legislative measure passed during 1856-1956 for the uplift of women. Why was a new Act prohibiting Sati passed recently? (About 150 words) 15 (b) What are the main forms of classical dance in India? 10 (c) Explain the contributions of the following to the social life of India ? (One sentence for each) 10 (i) Ela Bhatt (ii) M.G. Ranade (iii) Acharya Narendra Dev (iv) Madan Mohan Malaviya (v) Narayana Guru (vi) Birsa Munda (vii) Baba Amte (viii) Malati Devi Chowdhury (ix) Dr. Zakir Hussain (x) C.N. Annadurai 5. (a) Where are the following located and why are they well-known ? (Two sentence on each) 10 (i) Dakshinesvara (ii) Bharukachchha (iii) Pragjyotish (iv) Deorala (v) Jehanabad (b) Explain the significance of the following In the socio-religious context: (About 50 words for each) 15 (i) The Alavar Saints (ii) Faraizi Movement (iii) Kuka Movement (c) Evaluate the chief characteristics of any two of the following: (About 50 words for each) 10 (i) Gandhara School of Art (ii) Rock cutt temple architecture (iii) Chola architecture SECTION II 6. (a) What led to the signing of Tripartite Accord with TNV ? What are its main points? (About 150 words) 20 (b) Why did Iran accept the UN Security Council Resolution for a cease-fire ? When did it become operation? (About 125 words) 15 7. (a) Discuss the significance of the TNF Treaty between Soviet Union and the USA. (About 125 words) 15 (b) has the IPKF been able to achieve the goal set before it by the terms of the Indi-Sri Lanka Agreement ? Page 7 of 85
General Studies (Mains) Paper I ► 1988
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What are the option available to India ? (About 150 words). 20 8. (a) What was the G-7 Summit ? When and where was it held ? what were its achievements ? (About 100 words) 15 (b) What led General Ne Win to resign from power ? What were its immediate results? (About 75 words) 10 (c) Describe the circumstances which led to the signing of the agreement on Afghanistan. What were its terms ?(About 75 words) 10 9. (a) Write brief notes on : (About 30 words) 10 (i) ASLV-D2 (ii) INSAT-1C (b) When were the following in the news recently? (One sentence each) (i) Narendra Hirwani (ii) Mike Tyson (iii) Courtney Walsh (iv) Syed Modi (v) Sergei Bubka (c) it. 4 (d) Where were the following events held this year and who were the winners ? 6 (i) Uber Cup (ii) (iii) Bicentennional Gold Cup (e) achieve? (About 75 words) 10 10. (a) (About 75 words) 10 (b) Describe the salient features of GNLF Accord with Government. How does it doffer from the original GNLF demands? (About 75 words) 10 (c) 3 (d) Which were the two countries which first played the limited over international cricket match ? In which year was it played and where ? 4 (e) In a Medley Race in swimming which are the four styles of swimming involved? 4 (f) Name the sanctuaries/place where the following animals are found in India: 4 (i) Wild Ass (ii) Rhinoceros (iii) Hangul (iv) Great Indian Bustard 11. (a) Who are the following ? Why were they in the news recently? (One sentence each) 5 (i) Kanshi Ram (ii) Swami Agnivesh Page 8 of 85
General Studies (Mains) Paper I ► 1988
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(iii) Robert Mugabe (iv) Michael Durkakis (v) Girish karmad (b) economic growth? (About 75 words) 10 (c) Name any five tiger reserve in the country. 10 (d) Write a short on the financial aspect of Sarkaria Commission Report. (About 40 words) 5 (e) Mention any two films which have won National or International Award. Write two sentences each about the social problems reflected therein. 5 SECTION III 12. Present the following information in a tabular form and find out by what percentage the 1987-88 outlay exceeds the original outlay for 1986-87: The outlay for the 1987-88 Annual Plan has been fixed at Rs. 44,699 crores. This comprises Rs. 25,042 crores for the centre and the rest for the States Sector. The Revised Estimates of the Plan outlay for 1986-87 consist of Rs. 23,625 crores for the Centre and Rs. 16,636 crores for the States. As compared to the original outlay for 1986-87, the Revised Estimate is higher by Rs. 1,325 crores for the Centre and lower by Rs. 116 crores for the States. 13. (a) Represent the following data relating to world book production by a suitable diagram: 12 Year No. Of Title 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1976
269000 332000 426000 521000 568000 591000
(b) Do you agree that the annual rate of increase in book production was the lowest during 1975 to 1976? (Assume that the annual rate of increase during the various five-year periods was uniform within the given periods). 3 14. (a) A heart patient advised to undergo surgery had heard a statement that surgeon he learnt that the surgeon had just completed six successful operations in a row. He refused to become the seventh patient. How would you explain the above statement to him to allay his fears? 5 (b) In a class of 50 students, there are 30 boys and 20 girls. In a test, the average marks obtained by boys were computed to be 40 and those by girls to be 45. However, on scrutiny, it was found that the marks obtained by one of
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General Studies (Mains) Paper I ► 1989
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the boys was wrongly taken as 30 instead of 60 and the marks obtained by one of the girls was taken as 70 instead of 50. Find out the correct average marks for the boys and for the girls and for the class as a whole. 5 OR (c) The average marks of 500 students in an examination are 45. Among them, the average marks of the top 150 students are 75 and that of the last 150 students are 25. What are the average marks of the remaining 200 students? Give the steps of the calculation. 5 15. The graph below show the graph attained by plant A and plant B at the end of various period of time: (a) Tabulate the data represented by the graph. 9 (b) During which time-intervals, the rate of growth of plant A has been less than, equal to and greater than that of plant B? 6
1989 General Studies Main 1989 Paper-I SECTION I 1. Why did Gandhi launch the No-violent Non-cooperation Movement on the Khilafat question? How were other issues joined to it later on? Discuss the constructive program me of the Non-cooperation Movement. OR
fundamental to it? What was its impact on the attitude of the Congress and the League? (About 250 words) 30 2. Answer any two of the following: 15×2=30 (a) (b) How was Jawaharlal Nehru influenced by socialist ideas? How did the Socialist thinking of Nehru and other leaders influence the Congress before 1942? (c) How did Patel succeed in avoiding the evil consequences of the doctrine of Page 10 of 85
General Studies (Mains) Paper I ► 1989
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lapse of paramountcy and in integrating Indian States ? (About 150 words each) 3. Answer any three of the following: 10×3=30 (a) Analyse briefly the contribution of religious reform movements to the growth of extremist nationalist movement. (b) did more harm than good to the British Rule in (c) Describe the main feature of the Panchayati Raj Bills. Does it, in your opinion, modify its federal character? (d) (About 50 words each) 4. (a) Write about the chief characteristics of the following: (i) Carnatic music (ii) Kishangarh style of painting (iii) Nagara style of architecture (iv) Neo-art movement of Rabindranath Tagore (b) what do you know about the following movements ? (i) Rahnumai Mazda Yasnam (ii) The Bhagat Movement (iii) The Wahabi Movement (c) Where are the following located and why have they been in the news ? (i) Moga (ii) Chandipur (iii) Damansky Island (Chen Pao) (d) Why have the following become famous ? (i) Subrahamania Bharati (ii) Chanipur (iii) Damansky Brothers (iv) Panna Lal Patel (v) Khudiram Bose (two sentence on each) 2×15=30 SECTION II 5. What is Super-301? Why is India concerned about it and how has she reacted to it? OR What are the differences in the approaches of India Nepal to the transit-trade question? How is this question complicated by other issues? About 250 words) 35 6. Attempt any three of the following: (a) Who are the Bodos? Why have they become restive recently? (b) Why has the Jharkhand Movement acquired prominence? What are its main demands? (c) Discuss the significance of the 4th SAARC Summit. (d) What has been the role of the European Parliament? Did the recent elections to it reflect any change to member counties, particularly in Britain? Page 11 of 85
General Studies (Mains) Paper I ► 1989
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(About 50 words each) 10×3=30 7. Attempt any six of the following: (a) What is Sugar Sampada? What has been its contribution? (b) What is Sardar Sarovar Project? What is the nature of the controversy surrounding it? (c) What was the Recruit Scandal? What have been its implications? (d) Why has the Siachen Glacier been in the news? What could be the main purpose behind the Indo-Pak parleys on the issue? (e) Why has the Tiananmen Square come in the news recently? (f) Write a short note on the recent shift in the US attitude towards the PLO. (g) What is the Golden Triangle? Why is it notorious? (h) Which event marked the outbreak of the French Revolution? What stands at that site today ? (About 50 words on each) 5×6=30 8. (a) With which game are the following associated: (i) Konica Cup (ii) Wellington Trophy (iii) Snick (iv) Cue (b) Who are the following? Why were they in the news recently? (i) Dr. Verghese Kurien (ii) Jan Ove Waldner (iii) Andreas Papendreau (iv) Helen Suzman (v) R.S.Pathak (vi) Carlos Saul Menem (vii) Fang Lizhi (viii) Stephen Solarz (c) (i) Which film won the maximum number of wards in the 36 the National Film Awards-1989 ? Who was its Director? (ii) Which film won the maximum number of awards for best feature film on National Integration? In which language was it made? (iii) was it made? (About two sentences each) 2×15=30 SECTION III 9. The Productivity of the traditional varieties of a certain crop in a district was reported to be 80 qtls. / Hectrate. As it was considered to be too low it was decided to introduce High Yielding Varieties (HYN) in the district. In The first year, it was tried in 3200 hectares which yielded 31000 tonnes of the crop. In the next four years, the area under HYV 3400, 3900, 4200 and 4700 hectares respectively and the corresponding yield was 33000, 35100, 33600 and 37600 tonnes. During this period, the productivity of the traditional varieties
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General Studies (Mains) Paper I ► 1989
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remained constant at 80qtls/.hectare. (a) Present the data relating to HYV in a tabular form. (b) An agricultural scientist was very unhappy with the above results. What were the reasons of his unhappiness. 12 10. Represent the following data showing the value of exports and imports (in Crores Rupees) by a graph. Year
Exports
Imports
1955
26
35
1960
32
40
1965
35
48
1970
47
50
1975
52
50
1980
57
52
Assuming the rate of growth of imports as well as exports to be uniform during each five-year period, find out the year after which the balance of trade became favorable. 11. (a) In an Assembly election, out of one hundred seats 52 were won by Part A, 26 by Part B and 22 by Party C. But Out of the total Number of valid votes, these parties secured 465, 26% and 28% of votes respectively. How do you explain this phenomenon? 5 (b) In a class of 50 students, the average marks obtained by them in a test were 40. Pass marks were 30. The average failed ones were 20 what percentage of students failed? 5 OR The cost of production of commodity A is lower than that of B by 10%. Both the commodities are sold at a profit of 20%. If 10 tonnes of commodity B were sold for Rs. 6,000, how much same amount of profit? 5 12. The diagram below represents the value of exports of commodities A, B, C, D, E and F. The total value of all exports is Rs. 9,600 crores. (a) Find out the value in respect of each commodity and present the data in a tabular form. 12 (b) What should be the more appropriate order in which the commodities may
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General Studies (Mains) Paper I ► 1990
be arranged in a proper Pie Diagram?
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3
1990 SECTION I 1. Trace the origin of the Swaraj Party. What was the manifesto of the Swaraj British? Or
35
What was the attitude of the Indian National Congress towards the Second World War? What was the August Offer? What were the factors that led the British to change its negative policy and send Cripps to India? (About 250 words) 2. Answer any two of the following 15×2=30 (a) f Socialism? How did it differ from Marxian socialism? (b) What were the main features of the Act of 1935? What was Jawaharlal what effect? (c) education from the early days of the British rule to the year 1947. (About 150 words each) 3. Answer any three of the following: 10×3=30 (a) How did Lala Lajpat Rai and Bal Gangadhar Tilak champion the cause of militant nationalism in India? (b) If Aurobindo was the high priest, Rabindranath, was the great poet of the (c) Give a critical account of the Ramakrishna Mission with special reference to the role Played by Swami Vivekananda. (d) When and why did the revolt of the ratings of the Royal Indian Navy take Place? Why did they suspend the movement? What were the attitudes of Gandhi and Patel towards the movement? (About 50 words each) 4. (a) Write about the chief characteristics of the following : (i) Classical Music (ii) Bharat Nat yam (iii) Shab-i-Barat (iv) Kangra School of Painting (b) What do you know about the following movements? Page 14 of 85
General Studies (Mains) Paper I ► 1990
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(i) Farazi Movement (ii) Suddhi Movement (iii) The Young Bengal Movement (c) Where are the following located and why have they been in the news? (i) Gabriela (ii) Tin Bigha (iii) Zambia (d) Why have the following become famous? (i) Kunwar Singh (ii) S.H.Slocum (iii) P.Ananda Charu (iv) K.M.Munshi (v) Muzaffar Ahmed (About 20 words on each) 2×15=30 SECTION II 5. What were the basic difference between Iraq and Kuwait which led to the invasion of Kuwait? What are the likely repercussions on India? OR
35
What were the highlights of the discussions held between the Indian Prime - Soiet relation? (About 250 words) 6. Attempt any three of the following: 2×15=30 (a) Analyse the different phases of the Naxalite Movement from its inception to present day. What were the intial drawbacks of movement? (b) What are the main features of the agreement between Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev and the West German Chancellor Helmut Kohl in July, 1990 on terms of German Unification? (c) Write briefly about the pro-democracy Movement in Nepal and its latest Outcome. (d) Explain in brief the major shift in the American policy towards Kampuchea. (About 75 words each) 7. Attempt any six of the following: 5×6=30 (a) Name the seven richest industrialized nation of the world. When and where did they meet recently? What were the broad agreements arrived at the meeting? (b) Where is Tehri Dam located and what is the scope of the project? What are the objections of the En (c) What are the basic points of dispute over the sharing of the Cauvery water? What are the recommendations of the Supreme Court? (d) What has been the significant event in Myanmar? What may be the possible outcome of the event? (e) Who has been chosen as the first Non-Communist leader in four decades in Bulgaria? What are its political repercussions? Page 15 of 85
General Studies (Mains) Paper I ► 1990
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(f) What are the broad decisions of the meeting of the Indo-Bangladesh Joint River Commission held in June, 1990? (g) Write a short note on European Common Market (1992) (h) What are the important recommendations of the technical committee headed by Air Marshal Ramdass regarding operation of A-320 aircraft in Indian Airlines? (About 30 words on each) 8. (a) With which games are the following associated? (i) Scoop (ii) Gambit (iii) Let (b) Who are the following? Why were they in the news recently? (i) Harindranath chattopadhyay (ii) Leander Paes (iii) Quarratul-ain-Haidar (iv) Sam Nujoma (v) Ashwini Nanchappa (vi) Irving Wallance (vii) Rex Harrion (viii) Monica Seles (c) (i) Who won the best actress award in the 37 th National Film Festival in 1990 and for acting in which film? (ii) Which two old Hollywood actors got Oscar Awards in recent years and for acting in which film? (iii) (iv) What are the real Names of the following superstars who have distinguished themselves in the World Cup Competition? 1. The Black Diamond 2. The Golden Head (About 20 words on each) 2×15=30 SECTION III 9. (a) The following is a report on the accidents given by the Southern Railways:
decreased by 300 in 1981 and further decreased by 400 in 1982. The total number of accidents in the metre-gauge Section was 245 in 1980, 346 in 1981 -gauge Section
Prepare a complete table from the above report. 6 (b) The following table gives the classification of 300 electric bulbs according to their life-times in hours: Life time in hours
Numbers of bulbs
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General Studies (Mains) Paper I ► 1990
950-1050 1050-1150 1150-1250 1250-1350 1350-1450 1450-1550 1550-1650 1650-1750 1750-1850 1850-1950 1950-2050 2050-2150
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4 9 19 36 51 58 53 37 20 9 3 1
Find the limits within which the first 50% of the bulbs fail. 6 10 (a) Indiacate the diagram you would consider most appropriate for representing each one of the following classes of statiscal data: (i) Distribution of the number of candidates according to the number of marks scored by each at a public examination. (ii) Distribution of age, sex and civil conditions of persons enumerated at the Census in 1981. (iii) Distribution of assets of All-India Life Insurance Companies put together as on June 30, 1989 (iv) Total value of Indian Exports and Imports during the year 1980 to 1989. (b) Proposed investment in States A and B under the VIII th Five-year Plan on different heads are given below in crores of Rupees. Sketch suitable diagrams to represent the data. Give reasons for your choice of the particular diagrammatic representation: Proposed Investment in Crores of Rupees S.NO.
Head
State A
State B
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Agriculture Industries Power Transport Irrigation Village Industries Social Service Education
2,250 2,500 1,950 1,600 750 700 1,750 500
1,125 1,250 975 800 3758 350 875 250
Total
12,000 6,000
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General Studies (Mains) Paper I ► 1990
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11. (a) Point out the mistake or ambiguities in the following statements and give the correct answer: 6 (i) The average cost of production of a commodity was Rs.1.50 in 1985 and Rs. 1.75 in 1986. So the factory has become inefficient. (ii) A person goes from Station X to Station Y on a cycle at 20 km per hour and returns at 24 km per hours. His average speed is 22 km per hour. (b) The average weight of 10 persons was recorded as 52 kg. Later is was found that the weight that the weight of two persons were wrongly recorded as 48 kg and 52 kg instead of 38 kg and 67 kg respectively. Calculate the correct average. 7 Or A Person purchases milk on our four consecutive months at the Rate of Rs. 4.00, Rs 5.00, Rs 6.00 and Rs. 7.00 per litre respectively. If he spends equal amount on milk during these months, what is the average price of milk per litre he pays? 12. (a) It is known statistically that the proportion of rainy days in the month of June for Kerla is 3/5. In one particular year, it rained on all days from June 1 to June 18. Based on this Information, someone predicts that it wills this prediction? Justify your answer. 6 (b) The table given below gives the average annual price in Rupees per litre of edible oil for all years from all years from 1976 to 1987: Years
Price per Litre of the Edible Oil
1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987
42.50 40.00 50.0 62.50 55.00 45.00 52.50 65.00 72.00 60.00 80.00 82.00
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General Studies (Mains) Paper I ► 1991
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Plot this data on a graph paper chronologically, examine the pattern of change in the observed annual average prices as year progress and give the approximate annual rate change in the price line graphically.
1991 SECTION I 1. beginning of 1947 till the attachment of Independence. OR
35
Discuss the growth of revolutionary terrorism with special reference to its ramifications in Maharashtra, Bengal and Punjab till the first decade of the twentieth century.(About 250 words) 2. Answer any two of the following: 15×2=30 (a) What was Harijan Movement? Why and with what effect did Gandhi launch individual Satyagraha? (b) the vast unemployment, the degradation and the subjection of the Indian the objectives through national Planning? (c) Trace the growth and development of University education till 1919. (About 150 words each) 3. Answer any three of the following: 10×3=30 (a) State briefly the various facets of his life. (b) How far was Rabindranath Tagore a poet of Mankind? (c) Discuss the role of the Theosophical Society in the history of religious movement in India. (d) State the various regulations imposed by the British Government to curtail the freedom of the press.(About 50 words each) 4. Answer any three of the following: 10×3=30 (About 20 words on each) (a) Write about the chief characteristic of the following: (i) Chandella school of architecture (ii) Manipur dance (iii) Baisakhi (iv) Janmashtami (b) What do you know about the following movements? (i) Swadeshi Movement (ii) Khilafat Movement (iii) Namdhari Movement (c) Where are the following located and why have they been in the news?
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(i) Rudrapur (ii) Kachchativu (ii) Moron (d) Why have the following become famous? (i) S.A.Dange (ii) C. Sankaran Nair (iii) Titu Mir (iv) Theodore Beck SECTION II 5. Who were the main participants at the West Asian peace Conference in Madrid and what were the main issue confronting the participants? What do you think has been achieved at the meet? 35 OR Briefly describe the chain of major events towards the end of 1991 which led to the dissolution of the Soviet Union and the resignation of Mikhail Gorbachov. that in the Security Council.(About 250 words) 6. Attempt any three of the following: 10×3=30 (a) think it has been a success? (b) What do you know of the new Secretary-General of the United Nations? Mention some of the more challenging (c) In what way India made a significant contribution at the CHOGM summit at Harare? Who host the next CHOGM and when? (d) What is the genesis of the Yugoslav unrest? What has been the reaction of the European Community towards it? (About 75 words each) 7. Attempt any five of the following: 6×5=30 (a) What is National Integration Council? Is there a need for it? What was the major outcome of the recent meeting of the National Integration Council? (b) What was the magnitude of the Bhopal Gas Tragedy and what was the sailent feature of the Supreme Court verdit on the Bhopal Gas Tragedy? (c) reactor to Iran? (d) Briefly indicate why and what types of problems were faced by the United Germany consequent on its unification. (e) Where Antarctica and what is is there so special about it? What do you know of any ban on exploration in Antarctica? (f) What main topics were discussed at the NATO Summit at Rome recently and indicate the main trends which emerged out of it? (g) magnitude of their problem? (About 50 words on each) 8. (a) with which games are the following associated : (i) Begum Hazrat Mahal Trophy (ii) Swaythling Cup (iii) Vijay Hazre Trophy Page 20 of 85
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(b) Why have the following been in the news of late? (i) Ben Okri (ii) Nasiruddin Dagar (iii) Carla Hills (iv) Shankar Guha Neogy (v) Father Jean Bertrand Aristide (vii) Dr.M.S. Swaminathan (viii) Durga Khota (c) (i) title role? (ii) Who won the Wimbledon Championship in 1991? Who was his opponent and of which nationality? (iii) Who has been adjudged the best film Director at the 38Th National Film Festivals for 1990 and for which film? (iv) Where was the Olympic Hockey qualifying tournament played? Who won it?(About two sentence on each) 15×2=30 SECTION III 9. (a) A medical report mentioned that 85 per cent of the residents of a village have been vaccinated against a disease and that 70 Per cent escaped the disease. Neverthless, the percentage of those who were vaccinated but who suffered from the disease was 5. Show that this report cannot be correct. 6 (b) The income and expenditure of a bank for the year 1985-86 is given below. Represent the data by a pie diagram: Total Income (in lakhs) 5,086 Expenditure (in lakhs) Interest paid : 3,179 Salaries : 1,429 Rent : Other : Profit :
:
Rs.
Rs. Rs. Rs. 152 Rs. 257 Rs.69
10. (a) The following table gives the number of runs scored by two batsmen A and B in the last five matches: A 40 50 60 40 50 B 100 120 5 5 10 Which batsman would you prefer for inclusion in the team for the next match? Why? 6 (b) The following tables give the classification of 100 electric bulbs of two types A and B according to their life time in hours.
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General Studies (Mains) Paper I ► 1991
Life time in Hours
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Number of Bulbs Type A Type B
900-1000 1000-1100 1100-1200 1200-1300 1300-1400 1400-1500
3 5 22 40 20 10
5 10 25 30 15 15
Both the types come with a guarantee periods of 1100 hours, during which all failed bulbs are replaced free of cost. Which type of bulbs would you prefer? Why? If the manufacture of type A bulbs wants to ensure that the proportion of bulbs that fail during the guarantee period should not exceed 0.05, what guarantee period should be offer? 11. (a) Examine the following statements critically : 6 (i) In Delhi, 80% of road accidents involve male drivers, while only 20% involve female drivers. Therefore, females are better drivers. (ii) A good idea about the average monthly income of individuals in a city in India can be obtained by calculating the average of the monthly incomes of a random sample of 100 persons selected from the telephone directory. (iii) One can predict the winning candidate in an election by taking every tenth voter coming out of an election booth to name the candidate for whom he has voted. (b) 100 fish from a lake were trapped, marked and released in the lake. Afte r allowing enough time to ensure that the marked fish have mixed freely with the unmarked ones, 20 fish were caught and bound to contain 5 marked and 15 unmarked fish. Using this information, give an estimation of the total number of fish in the lake. 8 12. (a) The following data is concerned with the annual turnover in lakhs of rupees of a manufacturing company : Year 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 Turnover 342 380 385 420 480 obtain the average annual rate of increase in turnover and forecast the turnover for 1991. (b) Let X denote the output of an employee before a training programme and Y that after the training programme. Statistical analysis indicates that X and Y are related by the equation Y=20+0.95X, Where X range from 40 to 100. The management claims that since 0.95 is less than one, the training programme reduces the output of the employee. Do you agree with the management?
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Justify your answer. OR
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6
A region has varying degrees of cloudiness in the month of July. The degree of cloudiness is rated on an 11 point scale from 0 to 10; 0 denoting clear skies and 10 denoting completely overcast skies. The histogram below gives the classification of 1400 observations on degrees of cloudiness.
Prepare a table showing the frequency distribution of degrees of cloudiness. Comment briefly on the nature of cloudiness in the region. 6
1992 SECTION I 1. 'The Viceroyalities of Lord Lytton and Lord Ripon formed an inmportant landmark in the history of the Indian National Movement'. Examine the truth of the statement. OR How far was the Swadeshi Movement linked with Boycott? Analysis the nature of mass paticiaption in the Movement. (About 250 words) 2. Answer any two of the following: 15x2=30 (a) Analysis jawaharlal Nehru's views on Independence and Dominion Status. How far these reflected in the policy enunciated by the Lahore Congress? (b) Why did Mahatma Gandhi launch Civil Disobedience Movement? Analyse the intensity of the movement in differents parts of India. (c) 'The railways did in India what they did elsewhere from handicraft to machanical industry by transport situation.' Discuss. (About 150 words) 3. Answer any three of the following: 10x3=30 (a) Write a short history of the Local Self-Government till the Reforms of 1919. (b) How far the labour lagislations of the British Govenrment were meant to ameliorate the condition of the working class.
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(c) What were the contributions of the Arya Samaj to social and religious movement of India? (d) Discuss Tagore's concept on education. How far was it a departure from conventional system of education? (About 50 words each) 4. (a) Write about the chief features of the following: (i) Sunga art (ii) Kathakali (iii) ram Navami (b) What do you know about the following movemwnt? (i) Wahabi Movement (ii) Indigo Movemwnt (iii) Quit India Movement (c) Where are the following located and why have they been in the news recently? (i) Cuttack (ii) Ayodhya (iii) Guadaljara (d) Why have the following become famous? (i) M.A. Ansari (ii) P.C. Joshi (iii) Indulal Yagnik (iv) Lord Pethwick Lawrence (v) Sree Narayan Guru (vi) Nandlal Bose (About 20 words on each) 2x15=30 SECTION II 5. Twenty five year terms of Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty will come to an end in 1995. Some important members want it to be renewed, as it is, for another 25 or 50 years. What are its basic provisions and how will its renewal adversely affect India's interests? 35 OR What were the proposal of President F.W. de Klerk on democratisation in South Africa? Why did the African National Congress break off the negotiations? What steps are being taken to resume negotiations? (About 250 words) 6. Attempt any two of the following: 15x2=30 (a) What is Eager Mace? What have been its objectives and in what respect has it been criticised? (b) For what reasons have Russia and Japan failed to sign a peace treaty? What are the latest developments in this respect? (c) What are the recommendations of the Ramamurthi Committee in respect of Navodaya Schools? What are the observations of the Committee of Central Advisory Board of education (CABE) on its recommendations. (About 125 words each) 7. Attempt any five of the following: 6x5=30 (a) When and where was the United Nations Conference on Trade Development held recently? What was its major decision? (b) What are the unique features of 'Agni' launched recently by India? When and from where was it launched? What has been the reaction of the USA? Page 24 of 85
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(c) What stand was taken by India at the recent Security Council Summit in regard to nuclear Non-Proliferation? What major decision was taken by the Summit? (d) In what respect can the recent arms control agreement between the USA and Russia be considered as a big step forward towards disarmament? (e) What is the magnitude of the drought in Africa? (f) What punitive steps have been taken by the Bush administration against Pakistan to discourage it from its nuclear weapon programme? (g) When and why did India establish full diplomatic relations with Israel? (About 50 words on each) 8. (a) With which games are the following associated: (i) Chukkar (ii) Coxwain (iii) Jigger (b) Who are the following? Why have they been in the news recently? (i) Subhash Mukhopadhyay (ii) Ganesh Sittampalam (iii) Dr. Sudhir Gupta (iv) Kab-Soon (v) Albert Rene (vi) lord Leonar Cheshire (vii) Sheila Elain Wager (viii) Rosaline Wilson (c) (i) Who have been given the Simon Bolivar Prizes for 1992 by the UNESCO? (ii) Which film was adjudged the best feature film on national integration in the 39th national Film Awards for 1991 and which award was given? (iii) Who won gold metal in women's tennis in Barcelona Olympic Games? Who was defeated in this Final? (iv) Who was the first triple gold medalist at Barcelona in Swimming? In which events to new world records were set up by this Sportsperson? (About two sentences each) 2x15=30 SECTION III 9. (a) 'In an examination, 500 students appeared of which 40% were girls. Of these, 100 students including 20 girls were declared to be unsuccessful. Among those who were successful, 20% were placed in third division while 10% got first division. the remaining students were placed in second division of which half were boys. No girl, however got first division, Represent the above information in a suitable tabular form. 7 (b) An investigator reported the following figures to his office about a certain district: (i) Total area of district=2536 sq. km. (ii) Total number of police station in the district=10 (iii) Density of population=252 sq. km. (iv) Total number of families in the district=9653 (v) Average area under the jurisdiction of a police=250 sq. km. Page 25 of 85
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(vi) Average size (number of members) of a family=5.9 (vii) Percentages of Hindus, Muslims and others are 63.6, 36.2 and 1.9 respectively. Scrutinizine the data & point out all inconsisrencies. 6 10. (a) Represent the following data by a pie diagram: 8 Level of Schools
Enrolment (in lakhs)
Elementary Junior Secondary Higher Secondary Total
87.02 36.97 11.83 4.47 140.29
(b) State the most appropriate diagram to represent the following data: 4 (i) The number of tourists visiting a country during each of last thirty years (ii) The number of registered allopathic and homeopathic doctors in six different states (iii) Five-year plan outlay in different economic sectors (iv) The number of automobile accidents on a highway during each of last 100 days. 11. (a) The following table shows the time spent by 200 students in watching television programmes during a month: Time (in hours) Less than 10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70 70-80 80-90 More than 90
Number of Students 8 16 26 20 30 40 20 18 16 6
Calculate: (i) the number of students spending up to 25 hours (ii) the number of students spending at least 55 hours
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(b) The following table shows the marks abtained by there students A, B and C in an examination:Determine which students have shown:
Subject ↓ Students A B C
Maximum marks in each subject 800 700 900 600 1000 S1
S2
S3
S4
S5
550 553 549 540 500 480 420 540 360 600 424 427 423 426 420
Determine which students have shown: (i) most consistance performance and (ii) most inconsistent performance 7 12. (a) State whether the following statements are true or false, justifying your answer in each case: 6 (i) A lady claims that she call tell whether sugar was added first or milk was added first to a cup of tea (prepared with milk and sugar) by drinking just one sip. To test her claim, five cups of tea are given to her and she makes inference in each case. She turns out to be correct in three cases. Her claim is justified. (ii) A bank offers two kinds of fixed deposit schemes. In the first, two times the principal amount is paid at the end of six years, while, in the second scheme, four times the principal amount is paid at the end of eighteen years. If simple interest is paid in either case, the second scheme is better in terms of simple rate of interest. (iii) 95% of the students who voted in favour of making the study of English Language compulsory were from convent schools. therefore, the voting was biased. (b) An investor decides to invest his money Rs. 2,50,000 as follows. The expected rate of return and the actual rate of return are given below: Name of Company AB fertilisers BC mills CD chemicals DE Pharmaceuticals
Amount invested
Expected rate of return
Actual rate of return
Rs. 75,000 Rs. 75,000 Rs. 25,000 Rs. 75,000
15% 20% 10% 25%
20% 20% 15% 5%
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Calculate the expected and actual overall return on his total investment.
1993 SECTION I 1. ''Mahatma Gandhi's succession, during 1916-20, in getting the 'technique of non-violent satyagraha accepted by the nation as a weapon of struggle against the British was phenomenal.'' Elucidate. 35 OR Why was Bengal partitioned in 1905? How did it lead to the growth of extermist and terrorist schools of nationalism? Why was it annulled and with what consequences? (About 250 words) 2. Answer any two of the following: 15x2=30 (a) ''From August offer of mountabatten Plan was a logical Revolution.'' Discuss (b) What was the Macdonald Award? How was it modified and with what results? (c) Analyse the main differences between the approaches of Tilak and Gokhale on social and political issues. (About 150 words each) 3. Answer any three of the following: 10x3=30 (a) What were the basic differences between the conservative and the liberal schools of administrators in the latter of the 19th century? (b) ''The Minto-Morely Reforms did not and could not provide an answer to Indian problems.'' Explain. (c) ''The Lucknow Pack of 1916 was signed without regard for its consequences.'' Elucidate. (d) Explain Rabindranath Tagore's Plan of village reconstruction. (About 50 words each) 4. (a) Write about the chief feature of the following: (i) Mathura School of Art (ii) Bundi School of Painting (iii) Mughal Architecture at Fatehpur Sikri (b) What do you know about the following? (i) Home Rule Movement (ii) Temple Entry Programme (iii) Mass Contact programme of Nehru (iv) Sikander-Jinnah Pact (c) Why did the following places become famous during the freedom struggle? (i) Dandi (ii) Haripura (iii) Surat (iv) Bardoli (d) Why have the following become famous?
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(i) C.Ilbert (ii) John Simon (iii) Ramsay Macdonald (iv) Wavell (About 20 words on each) 2x15=30 SECTION II 5. What were the objects of the UN-sponsored for bringing peace in Cambodia? Discuss. 35 OR What recent development have been responsible for bringing India and Israel closer? What progress has been made in this direction during the last one year? Discuss. (About 250 words) 6. Attempt any three of the following: 10x3=30 (a) How do the recommendations of the world Conference on human Rights held at Vienna reflect India's concern in terrorism and self-determination? (b) How have the Indo-US relations improved during the last two years? Discuss. (c) What is ISO 9000? why is it much in demand these days? (d) Why has the question of child labour become more important recently? How is it going to affect India? (About 100 words each) 7. Attempt any six of the following: 5x6=30 (a) What are the objections of the various countries to the signing of the chemical weapons treaty? (b) What is the problem of the Chakmas? Why have the Chakma refugees refused to go back to their homeland? (c) What policy intiatives have been taken to reduce water pollution of major rivers in India? (d) Why did the European power find it difficult to solve the Bosnian crisis? (e) Should the speaker of a Legislative Assembly appear before the courts on summons? Justify your viewpoint. (f) For what purposes was the Consumers Protection Act enacted in India? How far would the latest amendments in the Act help the self-employed persons? (g) What are the significant achievments of G-7 summit held in 1993? (h) What do you about the formation of Eritrea? What is the magnitude of the problems which it faces? (About 50 words each) 8. (a) With which games are the following associated: (i) Indira Priyadarshini Trophy (ii) Ezra Cup (iii) Sudirman Cup (b) Who are the following? Why have they been in the news recently? (i) G.V. Iyer (ii) tansu Ciller (iii) Leila Attar Page 29 of 85
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(iv) Pratibha Roy (v) Betty Boothroyd (vi) Dicky Dalma (vii) Dr. Svetoslav Roerich (viii) S. Mulgaokar (c) (i) Who were honoured this year with Arjuna Awards for outstanding Contribution in Weightlifting & Rowing? (ii) Who received the best child artist award at the 40th National Film Festival and for which film? (iii) Who won the best Director's awards for the year 1992 at the 40th National Films Festival and for which film? (iv) Who won the Italian Open Women Tennis Final in May 1993 and who was the runner-up? (About 30 words on each) 30 SECTION III 9. (a) Represent the following report in tabular form: ''In 1991 census, in an area of a state, it was that out of the total population of 128 million, 74 million belonged to urban areas. In urban area 25 million were Hindu males, While of the urban female population of 34 million, only 12 million were non-Hindus. Out of a total of 41 million non-Hindus in the whole area, only 23 million were males. Also, there were 22 million of Hindu females living in rural areas." 8 The following is a factory inspector's report: " Of 500 workers, there are 405 skilled workers, 225 males and 65 skilled females." Can he be correct? Justify your answer. 4 10. (a) The following is pie-diagram representing the values of export of six commodities A, B, C, D, E and F in country. If the total value of exports is Rs. 9600 crores, calculate the value of exports of the commidities A, B, C, D, E and F respectively. (b) The average marks of 600 students in an examination is 42. Among them, the average marks of the top 150 students is 76, while that of the last 250 students? 6 11. (a) What is the most appropriate diagram to represent the following data: (i) The world book production during the last ten years (ii) The number of allopath and homeopath doctors in a state during the last five years (iii) the number of salaried employees getting salaries in the ranges: a 1-a2, a2a3, a3-a4,............,an-1-an. (iv) The monthly expenditure on different items by a family. (b) the following table gives the distribution of scores obtained by 500 students in an examination: Score Numbers of Page 30 of 85
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Students 0-9 10-19 20-29 30-39 40-49 50-59 60-69 70-79 80-89 90100
20 28 52 86 128 76 59 26 17 8
Calculate (assuming that the number is uniformly distributed within each interval): (i) the score below which lie the scores of half of the total number of students. (ii) the passing score if 20% of the students fail (iii) the percentage of first divisioners (getting scores of 60 or more) 9 12. (a) State whether the following statements are true or false. Give reasons for your answer: (i) 99% of those who drink liquor die before reaching the age of 100 years. Therefore, drinking is bad for longevity. (ii) The average income of a factory proprietor, the employees are being fabulously paid. (iii) In a report on consumer preferance it was given that of 500 persons surveyed 410 preffered variety A, 380 preffered variety B and 270 persons preffered both the varieties equally. (b) The audited financial results of a company for the years 1991-92 and 199293 are given below: 1991-92 (Rs. 1992-93 (Rs. In lakhs) in lakhs) 1. Income from operations 2. Other Income 3. Expenditure 4. Interest paid 5. Depreciation 6. Provision for taxes
1873.80 247.99 412.36 1091.29 207.21 18.33
4383.08 505.04 730.48 2797.50 645.14 10.00
Calculate the net profit and their percentage of total income earned by the company in each year. 6
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General Studies (Mains) Paper I ► 1994
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1994 SECTION I 1. How did the outbreak of the Second World War affect India's political scence? Did the Cripps Mission resolve the political crisis in India? (About 250 words) 35 OR Trace the energence of Gandhiji in Indian political scene till the Champaran Stayagraha of 1917. What was the basic philosophy of Satyagraha enunciated by him? (About 250 words) 2. Answer any two of the following: 15x2=30 (a) Discuss the outstanding Tribal uprising against the British rule during the nineteenth century. (b) What is meant by 'un-British' rule in India? How did the Indian nationalists react against it? Evaluate the role of Dadabhai Naroji in exposing the evils of British rule in India. (c) Discuss the British policy towards Tibet from the end of the nineteenth century to the Viceroyalty of Lord Curzon. (About 150 words each) 3. Answer any two of the following: 15x2=30 (a) What were the contributions of the Moderates in the formative stage of the Indian National Congress? (b) Explain the part played by Annie Besant in the Home Rule Movement. (c) In what way did the international events in the late twenties of the present century influence Jawaharlal Nehru's radical views? (d) Why did Tagore emphasize on the primacy of the social over the political order? (About 75 words each) 4. (a) Write about the chief features of the following: (i) Dev Devali (ii) Gandhara School of Art (iii) Indian Ballet (b) What do you know about the following? (i) Tana Bhagat Movement (ii) Satyashodak Movement (iii) Khilafat Movement (c) Where are the following located and what are they famous for? (i) Lothal (ii) Lumbini (iii) Vailankanni (d) Why have the following become famous? (i) N.G.Ranga (ii) C.Y. Chintamani (iii) Sir William Wedderburn (iv) Narendra Dev (v) M.R. Jayakar
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(vi) Madan Lal Dhingra (About 20 words on each ) 2x15=30 SECTION II 5. Examine the present status of Indo-U.S. relations. What are the major irritants in the relation between the two countries? 35 OR Explain the background of and the reasons for the strained U.S.-Japanies trade relations. (About 250 words) 6. Attempt any three of the following: 10x3=30 (a) What are the causes of civil strife in Rwanda? (b) What is the stand of the Election Commission on the residential qualification of the members of the Rajya Sabha? (c) Discuss the problem of factional politics in Afghanistan. (d) What are the issues in the Bosnian tangle? (About 100 words each) 7. Atempt any five of the following: 5x6=30 (a) Explain the concept of 'global village'. (b) What are the Euro issues? (c) What are the recommendations of the Malhotra committee? (d) What is HAMAS? (e) What is Marraesh Declaration? (f) What is Eurostar? (g) What role has India to play in the recent happening in Myanmar? (About 50 words each) 8. (a) With which games are the following associated: (i) Rohinton Baria Trophy (ii) Obaidullah Gold Cup (iii) Bunting (b) Who are the following? Why have they been in the news recently? (i) Aarti Saha (ii) Alexander Solzhenitsyn (iii) Banoo Koyaji (iv) Peter Sutherland (v) Balvin Kapil (vi) Roger Bannister (vii) Vaikom Mohammed Basheer (viii) talisma Nasreen (c) (i) Who won the Wimbledon Men's Singles Final of 1994? Who was the runner-up? (ii) Who is known as the 'Maradona of the Carpathia'? (iii) Which film has got the best non-feature film award in the 41st National Film Festival Awards? (iv) How many qualifying teams played in the World Cup'94? What is the official name of the World Cup now. (About 20 words on each) 2x15=30 Page 33 of 85
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SECTION III 9. The test below gives the admission figures in a university, consisting of Arts and Science Faculties only, during the years 1986, 1987 and 1988: ''The total number of students in 1986 was 6500. It increased by 8% in 1987 and further increased by 10% in 1988. The number of female students was 1000 in 1986, it increased by 12% in 1987 and further increased by 10% in 1988. Among the female students, the number of sciences students was 325, 396 and 473 in 1986, 1987 and 1988 respectively. Among the male students, the number of Arts students was 4805, 5030 and 5362 repectively, in the three years." Present the information in a tabular form. Also calculate the percentage increase of male students in 1988 as compared to 1986. 12 10. (a) Draw a pie diagram to show the population figures of different regions of world in the year 1968. (State the relative percentage population figures and the corresponding angles) Regions
Population in Lakhs
Asia 19460 America 4890 Europe 4550 Africa 3360 USSR 2390 Oceania 350 (b) Examine the correctness of the following report about the liking of consumers for two products A and B; "50% liked both A and B, 35% liked A but not B, and 25% liked B but not A." 11. (a) Mention, in each case, the most appropriate diagram to represent the following data: (i) the population figures of a state at different census. (ii) the number of educational institution for men and for women in India in ten different years (iii) the percentage of national income from various sources in a country during a certain year (iv) the number of car accidents in a road during each of last fifty days (b) The following table shows the distribution of monthly income for 580 persons: Monthly No. of income (in Rs.) persons less than 1000 less than 1500 less than 2000 less than 2500 less than 3000
53 133 254 394 500
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General Studies (Mains) Paper I ► 1995
less than 3500 less than 4000 less than 4500 less than 5000
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542 560 571 578
Find: (i) the percentage of persons having income between Rs. 1500 and Rs. 4500 6 12. (a) State whether the following statements are true or false. Give reasons for your answer. (i) It is dangerous to lie in bed as about 90% of death so far occured have been in bed. (ii) Female workers in a factory are more punctual than male workers since percentage of female and male persons coming on time are 90% and 50% respectively. (iii) Road conditions have not necessarily improved because the number of road accidents has diminished. 6 (b) The mean age of 50 persons was found to be 32 years. LAter it was detected that age 57 was misread as 27, age 60 was misread as 35 and age 28 was misread as 33. Find the corrected mean age. 6
1995 1. Do you think that the Partition of India was inevitable? Discuss the attitudes of Mahatma Gandhi, Pandit Nehru and Maulana Azad towards the crucial question of Partition. 35 OR In what way did the Civil Disobedience Movement affect the different provinces of India? How did it foster peasant movement in India? (About 250 words) 2. Answer any to of the following: 15x2=30 (About 150 words each) (a) When was the system of open competitive examination in the Indian Civil Services introduced? Analyse the growth of the Indian Civil Service till the passing of the Government of India Act, 1919. (b) Discuss the various acpects of social legislation introduced by the East India Company in the first half of the nineteenth century. (c) Trace the emergence of Indian nationalism till the foundation of the Indian National Congress. 2. Answer any to of the following: 10x3=30 (About 75 words each) (a) How did the British illustrate Lord Canning's policy in treating the Indian Page 35 of 85
General Studies (Mains) Paper I ► 1995
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Princes as 'Breakwaters in the storm'? (b) Assess the growth and development of Technical Education during the British rule. (c) 'Swami Vivekananda might well be called the father of Indian nationalism.' Elucidate. (d) How far was Gurudev Rabindranath tagore's concept of religion wedded to his love of nature? 4. (a) Write about the chief features of the following: (i) Shab-i-Barat (ii) Ganesh Chaturthi (iii) Dravidian architechture (d) What do you know about the following? (i) Aligarh Movement (ii) Shuddhi Movement (iii) brahmo Movement (c) Where are the following located and why have they been in the news recently: (i) Thiruvananthpuram (ii) Charar-e-Sharif (iii) Bara Hoti (d) Why have the following becomes famous? (i) Bhai Parmanand (ii) Dr. Satyapal (iii) Vasudeo Balwant Phadke (iv) George Yule (v) N.C. Kelkar (vi) C.F.Andrews (About 20 words each) 2x15=30 SECTION II 5. What strategic moves recently been made by the U.S.A. and China in the South Pacific region? Is the U.S.A. withdrawing from this region? 35 OR Recent SAARC Summit has been considered as a 'non-starter' by some ploitical observe while for others it has marked a watershed. Explain the two view points. (About 250 words) 6. Attempt any three of the following: 10x3=30 (a) Where was the G-7 summit held recently? In what respects are its recommendations concerning India considered an exercise in hypocricy? (b) In what respect can the recent bilateral deal between the U.S.A. and Japan be considered as mockery of the GATT treaty? (c) What have been the recent recommendations of the World Bank on India's Family Welfare programme? How do these recommendations compare with Page 36 of 85
General Studies (Mains) Paper I ► 1995
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those which emerged from the Cairo Conference on Population and Development in 1994? (d) For what reasons have the parliamentaries recently stressed the importance of setting up a National Security Council in India? (About 100 words each) 7. Attempt any five of the following: 6x5=30 (About 50 words each) (a) What have been the observations of the Supreme Court in a recent judgement in respect of a Uniform Civil Code? (b) What are the reasons for the intensification of the border dispute between Peru and Ecudor? (c) Which organisation prepared the report entitled 'Our Global Neighbourhood'? What are its majoir recommendations? (d) Why has 'Baring' been in the news? who has been held responsible for its present situation? (e) What is the significance of the agreements signed beteween India and South Africa during the first official visit of President Nelson Mandela to India recently? (f) In what respects is the Prime Minister narasimha rao's recent visit to France considered to be 'most productive and useful'? (g) What has been the clinching evidence about the receipt of M-11 missiles by pakistan? 8. (a) Who are the following? Why have they been in the news recently? (i) Harold Wilson (ii) Irfan Ljubijankic (iii) Vaclav Havel (iv) Ashapurna Devi (v) Sheikh Khalifa Bin Hamad Al Thani (vi) Chatrel Rinpoche (vii) Ram Vithal Nagarkar (viii) Carlos Menem (ix) Alison Hargreaves (x) Rosalyn Higgin (b) (i) Who was given the Best Director Award in the 42nd Film Awards recently and for which film? (ii) Which film won the Golden Palm at the Cannes Film Festival recently and who was its director? (iii) Who was awarded the Jawaharlal Nehru Award for International Understanding as announced in May 1995? (iv) Which sports persons associated with Cricket and Hockey were selected in 1994 for Arjuna Awards? (v) Who won the French Open men's Tennis Title recently? Who was the runner-up? (About 20 words each) 2x15=30 SECTION III Page 37 of 85
General Studies (Mains) Paper I ► 1995
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9. 'The total number of books in a library was 7500 in 1990. It increased by 8% in 1991 and increased by 6% in 1992. The number of books in the English section was 4000 in 1990 and it increased by 10% in 1991 as compared to 1990. The number of books in the Hindi section increased by 5% in 1992 as compared to 1991. In the English section, there were 1200, 1400 and 1550 text books during the years 1990, 1991 and 1992, respectively, while in the Hindi section, the number of general books (non-text books) were 2900, 3050 and 3125 respectively, during the three years.' Represent the above information in a tabular form. Also calculate the percentage increase in the number of books in the library in 1992 as compared to 1990. 12 10. (a) The following table shows the investment on different heads under a five-years plan. Represent the data by a pie-diagram. The figures for relative percentages and corresponding angles must be shown in a tabular form. 8 Item 1. Agriculture 2. Major irrigation 3. Power 4. Industries 5. Transport 6. Social Services
Investment (Rs. Crores) 2280 648 1968 2940 1656 2508
(b) In a locality actually invaded by cholera, 70% inhabitants were attacked and 80% had been inoculated. What is the minimum percentage of the inoculated who had been attacked? Give reasons. 11. (a) Mention, in each case, the most approciate diagram to represent the following data: (i) distribution of the numberof candidates according to the number of marks scored by each at an examination. (ii) total value of a country's exports and imports during ten years 1985 to 1994. (iii) annual turnover of a manufacturing company during ten years (iv) Distribution of actual outlay in the different public sectors during the last five-year plan 4 (b) The following table gives the distribution of life-times of 400 electric bulbs: Life-time (in hours)
Number of bulbs Page 38 of 85
General Studies (Mains) Paper I ► 1996
300-399 400-499 500-599 600-699 700-799 800-899 900-999 1000-1099 1100-1199
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14 46 58 76 68 62 48 22 6
Find : (i) the percentage of bulbs whose life-times are at least 500 but less than 1000 hours (ii) the percentage of bulbs with life-times of at least 900 hours 10 12. (a) State whether the following statements are true or false. Give reasons for your answer. 6 (i) In a mechanical engineering class, 80% male students completed the course in due time of four years whereas 100% female students did the same. Therefore, the performance of female students is generally better than male students. (ii) Two students got the following marks in there examinations: Student A : 60/100 72/80 35/50 Student B : 48/80 108/120 105/150 It is claimed that B has better performance than A. (iii) The salary of a person is first increased by 18% and then decreased by 5%. His net increase is 12.1%. 6 (b) An investor buys Rs. 2400 worth of shares of a company each month. During the first six months, he bought the shares at a price of Rs. 20, Rs. 24, Rs. 30, Rs. 48 and Rs. 60 per share. After six months, What is the average price per share paid by him? 6
1996 SECTION I 1. What were the reasons that changed Gandhiji's attitude of responsive cooperation to non-cooperation in 1920? What were its consequences? OR The policies of the British Indian Government during 1858-1905 were aimed at preventing another revolt of the masses. Eludicate. (About 250 words) 2. Answer any two of the following: 15x2=30 (a) Bengal was partitioned in 1905 not for administrative reasons but for political purposes. Eludicate. Page 39 of 85
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(b) What was the Masterly Inactivity Policy? Why was it abandoned? (c) What was the Macdonald Award? How was it modified? (About 150 words each)? 3. Answer any three of the following: 10x3=30 (a) What are Tilak's contribution towards shaping the course of the nationalist movement in India? (b) Why has Nehru in his Autobiography been so critical of the liberals? (c) What was the role of the states' people's movement in the integration of Indian states? (d) Tagore's emphasis on internationalism and humanism was ahead of his times. Explain. (About 75 words each) 4. (a) Write about the chief features of the following: 2x15=30 (i) Town Planning in Indus Valley Civilization (ii) Rock cut Cave Architecture (iii) Ahmadiya Movement (iv) Mahayan Buddhism (b) What do you know about the following: (i) Butler Committee Report (ii) August Offer, 1940 (iii) Theosophical Society of India (c) Why have the following been famous? (i) Bhartendu Harish Chandra (ii) C. Rajagopalachari (iii) A.O. Hume (iv) Birsa Munda (About 20 words each) SECTION II 5. Indicate the principal issues that dominated the political debate in the presidential elections of 1996 in Russia. OR How has the Taiwan issue influenced US-China relations during the last one year? (About 250 words) 6. Attempt any three of the following: 10x3=30 (a) Write a note on the political developments in Afghanistan during the last one year. (b) Briefly describe the main achievements of Habitat II Conference in Istanbul. (c) What are the issues involved in solving the problem of refugees from Bhutan? (d) What is meant by 'Judicial Activism'? Evaluate its role in reducing corruption in public life. (About 100 words on each) 7. Attempt any five of the following: 6x5=30 (a) Discuss the impact of change of government in Israel on the West Asia peace process. (b) What measures would you suggest to make Human Rights effective and Page 40 of 85
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operative? (c) Evalute the significance of Supreme Court judgement on the income Tax Returns of Political parties. (d) Discuss the developments which led to the setting up of a caretaker government in Bangladesh. (e) Write a note on National Literacy Mission. (f) The recent election in India seem to necessitete a change in the style of governance. Explain. (g) On what issues had Sunderlal Bahuguna been lately resorting to fasts? (About 50 words on each) 8. (a) Who are the following? Why have they been in the news? (i) Mesut Yilmaz (ii) M.C. Mehta (iii) Ron Brown (iv) Anil Kakodkar (b) With which games are the following associated? (i) Basalat Jha Trophy (ii) Rothmans Cup (ii) Ryder Cup (c) Name the author of the following books: (i) Gita Rahasya (ii) Of Human Bondage (iii) Geet Govind (d) (i) Where was the joint Indo-US Naval exercise held recently. What was its code name? (ii) Who was judged the best actress at the 43rd National Film Award in 1996 and for which film? (iii) Who was the recipient of Dada Saheb Phalke Award in 1995? (iv) Which state won the Ranji Trophy in 1996? (v) Which country won the Wills World Cup Trophy in 1996? 2x15=30 SECTION III 9. Represent the following data in a tabular form: '1810 men, of whom 700 were graduates and 982 women, of whom 590 were non-graduates, participated in an opinion poll about a certain measure. Among the 1407 persons who voted for the measure there were 840 men of whom 392 were graduates. In all, 951 persons voted against the measures which included 205 male graduates and 126 female non-graduates. 207 women were 'indifferent' (neither for nor against the measure) of whom 100 were graduates. 12 10. (a) The following pie-diagram represents the relative shares of varios
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sectors of development A, B, C, D, E and F in a country, under a five year plan.
Calculate the relative percentages of shares in A, B, C, D, E and F showing all the representive angles. If the total plan outlay is Rs. 16000 crores, calculate the respective value of the shares in all sectors individually? Present the calculated figures in a tabular form. 8 (b) A train covered a distance of 500 kms four times, the first time at a speed of 50km/hr, the second time at 20km/hr, the third time at 40km/hr and the fourth time at 25km/hr. Calculate the average speed of the train. 4 11. (a) Mention, in each of the following cases, the most appropriate diagram to represent the data: (i) The number of accidents on a given road between two locations during each of last 100 days. (ii) The number of male and female students in a college during each of last six years. (iii) The distribution of expenditure of a bank under different heads in a year. (iv) The number of students securing marks in the ranges: 40-50, 50-60, 60-70, 70-80, 80-90 and 90-100 (b) The following table shows the percentages of total populations in various age groups: Age group (in years) 0-10 11-20 21-30 31-40 41-50 51-60 61-70 71-80 81-90
Percentage 23.00 18.65 16.35 15.00 11.95 6.05 5.00 3.15 0.85
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General Studies (Mains) Paper I ► 1997
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If there were 290 million people aged upto years, calculate the population in the following age groups: (i) 31-60 years (ii) more than 70 years 8 12. (a) State whether the following statements are true or false. Give reasons for your answer. 6 (i) The average depth of a river is 4 feet during summer. If the average height of members of a family is 4.5 feet, all the members can safely cross the river on foot. (ii) Television programmes have been very popular since 80% of those who have contracted the station director have praised the programmes. (iii) It is known statiscally that the proportion of rainy days in the month of June is 2/5. In one particular year, it rained on 12 days in the first fortnight. It can be predicted that it will not at all during the rest of the month. 6 (b) An enquiry into the budgets of the middle-class families in a city gave the following information: Items
Percentage expenses
Prices (1975)
Prices (1982)
Food Rent Clothing Fuel Miscellaneous
29% 15% 25% 10% 21%
145 30 75 25 42
150 30 66 20 52
What changes in cost of living figures of 1982 as compared to that of 1975 are seen? Calculate the figures. 6
1997 Time Allowed : Three Hours Maximum Marks : 300 Each Question is printed both in Hindi and in English. Answer must be written in the Medium specified in the Admission Certificate issued to you, Which must be stated clearly on the cover of the answer-book in the space provided for the purpose. No marks will be given for the answers written in a medium other than that specified in the Admission Certificate. Candidates Should attempt all Question strictly in accordance with the instructions given under each question. The number of Marks carried by each question is indicated at the end of the question. SECTION I Page 43 of 85
General Studies (Mains) Paper I ► 1997
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1. How did Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel succeed in avoiding the evil consequences of the doctrine of lapse of paramountcy and in integrating Indian States? OR Examine the causes and nature of extremism in Indian politics in the early part of the present century. (About 250 words) 2. Answer any two of the following: (a) What were the salient features of Gandhi-Irwin Pact? departure from conventional system of education? c) What were the circumstances that led to the partition of India in 1947? (About 250 words on each) 3. Answer any three of the following:
Examine its effects on Indian economy. (b) The name of RajaRam Mohan Roy stands foremost in the field of religious (c) The Preamble to the Constitution is aimed to embody the fundamental values and the philosophy on which the Constitution is based Elucidate. (d) What are the provisions regarding the protection of Linguistic minorities in the Constitution? (About 75 words on each) 4. (a) Write about the chief features of the following : (i) Chaitya (ii) Vijayanagara (iii) Yaksha Gana (iv) Khayal (b) What do you know about the following? (v) Lalit Kala Academy (vi) Poona Sarvajanik Sabha (vii) Rowlatt Act (viii) August Declaration, 1917
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(c) Where are the following located and with which event are they associated? (ix) Surat (x) Vaikom (xi) Midnapur (d) Where are the following become famous? (xii) Shymji Krishnavarma (xiii) Rani Gaidinliu (xiv) Saifuddin Kitchlew (xv) Dr. Nivedita Bhasin (About 20 words on each) SECTION II 5. Where and when was the meeting between the Prime Ministers of India and Pakistan held in 1997? What were the main decisions taken and what follow -up action has been taken? OR Describe the recent significant developments in Sino-Russian relations. How have the Russain people reacted to these developments? (About 250 words) 6. Attempt any three of the following: (a) What is the Taliban Movement? How has it influenced the geopolitical equations in Asia? (b) What circumstances led to the victory of Socialists in the parliamentary elections in France? (c) What was the Pathfinder by Mission? What were its main findings? ( recently? (About 100 words on each) 7. Attempt any three of the following: -Russian cooperation in space? (b) Why has there been opposition from the North-eastern States to the Supreme Court ban on all activities inside forests? (c) What is VDIS? What does it aim at? (d) What was the fallout of the Plenary Session of Indian National Congress in Calcutta in August 1997? (e) On what grounds did India not sign the CTBT?
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General Studies (Mains) Paper I ► 1997
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China? (About 50 words on each) 8. (a) Name the authors of the following books? (i) The God of Small Things (ii) A Suitable Boy (iii) Nice Guys Finish Second (b) Who are the following? Why have they been in the news? (iv) Mahashweta Devi (v) Sivaji Ganeshan (vi) Sanjay Ghosh (vii) Sanath Jayasurya (viii) Martina Hingis (ix) Iva Majoli (x) Mike Tyson (xi) Mother Teresa (c) Name the directors of the following films: (xii) Train to Pakistan (xiii) Sardari Begam (xiv) Saaz (xv) Batman and Robin (About 20 words on each) SECTION III 9. 5, out of a total 2000 students in a college, 1400 were for graduation and the rest for post-graduation. Out of 1400 graduate students, 100 were girls; however in all there were 600girls in the college. In 1990, the number of graduate students increased to 1700 out of which 250 were girls, but the number of post-graduate students fell to 500, of which only 50 were boys.
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General Studies (Mains) Paper I ► 1997
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In 1995, out of 800girl students, 650 were for graduation, whereas the total number of graduate students was 200. The number of boys and girls in
Represent the above information in a tabular form. Also calculate the percentage increase in the number of graduate students in the college in 1995 as compared to 1985. 10. (a) In one of the Five Year Plans of India, of the total of Rs. 7250 crore, the plan outlays for Agriculture & Irrigation, Transport & Communication, Community Development, Power, and Industry & Minerals had been rupees 1275 crore, 1450 crore, 400 crore, 925 crore, 1500 crore respectively. The remainder was under the head Miscellaneous. Represent the data by a pie diagram showing the relative percentages and corresponding angles in a tabular form. (b) The mean of marks obtained in an examination by a group of 100 students was found to be 49.98. The mean of the marks obtained in the same examination by another group of 200 students was 52.32. Find the mean of the marks obtained by both the groups taken together. 11. (a) Mention, in each of the following cases, the most appropriate diagram to represent the data. (i) Number of refrigerators produced by a certain factory during the last 10 yeas. (ii) The expenditure on different major heads by a family during a given month. (iii) Consumer price index number of working class people in two cities for the period 1985 to 1994. (iv) The daily sales (in Rs.) in a shop for the last one year period. (b) The following table shows the distribution of men according to their heights: Height in cm. less then 140 less then 150 less then 160 less then 170 less then 180 less then 190 less then 200
No. of men 16 40 72 93 106 125 150 Page 47 of 85
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Find: (i) the percentage of men having height between 150 cm. and 180 cm. and (ii) the percentage of men having height between 155 cm. and 170 cm. 12.
(b) Two firms A and b respectively pay 80,000 and Rs.60,000 per month as salary to its employees. From this information, can we concludes that firm A is paying higher salary to its employees as compared to the firm B ? State reason. (c) The following is a series of index numbers using 1980 as base year. Reconstruct the series using 1983 as base year. Year 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 Index 100 110 175 250 300
1998 Time Allowed: Three Hours Maximum Marks : 300 Each Question is printed both in Hindi and in English. Answer must be written in the Medium specified in the Admission Certificate issued to you, Which must be stated clearly on the cover of the answer-book in the space provided for the purpose. No marks will be given for the answers written in a medium other than that specified in the Admission Certificate. Candidates Should attempt all Question strictly in accordance with the instructions given under each question. The number of Marks carried by each question is indicated at the end of the question. SECTION- I 1. Did Jawaharlal Nehru really 'speak' the 'language' of Gandhi? Locate the points of their agreements and departures. OR How did economic nationalism mirror the work of the early nationalist leadership in India? (About 250 words) 35 2. Answer any two of the following : 15 x 2 =30 (About 150 words on each) (a) Why did the moderates lose appeal with the Indians and failed to elicit desired response from the British? Page 48 of 85
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(b) How did the Policy of free trade hurt Indian textile industry and crafts in the latter half of the 19th century? (c) Trace the origins of the R.N.I. Mutiny and evaluate its impact on the political situation in India. 3. Answer any three of the following : 10 x 3 =30 (About 75 words on each) (a) Examine the ideas of Rabindranath Tagore on democracy. (b) How did the Swadeshi Movement in Bengal influence the nationalist politics? (c) What was the significance of the Prajamandal movements in the Indian States in the decade preceding India's independence? (d) Assess the role of C. Rajagopalachari during the pre-partition years of Indian public life. 4. (a) What do you know about the following : 2 x 15 =30 (About 20 words on each) (i) Nil Darpan (ii) Sarda Sadan (iii) Sabarmati Ashram (iv) Hunter Commission (v) Bandi Jiwan (b) Why have the following become famous? (vi) Khan Abdul Gaffar Khan (vii) Seth Jamanlal Bajaj (viii) S. Satyamurti (ix) Udham Singh (x) Sarojini Naidu (c) Write about the chief fatures of the following :
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(xi) Kulu School (xii) Gopuram (xiii) Wahabi Movement (xiv) Bharat Dharma Mahamandal (xv) Communal Award SECTION II 5. Examine the reasons for the non-introduction of Women's Reservation Bill in the LokSabha. (About 250 words) 35 OR Discuss the implications of Israel's expansion plan. How have the major western powers reacted to it ? (About 250 words) 6. Attempt any three of the following : 10 x 3 =30 (About 100 words on each) (a) Examine the fall out of population explosion in India at the close of twentieth century. (b) Discuss the justification for the creation of new states in U.P. and Bihir. (c) What are the reasons for the slow progress of SAPTA? (d) Describe the problem of KOSOVO. (e) What is ASEAN PLUS? What is its nature and duty? 7. Attempt any five of following : 6 x 5 =30 (About 50 words on each) (a) What were the circumstances leading to the promulgation of Prasar Bharati ordinance in August 1998? (b) Who has claimed the responsibility for the recent bomb attacks on American embassies at Nairobi and Dar Es Salam? What are their demands? (c) What is the significance of Pope John Paul II's visit to Cuba? (d) What are the significant features of Lokpal Bill recently introduced in the Lok Sabha?
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(e) Why was a variant of Basmati rice in news recently? (f) What solution has been arrived at recently in the Cauvery water dispute? (g) Bring out the issues involved in the appointments and transfer of judges of the Supreme Court and high Courts in India. 8. (a) Explain the following : 2 x 15 =30 (About 20 words on each) (i) Netizens (ii) Shehab-3 (iii) Planet-B (iv) W.H.O. (v) Greenpeace (b) What do you know about the following? (vi) Chattisgarh (vii) Article 356 (viii) Bentota (ix) Narmada Sagar dam (x) Full monty (xi) Pamirs (xii) Nelson Mandela (xiii) Bacharuddin Jusul Habibie (xiv) E.M.S. Namboodripad (xv) Jnanpith Award SECTION III 9. The total population of a country is 357 million of which 62 million live in urban areas. Of these who live in rural areas, 234 million are agriculturists including 124 million earning members. Among the urban population, 12 million are agriculturists of which 7 million are earning members. Among the non-agriculturist rural population 43 million are earning are earning members
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whereas among non-agriculturist urban people 14 million are non-earning members. Represent the above information in a tabular form. 12 10. (a) The following table shows annual profits (Rs. in crores) of two investment companies A and B during the given 5 years : 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 A: 70 60 70 60 70 B: 60 50 60 80 80 If someone plans to invest Rs. 50,000, which of the two companies should be preferred and why ? 8 (b) An investor bought shares of a company at a premium of Rs. 20. If the par value of the share is Rs. 120 and the company declares 21% dividend in a given year, find the rate of interest received by the investor. 11. (a) Mention, in each of the following cases, the most appropriate diagram to represent the data: 5 (i) Number of AIDS patients in a country detected during the last 10 years. (ii) Monthly production of eggs in a poultry farm in a given yaer. (iii) Yearly export and import (in dollars) of a multinational firm during the period from 1990 to 1997. (iv) Distribution of weights of 500 school children in the age group 15-18 years. (v) Political party-wise percentage of votes cast during a parliamentary election. (b) The following table shows the IQ scores of adolescents aged 15-17 years: Interval 121 and above 116-120 111-115 106-110 101-105 96-100 91-95 86-90 81-85 80 and below
Frequency 15 35 50 60 100 75 70 60 25 10
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General Studies (Mains) Paper I ► 1999
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Find : (i) the cut-off point above which 25% most intelligent adolescents fall. (ii) the cut-off point below which the 25% least intelligent adolescents fall. 8 12. (a) State whether the following statements are true or false. Give reasons. 6 (i) A person's monthly income first increases by 20% and then decreases by 20% . There is no net change in his income. (ii) All facts expressed numerically pertain to statistics. (iii) If A stands 50 % change of getting through Test I and Test II independently, then A stands at least 50 % chance of getting through both the tests. (b) The following is the series of index numbers taking 1992 as base year : Year :1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 Index:100 120 135 170 180 210 How would the index numbers be changed if 1993 is taken as base year? 7
1999 Time Allowed : Three Hours Maximum Marks : 300 Each Question is printed both in Hindi and in English. Answer must be written in the Medium specified in the Admission Certificate issued to you, Which must be stated clearly on the cover of the answer-book in the space provided for the purpose. No marks will be given for the answers written in a medium other than that specified in the Admission Certificate. Candidates Should attempt all Question strictly in accordance with the instructions given under each question. The number of Marks carried by each question is indicated at the end of the question. SECTION I 1. How did Communalism manifest in Indian political scene? Explain the background of the passing of the momentous Pakistan Resolution. 35 (About 250 words) OR What were the proposals of the Cabinet Mission ? Analyse there actions of the Congress and the League to the proposals. 35 (About 250 words) 2. Answer any two of the following : (About 150 words on each) Page 53 of 85
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(a) Trace the formation of the Swaraj Party. What were its demands. (b) 'What began as a flight for religion ended as a war of independence, for there is not the slightest doubt that the rebels wanted to get rid of the alien government and restore the old order of which the king of Delhi was the rightful representative.' Do you support this viewpoint? (c) How far Curzon's policy towards Tibet was influenced by strategic consideration. 15x2=30 3. Answer any three of the following : (About 75 words on each) (a) Assess the contributions of Ishwarchandra Vidyasagar to the making of modern India. (b) In what way did Ramakrishna infuse a new vigour and dynamism into Hinduism ? (c) 'Tagore's poetry is a written record of his religious experience.' Elucidate. (d) How did Nehru's plan for modernization make rapid stride during the decade 1951-61? 10x3=30 4. (a) Write about the chief features of the following : (About 20 words on each) (i) Chola architecture (ii) Baisakhi (iii) Neo-art movement (b) What do you know about the following ? (iv) Munda Movement (v) Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (vi) Ilbert Bill (vii) Sarda Act (viii) Education Despatch of 1854 (c) Why have the following become famous ? (ix) Rammanohar Lohia (x) C. Y. Chintamani (xi) Henry Cotton (xii) Tej Bahadur Sapru (xiii) Veeresalingam P.K. (xiv) Bhulabhai Desai (xv) Kamladevi Chattopadhyay 2 x 15 =30
SECTION II 5. What are the highlights of the draft nuclear doctrine formulated by the National Security Advisory Board ? What shortcomings have been pointed out in media reports relating to the same? 35 (About 250 words) OR What are the reasons for the recent diplomatic confrontation between Page 54 of 85
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the U.S.E. and China? What specific measures have been taken by the U.S.E. to defuse the tension building up the Taiwan strait? 35 (About 250 words) 6. Attempt any three of the following : (About 100 words on each) (a) What new type of satellite is proposed to be inducted for bolstering th existing IRS satellites? (b) Explain in brief the observations made by the leaders of the Group of Eight countries in their meeting in Cologne on Kargil intrusion by Pakistan. (c) What are the major provisions of the New Telecom Policy approved by the Government? What has been the decision of the Delhi High Court in this respect? promoting Indo-French friendship. 10 x 3 =30 7. Attempt any five of the following : (About 50 words on each) (a) What was the rationale for the recourse to air strikes by the Indian Air Force during Operation Vijay ? (b) What is Deep-water Oil Exploration? What are its prospects in India? (c) Has India the capability to make a Neutron Bomb? (d) What percentage of GDP India spends of defence? To what extent defence expenditure should be increased ? (f) What is the most important provision of the Wye River Accord? (g) What is Al Khalid ? What are its features? 6 x 5=30 8. (a) Who are the following ? Why have they been in the news? (About 20 words on each) (i) Dr. Sam Nujoma (ii) Mahendra Chaudhry (iii) Colonel Eileen Collins (iv) Dr. Neelan Thiruchelvam (v) David Ogilvy (vi) Jyotirmoyee Sikdar (b) What do you know about the following? (viii) Mianmari Creek (ix) Karabash (c) Name the authors of the following books ? (x) Three Horsemen of the New Apocalypse (xi) My Childhood Days (d) Answer the following : (xii) Who became the highest wicket taker in the World Cup 1999 ? (xiii) Which film won the Best film award at the Cannes International Film Page 55 of 85
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Festival this year? Name the directors. (xiv) Which film won the Special Jury Award for Experimental Cinema at the 46th National Film Festival? Name the director. (xv) Who won the 1999 French open Doubles title? 2 x 15=30 SECTION III 9. Enrolments in different faculties, in the Universities of a state, for the period 1993-94 to 1995-96 are described below : Enrolment in Arts faculty during the three sessions were 1,20,605; 1,35,100; and 1,50,000 respectively. In Commerce, Science, Law and Education faculties the enrolment in the session 1993-94 were 90,000; 60,500; 50,500 and 45,600 respectively. During the next two sessions the enrolment figures in the Science faculty were 65,210 and 70,300 while in Law and Education faculties the corresponding figures were 55,000; 60,000 and 48,000; 50,000respectively. In Commerce faculty the enrolment during 1994-95 and 1995-96 were 1,15,000 and 1,22,250. (a) Represent the information in tabular form. 10 (b) From your table calculate the increase in total enrolment from 1993-94 to 1995-96. 2 10. (a) A pie chart is to be constructed to represent the distribution of total budget of a government. The total budget is Rs. 7200 crores. Out of this Rs. 360 crores is budgeted for Agriculture, Rs. 90 crores for irrigation, Rs. 90 crores for Education, Rs. 540 crores for Defence, Rs. 72 crores for Health and Rs. 108 crores for Industry. The remaining amount is budgeted for other (miscellaneous) heads. Provide the percentages and angle measures of all the above heads in a tabular form. 7 (b) In a housing complex there are 20 families. A family having annual income of Rs. 1.8 lacs leaves and another with annual income of Rs. 3.0 lacs moves in. What change is caused to the average monthly income of the housing complex due to this replacement? 5 11. (a) Given below are the percentages of words of different lengths used by an author in his entire work: Number of letters in a word Percentage 1. 4.5 2. 16.0 3. 21.5 4. 24.0 5. 12.0 6. 7.0 7. 5.0 8. 4.0 9. 3.0
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10. 11. 12.
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2.5 0.4 0.1
(i) What is the total percentage of words of length 8 or more? 3 (ii) What is the maximum number of letters contained the shortest 78% of the words? 4 (b) Name the most appropriate diagram to be used for representing the information in each of the following cases : (i) Scientific manpower in four consecutive years in four different fields of science. (ii) Distribution of the number of children belonging to a school by their ages. (iii) The percentages of persons serving in different branches of the army such as infantry, artillary, signals, etc. (iv) The production of wheat in India in each year from 1955 to 1984. (v) The heights and weights of the 50 children in a high school class. 5 12. (a) A group of freedom fighters met in 1998 and their average age was 81.7 years. The survivors of this group met again in 1999 and their average age was 81.0 Explain why has the average decreased when everyone in the second group is one year older than what they were in 1998. 4 (b) Below is given the gross corporate sector output in four selected years at current prices and also the inflation factor for these years. Calculate the gross output for these years adjusted for inflation. 6 Year 1980-81 1985-86 1990-91 1995-96 Out put at current prices 28.6 49.1 126.6 305.64 (thousands of crores) Inflation factor 1.0 1.39 1.98 3.05 (c) In report it is quoted that 65% of the women and 30% of the men in a locality were against the opening of a liquor store in their locality. Thus it is argued that, an overwhelming 95% of the total population is against the opening of the liquor store. Is this argument justifiable? Give reasons. 2 (d) Six lots of twenty guinea-pigs each were administered carcinogenic drugs in an experiment. After 6 weeks the percentage of survivors in the six lots were: Lot No 1 2 3 4 56 Percentage of survivors 53 86 48 27 8 24 Is this data prima facie plausible? Give reasons for your answer. 2
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2000 Time Allowed : Three Hours Maximum Marks : 300 Each Question is printed both in Hindi and in English. Answer must be written in the Medium specified in the Admission Certificate issued to you, Which must be stated clearly on the cover of the answer-book in the space provided for the purpose. No marks will be given for the answers written in a medium other than that specified in the Admission Certificate. Candidates Should attempt all Question strictly in accordance with the instructions given under each question. The number of Marks carried by each question is indicated at the end of the question. Q.1. Answer any ONE of the following: - 30 (About 250 words) (a) Trace the origin of the Swadeshi Movement. How did it involve the masses (b) What was Mountbatten Plan ? Discuss the reactions of Gandhi and Azad to the Plan. Q. 2. Answer any TWO of the following:- 15 x 2 = 30 (About 150 words each) (a) Who established the Arya Samaj ? What was its goal ? (b) How did the terrorist movement gather strength in countries other than India? (c) Was Jawaharlal Nehru justified in adopting the principle of non-alignment as the corner-stone of India's foreign policy ? Q. 3. Answer the following : - 2 x 15 = 30 (About 20 words each) (i) Brahmagupta (ii) Amir Khusro (iii) William Jones (iv) C.F. Andrews (v) Narayan Guru (vi) Tantia Tope (vii) Sayyid Ahmad (viii) Margaret Noble (ix) Sangam Literature (x) Gandhara School of art (xi) Granth Sahib (xii) Fort William College (xiii) Epsom (xiv) Lala Amarnath (xv) Tiger Woods. Q. 4. Answer any TWO of the following:- 2 x 10 = 20
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(About 125 words each) (a) Mention the agro-climatic regions of India stating the basis of classification. (b) Explain the major racial groups of India. (c) What is waste land ? Write a note on prospects of waste land development in India. Q. 5. Write notes on the following :- 5 x 2 = 10 (About 20 words each) (i) Linguistic regions of India (ii) Nagarjunasagar Project (iii) Mango Showers (iv) Multi-level planning in India (v) India's Laterite soils. Q. 6. Answer any ONE of the following:- 30 (About 250 words) (a) Examine the need for the review of the Indian Constitution. (b) Examine the demand for greater State-antonomy and also its impact on the smooth functioning of the Indian polity. Q. 7. Answer any ONE of the following :- 30 (About 250 words) (a) How does Parliament control the Union Executive ? How effective is its control ? (b) What constitutes the doctrine of 'basic features' as introduced into the Constitution of India by the Judiciary ? Q. 8. Answer any TWO of the following :- 15 x 2 = 30 (About 150 words each) (a) Identify, the major electoral reforms which are necessary in the Indian Political System. (b) Examine the role of Estimates Committee. (c) Discuss the major extra-constitutional factors influencing the working of federal polity in India. Q. 9. Answer the following :- 5 x 2 = 10 (About 20 words each) (a) What is vote on account ? (b) What is a Caretaker Government ? (c) Do you justify the Prime Minister's entry into Parliament through the Rajya Sabha ? (d) What is a Privilege Motion ? (e) What is Contempt of Parliament ? Q.10. Answer any ONE of the following :- 30 (About 250 words) (a) Discuss the provisions of the Human Rights Protection ACt (1993) relating to the following :(i) Definition of human rights. (ii) Composition of the National Human Rights Commission. (iii) Functions of the Commission. Page 59 of 85
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(iv) What suggestions have been made for amending the Act for making the role of the NHRC more effective ? (b) Discuss the propositions laid down by the Supreme Court of India in the context of Torture in Prisons and Human Dignity. Q. 11. Write on any TWO of the following :- 2 x 10 = 20 (About 125 words each) (a) Explain Public Interest Litigation. Who can file it and on what basis can it be rejected by the Court of Law ? (b) Discuss Human Genome. (c) What are the features of the Uttar Pradesh Regulation of Public Religious Buildings and Places Bill, 2000 that have caused widespread protests from minorities ? Q. 12. Write notes on any TWO of the following : 2 x 10 = 20 (About 125 words each) (a) Universal Postal Union (b) Economic and Social Council (c) Florence Nightingale. Q.13. Write about the following :- 2 x 5 = 10 (About 20 words each) (a) CRY (b) Baba Amte (c) Ali Sardar Jafri (d) 'Water' (e) Aruna Roy
2001 1. Answer any one of the following (about 250 words): 30 (a) Discuss the main objectives of the Indian national movement up to 1905. What were its basic weaknesses during this period? (b) What administrative changes were introduced in India after 1858? What were the objectives of these changes? 2. Answer any two of the following (About 150 words each): 2×15=30 (a) How did the movement for the liberation of women receive a great stimulus from the rise and growth of the nationalist movement in India? (b) Discuss the aims and objects of the Khilafat Movement. To what extent was it successful? (c) Why did Gandhi launch the Salt Satyagraha in 1903 and with what results? 3. Write about the following (About 20 words each): 15×2=30 (i) Aryabhatta (ii) D.K. Karve (iii) J. Krishnamurthy (iv) Prathana Samaj (v) Ghadar Party (vi) Satyashodhak Samaj
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(vii) Jamnala Bajaj (ix) Gopi Kishana (xi) Mohammad Iqbal (xiii) T. Prakasam (xv) Ali Brothers
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(viii) Banabhatta (x) Pupul Jaykar (xii) Jaydeva (xiv) Champaran Satyagraha
4. Answer any two of the following (About 125 words each): 2×10=20 (a) What are mangroves and in what way are they useful to us ? (b) Explain the causes of the Indian Monsoon. (c) Had there been no Himalayas, what would have been the winter climate in north India ? 5. Write short notes on the following(About 20 words each): 5×2=10 (i) El Nino (ii) Hirakud Project (iii) Glacier (iv) Two Prominent left bank tributaries of river Ganges (v) Equinox 6. Answer any one of the following(About 250 words): 30 (a) Discuss the administrative relation between the centre and the states in the light of recent controversies. (b) Bring out the aberrations of the parliamentary systems of government in India. 7. Answer any one of the following(About 250 words): 30 (a) What is the constitutional position of Directive Principles of State Policy? How has it been interpreted by the judiciary after the emergency in 1975-77? (b) What are the main difference between the passage of a Constitution Amendment Bill and other Legislative Bills? 8. Answer any two of the following (About 150 words each) : 2×15=30 (a) Comment on the nature of Ordinance- making power of the President Of India. What safeguards are there against possible misuse? (b) Distinguish between Cabinet Secretar Which of these is more important? (c) Discuss the constitutional provisions regarding the rights of children. 9. Answer the following (About 20 words reach): 5×2=10 (a) Explain the Local Area Development Scheme of the Members of Parliaments. (b) What is Ethics Committee of Lok Sabha? (c) Why is it said that the centre has absolute veto over State Legislature? 10. Write any one the following (About 250 words): 30 (a) Review the Population Policy of the Govt. of India giving the distinguishing features. (b) Discuss the significance of GSLV in space research. 11. Write on any two of the following (About 125 words each). 2×10=20 (a) Determine the utility of Direct to Home in broadcasting system. Page 61 of 85
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(b) What are the UNDP indicators with reference to the planning process? (c) What are the Human Rights issues involved in relation to the arrest of M. Karunanidi in Tamilnadu in July 2001 ? 12. Write notes on any two of the following(About 125 words each): 2×10=20 (a) Swam Jayanti Gram Swaraj Yojana (b) Law Commission of India (c) Lalit Kala Akademi 13. Write about the following (About 20 words each): 5×2=10 (a) Pullela Gopichand (b) E- commerce (c) ICCR (d) Sports Authority of India (e) NCERT
2002 Time Allowed : Three Hours Maximum Marks : 300 Each Question is printed both in Hindi and in English. Answer must be written in the Medium specified in the Admission Certificate issued to you, Which must be stated clearly on the cover of the answer-book in the space provided for the purpose. No marks will be given for the answers written in a medium other than that specified in the Admission Certificate. Candidates Should attempt all Question strictly in accordance with the instructions given under each question. The number of Marks carried by each question is indicated at the end of the question. 1. Answer any one of the following (250 words) : 30 (a) What was the Butler Committee Report? Discuss the reactions on the report in India (b) Why did Jinnah reject C.R. Formula? 2. Answer any two of the following (about 150 words) : 2x15=30 (a) Trace the growth of the Indian Home Rule Movement in Britain. (b) Evaluate the attitudes of different political parties towards Quit India Movement. (c) Re 3. Write about the following (not exceeding 20 words each) : 15x2=30 (i) Anandmath (ii) Bismillah Khan (iii) Chris Evert (iv) Chamber of Princes (v) Dharma Sabha (vi) Divide et impera
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(vii) Dandi March (viii) Garry Kasparov (ix) Keshab Chandra Sen (x) Nivedita (xi) Pele (xii) Raidasa (xiii) Satyagraha (xiv) Steffi Graf (xv) Theodore Beck 4. Answer any two of the following (about 125 words) : 2x10=20 (a) Given an account of the tea plantations of Assam and West Bengal and state the economic significance of these plantations (b) Discuss the distribution of winds and rainfall over India in the summer monsoon season. planning in India 5. Write short notes on the following (about 20 words) : 5x2=10 (i) Name of main petroleum producing areas in India (ii) Jhum cultivation - process and consequences (iii) Kaziranga National Park (iv) Census definition of urban places (v) Khetri Copper Project 6. Answer any one of the following (about 250 words) : 30
the Presidential form of govt. will be a solution to this problem. (b) Why does the Constitution of India provide different forms of Oaths for the President, the Ministers, the legislators and the members of the judiciary? Discuss their significance. 7. Answer any one of the following (about 250 words) : 30 (a) What is the position of the Supreme Court under the Constitution of India? How far does it play its role as guardian of the Constitution? (b) How is the Constitution of India amended? Do you think that the procedure for amendment makes the Constitution a play-thing in the hands of the Centre? 8. Answer any two of the following (about 150 words) : 2x15=30 (a) Discuss the constitutional provisions relating to the non-justiciable directives binding upon the states. (b) Describe the methods of delimiting constituencies for parliamentary elections in India. (c) Explain the role of the Public Accounts Committee. Page 63 of 85
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9. Answer the following (about 20 words) : 5x2=10 (i) What is the import of the 84th Amendment of the Indian Constitution? (ii) Under what Article of the Constitution can the Union govt. play its role in settling inter-state water disputes? (iii) What is the role of the protem speaker? 10. Write on any one of the following (250 words) 30 (a) What is the composition of the Electoral college for the election of the President of the Indian Republic? How is the value of the votes cast counted?
11. Answer any two of the following (about 125 words) : 2x10=20 (a) What were the main strategic concerns of the Indonesian President Megawati Sukarnoputri during her recent visit to India? (c) How was the dwindling of barbed variety of rice affected Siliguri-Bagdogra belt with respect to man-animal conflict? 12. Answer any two of the following (about 125 words) : 2x10=20 (a) What is Integrated Wastelands Development Programme? (b) Write briefly about the Desert Development Programme. 13. Write about the following (20 words): 5x2=10 (i) Prof. B.P. Sinha (ii) Maj. Gen. S.S. Sharma (iii) Kondapalli Seetaramaiah (iv) Aung San Suu Kyi (v) Thalassery, Kerala
2003 Time Allowed : Three Hours Maximum Marks : 300 Each Question is printed both in Hindi and in English. Answer must be written in the Medium specified in the Admission Certificate issued to you, Which must be stated clearly on the cover of the answer-book in the space provided for the purpose. No marks will be given for the answers written in a medium other than that specified in the Admission Certificate. Candidates Should attempt all Question strictly in accordance with the instructions given under each question. The number of Marks carried by each question is indicated at the end of the question.
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Q 1. Answer any one of the following: (about 250 words) 30 e reforms of 1909 introduced a cardinal problem and ground of b) Discuss the problem that impeded the integration of the princely states into the Indian Union. How were these problems tackled? Q 2. Answer any two of the following: (about 150 words) 2 X15=30 Elucidate. b) Discuss the character of major tribal uprisings in British India in the nineteenth Century. c) Bring out the ideological basis of the Moderate-Extermist divide in the Indian National Congress. Q 3. Answer the following: (about 20 words ) 15X2=30 i) Arthasastra ii) Saranath Pillar iii) The Jatiya Sarkar of Tamluk iv) Punnapra-Vayalar v) Sajjad Zahir vi) Al-Hilal vii) Har Dayal viii) Khudai Khidmatgar ix) Mahayana Cult x) W.W. Hunter xi) Indu Lal Yajnik xii) Achhut Patwardhan xiii) Sir William Jones xiv) James Wilson xv) Ghulam-giri. Q 4. Answer any two of the following: (about 125 words) 2X10=20 a) Describe the major characteristics of the rivers of Peninsular India. b) Account for the very high concentration of salt extraction industries in the Saurashtra and South Tamilnadu Coast. c) State the four distinctive stages of Indian Demographic history. Q 5. write short notes on the following (about 20 words) 5X2=10 i) Define Terai Region. ii) Mention the areas of Shola forests in India. iii) Who are the Todas and where do they live? iv) Name any four priccipal languages of Andaman and Nicobar Islands. v) What is MRTS? Where it is in operation? Q 6. Answer any one of the following: (about 250 words) 30 a) Discuss the question of death sentence and Presidential clemency. b) Explain the discretionary powers of the Governor of a State. Q 7. Answer any two of the following: (about 150 words) 2 X15=30 a) Highlight the signifucance of Forty Fourth Amendment to the Constitution of India Page 65 of 85
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b) Identify the major Fundamental Duties c) Explain the relevance of Rajya Sabha as a second chamber in the federal set up of Indian Parliamentary System. Q 9. Answer the following: (about 20 words) 2 X5=10 a) What is a point of order? When can it be raised? b) What is a Privilege Motion? c) State the difference between Council of Ministers and the Cabinet. d) How is the Vice President of India elected? Q 10. Answer any one of the following: (about 250 words) 30 a) Discuss the steps taken by Government to check child labour and promote child welfare. b) Suggest measures for the eradication of wide spread corruption in Public Life in India. Q 11. Answer any two of the following: (about 125 words) 2 X10=20 a) The issue of gender equality in India. b) Natural Heritage and Cultural Heritage. c) Identify the types of disabilities. Q 12. Answer any two of the following: (about 125 words) 2 X10=20 a) What are the distinctive features of the Lokpal Bill introduced in the Parliament this year? Knowledge Society? c) What are the precinditions for the growth of Civil Society? Is Indian democracy conducive to it? Q 13. Write about the following ( about 20 words ) 5X2=10 a) Anthrax b) Radiation and its effects c) The Statue of Liberty d) George Walker Bush e) Genome.
2004 1. Answer any one of the following (in about 250 words): 30 (a) Discuss the major regulations enacted by the British rulers to curb the freedom of Press in India. (b) Form a critical assessment of the Non-cooperation Movement. 2. Answer any two of the following (in about 150 words each) : 2x15 = 30 (a) What led to the partition of Bengal in 1905? (b) Write a note on the Theosophical Society. (c) Discuss the main findings of the Hartog committee (1929).
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3. Write about the following (not exceeding 20 words each): 15x2 = 30 (i) Upanishads (ii) Vajrayana (iii) Kumarsambhav (iv) Razmnama (v) Mirza Haidar (vi) Muhammad Barkatullah (vii) Sohan Singh Bhakna (viii) Alluri Sitaramaraju (ix) Canjeevaram Natrajan Annadurai (x) Jadong (xi) Jadunath Sarkar (xii) Nazir Hasan (xiii) Subhash Gupte (xiv) Acharya Nirmalya (xv) Jyotirao Phule 4. Answer any two of the following (in about 125 words each): 2x10 = 20 (a) Examine the distribution of oil refineries in India. (b) Why are the Aravallis called a divide between Mewar and Marwar? (c) What is Golden Quadrilateral ? How will it help in the economic development of the country? 5. Write short notes on the following (in about 20 words each): 5x2 = 10 (a) El Nino, La Nina and Monsoon rains (b) The Sambhar lake (c) The Sundarbans (d) Bombay High (e) Sabarkantha & Banaskantha 6. Answer any one of the following (in about 250 words): 30 (a) What is the significance of a preamble to a constitution? Bring out the philosophy of the Indian polity as enshrined in the preamble of the Indian Constitution. (b) Discuss the meaning of ''breakdown of constitutional machinery''. What are its effects. 7. Answer any one of the following (in about 250 words): 30 (a) Discuss how the Constitution of India provides equal rights. (b) How does the Indian Constitution Seek to maintain independence of the Public Service Commission? 8. Answer any two of the following (in about 150 words each): 2x15=30 (a) Define money-bill.Discuss how it is passed in the Parliament. (b) What is a Finance Commission? Discuss the main functions of the State Finance Commission. (c) Discuss how State government can exercise control over panchayats. 9. Answer the following (in about 20 words each): 5x2=10 (a) What is Habeas Corpus? (b) What are the constitutional restrictions imposed upon the power of borrowing of the State govenments? (c) What is the special facility provided to the linguistic minoroties under Article 350A? (d) How can a judge of the Supreme Court be removed ? (e) How is the Election Commision of India Constituted? 10. Write on any one of the following (in about 150 words each): 30
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(a) the Inter-State river water dispute has once again assumed centre-stage after the Pujab Assembly's Bill terminating all previous accord on river waters. Discuss. (b) What is PURA? Discuss the major objectives. 11. Write on any two of the following (in about 125 words each): 2x10=20 (a) Explain UNDP Report on human Development in India. (b) What is WTO? What are India's objections to its overall functioning? (c) Discuss the utility of e-governance in the Indian context. 12. Write notes on any two of the following (in about 125 words each): 2x10=20 (a) Housing for all by 2010 is the goal set by the National Habitate Ploicy. How far is it achievable? (b) ''Is greater spending on education linked to higher literacy?'' Discuss. (c) What is Enterprise Resourse Planning? 13. Write about the following (in about 20 words each): 5x2=10 (a) ISRO (b) Central Vigilance Commission (c) NDDB (d) Hiren Mukherjee (e) Pareechu Lake
2005 1. Answer any one of the following question (in about 250 words): 30 (a) What in your opinion were the positive steps taken by the British to modernize India? (b) Examine the policy of Subordinate Union towards Princely States. Account for shift from the policy of Subordinate Isolation. 2. Answer any two of the following question (in about 150 words each): 15×2=30 (a) -Chelmsford Report communal representation and (b) (c) Why and how did the Congress come to accept the partition of the country? 3. Write about the following 9not exceeding 20 words each): 2×15=30 (a) Yajnavalkya Smriti (b) Sutta Pitaka (c) Bhagawati Sutra (d) Gangaikonda-Cholapuram (e) Nizamuddin Auliya (f) Radas (g) Calcutta Madrasa (h) Jagat Seth (i) Bhawani Mandir (j) Baba Ram Chandra (k) Pandita Ramabai (l) Sir Thomas Roe
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(m) Moplah Rebellion (n) Tavernier (o) Darul-Uloom 4. Answer any two of the following (in about 125 words each): 10×2=20 (a) What are the resource bases available for the economic development of by the newly created States of Jharkhand and Uttaranchal? (b) Elucidate the factors contributing to the growing need for water harvesting in India, both rural and urban. (c) you agree? 5. Write note on the following (in about 20 words each): 2×5=10 (a) Regurs (b) Karewas (c) Negative impacts of shifting cultivation (d) Cases of droughts in India (e) Significance of Lake Chilka 6. Answer any one of the following (in about 250 words each) 30 (a) Comment on the financial relation between the Union and the States in India. Has post-1991 liberlization in any way affected it? (b) Is it possible to distinguish between judicial review and judicial activism in India? Does the recent behavior of the Indian judiciary partake more of judicial activism? Argue with suitable example. 7. Answer any one of the following (in about 250 words): 30 (a) Would you say that the implementation of the Panchayati System in the last ten years has led to a real restructuring of the Indian polity? (b) Give your views on the right to freedom of religions as enshrined in the Indian Constitution. Do they make India a secular State? 8. Answer any two of the following (in about 150 words each) : 15x2 = 30 (a) What are thw constitutional limitations on the free movements of Indians throughout the country? (b) How has the Indian State tackled the trade-off between environment and development? (c) What are the steps that the Election Commission may take if a recalcitrant State Government wants to put off Assembly Elections? 9. Answer the following questions (in about 20 words each) : 2x5 = 10 (a) What is meant b (b) What are the protections afforded to Scheduled Tribes in the Fifth Schedule of the Indian Constitution? (c) In what ways can the President of India ascertain the views of the Supreme Court on a particular bill? (d) What is the common point between Articles 14 and 226 of the Indian Constitution? (e) Who and what does the Indian Parliament consist of? 10. Answer any one of the following questions (in about 250 words) : 30 Page 69 of 85
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(a) Discuss the impact of globalization on higher education in India. (b) What is the disaster management? Discuss the steps required to tackle natural disasters. 11. Answer any two of the following questions (in about 125 words each) : 10x2 = 20 (a) Explain the implications of the recent Supreme Court Verdict on reservations in private and minority educational institutions. (b) What is the energy Independence? Discuss how India can be transformed (c) What is eco-tourism? How could it be promoted in India? 12. Write notes on any two of the following (in about 125 words each) :10x2 = 20 (a) Sethusamudram Project (b) Causes of soil erosion and its control in India (c) Use of Information technology in health management in India 13. Write short notes on the following (in about 20 words each) : 2x5 = 10 (a) Equal rights for women in parental property (b) National knowledge Commission (c) Genetically modified seeds (d) Ban on bar dancing (e) Rehabilitation of Street children in India
2006 Genarl Studies Paper-I 1. Answer any one of the following ( in about 250 words): 30 (a) Regardless of distance in time, there were lots of similarties between Lord Curzon and Jawaharlal Lal Nehru. Discuss. (b) How did the Government of India Act, 1935 mark a point of no return in the history of constitutional development in India? 2. Answer any two of the following (in about 150 words): 2×15=30 (a) What was the attitude of Indian Industrialists towards the Indian National Congress in the Pre-independent era? (b) Critically asse (c) Characterise the main features of Indian Renaissance. 3. Write about the following (not exceeding 20 words each): 15×2=30 (a) Kalhana (b) Panini (c) Yakshagana (d) Natyasastra (e) Tabaqat-i-Nasir (f) Madhura Vijayam (g) Pandurang Mahatmya
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General Studies (Mains) Paper I ► 2006
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(h) Prithviraj Raso (i) (j) Ali Sardar Jafri (k) Aruna Roy (l) Dr. J.C.Daniel (m) Balwant Gargi (n) Dr. Jayant Narlikar (o) Shashi Tharror 4. Answer any two of the following (in about 125 words): 2×10=20 (a) Bring out the prospects of development of alternative energy sources of India. (b) Blue Revolution has definite advantages in India but it is not free from environmental impacts. Discuss. (c) Why do the rivers of west coast not from a delta? 5. Write notes on the following ( in about 20 words each): (a) Mixed economy (b) Winter rains in India
5×2=10
(c) New Moore Island (d) National Water Grid (e) Hussain Sagar 6. Answer any one of the following (in about 250 words): 30 (a) What is right to life and personal liberty? How have the courts expanded its meaning in recent years? (b) On What grounds can a member be disqualified from either House of Parliament? 7. Answer any one of the following questions (in about 250 words) : 30 (a) America ? What are its implications for both the partners? (b) Discuss economic backwardness as a major challenge of Indian democracy. Can Democracy and development go together smoothly? 8. Answer any two of the following question (in about 150 words): 2×15=30 (a) How would you differentiate between the passage of a Constitution Amendment Bill and of an Ordinary Legislative Bill? (b) How does the Inter- State Council establish co-ordination between States? (c) Court of India? 9. Answer the following question (in about 20 words each): 5×2=10 (a) Explain the following terms: (i) Dissolution of the House (ii) Prorogation of the House Page 71 of 85
General Studies (Mains) Paper I ► 2007
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(iii) Adjournment of the business of the House (b) What is Consolidated Fund of India? (c) To What extent can the President withhold his assent to a Bill already passed by the Parliament? (d) Policy ? (e) 10. Answer any one of the following questions (in about 250 words): 30 (a) What are the social and economic consequences of abolishing child labour in India ? (b) Explain the implications of the implementation of Intellectual Property Clauses in our patent law regime after joining the WTO. 11. Answer any two of the following question (in about 125 words each): 2×10=20 (a) Explain full convertibility of Indian Rupee. (b) What are the linkages to be developed under the Knowledge Revolution for Rural India Plan? (c) 12. Answer any two of the following question ( in about 125 words each): 2×10=20 (a) Explain the social constraints in bringing about gender equality in Indian society. (b) What are the problems related to the rehabilitation of the mentally challenged persons in India? (c) Bring out the issues involved in implementing compulsory primary education in India. 13. Write about the following (in words 20 words each): (a) Business Process Outsourcing (b) Female foeticide (c) RCI (d) UNIDO (e) S. Chandrashekhar
2007 Time Allowed : Three Hours Maximum Marks : 300 Each Question is printed both in Hindi and in English. Answer must be written in the Medium specified in the Admission Certificate issued to you, Which must be stated clearly on the cover of the answer-book in the space provided for the purpose. No marks will be given for the answers written in a medium other than that specified in the Admission Certificate.
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General Studies (Mains) Paper I ► 2007
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Candidates Should attempt all Question strictly in accordance with the instructions given under each question. The number of Marks carried by each question is indicated at the end of the question. 1. Answer anyone of the following questions (in about 250 words): 30 (a) What was the character of social religious reforms in the 19th Century and how did they contribute to the national awakening in India? (b) The crisis of the colonial order during 1919 and 1939 was directly linked to the constitutional reforms, disillusionment and militant anti-colonial struggles. Elucidate. 2. Answer any two of the following questions (in about 150 words each) : 15x2 = 30 (a) What are the salient features of the Government of India Acts of 1858 and 1909? (b) Do you think Mahatma Gandhi's support to Khilafat Movement had diluted his secular credentials? Give your argument based on the assessment of events. (c) Evaluate the contribution of revolutionary terrorism represented by Bhagat 3. Write about the following (not 20 words each) : 2x15 = 30 (a) Age of Sangam Literature (b) Bhakti (c) Ashtadhyayi of Panini (d) Charvakas (e) Ajivikas (f) Gandhara Art (g) Mlechchas (h) Lingayats (i) Megasthenes (j) R. C. Dutt (k) Nagarjunakonda (1) Pastoralism (m) Rudramadevi (n) Sati (0) Ramanuja 4. Answer any two of the following questions (in about 125 words each) : 10x2=20 (a) Explain how the Himalayan and the Tibetan highlands play an important role in the development of the South West monsoon. (b) Technological changes have brought in a major shift in the use of roads as transport corridors in India. How far do you agree with this view? (c) Explain the nature and causes of growing slum problems in the metropolitan cities of India. 5. Write notes on the following (in about 20 words each): 2 x 5= 10 Page 73 of 85
General Studies (Mains) Paper I ► 2007
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(a) Special Economic Zone (SEZ) (b) Inceptisol (c) Jarawas (d) Indira Point (e) Causes of Chambal Ravines 6. Answer anyone of the following questions (in about 250 words) : 30 (a) What is a Constitution? What are the main sources of the Indian Constitution? (b) Bring out the differences between the Fundamental Rights and the Directive Principles of State Policy. Discuss some of the measures taken by the Union and State Governments for the implementation of the Directive Principles of State Policy. 7. Answer anyone of the following questions (in about 250 words): 30 (a). What is regionalism ? In which way regionalism has affected the Indian Polity. (b). what are the Main determination of voting behavior in India? 8. Answer any two of the following questions (in about 150 words each): 15x2 = 30 (a) What are the exceptions when the President of India is not bound by the aid and advice of the Council of Ministers? (b) What is pro tem Speaker? (C) Under what circumstances, Parliament may legislate on State subjects? 9. Answer the following questions (in about 20 words each): 2 x 5 = 10 (a). What is criminalization of politics? (b). How president of India elected? (c). what is casting vote? (d). what is the difference between council of Minister and Cabinet? (e). what is the importance of Right to constitutional remedies? 10. Answer anyone of the following questions (in about 250 words): 30 (a). what were the main recommendations of the Platform for Action (PFA) adopted at the Beijing Women Conference 1995? (b) Discuss the steps to get rid of child labour in India. 11. Answer any two of the following questions (in about 125 words each): 10x2=20 (a) What is stealth technology? (b) Differentiate between Natural and Cultural heritage. (c) What is value-based politics? 12. Write notes on any two of the following (in about 125 words each) : 10x2=20 (a) Integrated Child Services (lCDS) Development (b) Prime Minister's 5-point agenda for India's development as a knowledge society (c) The Lokpal Bill. 13. Write short notes on the following ( in about 20 words each ) 2 x 5 = 10 (a) Yakshagana Page 74 of 85
General Studies (Mains) Paper I ► 2008
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(b) PACE (c) Footloose Industries (d) The Statue of Liberty (e) Genome
2008 Time Allowed: Three Hours Maximum Marks: 300 1. Answer any two of the following ( in about 150 words each) : 15×2=30 (a) consequence of the establishment of new social economy, new state system, (b)
(c)
t of ideas. On the contrary,
-Cooperation Movement gave new direction and energy to the
2. Write about the following (not exceeding 20 words each): 2×15=30 (b) Ilbert Bill
(a) Lakshmi Bai, Rani of Jhansi (c) Lala Hara Dayal (d) Vaikam Satyagraha (e) Indian States Commission (f) Bodhisattva (g) Megasthenes (h) Brihadeshwara Temple, Tanjore (i) Perini Shivatandavam (j) Allasani Peddana (k) Golkonda Fort (l) Chishti Silsila (m) Chouth and Sardeshmukhi (n) Poona Sarvajanik Sabha (o) 3. Answer any two of the following (in about 150 words each): 15×2=30 (a) The winter rains in North Indai are largely related to Jet Streams and Western Disturbances. Bring out the relationship. (b) Agricultural Productivity in India remain low. Explain the reasons for this situation. (c) Bring out the pros and cons of Special Economic Zones. 4. Write about the following (not exceeding 20 words each ): 2×5=10
Page 75 of 85
General Studies (Mains) Paper I ► 2008
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(a) Buckingham Canal (b) Terai Region (c) Organic Farming (d) Demographic Dividend (e) 5. Answer any one of the following (in about 250 words): 30 (a) functioning of Indian polity. (b) Discuss the major extra-constitutional factors influencing the federal polity in India. 6. Answer any two of the following (in about 150 words each): 15×2=30 (a) Enumerate the Fundamental Duties incorporated in the Constitution after the 42nd Amendment. (b) Examine the demand for greater state autonomy and its impact on the smooth functioning of Indian Polity. (c) Discuss the composition and functions of the Union Public Service Commission. 7. Answer any two of the following (in about 150 words each): 2×5=10 (a) What is a Censure Motion ? (b) Distinguish between the auditing and accounting functions of the CAG of India. (c) Distinguish between a starred question and an unstarred one asked in the Parliament. (d) What is contempt of Parliament ? (e) What were the two major considerations to have the Governor appointed and not elected ? 8. Answer any one of the following (in about 250 words): 30 (a) What, in your opinion, are the causes of terrorism? Suggest suitable measures to deal with the threat of terrorism in India. (b) Do you think there is a need for a review of the Indian Constitution ? Justify your view. 9. Answer any two of the following (in about 150 words each): 15×2=30 (a) Examine the role of caste in Indian politics. (b) Discuss the problems in achieving National Integration in India.
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General Studies (Mains) Paper I ► 2009
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(c) Examine the impact of Regional Political Parties in Indian politics. 10. Answer any one of the following (in about 250 words): 30 (a) y examine this argument. (b) 11. Answer any two of the following (in about 150 words each) : 15×2=30 (a) Examine whether rural women in India have been empowered by their active participation in Panchayat Raj System. (b) d (c)
12. Write about the following (in about 20 words each): 2×5=10 (a) MTP Act (b) Supreme Court on Ragging (c) New Seven Wonders of the World (d) M.M. Punchi Commission (e) Lakshmi Mittal
2009 1. Critically analyse any two of the following statements with reference to the contexts in which they were made (in about 150 words each): 15×2 = 30 a. "Many Englishmen honestly consider themselves the trustees for India and yet to what a condition they have reduced our country". b. "The foreign power will be withdrawn but for me real freedom will come only when we free ourselves of the dominance of western education, western culture and the western way of living which have been ingrained in us." c. "Satan cannot enter till he finds a flaw. ...... A great ocean separates us educated few from the millions in our country." 2. Write about the following (not exceeding 20 words each): 2 × 10 = 20 Page 77 of 85
General Studies (Mains) Paper I ► 2009
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a. Kiang Nongbah b. Maski c. Govind Guru d. 'Brahmadeya' e. 'Egmore Faction' f. Haileybury College g. Ijara System h. Taji System i. Gurudwara Reform Movement j. 'Marumakkathayam' 3. Answer any four of the following (in about 150 words each): 15 × 4=60 a. Assess the significance of coastal regions in the economic development of India, b. Discuss the wetlands and their role in ecological conservation in India. c. Elaborate the steps taken by the Government for regionally differentiated approach to increase crop production and diversification in the country. d. Bring out the significance of the various activities of the Indian Meteorological Department. e. Examine the status of urbanization among the states in India and bring out spatial inequalities. 4. Write about the following (in about 30 words each): 3 × 10 = 30 a. 'bhuvan' website b. National Waterways c. Ultra Mega Power Projects d. NNRMS e. BSUP Scheme f. GAGAN Project g. Fruit Production in India h. Section 377 of IPC i. 'Whereabouts' clause of WADA j. Barren Island 5. Attempt any two of the following (in about 100 words each): 10 × 2 = 20 a. Analyse India's achievements in the sports sector during 2008-09
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General Studies (Mains) Paper I ► 2009
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b. List the salient features of the important folk dances of either Central India or North Eastern India. c. What are the important similarities and differences between the Hindustani and the Carnatic styles of classical music? 6. Answer any two of the following (in about 150 words each): 15 × 2 = 30 a. What are your views on the features and impact of the Domestic Violence Act, 2005? b. Are the traditional determinants of voting behaviour in India Changing? Examine in the context of the last General Elections. c. Examine corruption as a serious development challenge in Indian Polity. 7. Answer any two of the following (in about 150 words): 15 × 2 = 30 a. Mushrooming of Higher Educational Institutions was a matter of grave concern for Yaspal Committee. With reference to the relevant portion of that report give your views how to harmonise private investment and quality of education. b. In the changing context of governance in the country, what should be the role of the UPSC? c. In the context of recent incidents, suggest measures on how security of passengers and property can be improved over Indian Railways. 8. Answer any one of the following (in about 250 words): 30 a. Comment on the salient features of the Integrated Energy Policy recently approved by the Government and its implications on the energy security needs of the country. b. How far has the impact of the global meltdown been reflected in the Economic Survey 2008-09? Identify some of the core areas given priority to neutralise the adverse effects of the global downturn. 9. Answer any two of the following (in about 150 words each): 15 × 2 = 30 a. Trace the significant steps in the evolution of Television in the country.
Page 79 of 85
General Studies (Mains) Paper I ► 2010
10.
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b. The last National Family Health Survey (NFHS) displayed a very dismal picture of nutrition as regards several indicators for average Indians. Highlight the salient aspects of this problem. c. 'As we live in a plural society we need the greatest freedom to express our opinions even if others find it offensive' - Do you agree? Discuss with reference to some recent incidents in the Indian context. Write on the following (in about 20 words each): 2 × 10 = 20 a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. i. j.
Significance of 26th November in the country's polity Desert National Park Rajiv Gandhi Seva Kendra Deep Joshi's recent achievement Girni Kamgar Union Ayush-64 Rashtriya Gramin Vikas Nidhi (RGVN) Satya Vrat Shastri's recent achievement Pocket Veto PESA, 1996
2010 1. Answer the following (in about 250 words for each answer) : 20x2=40 (a) "Disputes between the- riparian states on sharing of river waters in postIndependence India are becoming increasingly complex." Objectively analyse the major disputes in this connection, with special reference to the Southern States. (b) Critically examine the differing estimates for (i) poverty figures, and (ii) GDP growth data for April-June 2010, that have been in the news recently. In your view, what estimates are more reflective of the ground reality, and why? 2. Answer any two of the following in about 150 words each: 12x2=24 (a), "Dalhousie's predecessors had acted on the general principles of avoiding annexations, if these could be avoided. Dalhousie acted on the principles of annexation, if he could do so legitimately. His annexations were both of war and peace." Analyse. (b) With respect to Cooperative Societies what are the salient features of the 106th and 111th Constitutional Amendment Bills as at present?
Page 80 of 85
General Studies (Mains) Paper I ► 2010
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(c) "Small-holder farms need to be strengthened to achieve national food security." Do you agree with this assessment? Substantiate. 3. Answer any two of the following in about 150 words 15×2=30 (a) Comment on the spatial components in urban solid waste management in the country. (b) Assess the contributions made by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) in agricultural development. (c) List the .significant local storms of the hot-weather season in the country and bring out their socio-economic impact. 4. Answer any two of the following in about 150 words 12x2=24 (a) What are the grounds of disqualification of a Member of Parliament from either House? Quote relevant provisions in your answer. (b) Distinguish between the objectives, structure and functioning of the Kendriya Vidyalaya Sangathan' and the Navodaya Vidyalaya Samiti (c) Bring out the salient features of the evolution and the current status of the 'Bharat Stage' vehicle emission norms in the country. 5. Write brief but precise notes on any six of the following. Your answer should not exceed 50 words in each case. 5x6=30 (a) Transhumance in India (b) Frontogenesis and Frontolysi.s (c) Golden Revolution (d) Sea-floor spreading (e) Legislative powers assigned to the Rajya Sabha under Art. 249 and Art. 312 of the Constitution (f) Causes for dominant dendritic pattern of drainage in the Gangetic plains (g) ' Break-of6. Answer any three of the following in about 150 words each: 12x3=36 (a) While bringing out their salient features, distinguish between either 'Madhubani' Art and 'Manjusha' Art or 'Rajasthani' schools of painting and the 'Pahari' school of Painting. (b) Bring out the powers and responsibilities attached to the office of the Speaker of the Lok Sabha. (c) Distinguish between the following four literary awards: (i) Jnanpith Award (ii) Sahitya Akademi Award (iii) Vyas Samman (iv) Sarastvati Summan (d) After the September 1st changes, do you think that Unit Linked Insurance Plans (ULIPs) and Mutual Funds (MFs) are on a level playing field ? Substantiate your answer from the perspective of an ordinary investor. 7. Answer any five of the following in about 150 words each: 12x5=60 (a) What implications in raising these rates? Page 81 of 85
General Studies (Mains) Paper I ► 2010
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(b) "Cost-benefit analysis should not be the sole consideration, while deciding to host events like the Commonwealth Games." Critically comment on this perspective. (c) List any eight 'Ramsar' wetland sites located in India. What is the 'Montreux Record' and what Indian sites are included in this Record? (d) Are the 'Dedicated Freight Corridor' railway project and the 'Golden Quadrilateral' road project mutually complementary or competitive? Assess. (e) "Upliftment of the neglected sections of society will be best served with many more centers of the Indira Gandhi National Tribal University." Expand on the assertion made. (f) Comment on the salient features of the recent draft Model Real Estate (Regulation of Development) Act of the Ministry of Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation of the Central Government. 8. Answer each of the following, briefly but precisely. Each answer should be less than 50 words. 5x6=30 (a) How is disagreement between the Legislative Council and the Legislative Assembly of a State in passing of an ordinary Bill, resolved? (b) Comment on the recent HFC-23 emissions controversy that includes in its ambit some Indian companies. (c) Comment on the recommendations of the Wadhwa Commission on the Public Distribution System. (d) What are the salient features of The National Oil Spill Disaster Contingency Plan? (e) You arrive first at, the scene where a bus accident has just occurred. What emergency measures should you immediately and safely adopt? (f) Bring out the sectoral and state-wise distribution patterns of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflows into the country. 9. Write brief notes on each of the following, in about 20 words each: 2x8=16 (a) Contributions of Latika Ghosh to the freedom struggle (b) Bhai Maharaj Singh as a freedom fighter (c) Chandrayaan-II (d) Agni-V (e) Babli Project (f) 'Swavalamban' Scheme (g) National Investment Fund (h) 'Aerostat' balloon 10. Who are the following and why have been in the news recently? (Each answer should not exceed 20 words) 2x8=16 (a) Divya Ajithkumar (b) N.C. Page 82 of 85
General Studies (Mains) Paper I ► 2011
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Saxena (c) Islam A. Siddiqui (d) Swarnalatha Cherukutty (e) Nitin Nohria (f) Deepak Mondal (g) Gaurav Singh Saini (h) Upendra Limaye
2011 General Studies Paper-I Time Allowed : Three Hour INSTRUCTIONS
Maximum Marks : 300
Each question is printed both in Hindi and in English Answer must be written in the medium specified in the Admission Certificate issued to you, which must be stated clearly on the cover of the answer-book in the space provided for the purpose. No marks will be given for the answer written in a medium other than that specified in the Admission Certificate. Candidates should attempt all questions strictly in accordance with the instructions given under each question. The number of marks carried by each question is indicated at the end of the question is indicated at the end of the question. 1. Answer any three of the following in about 250 words each: 20x3=60 (a) l that is contained in part IV-A of the Constitution is just a statement. (b) several principles, and Analyse this statements in the context of the judicial powers of the President of India. (c) to be underway in India. (d) Bring out the salient features of the PCPNDT Act, 1994, and the implications of its amendment in 2003. 2. Answer one of the following in about 250 words: 20 (a) Trace the salient sequence of events in the popular revolt that took place in February 1 the freedom struggle. Do you agree with the view that the sailors who took part in this revolt were some of the unsung heroes of the freedom struggle? (b) Evaluate the influence of the extent do you think were the social objectives of these organizations constrained by their political objectives?
Page 83 of 85
General Studies (Mains) Paper I ► 2011
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3. Answer one of the following in about 250 words: 20 (a) Critically examine the design of the National Rural Livelihoods Mission (NRLM) scheme. Do you think it has a better chance of success than the Swarnajayanti Gram Swarojgar Yojana (SGSY) in achieving its objectives ? (b) Highlight the structure, objectives and role of the Advertising Standards Council of India, In what way has the August 2006 government notification made it more effective? 4. Comment on any five of the following in about 150 words each: 12x5=60 (a) Salient recommendations of the RBI-appointed Damodaran committee on customer service in Banks. (b) Deendayal Disabled Rehabilitation Scheme (DDRS). (c) (d) mentary Standing (e) (BPL) households. (f) New initiatives during the 11th Five Year Plan in the National Programme for Control of Blindness (NPCB). 5. Examine any three of the following in about 150 words each: 12x3=36 (a) The impact of climate change on water resources in India. (b) Measures taken by the Indian government to combat privacy in the Indian Ocean. (c) The significance of counter-urbanisation in the improvement of metropolitan cities in India. (d) Problems specific to the denotified and nomadic tribes in India. 6. In the context of the freedom struggle, write short notes (not exceeding 50 words each) on the following: 5x3=15 (a) -Badal(b) Bharat Naujawan Sabha (c) 7. Comment on the following in not more than 50 words each: 5X6 = 30 (a) Phase-IV of the tiger monitoring programme in India. (b) Why the Central Statistics Office has notified a new series of Consumer Price Index from this year? (c) Composition and functions of the National Executive Comittee of the National Disaster Management Authority. (d) The Bihar Special Courts Act, 2009 and why it has been in the news recently? (e) Page 84 of 85
General Studies (Mains) Paper I ► The
End : Not yet! by mrunal.org
Commission. (f) The Community-Led Total Sanitation (CLTS) approach to sanitation. 8. Attempt the following in not more than 50 words each: 5X4= 20 (a) Distingu (b) Write a sentence each on any five of the following traditional theatre forms: (i) Bhand Pather (ii) Swang (iii) Maach (iv) Bhaona (v) Mudiyettu (vi) Dashavatar (c) What are the major different styles of unglazed pottery making in India? (d) List the classical dance forms of India as per the Sangeet Natak Akademi. 9. Comment on the following in not more than 50 words each: 5x5=25 (a) Nisarga-Runa technology of BARC. (b) The first-aid that you can safely administer to a person standing next to you at the bus-stop who suddenly faints. (c) The Kaveri K-10 aero-engine. (d) Molecular Breast Imaging (MBI) technology. (e) E-governance initiatives by the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC). 10. Who are the following and why have they been in the news recently? (Each answer should not exceed 20 words). 2x7=14 (a) Lieutenant Navdeep Singh (b) Rahim Fahimuddin Dagar (c) Lobsang Sangay (d) P.R. Sreejesh (e) Nileema Mishra (f) V. Tejeswini Bai (g) Aishwarya Narkar
The End : Not yet! Paper II is given in a seprate PDF file, otherwise this would have
become a 180 Page PDF file = my own computer starts lagging like hell! To get regular updates related to UPSC Civil Service Preparation, subscribe to mrunal.org
Page 85 of 85
General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 1987
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General Studies (Mains) Paper II 1987 to 2011 (Last 25 Years) Compilation by Mrunal
Action Plan - To get really Decent marks in General Studies paper (and thus a high rank in the final merit list) do following - In the General Studies (Mains) paper, there are two types of question Static and Dynamic (Current Based) - By and large, General Studies Paper I & II are made up of following topics. 1. History (Always Static) 2. Culture (Almost Always Static) 3. Polity (Most of the Time.) 4. Yearbook stuff (Current Based) 5. Economy (Mixed) 6. International Relations and S&T (Lately current Based) 7. Statistics and Data Interpretation.(Always Static.) - Now, observe these old papers carefully, the Static questions/topics keep getting recycled and repeated. For example RIN mutiny was asked in 1998, again in 2011. Same for Polity (DPSP/Funda.rights) etc. - If you start manually writing answer for each and every question, it ional subjects to prepare! But atleast you can prepare a skeletal framework / keypoint answer, and keep revising it, definitely a few questions or topics would during the actual exam, for not having to brainstorm for the ideas. Because you already did that exercise @home, while solving these question. - For more downloads and articles, visit www.mrunal.org - Have trouble or doubt solving any question? Ask it on www.indianofficer.com, a forum where serious players hang out. - P.S. At some places the questions and sentences are missing or incomplete. But it is because the original source itself did not have those questions. (or I might have made some silly mistake writing the RegEx script, using which I compiled this whole database.)
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General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 1987
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Stupid Index for GS paper II (1987 to 2011) That is 25 years 1987 ............................................................................................................................................... 3 1988 ............................................................................................................................................... 6 1989 ............................................................................................................................................... 9 1990 ............................................................................................................................................. 12 1991 ............................................................................................................................................. 14 1992 ............................................................................................................................................. 17 1993 ............................................................................................................................................. 19 1994 ............................................................................................................................................. 22 1995 ............................................................................................................................................. 24 1996 ............................................................................................................................................. 27 1997 ............................................................................................................................................. 30 1998 ............................................................................................................................................. 33 1999 ............................................................................................................................................. 36 2000 ............................................................................................................................................. 39 2001 ............................................................................................................................................. 44 2002 ............................................................................................................................................. 48 2003 ............................................................................................................................................. 54 2004 ............................................................................................................................................. 59 2005 ............................................................................................................................................. 64 2006 ............................................................................................................................................. 68 2008 ............................................................................................................................................. 73 2009 ............................................................................................................................................. 77 2010 ............................................................................................................................................. 82 2011 ............................................................................................................................................. 86 The End : Yes .............................................................................................................................. 92
Page 2 of 92
General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 1987
by mrunal.org
1987 SECTION I 1 . (a) Briefly mention why and how the Chapter on Directive Priciples gained precedence over the Chapter on Fundamental Rights in The Indian Constitution. (About 250 words) 4 0 OR (b) Identify the nature and methods of parliamentary control over the Executive in Indian polity.(About 250 words) 2 . (a) Examine the particular reference to its objectives and constraints. Suggest a set of measures towards an improvement in the present in the present syst ems. (About 250 words) 4 0 OR (c) Account for the growing incidence of industrial sickness in Give reasons for your answer. (About 250 words) 3. (a) Scarcity of safe drinking water is an acu te problem in a large number of villages in India. Point out the factors which make even the available water unfit for drinking by the rural Population. What steps would you recommend to make such water potable? (About 250 words) 40 OR (b) Expert opinion is sharply divided regarding the advisability or otherwise of building nuclear power plants in India.Sunnarize the chief arguments on either side and suggest what according to you would be a wiser policy. (About 250 words) SECTION II 4 . Answer any two of the following (Answer to each question should be in about 150 words): 2 0 +2 0 (a) What are the main features of the Anti -defection legislation of 1985? (b) To What extent does the President of India possess discretionary powers? If any, what are they? (c) Discuss the importance of Article 32 of the Indian constitution. (d) 5 . Answer any two of the following (Answer to each question should be in about 150 words): 2 0 +2 0
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General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 1987
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(a) Comment on the employment strategy as envisaged in our Seventh Five Year Plan. (b) Give an account of the mechanism employed in India to transfer financial resources from the Centre to the States. (c) Distinguish clearly
(d) Observe the following data and analyse the underlying
Item percentage of → Year World National ↓ Exports Imports Income 1949 1961 1971 1985 1987
2.40 1.05 0.65 0.43 0.40
57.9 93.9 69.0 62.6
5.0 4.5 6.8 6.6
6 . Answer any two of the following (Answer to each question should be in about 150 words): 1 5 +1 5 (a) Despite the fact that half of India lies outside the Tropic of Cancer, India is called a tropical country. Why is it so? (b) What is the Exclusive Economic Zone of India? Why has it been constituted? (c) What is the need for Coal Conservation? What are the major (d) What do you understand by Ecological Balance? Why is this balance necessary? What is being done in India today to maintain this balance? 7 . Answer any two of the following (Answer to each question should be in about 150 words: 1 5 +1 5 (a) present in India ar you agree with this view? (b) Comment on the state of computer technology in India Page 4 of 92
General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 1987
by mrunal.org
today. In this context, point out the possible uses to which super-computers could be put. (c) It is believed that the use of fibr e optics will revolutionize the telecommunication technology. What progress has been made in India in this field? (d) immunize the rural population against common diseases to which they are generally prove. SECTION III 8 . Answer four question from Group A, three from Group B and three from Group C (Answer to each question should be given in 2 or 3 sentence): 30 Grou p A (a) What is Zero-base budgeting? (b) What are the likely advantages of the recent Government policy of Broad-banding? (c) Despite an increase in the pay-packet, the purchasing power of the people has not really gone up. How can this happen? (d) The Economic offenders often thrive in a parallel economy. Is it true or false? Explai n your view. (e) What are the limitations of mechanized farming in the Indian context? (f) Recall three specific incentives given our government to attract industries to the backwards areas. Name two such areas and their location. GROUP B (a) Define the write of Certiorari. (b) (c) Why is the Indian Constitution called quasi -federal ? (d) Under what circumstances, can the financial Emergency be imposed in India? (e) State the functions of the Commissioner for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. (f) How are chief Justices of high courts in India appointed? GROUP C (a) have been made in Indian coastal waters recently? (b) What is eutrophication ? What are its effects ? (c) Maharaja Swai Jai Singh II of Jaipur has built five observations for astronomical observation. Two of these are Page 5 of 92
General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 1988
by mrunal.org
situated at delhi and Jaipur. Where are the other three located ? (d) teps are taken to protect the rural population from this preventable disease ? (e) (f) Recentaly oil and gas have been discovered at a number of places in the Godavari -Krishna delta region. Name three locations where these deposits are found.
1988 SECTION I 1 . Discuss the methods by which Parliament controls public expenditure in India. (About 250 words) 40 OR (b) What do you consider are the problems of National Integration in India? Suggest suitable remedies. (About 250 words) 2 . (a) Discuss the problem of rural unemployment in India. What specific schemes have been launched by the Government to generate employment opportunities in rural areas? (About 250 words) 40 OR (b) Discuss the contribution of public sector enterprises to the economic development of India. Are these enterprises generating enough resources for further investment in the economy? (About 250 words) 3 . (a) Trace the growth of Science museums in India. Examine their role in promoting science awareness and the spirit of scientific temper among the common people.(About 250 words) 40 OR (b) What is Integrated Pest Control Management? Comment on its current status in the Country? (About 250 words) SECTION II 4 . Answer ant two of the following (Answer to each question should be in about 150 words): 2 0 +2 0 (a) What the major commitments of the Constit ution of India are as incorporated in its preamble?
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General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 1988
by mrunal.org
(b) Explain the concept of Minorities in the Indian Constitution and mention the safeguards provided therein or their protection. (c) Examine the role and functions of the State Governors as set out in the Constitution of India. (d) Explain the Constitutional responsibilities of the Election Commission of India. 5 . Answer ant two of the following (Answer to each question should be in about be in about 150 words): 2 0 +2 0 (a) There is renewed emphasis o n district planning in India. Examine its rationale, Past experience and scope for success (b) Examine the debt burden of the Government on India. Is the (c)
s
place in the economy? (d) Examine their impact on the general price level. 6 . Answer any two of the following (Answer to each question should be in about 150 words): 2 0 +2 0 (a) States the types of environmental pollution and some of the place where it has occurred due to the progress of industrialization in India. (b) Which parts of India were mainly affected by the serve drought of 1987-88? What were its main consequences? (c) What are black soils ? Give their distribution in India and explain their uses and problems. (d) Mention any three tribal areas in India. What are the main programme ? 7 . Answer any two of the following (Answer to each question should be in about 150 words): 2 0 +2 0 (a) The Government of India has recently set up a Department of Food Processing. What are its functions? (b) Some experts are of the opinion that the dams and the reservoirs located in different parts of the country may lead to undesirable consequences. How far are these fears justified?
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General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 1988
by mrunal.org
(c) What are the aims of the New Techno logy Policy? What steps are being taken to improve the standards of technical education? (d) What is fluorosis? What can be done to minimize its harmful effects? SECTION III 8 . Answer four question from Group A , three from Group B and three from Group C. (Answer to each question should be in about 25 words): 3 0 GROUP A (a) Name the direct and indirect taxes levied by the Government of India. Which of these yields the highest amount of revenue? (b) What is Minimum Wages? Is there any such provision in India? (c) What are lead banks? (d) What is the HBJ pipe line? What will it carry, from where to where, and for what purpose? (e) What is shifting cultivation, and where is it carried on? (f) Where is the Desert National Park situated in India? Why has it been created? GROUP B (a) business in parliament? (b) State the Parliament of the members of the Parliament? (c) Explain the significance of Article 370 in the Constitution of India. (d) What is the objective of the Commission of Inquiry (Amendment) Bill of 1986? (e) What is meant by collective responsibility of Parliamentary democracy? (f) Why India is called a Republic? GROUP C (a) What is El Nino? How is it relevant to India? (b) (c) Explain the meaning and the uses of gene therapy. (d) What are the harmful consequences of excessive noise? (e) Advances in biotechnology unknown in n ature. What are their uses? (f) What is Ozone pollution ? Page 8 of 92
General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 1989
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1989 SECTION I 1 . (a) Define the duties and powers of the Comptroller and Auditor General of Indian in regard to Audit and show how the Constitution provides for his independence from Executive Control.(About 250 words) 40 OR (b) Discuss the power, privileges and immunities of the Indian Parliament.(About 250 words) 40 OR (b) Discuss the power, privileges and immunities of the Indian Parliament.(About 250 words) 2 . (a) Distinguish between the status, organization and specific roles of the Planning Commission and the Finance Commission in India.(About 250 words) 40 OR (b) What are the basic objectives of agricultural price policy of the Government of India & how is it implemented? (About 250 words) 3 . (a) The Council of Scientific and Industrial Research has established a number of laboratories for interacting with industry and development of indigenous technologies. Citing specific example, point out the significant achievements of CSIR in the last one decade. (About 250 words) 40 OR (b) India is planning to provide for the generation and distribution of 38,000 MW of electric power in the Eighth Plan. How are these objectives to be achieved? What are the constraints that are likely to be met with? (About 250 words) SECTION II 4 . Answer any two of the following (Answer to reach question should be in about 150 words): 2 0 +2 0 (a) Examine the powers and functions of the spaker of the Lok Sabha. (b) Explain the relevance of Rajya Sabha as a second chamber in the Federal set-up of the Indian Parliamentary System. (c) Discuss the relationship between the Executive and the legislative wings with reference to India. (d) Describe the organization and function of the committee
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General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 1989
by mrunal.org
system in Indian Parliament. 5 . Answer any two of the following (Answer to each question should be in about 150 words): 2 0 +2 0 (a) What are the main components of the no -plan expenditure of the Government of India? Discuss the recent trends in the growth of this expenditure. (b) Despite having high saving and investment rates. India is Experience a low growth rate. Why is it so? (c) What is the economic rationale for undertaking the Backward Area Development Programme? Discuss the specific measures taken by the Government in this direction. (d) What is meant by a high cost economy? Has India developed into a high cost economy and if so , how? 6 . Answer any two of the following 9Answer to each question should be in about 150 words): 1 5 +1 5 (a) What are the salient features of the hill economy of Northern India, and how do these account for its relative backwardness? (b) How has modern technology contributed to a better forecasting of weather? Mention the particular efforts made in India in This regards. (c) What geopolitical and economic advantages are enjoyed by India due to its location in the southern part of the Continent o f Asia? (d) Examine the production and supply of edible oil in India. What are its main source crops and where are they grown? Do we have to import edible oil? 7 . Answer any two of the following (Answer to each question should be in about 150 words): 2 0 +2 0 (a) Describe the important new techniques which are being introduced in India for crop improvement. (b) It has been estimated that there are more than four million leprosy patients in India. What steps are being taken by the Government of India for their treatment and rehabilitation? (c) What are the non-conventional sources of energy relevant in the Indian Context? Comment on the status of the technologies available for their utilization. (d) Water-conservation has assumed and urgency, partic ularly in drought prone areas. What are the methods available for controlling water evaporation from large surface (e.g. ponds Page 10 of 92
General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 1989
by mrunal.org
and tanks) and improving the water -holding capacity of the soil? SECTION III 8 . Answer four question from Group A, three question from Group B and three question from Group C. (Answer to each question should be in about 25 words) 30 GROUP A (a) What is NABARD and what is its main role? (b) What are mutual funds? Do we have such funds in India? (c) the laws enacted in India to deal with them. (d) What is meant by population explosion? Has it occurred in India? (e) Which part of India has developed comparatively more marine-based industries and why? (f) Name the minerals used in generating nuclear energy and the places where they are found in India. GROUP B (a) What is meant by a Cut Motion in Parliament? Mention its different kinds. (b) Discuss the value of the consultative committees attached to the different Ministries of the Government of India? (c) Distinguish between a starred question and an unstirred one asked in the Parliament. (d) How is breach of Parliament Privilege different from Contempt of the House? (e) here the Rajya Sabha alone has (f) Explain what is a point of order? When can it be raised? GROUP C (a) Give the names of three missiles developed by India under the Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme. Briefly mention their capabilities. (b) they been in the news recently? (c) (d) What is ultrasound? States Two of its uses in modern medical practice. (e) What is a remedy? Page 11 of 92
General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 1990
by mrunal.org
(f)
1990 SECTION I 1 . (a) The emphasis in modern federations should not be one division and separation but on Collaboration and on Co Policy. (In about 250 words) 4 0 OR (b) Review the present Electoral System in India an d suggest modifications to ensure better and healthier Policy. 2 . (a) Indentify and analyse a few major amangement problems which the Indian Public enterprises are facing today. In the light our public enterprises? (About 250 words) 40 OR (b) What is the rationale for decentralized planning in India? Discuss the obstacles that have stood in the way of such planning? (About 250 words) 3 . (a) What are the main recommendations of the Montreal Protocol to Protect the Ozone layer ? What are the implications for India of the latest convention held at London? (About 250 words) 40 OR (b) What is the application of superconductors in computers? SECTION II 4 . Answer any two of the fo llowing (Answer to each question should be in about 150 words): 2 0 +2 0 (a) What are the major recommendations of the National Perspective Plan for women, 1988 and what are the relevant recommendations as envisaged in the Constitutional Amendment Bill (64 th Amendment)? (b) Explain the nature and extent of discretionary power and special responsibilities of the Governor in the Indian Constitution? (c) Describe the Constitutional position of the Civil Services in India. How is their neutrality and i ndependence sought to be achieved? (d)
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General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 1990
by mrunal.org
Indian Constitution accompanying the fundamental rights? 5 . Answer any two of the following (Answer to each question should be in about 150 words): 2 0 +2 0 (a) What is the economic rationale behind the establishment of
(b) State and explain briefly the economic implications of the (c) Discuss the factors that have led to the recent increase in the general price level and the measures taken by the Government to combat it. (d) What measures have been taken under the Five Year Plans to increase employment opportunities in rural areas? 6 . Answer any two of the following (Answer to each question should be in about 150 words): 1 5 +1 5 (a) Explain the concept of National Water Grid and its objectives. (b) What is the need for soil conservation? What are the major measures taken by the Government towar ds conserving Soil in India? (c) Comment on the detrimental effects of canal irrigation? (d) between urban peripheral growths, suburbs and satellite towns giving, at least, one example of each type fr om any metropolitan centre India. 7 . Answer any two of the following (Answer to each question should be in about 150 words): 2 0 +2 0 (a) Briefly describe the Karimnagar experiment for application of Science and Technology for regional developme nt. (b) The ICMR has cautioned that the dreaded disease AIDS might spread in the next few years in India too. What steps are recommended for its control? (c) Aqua culture (inland fish farming) is considered to have an important role in increasing the food supply and generate employment. What steps are being taken by the Government to encourage aqua culture? (d) Write an account of BVO. Give reasons against its use. SECTION- III 8 . Answer four question from Group A, Three from Group B and three from Group C. Page 13 of 92
General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 1991
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(In about 25 words) 30 GROUP A (a) What is Exchange Risk Administration Scheme? (b) where the problem of industrial sickness is very acute. (c) in India. (d) setting up of such station? (e) Mention the states where shifting cultivation is still practiced in India. (f) Grou p B (a) Explain the significance of Prasar Bharati Corporation in the context of modern mass media. (b) What is contempt of Parliament? Mention its various kinds. (c) State the significance of Article 370 of our Constitution. (d) Describe the procedure for the creat ion of Second Chamber of the State Legislature. (e) Define Write of Mandamus. Explain its importance. (f) What are the functions of the Business Advisory Committee of the Loksabha? GROUP C (a) What is frequency modulation? (b) What do you understand by nuclear fall out? What are its harmful effects? (c) What is photonics? Mention some of the areas of its application. (d) (e) What is meant by global warning? What are its effects? (f) Mention the breakthrough made in NCL in the field of plant genetics and explain its significance. 8
1991 Sect ion I 1 . (a) Examine the constitutional relation between the President and the Prime Minister of India. (About 250 words) 40 OR (b) Examine whether the grant of greater autonomy to the States would be in the interets of strengthening the integrity and promoting the economic development of the country,
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General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 1991
by mrunal.org
especially in the light of recent happenings in our Country. (About 250 words) 4 0 2 . (a) What usually is meant by the expression an underdeveloped economy? What, according to you, are the basic causes of underdevelopment in India? (About 250 words) 40 OR (b) Discuss the measures taken in the five -years plans to mitigate rural poverty. (About 250 words) 40 3 . (a) What is artificial intelligence? What is its current scenario and what are its prospects? (About 250 words) 4 0 OR (b) Give a brief account of major achievements in the relam of Biotechnology in India. (About 250 words) Sect ion II 4 . Answer any two of the following (Answer to each questions should be in about 150 words) 2 0 +2 0 (a) Discuss the powers of the President of India regarding the scheduled areas. (b) What are the constitutionals provisions that insure the independence of the Public Service Commission in India? (c) Discuss the secular nature of Indian Polity and the position of minorities in India. (d) 'The plannings operations in India have led to erosion of federalism ; Discuss. 5 . Answer any two of the following (Answer to each questions should be in about 150 words) 2 0 +2 0 (a) Analyze the main defects of Indian Trade Union Movement. (b) Bring out the main features of India's Trade policy. (c) What, according to you, are the remedies to the problem of rural indebtedness in India? (d) What are the factors that ensure the success of the Public Distribution system? 6 . Answer any two of the following (Answer to each questions should be in about 150 words) 1 5 +1 5 (a) What do you understand by the Integrated Rural E nergy System? Also mention at least three new Sources of Energy. (b) Examine the recent developments that have taken place in identifying and mapping land resources in India. (c) Explain the factors affecting the distribution of population in Page 15 of 92
General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 1991
by mrunal.org
India, bringing out the variation in density over space. (d) Account for varied enviornmental problems resulting from wide spread deforestation in both Aravallis and Himalayan regions. 7 . Answer any two of the following (Answer to each questions should be in about 150 words) 2 0 +2 0 (a) Trace the progress of India's Space Research Programmes? What are its significant achievements? (b) What is 'Jal Shakti'? What are its uses? (c) What is the basis of monsoon forecasts now prepared by the Indian Metrological Departme nt, Which have been reasonable correct for the last three successive years? (d) the National Hydroelectric Power Corporation (NHPC) is expected to set up a number of hydroelctrics projects in the Eighth plan. Summarise the salient features of the proposal . Sect ion III 8 . Answer four questions from Group A, three from Group B and three from Group C (Answer to each question should be in about 25 words each) Grou p A (a) What is Non-Plan Expenditure? (b) What is Statutory liquidity Requirement of Commercial banks? (c) What is ICICI? (d) What is 'Dakshina Ganga'? What is it so named? (e) How was Meghalaya Plateau seperated from the Deccan Plateau? (f) If the context of recent institutional developments in our capital markets, what do the following abbreviations stand for: (i) CRISIL (ii) SEBI (iii) SHCI Grou p B (a) Distinguish between value-based and personality-based politics. (b) Distinguish between Care-taker Government and Minoroty Government. (c) When can the Governor of a State reserve a Bill for consideration by the President of India? (d) Why was Education taken out of the State List and inserted in the concurrent list of the Indian constotution? (e) Set fourth the functions of the Cabinet. Page 16 of 92
General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 1992
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(f) What is the value of 'O and M' in Administration? Grou p C (a) What are binary chemcals weapons? (b) What is SQUID? Which of the CSIR laboratories are working on it? (c) What is tissue culture? (d) What is Hepetitis E? (e) What are ocean floor polymettalic sulphides? Where is the largest occurence of diposits reported? (f) Name the main offshore oil field of India and the agency which operates it.
1992 Sect ion I 1 . (a) What are the general features of the amending producers of the Constitution of India? (About 250 words) 4 0 OR (b) What are Zonal Councils? Discuss their constitution, role and importance in achieving inter -state comity. (About 250 words) 2 . (a) What role were the public Sector Undertaking expected to play in our planning process? Briefly state the current policy of the Government of India with respect to Public Sector Undertakings. (About 250 words) 4 0 OR (b) Are there good reasons behind the suggestion that in the new programme of economic liberalization, India should go slow in the matter of 'exit policy'? (About 250 words) 3 . (a) Discuss the potential of solar energy utilization in India (About 250 words) 4 0 OR (b) What is biodervisity? why should it be preserved? (About 250 words) SECTION II 4 . Answer any two of the following (Answer to each question should be in about 150 words) 2 0 +2 0 (a) Besides the Directive contained in Part IV, there are certain other Directives addressed to the state in other parts of the Constitution. What are they? (b) Explain the scope of the Advisory jurisdiction of the
Page 17 of 92
General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 1992
by mrunal.org
Supreme Court of India. (c) Explain the status, composition and functions of the Minorities Commission. (d) Indicate the structure and functions of the committee on Public Undertakings. 5 . Answer any two of the following (Answer to each question should be in about 150 words) 2 0 +2 0 (a) What is Partial Convertibility of rupee? What are its basic objectives? How is it going benefit the Indian economy? (b) Discuss the main features of India's Eight Five -Year Plan with special reference to the agricultural sector. (c) What are the main sources of short-term and long-term finance for Indian industries? (d) Explain the term 'Integrated Rural Development ; Bringing out its strategic importance. 6 . Answer any two of the following (Answer to each question should be in about 150 words) 1 5 +1 5 (a) What do you understand by command Area Development? (b) Mention some of the new programmes that have been undertaken in recent years in respect of nuclear research in India. (c) What do you understand by Environmental Pollution? Mention the various kinds of pollution and their effect on human health in India. (d) Briefly explain the use of various chemical fertilizers in India agriculture. 7 . Answer any two of the following (Answer to each question should be in about 150 words) 2 0 +2 0 (a) Discuss briefly the importance of the cryogenic engine for India's space programme. (b) What is a fast breeder reactor? Discuss briefly its role in India's nuclear energy programme. (c) What are biofertilizers? What advantages do they have over chemical fertilizers? (d) What are the salient features of India's missile development programme. SECTION III 8 . Answer four question from Group A, three question from Group Band three Group C (Answer to each question should be in about 25 words) 3 0 Page 18 of 92
General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 1993
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GROUP A (a) Distinguish between Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and Gross National Product (GNP) (b) What are 'Footloose Industries'? (c) What is fiscal drag? What is its effect? (d) What is Gini coefficient? (e) Give the full names of: (i) FAO (ii) FOB (iii) GATT (f) Describe the main objective of DPAP. GROUP B (a) State the difference between the council of Ministers and the Cabinet. (b) The writ of Mandamus will not be granted against certain persons. Who are they? (c) Distinguish between the All India Service s and Central Services. (d) Distinguish between Annual Financial Statements and Annual Finance Bill. (e) What is lame-duck-session of legislature? (f) Who is a Pro tem Speaker? What are this responsibilities? GROUP C (a) What is a heavy water? What is it u sed for? (b) What is a leap second? (c) What do the following stand for? (d) What is 'Maitri'? (e) What is the advantage of putting a satelite in the geosynchronous orbit? (f) What is MRI? What is it used for?
1993 SECTION I 1 . (a) What are the essentials of a true federation? Analyse the nature of the Indian federation. (About 250 words) 40 OR (b) Describe the powers and functions of the Council of States. Compare its powers with those of the House of the People. (About 250 words) 2 . (a) Discuss the main issues involved in the provisions regarding the Trade Related Intellectual Property Rights in the DUNKEL Draft text, in relation to India. 4 0
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General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 1993
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OR (b) One of the priority objectives of the Eight Five year Plan is the ''generation of adequate employem ent to achieve near full emloyement level by the turn of the century.'' (Eight Five year Plan) What is the strategy envisaged for the fullfilment of this objective? (About 250 words) 40 3 . (a) What is a supercomputer? Give an account of supercomputer development in India. (About 250 words) 4 0 OR (b) What is genetic conservation? Bring out the salient features of genetic conservation activity in India. SECTION II 4 . Answer any two of the following (Answer to each question should be in about 150 words): 2 0 +2 0 (a) What are the fundamental duties and their implications. (b) Describe the doctrine of colourable legislation. (c) Describe the composition and functions of the Election Commission of India. (d) Describe the composition and functions of the National Development Council. 5 . Answer any two of the following (Answer to each question should be in about 150 words): 2 0 +2 0 (a) What measures have been taken by the Government of India to attract direct foreign investment, as a part of the new strategy of Industrial Development in India? (b) Bring out the main change in the Panchayti raj System in India through the Seventy Third Constitutional Amendment Act? (c) it is claimed that the price situation in India improved considerably in 1992-93 with a gradual decline in the annual rate of inflation in the course of the year. What are the factors that moderated the inflationary pressures? (d) In a developing country like ours what according to y ou, should be the basis of taxation -income or consumption? Spell out your arguments clearly. 6 . Answer any two of the following (Answer to each question should be in about 150 words): 1 5 +1 5 (a) Give your assesment of the soundness of large river vally projects with high dams vis-a-vis smaller river valley projects. Page 20 of 92
General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 1993
by mrunal.org
(b) Which parts of India are described as 'arid zones'? Comment on the characteristics and economic activities prevalant in these regions? (c) What is remote sensing? Describe the status of re mote sensing in India. (d) What is social forestry? Describe how social forestry can help in the uplift of the rural poor. 7 . Answer any two of the following (Answer to each question should be in about 150 words): 2 0 +2 0 (a) Give an account of the ac hievements of Indian defence scientists in technology development. (b) Describe how biotechnology is finding in medicine. Give a few current examples. (c) What is a CD-ROM? Describe its main advantages a vehicle for information dissemination. (d) What is RDX made of? Why has it been in the news lately? SECTION III 8 . Answer four question from Group A, three from Group B and three from Group C (Answer to each question should be in about 25 words): GROUP A (a) What does SDR stand for? how are the countries be nefited by it? (b) What do you mean by Government Buffer Stock Operations? (c) What is Opportunity Cost? (d) What is ICOR? What does a high ICOR indicate? (e) What is a biosphere reseve? (f) What is meant by growth rate of population? GROUP B (a) Distinguish between preventive detention and punitive detention. (b) What are the various writs available to the citizens of India? (c) When and why was the National Literacy Mission founded? (d) What is meant by 'equal protection of law'? (e) What is the content o f the 10th Schedule of the Constituion of India? (f) What is the purpose of Article 24 of the Constitution of India? GROUP C (a) What is an E-lamp? What are its main advantages? Page 21 of 92
General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 1994
by mrunal.org
(b) What is DPT vaccine? What is it used for? (c) What are synthetic seeds? (d) What are jet strams? (e) What do the following stand for: (i) ANURAG (ii) HVDC (iii) GMRT (f) What is VIKAS engine? What is it being used for?
1994 SECTION I 1 . (a) "In India though the Governor is the constitutional head of a state just as the President of the country , the former may be enjoying more powers than the latter." Do you agree? Give reasons. (About 250 words) 4 0 OR (b) Explain the role of the Planning Commission and the National Development Council in the formulation of public policy in India. (About 250 words) 2 . (a) Differentiate between indicative and target planning where should the Eigth Five year Plan be placed? (about 250 words) 4 0 OR (b) It is being suggested that the coomercial banks in India should reduce their holdings of non -performing assets. Does it mean that the former should abandon social priorities? (About 250 wprds) 4 0 OR (b) What are the diseases caused by Iodine Deficiency? What steps are being taken to tackle problem in India? (About 250 words) SECTION II 4 . Answer any two of the following (Answer to each question should be in about 150 words): 2 0 +2 0 (a) Explain the significance of the April 1994 Supreme Court judgement on the proclamation of President's rule. (b) Describe the emergence of Basic Structure co ncept in the Indian Constitution. (c) What are the major recommendations of the Swaminathan Committee's Draft National population Policy relating to
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General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 1994
by mrunal.org
gender issues? (d) Explain the position of the Election Commission with regard to the residential qualification of the members of the Council of States. What do you think about it? 5 . Answer any two of the following (Answer to each question should be in about 150 words): 2 0 +2 0 (a) What was the rational of the Mahalanobis Strategy of economic growth? (b) Indiacate briefly the tax reforms that have been introduced in India after the coming in of the New Economic Policy. (c) Discuss the desirability of removing all control in India on the import and export of agricultural commodities. (d) What is innovation? What kind of economic compulsions in a country like India, you think, could really stimulate innovations? 6 . Answer any two of the following (Answer to each question should be in about 150 words): 1 5 +1 5 (a) Why are the solis of Malwa in Madhya Pradesh black while those of karnataka red? Discuss the relative fertility of these soils. (b) Which part of India receives more rainfall from the north east monsoon than from the south-west monsoon? Explain why it is so? (c) What is "exclusive economic zone" of a country. Discuss its relevance to India. (d) What is dryland agriculture? Discuss its importance to India. 7 . Answer any two of the following (Answer to each question should be in about 150 words): 2 0 +2 0 (a) Describe briefly the different phases of India's nuclear energy programme. (b) What are high-temperature superconductors? Describe their important applications. (c) Describe the salient features of Project Tiger. How far has it helped in saving the ti ger from extinction? (d) What is DNA fingerprinting? Which research institution in India is working in this area? SECTION III 8 . Answer four questions from Group A, three from Group B and three from Group C (Answer to each question should be in about 25 words): 30 Page 23 of 92
General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 1995
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GROUP A (a) What is meant by equity in taxation? (b) Make a case for strengthening the social sector in India. (c) Can excessive economic backwardness it self be a cause of excess population? (d) Why should fiscal deficit in India be rising again? (e) Name the mineral which is mined at each of the following places: (i) Neyveli (ii) Panna (iii) Jaduguda (f) What is 'El Nino'? GROUP B (a) Differentiate between the 'due process of law' and 'the procedure established by law' in the context of de privation of personal liberty in India. (b) Explain the meaning of ex-post-facto legislation. (c) What is section 309 IPC about? Why was it in the news recently? (d) What is our country's highest civilian award? Who are the two foreigners on whom the award was conferred? (e) Indicate the provisions of Indian Constitution relating to Secularism. (f) Four more languages were added to the 8th Scheduled of the Constitution through two amedments. Give the names of these four languages as also the serial number o f amendments. GROUP C (a) What are encilities? (b) What is Talsur? (c) What is Piezoelectricity? (d) What do the following stand for? (i) C-DAC (ii) SROSS (iii) INSDOC (e) What is 'Shoemaker-Levy 9'? Why was it in the news recently? (f) What is a gene? Where is it found?
1995 Page 24 of 92
General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 1995
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SECTION I 1 . (a) Distinguish between Parliamentary and Presidential forma of Government. Do you think that changing over to Presidential form will be a solution for better governance? Substantiate your answer. (About 250 words) 4 0 OR (b) What is the position of the Supreme Court under the Constitution of India? Discuss its role as a guardian of the Constitution. (About 250 words) 2 . (a) In what ways do land reforms help agricultural growth? Briefly state the aim of land reforms as e nvisaged in the Eigth Five Year Plan. (About 250 words) 4 0 (b) Do you agree with the view that, in a country like India, a tax? Argue the case in the light of Raja Chelliah Tax Reform Committee Report. (About 250 words) 40 3 . (a) What is 'greenhouse effect'? What are its adverse effects on the Earth's enviornment? What steps are being taken to check the same? (About 250 words) 40 OR (b) What is AIDS? Describe its salient features. (About 250 words) SECTION II 4 . Answer any two of the follo wing (Answer to each question should be in about 150 words): 2 0 +2 0 (a) Explain the functions of the Estimates Committee. (b) Describe the non-federal features of the Council of States. (c) What are the constitutional rights of the citizens of India? What do you think about the demand of the NRI's for dual citizenship? (d) Describe the salient features of Anti -Defection Law. 5 . Answer any two of the following (Answer to each question should be in about 150 words): 2 0 +2 0 (a) Does reduction in f iscal deficit necessarily assure reduction in inflation? (b) What policy has the Government of India adopted in recent years to protect our environment, control pollution and maintain ecological balance? State briefly. (c) Do you think that income tax redu ces economic incentives? Give your reasons. (d) What has been the rationale for deregulating commercial Page 25 of 92
General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 1995
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bank's lending rates as a policy stategy? 6 . Answer any two of the following (Answer to each question should be in about 150 words): 2 0 +2 0 (a) What do you understand by Deccan Trap? Describe its characteristics. (b) Why have the rivers of the peninsular India well -defined rigid channels in sharp contrast to the Himalyan rivers? (c) What is 'intensity of rainfall'? Discuss its importance to Indian farmers. (d) What is drip irrigation? Why is it considered the most efficient method of irrigation? 7 . Answer any two of the following (Answer to each question should be in about 150 words): 2 0 +2 0 (a) What is lead-free petrol? What are its merits and demerits? (b) What is PSLV? Describe its significance for India's space programme. (c) What do you understand by 'Karnal Technology'? What is it used for? (d) What is 'amniocentesis'? What has made it a controversial technique? SECTION III 8 . Answer four questions from Group A, three from Group B and three from Group C (Answer to each question should be in about 25 words): 30 GROUP A (a) What are fringe benefits? (b) What is Goup of 77? (c) Which sector of the economy is the informal sector? (d) What is Call Money? (e) Why do the Western Ghats receive more rainfall than the Eastern Ghats? (f) Name the industry which is located at each of the following places: (i) Bongaigaon (ii) Alwaye (iii) Kapurthala GROUP B (a) Define Financial Emergency. How m any times has this been proclaimed so far? (b) What is the present status of the right to property as a Page 26 of 92
General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 1996
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Fundamental Right? (c) Why is Article 32 considered as the cornerstone of the Constitution? (d) What is a bicameral legislature? Mention the states that have a bicameral legislature in our country. (e) Explain the scope of Article 331. (f) Explain the Status of the Ministers known as 'Ministers of State'. GROUP C (a) What is ELISA? What is it used for? (b) What are VSATs? What are they used for? (c) What isd pacemeker? How does it work? (d) What do the following stand for: (i) IREDA (ii) APPLE (iii) INMAS (e) What is EL Nino? what is its relevance to India? (f) What is bioremediation?
1996 SECTION I 1 . (a) What do you understand by the term 'Rule of Law' ? How does the Constitution of India seek to establish it? (About 250 words) 40 OR (b) Why does the Constitution of India contain different forms of Oath for the President, the Ministers, the Legislators and the members of the Judiciary? Discuss th eir significance. (About 250 words) 2 . (a) Comment on the view that economic planning can raise the rate of capital formation appreciably above the rate attainable under a system of private saving and investment. (About 250 words) 4 0 OR (b) Explain the factors responsible for the decile in the value of Indian Rupee vis-a0vis U.S. Dollar during the Financial year 1995-96. Enumerate the Corrective measures undertaken by the Reserve Bank of India in this regard. (About 250 words) 3 . (a) Describe how India's space programme has helped in its socio-economic development. (About 250 words) 40
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General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 1996
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OR (b) What are Intellectual Property Rights? Why are Indian scientists concerned about the new patent regimes? (About 250 words) SECTION II 4 . Answer any two of the following (Answer to each question should be in about 150 words) 2 0 +2 0 (a) What is a Cut Motion? Discuss its significance. (b) How are electoral constituencies delimited for Parliamentary elections in India? (c) What is delegated legislation and which are the factors responsible for its increase? (d) What are the Consolidated and Contingency Funds of India. How are the two operated? 5 . Answer any two of the following (Answer to each question should be in about 150 words) 2 0 +2 0 (a) What measures do you suggest to raise the volume of Public Savings in our country? Briefly state the importance of such saving for the contemporary economic scene. (b) Briefly comment on the purpose and type of changes made in our tax structure in the context of liberalisation and structural reforms during the first half of the 1990s. (c) Discuss briefly the main recommendations of the Tenth finance Commission. (d) How is poverty-line defined in India? Briefly enumerate the measures undertaken by the Go vernment in recent years to alleviate poverty. 6 . Answer any two of the following (Answer to each question ahould be in about 150 words) 1 5 +1 5 (a) Mention the advantages which India enjoys being at the head of the Indian Ocean. (b) What is shifting cultivation? Describe its salient characteristics with reference to India? (c) Where do mangrove forests occur in India? Describe their main characteristics. (d) What is ozone hole? How is it formed and what effect does it have on the earth? 7 . Answer any two of the following (Answer to each question should be in about 150 words) 2 0 +2 0 (a) What is nuclear medicine? Describe briefly its different uses. Page 28 of 92
General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 1996
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(b) What is virtual reality? What is it used for? (c) What is a microwave oven? How does it cook foo d? (d) What are transgenic organisms? What are they used for? SECTION III 8 . Answer four questions form Group A, three from Group B and three from Group C (Answer to each question should be in about 25 words): 3 0 GROUP A (a) What is a lorentz curve? (b) How do you distiguish between specific and ad valorem duties? (c) What is an MOU? What does it mean? (d) Differentiate between Trade and Balance of Payments. (e) Where are India's nuclear power plants located? (f) What are Bailey's beads? GROUP B (a) What is the major recommendation of Dinesh Goswami Committee? (b) What role can the Union Government play in setting interstate water disputes? (c) The Writ of Mandamus cannot be granted against certain persons. Who are they? (d) What constitutional provisions make the office of the Comptroller and Auditor General of India independent? (e) How do you distinguish between a Money Bill and a Finance Bill? (f) What are the functions of the Human Rights Commission of India? GROUP C (a) What is centchroman? (b) What is ultrasonography? (c) What do the following stand for: (i) C-DOT (ii) CGCRI (iii) INMAS (d) What is HIV? What does it cause? (e) Why does a lunar eclipse occur only on a full moon? (f) Where are the following located? (Give the name of the city and state) (i) Central Drug Research Institute Page 29 of 92
General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 1997
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(ii)Space Application Center (iii) Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research
1997 Gen eral St u dies P ap er - II Time Allowed : Three Hou rs Maximu m Marks : 3 0 0 Each Question is printed both in Hindi and in English. Answer must be written in the Medium specified in the Admission Certificate issued to you, Which must be stated clearly on the cover of the answer -book in the space provided for the purpose. No marks will be given for the answers written in a medium other than that specified in the Admission Certificate. Candidates Should attempt all Question strictly in accordance with the instructions given under each question. The number of Marks carried by each question is indicated at the end of the question. SECTION I 1 . (a) How are the President and the Vice President of India elected? What are the constitutional issues involved in their election? (Abou t 2 5 0 words) OR (b) What is Social Justice? How can reservation of seats for women in Parliament contribute to the establishment of a socially just society in India? (Abou t 2 5 0 words) 2. OR (b) Give your assessment on land reforms in India . (Abou t 2 5 0 words) 3 . (a) Why is Agni Project important for India? (Abou t 2 5 0 words) economic and defence requirements of the country? (Abou t 2 5 0 words) SECTION- II 4 . Answer any two of the following :
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General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 1997
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(An swer t o each q u est ion shou ld be in abou t 1 5 0 words) (a) Present your views for and against the creation of an All India Judicial Service. (b) Discuss the factors responsible for the rise of regionalism in India. How does it influence the political s ystem?
(i) Keshavanand Bharati v/s State of Kerala (1990) and (ii) Minerva Mills v/s Union of India (1990) (d) How does the Parliament control th e financial system in India? 5 . Answer any two of the following : (An swer t o each q u est ion shou ld be in abou t 1 5 0 words) (a) Discuss the steps taken by the government in recent years to control inflation. (b) What measures has the government taken to make women economically independent and self -reliant during the last decade? since the year 1991. Devolution suggested by Tenth Finance Commissio 6 . Answer any two of the following: (An swer t o each q u est ion shou ld be in abou t 1 5 0 words) (a) Discuss the origin of Monsoon in India. (b) What measures has the Government of India taken for the development of Tribal areas in India? (c) Why is there a demand for making Uttarakhand a Separate Hill State in India? (d) Why has the Narmada River Valley Project attracted the attention of the common people? 7 . Answer any two of the following : (An swer t o each q u est ion shou ld be in abou t 1 5 0 words) (a) What is cryogenic engine? Explain its importance to our country. (b) What is Madcow disease? (c) What are fullerenes? Why are they important? (d) What is Polio? Name its few features and how it can be prevented.
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General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 1997
SECTION
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III
8 . Answer four from Group A, three from Group B and three from Group C. (An swer t o each q u est ion shou ld be in abou t 2 5 words)
GROUP - A (a) Why was HODVAT Scheme introduced in the year 1986? (c) How has the Census (1991) defined the Urban Areas? (e) What are the objectives of Social Forestry? (f) What are the main objective of Ninth Five Year Plan?
GROUP - B (a) What do Rule 184 and 193 in Parliamentry Procedure signify? principles. (c) Give a brief account of C.M.P. (Common Minimum Programme) of the uni ted Front Government at the Centre. (d) Write any four fundamental duties prescribed in the Constitution of India. (e) What specific provisions exists in the Constitution of India about child labour? (f) What is Article 356 in the Indian Constitution? C omment. GROUP - C (a) What is the safe level of noise for the human ear? Give the noise level of electric bell. (b) What is the difference between a comet and a meteor? (c) What is E-mail? (d) What do the following stand for? (i) TIFR (ii) GRDO (iii) NEERI (e) What is tissue culture? (f) What are Quasars?
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General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 1998
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1998 Gen eral St u dies P ap er - II Time Allowed: Three Hou rs Maximu m Marks : 3 0 0 Each Question is printed both in Hindi and in English. Answer must be written in the Medium specified in the Admission Certificate issued to you, Which must be stated clearly on the cover of the answer -book in the space provided for the purpose. No marks will be given for the answers written in a medium other than that specified in the Admission Certificate. Candidates Should attempt all Question strictly in accordance with the instructions given under each question. The number of Marks carried by each question is indicated at the end of the question. SECTION- I 1 . (a) Briefly state the stages through which the present position of the Directive Principles vis-à-vis the Fundamental Rights has emerged. 40 (Abou t 2 5 0 words) OR account for its decline in recent times in India. 40 (Abou t 2 5 0 words) 2. characterised by planning but the next 50 years of 40 (Abou t 2 5 0 words) OR (b) How is absolute poverty line measured? What are the important measures taken by the Government to eradicate rural poverty in India? 40 (Abou t 2 5 0 words) 3 . (a) What is remote sensing? What are its uses especially in the Indian context? 40
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General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 1998
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(Abou t 2 5 0 words) OR (b) What is genetic engineering? Why is it getting increasingly important these days? 40 (Abou t 2 5 0 words) 4 . Answer any TWO of the following : (An swer t o each q u est ion shou ld be in abou t 1 5 0 words) 20+20 (a) Highlight the significance of the Seventy -third Amendment to the Constitution of India. (b) How are the States formed in India? Why have the demands of separate States like those of Vidarbha, Telangana etc. not been considered by the Government recently? (c) On what grounds the Legislative Councils are justified? How is it created or abolished in a State? (d) Differentiate and state the significance of general election, mid-term election and by-election. 5 . Answer any TWO of the following : (An swer t o each q u est ion shou ld be in abou t 1 5 0 words) 20+20 (a) What are the main reasons for industr ial sickness in India? How can it be overcome?
(c) Comment on the view that Monetary Policy in India is used more as a stabilisation device rather than as a develo pment tool. (d) What has been the role of NRIs in the economic development of India in the recent past? 6 . Answer any TWO of the following : (An swer t o each q u est ion shou ld be in abou t 1 5 0 words) 15+15 (a) What are the geo -economic causes of underdeve lopment of various regions in India? (b) Which parts of India have been identified as draughtprone? Mention the norms for such identification. (c) Describe the changes that have taken place in the direction of international trade of India since independe nce. (d) How do the Andaman and Nicobar Islands and the Lakshadweep differ in the geological ecvolution and Page 34 of 92
General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 1998
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topographical conditions? 7 . Answer any TWO of the following : (An swer t o each q u est ion shou ld be in abou t 1 5 0 words) 20+20 (a) Describe the development of Super-computers in India. (b) How does the development of Pinaka benefit India? (c) What are optical fibres? What are their advantages? (d) What are enzymes? What is their importance? 8 . Answer FOUR questions from Group A, THREE from Group B and THREE from Group C : (An swer t o each q u est ion shou ld be in abou t 2 5 words) 10x3=30 GROUP - A (a) What is meant by Mutual Fund? (b) Explain per capita income as a measure of economic growth. (d) What constitutes a Minor Irrigation Project? (e) What is meant by Environmental Impact Assessment? (f) What is the difference between Gross National Product and Net National Product? GROUP - B (b) Point out the constitution and functions of the Central Vigilance Commission. (c) State the amplitude of Art. 21 of the Constitution. (d) Which of the cases regarding disqualifications for Membership of either House of Parliament are decided by the President? (e) Differentiate between Parliamentary Secretary and Lok Sabha Secretary. (f) What is a Privilege Motion? GROUP - C (a) Why are transgenic organisms important? (b) State the importance of Antrix Corporation. (c) Why is Website getting popular? Page 35 of 92
General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 1999
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(d) What do the following stand for? (i) C-CAD (ii) ICMR (iii) TRAI (e) Give the functions of interferons. (f) What is the difference between E-mail and Fax?
1999 Gen eral St u dies P ap er - I Time Allowed : Three Hou rs Maximu m Marks : 3 0 0 Each Question is printed both in Hindi and in English. Answer must be written in the Medium specified in the Admission Certificate issued to you, Which must be stated clearly on the cover of the answer -book in the space provided for the purpose. No marks will be given for the answers written in a medium other than that specified in the Admission Certificate. Candidates Should attempt all Question strictly in accordance with the instructions given under each question. The number of Marks carried by each que stion is indicated at the end of the question. SECTION I 1 . (a) In what ways is the RAJYA SABHA expected to play a special role in today's changing political scenario ? 40 (Abou t 2 5 0 words) OR (b) On what grounds does Article 15 of the Indian Constitution prohibit discrimination ? Indicate the way the concept of 'Special protection' has qualified this prohibition, and contributed to social change. 40 (Abou t 2 5 0 words) 2 . (a) What is 'new' in India's New Industrial Policy of 1991 ? 40 (Abou t 2 5 0 words) OR (b) What is Multilateral Agreement on Investment? How will it affect the economy of a developing country like India ? 40
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General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 1999
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(Abou t 2 5 0 words) 3 . (a) Discuss the role of modern technological inputs on agricultural development in India. How would it be hel pful for food security during 21st century? 40 (Abou t 2 5 0 words) OR (b) What is a fast breeder reactor? Comment on its suitability in the Indian context. 40 (Abou t 2 5 0 words) 4 . Answer any TWO of the following : 20+20 =40 (An swer t o each q u est ion shou ld be in abou t 1 5 0 words) (a) What is the importance of Directive Principles of State Policy ? Mention which Directive Principles of State Policy have got primacy over the Fundamental Rights. (b) Discuss the composition and functions of the Nationa l Security Council. (c) Highlight the significance of the Twenty Forth Amendment to the Constitution of India ? (d) Access the importance of the role played by the Public Accounts Committee.
SECTION II 5 . Answer any TWO of the following : - 20+20 =40 (An swer t o each q u est ion shou ld be in abou t 1 5 0 words): (a) What does buy-back of shares mean ? (b) When and why was SEBI established? (c) What is SIDBI ? What are its main functions? (d) What is Tobin tax ? What ar e its main features? 6 . Answer any TWO of the following : - 15+15 =30 (An swer t o each q u est ion shou ld be in abou t 1 5 0 words) : (a) How is deforestation of Himalayas disturbing the ecological balance of north India? (b) What is dry farming? Discuss its relevance in augmenting the food supply in India. (c) Name the mega cities of India and mention their specific problems. (d) What is the importance of Indian Ocean for India? Page 37 of 92
General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 1999
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7 . Answer any TWO of the following : - 20+20 =40 (Answer to each question should be in about 150 words) : (a) What is the Human Genome Project? Discuss briefly its importance. (b) What is carbon dating? Describe its applications in archaeology. (c) What is ozone hole? How is it caused and what are its implications for life on Ear th ? (d) What are biosensors? Describe their uses. SECTION III 8 . Answer any FOUR of the following : - 3 x 4 =12 (abou t 2 5 words each): (a) What is 'Swatch of no ground' ? (b) From where was the most advanced commercial satellite of India Insat 2E launched? (c) What is Global Positioning System (G.P.S.) ? (d) What is Cash Reserve Ratio? (e) How is revenue deficit different from budgetary deficit? (f) What is Plan Holiday? 9 . Answer any THREE of the following : - 3 x 3 = 9 (An swer t o each q u est ion shou ld be in abou t 2 5 words): (a) Who presides over the Joint Session of the two Houses of the Indian Parliament over a non memory bill? (b) Is there any provision to impeach the Governor of a State? (c) In case of any dispute whether a bill is a money bill or not, whose dicision is final? (d) How is the vice-President of India elected? (e) What is the status of the Right to Property in the Indian Constitution? (f) What is the maximum gap between two sessions of the Indian Parliament? 1 0 . Answer any THREE of the following : - 3 x3 =9 (Abou t 2 5 words each): (a) What is a modem? What is it used for? (b) What is CNG ? How can it reduce air pollution? (c) What is a computer virus? How does it infect systems? (d) What do the following stand for? (i) NISSAT (ii) GMRT Page 38 of 92
General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 2000
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(iii) INMAS (e) Where are the following located? (i) Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (ii) Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research (iii) Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre (f) How do identical twins differ from each other genetically?
2000 Gen eral St u dies P ap er - I Time Allowed : Three Hou rs Maximu m Marks : 3 0 0 Each Question is printed both in Hindi and in English. Answer must be written in the Medium specified in the Admission Certificate issued to you, Which must be stated clearly on the cover of the answer -book in the space provided for the purpose. No marks will be given for the answers written in a medium other than that specified in the Admission Certificate. Candidates Should attempt all Question strictly in accordance with the instructions given under each question. The number of Marks carried by each question is indicated at the end of the question. Q . 1 . Answer any two of the following. (Answer to each question should be in about 150 words) : - 15 x 2 = 30 (a) Discuss Indian-Sri Lankan relations in recent years. (b) India's Kargil victory rested on its successful effort at combining diplomacy with the use of force. Discuss. (c) Differentiate and state the significance of Pokharan I and Pokharan II. Q . 2 . Answer the following (Answer to each question should be in about 20 words) 2 x 5 = 10 (a) What does track two diplomacy stand for ? (b) Non-alignment is a need, not a creed, Elaborate. (c) Differentiate between Peace -making and Peace-keeping. (d) What is deterrence ? (e) Why has the indigenous development of Cryogenic Enging become necessary for India ? Q . 3 . Answer the following. (Answer to each questio n should be in about 20 words) 2 x 5 = 10 (a) What does the Global organisation of people of Indian
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General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 2000
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origin stand for ? (b) What is the impact of economic sanctions against India on NRIs ? (c) Why is Fiji crisis of May 19, 2000 a specific concern for India ? (d) Examine the role of NRIs in the liberalisation process of India. (e) Mention few NRIs who have brought name and fame for India. Q . 4 . Answer anyone of the following. (Answer should be in about 250 words) 30 (a) India is rapidly emerging as an Inf ormation Technology (IT) Superpower. Discuss some aspects of the growth of this Sector in the Indian economy. What role can public policy play in further enhancing growth prospects in this Sector ? (b) Control over growth of population in India is an essential condition for the country's rapid economic development. Discuss. Q . 5 . Answer any two of the following. (Answer to each question should be in about 150 words) : 2 x 15 = 30 (a) Discuss the reasons for the failure of the Seattle Millennium talks on the WTO (World Trade Organisation). Discuss some implications of this failure for the Indian economy. (b) What is (Revised) Targeted Public Distribution System ? What are its main features ? (c) Discuss the economic effects of Black money (Parallel economy) in Indian economy. Q . 6 . Answer the following. (Answer to each question should be in about 20 words) 2 x 15 = 30 (a) What are the main objectives of the 9th Five -Year Plan of the Government of India ? (b) Write a note on MODVAT Scheme of 1986. (c) Explain per capita income as a measurement of economic growth. (d) What are the objectives of Social Security ? (e) What do you mean by 'Parallel Economy' ? (f) Describe the use of 'Command Area Deve lopment' in India. (g) What is ICOR (Incremental Capital Output Ratio) ? (h) What are the main objectives of NABARD ? Page 40 of 92
General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 2000
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(i) What do you know about 11th Finance Commission ? (j) What do you mean by revenue deficit in the Central Government's Budget ? (k) How has the Census (1991) defined the Urban Areas ? (l) What are the objectives of New Economic Policy of the Government of India ? (m) Write a note on Rao -Manmohan model of development. (n) What is the rational for 'Mid-day Meal' Scheme ? (o) What has been the impact of the recent economic reforms programme on the incidence of poverty in India ? Q .7 . Answer any two of the following. (Answer to each questions should be in about 150 words): - 15 x 2 = 30 (a) Define Globalisation and differentiate it with Internationalism. (b) There is a wide-spread concern about the degradation of environment and the problems that go with it. Assess the international response. (c) How can India accommodate her foreign policy principle of 'non-intervention' with the emerging ri ght to 'intervention' Q . 8 . Answer the following. (Answer to each question should be in about 20 words) 2 x 5 = 10 (a) What are the prospects of CTBT ? (b) Differentiate between Collective security and Cooperative security. (c) What do the following stand for ? (i) MARV (ii) MIRV (iii) ICBM (d) Differentiate between Explosion and Implosion. (e) What do you know about Siachin Dispute ? Q . 9 . Answer the following (Answer to each question should be in about 20 words) 2 x 5 = 10 (a) What do the following stand for ? (i) SAARC (ii) ASEAN (iii) OIC (b) What is meant by SDI ? (c) Differentiate between SALT and START. (d) What do you know about G -77 ? (e) What is Global Environmental Facility (GEF) ? Page 41 of 92
General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 2000
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Q . 1 0 . Answer any one of the following. (Answer should b e in about 250 words) 30 (a) What is the significance of the geostationary orbit ?What would happen if it becomes too crowded ? (b) Why is the HIV considered so dangerous ? Why has the spread of the virus proved so difficult to contain, especially in the poorer countries of the world ? Q . 1 1 . Answer any two of the following : (Answer to each question should be in about 150 words) : 15 x 2 = 30 (a) How are transgenic plants different from hybrid plants and what is their relevance in modern agriculture ? Elaborate. (b) What are greenhouse gases ? What impact do they have on the Earth's climate and with what consequences ? Elaborate. (c) What is water harvesting ? Describe its relevance in the Indian context. Q . 1 2 . Answer the following : (Answer to each q uestion should be in about 20 words) 2 x 5 = 10
(a) What does the 'clock speed' of a computer signify ? (b) What do the following stand for ? (i) http (ii) CPU (iii) ROM (vi) BIOS (c) What is a modem and what is it used for ? (d) What is spamming ? (e) How does a computer virus destroy data ? Q . 1 3 . Answer the following : (a) The table below shows the number of student s in different faculties of a University: Nu mber of St u den t s Year Tot al Hu man it ies Scien ce Commerce 1975-76 2810 890 540 4240 1976-77 3542 1363 471 5376 1977-78 4301 1662 652 6615 1978-79 5362 2071 895 8328 1979-80 6593 2752 1173 10518 Page 42 of 92
General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 2000
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Represent the data by a suitable diagram. 8 (b) The pie chart below gives the annual production of certain commodities of a State. If the production of sugar is 3000 tons, find the total production of rice and wheat. 8 Q . 1 4 . Answer the following : (a) The number of overtime hours worked by 1000 employees of a company during the last six months is as follows : 4 x 2 = 8 Overt ime(in hou rs) 0-20 20-40 40-60 60-80 80-100 100-120 120-140 140-160 160-180 180-200
Nu mber of Emp loyees 401 226 182 74 43 38 20 9 5 2
(i) What is the percentage of employees having worked less than 40 overtime hours during these months ? (ii) What is the percentage of employees having worked for at least 40 overtime hours but less than 100 overtime hours ? (b) A certain company offered its shares, of par-value Rs 120, at a premium of Rs 20. In the following year a dividend of 21% was declared by the company. Find the rate of interest at the hands of the investor. 8 Q . 1 5 . Answer the following: 2 x 4 = 8 (a) A farmer has a square plot for cultivation. If the length of each side is increased by 10%, then the yield from the plot will increase by 20%. Is it true ? Give reason. (b) A company increased its production 8 times in a period of 3 years. What is the percentage increase per year ? (c) The price of a commodity fell by 25% and then rose by Page 43 of 92
General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 2001
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33.33%. Can we conclude that the current price is 8.33% more of the original price ? Give reason. (d) A group of 150 workers have Rs 72.60. When both the groups are combined, what be the average da ily wage ?
2001 1 . Answer any Two of the following (Answer to each question should be in about 150 words): 1 5 ×2 =3 0 (a) (b) What were the major recommendat (c) Examine the latest phase of Indo -Iran relation. 2 . Answer the following (Answer to each question should be in about 20 words): 2 ×5 =1 0 (a) (b) (c) Explain the problem of infiltration in eastern parts of India. (d) Why does India object to Kashmir being treated as a (e) What is the significance of Pyrdiwah and Boraibari in IndoBangladesh relation? 3 . Answer the following (Answer to each question should be in about 20 words): 2 ×5 =1 0 (a) countries? (b) In which specialties Indians are most wanted abroad? (c) What efforts are being made by Indian Government to look (d) development? (e) India? 4 . Answer any ONE of the following (Answer should be in about 250 words): (a) What is the incidence of poverty in India? How should poverty alleviation programmes be constructed ? 3 0 (b) Indian economy presents a paradox of high savings rate with low- income and high saving rate with low growth rate. Analyse. 30 5 . Answer any TWO of the following (Answer to each question
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General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 2001
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should be in about 150 words): 1 5 ×2 =3 0 (a) Liberalization of the Indian Economy since 1991 has led to excessive consumerism and overElucidate. (b) What are the hurdles faced by the Finance Ministers of Indian in keeping the fiscal deficit below 3 -4 percent of the GDP? Suggest steps to lower the fiscal deficit. (c) Discuss the nature and causes of the UTI crisis with particular reference to US -64. How does this UTI fiasco affect the investment climate in India? 6 . Answer the following (Answer to each question should be in about 20 words): 2 ×1 5 =3 0 (a) What is What does it do? (b) (c) What do you mean by providing industry status to agriculture in India? (d) (e) (f) Differentiate between -way (g ) (h) (i) What is green GNP? (j) (k) (l) Illustrate Lorenz curve. (m) (n ) (o) 7 . Answer any TWO of the following (Answer t o each question should be in about 150 words): 1 5 ×2 =3 0 (a) Discuss the significance of Kyoto Protocol. Why is U.S.A. not signing it? (b) Evaluate the performance of Summit meeting of the Arab League held in March 2001? (c) Outline the salient features 8 . Answer the following (Answer to reach question should be in Page 45 of 92
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about 20 words): 2 ×5 =1 0 (a) what do the following stand for ? (i) UNCIP (ii) KLA (b) Why has Slobodan Milosevic been in news in the recent past? (c) Who is Gao Zhan ? (d) Who is Meghawati Sukarmoputri ? (e) Which is the latest right confirmed by the 57 the session of the United Nations? 9 . Answer the following (Answer to each question should be inn about 20 words): 2 ×5 =1 0 (a) What is GCC ? (b) Why was Macau in the news recently? (c) What is G8? (d) What is European Union? (e) Explain the position of US visa vis the Leagu e of Nations. 1 0 . Answer any ONE of the following (Answer should be in about 250 words): (a) space program me. 30 (b) What are stem cells? Why have they been in the news recently? Discuss. 30 1 1 . Answer any TWO of the following (Answer to each question should be in about 150 words): 1 5 ×2 =3 0 (a) What is fibre optics? What advantages does it offer in telecommunications? Elaborate. (b) What is vermicomposing? Discuss its importance in the Indian context. (c) What does the Montreal Protocol deal with? Discuss its role 1 2 . Answer the following (Answer to each question should be in about 20 words): 2 ×5 =1 0 (a) What is (b) (c) (d) What do the following stand for? (i) DRAM (ii) JPEG (iii) ASCI (iv) IMAP 1 3 . Answer the following: (a) A sample survey based on 280 postgraduate students was undertaken to study student attitude towards a proposed Page 46 of 92
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change in the dormitory regulations. Each student was to n regard to the issue. The results are tabulated below: P ercen t ag e Resp on se of st u den t s Yes 54% No 28% indifferent 18% Use a pie chart to represent the above information, and obtain change. 6 +2 =8 (f) Represent the following data by percentage subdivided bar diagram: 8 Exp en dit u re(Rs.) It em of Family Exp en dit u re X Family Y A. B. C. D. E.
Food Clothing Education House Rent Miscellaneous
200 48 32 40 80
300 75 40 75 110
Tot al 400 600 1 4 . Answer the following: 4 +2 +2 =8 (a) Representing the following data by suitable graphs,determine there from the number of children having I.Q. (i) Below 105 (ii) above124:I.Q . Nu mber of children 75-84 8 85-94 20 95-104 45 105-114 54 115-124 28 125-134 16 135-144 7 145-154 3
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(b) The following table shows certain data collected for the three region of a country: Avera g e an n u al No. of % of Reg ion in come in habit an t s(million ) lit erat es p er p erson (Rs.) A 10 52 800 B 5 68 5800 C 20 41 7500 Obtain the overall figures for the three regions taken together. 4 ×2 =8 1 5 . Answer the following: 2 ×4 =8 (a) the distance is uphill and he gets a mileage of 10 kms per litre of fuel. On his way back, he makes 15 kms, per litre of fuel. The distance between the two town is 60 kms. What is the average mileage per litre of fuel? (b) In a school, there are 15 teachers. one of them drawing a monthly salary of Rs.7,800 retires and a fresh appointment is made for a monthly salary of Rs. 6,300 By what amount is the average monthly salary of teacher changed ? (c) The geometric rate of growth of sales for a company for the first three years was 25% and for the next three years was 40%. Is the claim of average growth being 65% valid ? Give analytic reason in support of your answer. (d) A train runs non-stop from New Delhi to Kanpur at a speed of 75 kmph and return the same way at a speed of 60 kmph. Can you conclude that the average speed for the up and down journey is 67.5 kmph? Justify your answer analytically.
2002 Gen eral St u dies P ap er - II Time Allowed : Three Hou rs Maximu m Marks : 3 0 0 Each Question is printed both in Hindi and in English. Answer must be written in the Medium specified in the Admission Certificate issued to you, Which must be stated clearly on the cover of the answer -book in the space provide d for the purpose. No marks will be given for the answers written Page 48 of 92
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in a medium other than that specified in the Admission Certificate. Candidates Should attempt all Question strictly in accordance with the instructions given under each question. The number of Marks carried by each question is indicated at the end of the question. 1 . Answer any two of the following (150 words) : 15x2=30 (a) Discuss the major irritants in Indo -China relations and highlight the latest moves to overcome these (b) How did U.S. respond to the problem of Cross-border terrorism in the State of Jammu and Kashmir after the Kaluchak events?
2 . Answer the following (about 20 words) :
2x5=10
. (c) How does India benefit from good neighbourly relations with Bangladesh?
weapons.
3 . Answer the following (about 20 words each) :
2x5=10
(a) What are the problems NRIs have to face if they decide to settle in India? (b) What was India Millenium Deposit Scheme? economy? (d) Name the nodal agency to deal with issues relating to Indians abroad and explain its main task.
4 . Answer any one of the following (about 250 words) : Page 49 of 92
30
General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 2002
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(a) Outline the main targets f ixed in the National Population policy 2000. What have been the follow up measures to this policy? (b) The main thrust of the EXIM Policy 2002 -07 is on creating a of this statement outline the salient features of EXIM Policy 2002-07.
5 . Answer any two of the following (about 150 words) : 15x2=30
What are their objectives? (b) Outline the main objectives and achievem ents of the ploicy of disinvestment in India? amended last year? 6 . Answer the following ( about 20 words)
2x15=30
(a) What is the peak rate of Custom duty? What are its objectives in India? (b) Define fiscal deficit. (c) Explain the provision of OGL.
(f) What is the role of SEBI DIs. launched? (j) The union budget 2002-03 recommended some servi ces to be taxed. Name any 4 of these services. (k) What is dumping? What is its object ive? of Rupee? (m) Define Sex ration in the population of India. What is its Page 50 of 92
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present status? (n) Distinguish between ad-valorem and specific duties. (o) Define zero-based budget. 7 . Answer any two of the following (about 150 words) : 15x2=30 (a) Highlight the main points of Nuclear Disarmament treaty signed by US President George Bush and Russian Prez Vladimir Putin in May 2002. (b) Outline the features of latest Saudi Peace Plan f or West Asia Crisis and assess its importance.
8 . Answer the following (about 20 words) :
2x5=10
(a) What do the following stand for ? (i) WCAR (ii) SPDC (iii) INTERPOL (iv) WIPO (b) Why was Bander Seri Begawan in news recently? (c) Who is Xanana Gusmao? (d) What do you mean by Uni -polar world? (e) What do you know about the North -South dialogue? 9 . Answer the following (about 20 words) :
2x5=10
(a) What do the following stand for? (i) UNCHR (ii) UNIDO (iii) WTO (iv) MIGA (b) What is meant by AU? (c) Explain U.S. stand on the proposal for establishing an International Crime Court (d) What is the main purpose of G -15? (e) Why is SAFTA being mooted? 1 0 . Answer any one of the following (about 250 words) : 30 Page 51 of 92
General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 2002
(a) Plastic hazards
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Discuss.
1 1 . Answer any two of the following (150 words) 15x2=30 (a) What are the fundamental constants an d their use in measurement system? awareness. (c) What is Human Cloning? Is it dangerous or beneficial? Discuss. 1 2 . Answer the following (about 20 words) :
2x5=10
(a) What is digital camera? (b) What is firewall in computer language? (c) What is multimedia? (d) What do the following stand for? (i) HTML (ii) FTP (iii) MFLOPS (iv) PLANIT (e) What is Piracy? 1 3 . Answer the following: 2x8=16 (a) The figures below give the reven ue expenditure in U.P. on education in crore of rupees for the last 3 years: Exp en dit u re (crore Rs.) 1998-99 99-00 00-01 Primary Education 68.00 78.00 118.00 Secondary Education 40 45 74 Special Education 30 35 45 University and Higher Education 50 52 56 Technical Education 35 38 42 Sports and Youth Welfare 20 22 30 P art icu lars
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Represent the above information by suitable diagram. (b) Represent the following data by frequency polygon: Weekly Wag es (Rs.) No. of workers 0 - 10 10 10 - 20 15 20 - 40 18 40 - 70 60 70 - 100 45 100 - 120 40 120 - 150 30 1 4 . Answer the following: (a) The life of 2 models A & B of refrigrators in a recent survey is tabulated as follows : Life (n o. of years) Model A Model B 0-2 5 2 2-4 16 7 4-6 13 12 6-8 7 19 8 - 10 5 9 10 - 12 4 1 (i) What is the average life of each model of these refrigrators? (ii) Which model shows more uniformity? 2+6=8 (b) The following table shows the distribution of 100 families according to their expenditure per week. Number of families corresponding to the expenditure groups Rs. (10-20) and Rs. (30-40) are missing from the table. The median and mode for the distribution are Rs. 25 and Rs. 24 respectively. Calculate the missing frequencies : Exp en dit u re (Rs.) No. of families 0 - 10 14 10 - 20 Page 53 of 92
General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 2003
20 - 30 30 - 40 40 - 50
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27 15
1 5 . Answer the following : (a) The average rainfall of a certain place for Monday to Saturday is 15 inches. Due to heavy rainfall on Sunday, the average rainfall of the week rose to 25 inches. How much rainfall was there on Sunday? (b) The following are the info pertaining to emplo yees of a factory : Tot al n o. of emp loyees Avg. salary of all employees Avg. salary of male employees Avg. salary of female employees
100 Rs. 5000 Rs. 5200 Rs. 4200
What is the no. of male and female employees? (c) If each calue in a sample size of 15 is multiplied by 10, then whether the mean will be changed, justify your answer. What will happen to the mean if 12 is subtracted from each value? (d) A person owns 2 companies A & B. He invested Rs. 10 Lakh to establish Co. A and Rs. 10 crore to establish Co. B. The average profits earned from both the companies are the same. Which of the 2 companies is better from profit earning point view? Justify your answer.
2003 Gen eral St u dies P ap er - I Time Allowed : Three Hou rs Maximu m Marks : 3 0 0 Each Question is printed both in Hindi and in English. Answer must be written in the Medium specified in the Admission Certificate issued to you, Which must be stated clearly on the cover of the answer-book in the space provided for the purpose. No marks will be given for the answers written in a medium other than that specified in the Admission Page 54 of 92
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Certificate. Candidates Should attempt all Question strictly in accordance with the instructions given under each question. The number of Marks carried by each question is indicated at the end of the question. Q 1 . Answer any two of the following (about 150 words) 15X2=30 a) Discuss the major issues in Indo -US relations in recent times. b) Discuss the impact of the collapse of the Soviet Union on Indo-Russian relations.
Q 2 . Answer the following (about 20 words) 2X5=10 a) Discuss the importance of the Agra Summit on Indo -Pakistan relations. India and Pakistan. c) Discuss the major irritants to Indo -Bangladesh relations. e) In what sense in Indo -Nepal cooperation important for both
Q 3 . Answer the following (about 20 words) 2X5=10 a) Under what conditions are NRIs permitted to remit deposits in India in any currency of their choice. b) How can NRIs be attracted to invest in India? c) What is the significance of the Pravasi Bhartiya Divas in modern India. d) In what ways did Idi Amin make life difficult for the people of Indian origin in his country?
Q 4 . Answer any one of the following (about 250 words) 30 a) Write a note on the strategy of planning in India since 1951. b) What were the major recommendations of the Task Force on direct taxes appointed under the Chairmanship of Shri Vijay L. Kelkar? Q 5 . Answer any two of the followi ng (about 150 words) 15X2=30 Page 55 of 92
General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 2003
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a) Outline the important objectives of the Tenth Five Year Plan. b) What is a Finance Commission? c) Point out the measures undertaken towards flexibility in capital account transactions during the recent past. Q 6 . Answer the following (about 20 words) 2X15=30 a) What is Plan Holiday? b) Why did India have a surplus in current account balance in 2001-02 after a gap of 24 years? c) What is Value Added Tax? d) What is the main objective of the Competition Act, 2002? e) Name the two agencies that have helped to promote Foreign Direct Investment in India. f) What is the main thrust of the Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management Bill? g) Highlight the main features of the policy relating to buy -back of shares. h) Why was Janashree Bima Yojana introduced. i) When was the idea of Agriculture Insurance Corporation mooted? j) What is the policy of the Government with respect to child labour? k) Explain the objectives of the National Health Policy, 2002. l) What scheme? m) Explain the essential feature of differential rate of interest scheme. n) Which are the three major items of expenditure of the Government of India on revenue account? o) What was the essential feature of the Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana? Q 7 . Answer any two of the following (about 150 words) 15X2=30 -system? b) Discuss the role of the NATO after the end of the Cold War . c) Discuss the role of the United Nations in the protection and promotion of Human Rights. Q 8 . Answer the following (about 20 words) 2X5=10 Page 56 of 92
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a) What do the following Stand for : i) IBRD ii) UNHCR b) Who is Hans Blix? c) Why was Davis Kelly in the news recently? d) What is the problem in Chechnya? e) What is the significance of the Robin Island? Q 9 . Answer the following (about 20 words) 2X5=10 a) What is the significance of Enola Gay in world history? b) Why is Guantanamo Bay in the news now? c) What is the theor e) Why was Robert Mugabe in the news recently? Q 1 0 . Answer any one of the following (about 250 words) 30 a) What do you understand by depletion of ozone layer and why is it considered harmful? Name ozone depleting substances and process. What international ramifications took place to protect the ozone layer and what was the target agreed upon? b) What is interactive television? What special advantages and derived by using VOD services? What are the components of a typical VOD system? Which feature film was generated first entirely on computers and in which year? Q 1 1 . Answer any two of the following (about 150 words) 15X2=30 a) What does the Solar system con sist of ? discuss the motion of most of the bodies forming the solar system. b) In which year and by which countries was International Space Station (IIS) launched? How many countries are participating in this program? What are the unique studies being m ade in the station which could not ve made so accurateky on the earth?
Q 1 2 . Answer the following (about 20 words) 2X5=10
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c) What is an operating system? List the basic services provided by an operating system. e) What do the following stand for : i) POSIX ii) EPROM iii) MODEM iv) COBOL Q 1 3 . a) In the year 2001 there were 18000 workers in a certain factory, of which 13000 were members of a trade union. 12% of workers were women and 60% of them were members of the trade union. In the year 2002 the number of workers increased by 6% of which 480 were women. At the same time the trade union membership of women fell by 304 while the total membership increased by 10 %. In the non -members category, the ratio of men and women was 4:1 in this year. Tabu late this information and supply the missing figures. 8 b) The following table gives the frequency distribution of height for 180 adult males: Heig ht (in cm) 144.5-149.5 149.5-154.5 154.5-159.5 159.5-164.5 164.5-169.5 169.5-174.5 174.5-179.5 179.5-184.5
Freq u en cy 3 5 24 54 60 27 4 3
Draw the two ogives (less than and greater than type cumulative frequency curves). Find the point of their intersection and comment on its significance. 8 Q 1 4 . a) The mean and variance of a set of 60 observations are 10 and 4 respectively while for a subset of 40 observations these measures are 11 and 2.25 respectively. Find the mean and variance of the other subset. 8 Page 58 of 92
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b) The three outcomes of an experiment; w 1, w2 and w3 are such that w1 is twice as likely to occur as w3. Find the probability of occurrence of each of the three outcomes. 8 Q 1 5 . a) What are the problems that a statistician encounters in the process of construction of index number? 2 b) Suppose that the regression line of two random variables y and x given by y=26.38-1.35x and that of x and y is given by x=16.38-0.45y. find the square of the coefficient of correlation between x and y. 2 c) If the correlation coefficient between two random variables is zero, are the random variables independent? 2 d) In a certain factory, a unit of work is completed by A in 10 minutes, by B in 20 minutes. What is the average number of units of work completed per minute? 2
2004 1 . Answer any TWO of the following (Answer to each question should be in about 150 words): 1 5 x2 =3 0 (a) Discuss the role played by the United States in promoting/hindering improved relations between India and Pakistan. (b) Explain India's strategic relationship with Russia. (c) Account for India's increasing involvement in the South -East Asian region. 2 . Answer the following (Answer to each question should be in about 20 words): 2 x5 =1 0 (a) The Panchsheet Pact. (b) India-Israel Cooperation. (c) European Union's trade restrictions against India. (d) Weak-spots in India-Nepal relations. (e) Hot Line between Islamabad and New Delhi. 3 . Answer the following (Answer to each question should be in about words): 2 x5 =1 0 (a) Categorize the People of Indian Origin (P IO). (b) Point out the difference beteween the Jewish Diaspora and the Indian Diaspora. (c) What are the references made to the NRI in the Union Budget July 2004? (d) What is known as reverse migration?
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General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 2004
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(e) Why was January 9 chosen to observe the NRI (Prav asi Bhartiya Diwas) Day? 4 . Answer any ONE of the following (in about 250 words): 30 (a) State the comprehensive structural reforms undertaken to improve the Indian economy since 1991. (b) How is poverty level measured? Evalute poverty eradication programmes in India. 5 . Answer any TWO of the following (in about 150 words each): 1 5 x2 =3 0 (a) Describe the recommendations of Narasimham Committee regarding the banking sector in India. (b) Examine the effect of economic development on environmental degradation in India. (c) What ails India's road transport economy? Suggest measures of remedy. 6 . Answer the following (in about 20 words each): 2 x1 5 =3 0 (a) What are the major provisions of Agreements on Agriculture in the context of World Trade Organisation? (b) Elucidate Special Drawing Rights. (c) What is cash Reserve Ratio? (d) What does ''priority sector lending'' mean? (e) What is Minimum Alternatives Tax (MAT)? (f) What is Business Process Outsourcing (BPO)? (g ) What is 'social justice' in the context of Indian economy? (h) Explain the objectives of plant Varieties Right Act, 2002. (i) How is human development index for life expectancy measured? (j) What are the objectives of the Twelfth Finance Commission? (k) Explain the necessity and role of controls in a mixed economy like India/ (l) Distiguish between primary sector, secondary sector and teritary sector. What is the change in the share of each sector in Gross Domestic Product (GDP) during period of 1950 -2000? (m) What is the main objective of Security and Exchange Board of India (SEBI)? (n ) What has been the policy of agricultural development during last two decades in India? (o) What is deficit financing? 7 . Answer any TWO of the following (Answer to each ques tion Page 60 of 92
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should be in about 150 words): 1 5 x2 =3 0 (a) Discuss the role of 'inteligence' in the making of foreign policy. (b) Describe the role of the Amnesty International in securing human rights. (c) Examine the relevance of Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru's ideas in the international relations of today. 8 . Answer the following (Answer to each question should be in about 20 words): 2 x5 =1 0 (a) ICJ verdict on Israel's erection of barrier on the West Bank. (b) Beijing-Taiwan Spat. (c) Prospects of international water-wars. (d) Al Gharib Prisoners. (e) Recent Developments in India-Myanmar relations. 9 . Answer the following, by expanding and explaining the objectives (Answer to each question should be in about 20 words): 2 x5 =1 0 (a) BIMSTEC (b) ARF (c) Red cross (d) OPEC (e) IAEA 1 0 . Answer any ONE of the following (Answer should be in about 250 words): (a) Discuss in detail ''Alternative Energy Sources''. 3 0 (b) ''Global Warming''-Discuss. 30 1 1 . Answer any TWO of the following (Answer to each question should be in about 150 words): 1 5 x2 =3 0 (a) What is 'Superconductivity'? Give its uses and applications. (b) What is Biotechnology? Discuss the important apllications of Biotechnology. (c) Describe the importance of ''Laser'' in war and pea ce. 1 2 . Answer the following (in about 20 words each): 2 x5 =1 0 (a) What do you understand by E-governance? (b) What is a URL? (c) What do the following stand for? (i) CD-ROM (ii) USB (iii) ITES (iv) FORTRAN (d) What do you understand by MP3? (e) What are cyber crimes? How are these protected?
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1 3 . (a) The table below shows the average monthly houses hold expenditure on different items for the years 2001 to 2004: ITEM
Averag e mon t hly exp en dit u re in Rs. 2001
2002
2003
2004
Food
4,500
4,800
5,400
5,700
Rent Children's
1,800
1,800
2,200
2,300
education
650
800
1,000
1,200
Others
2,400
2,600
3,000
3,400
Represent the above information by suitable diagram. 8 (b) According to the Union Budget 2001 -05, the total receipts of Rs. 4,77,829 crore can be approxomately broken up as follows: A. Direct Taxes 25% B. Indirect and other Taxes 32% C. Non-tax Revenue Receipts 13% D. Non-debt Capital Receipts 6% E. Borrowings and other liabilities 24% Represent the above by a Pie -diagram. 8 1 4 . (a) Read the given data and answer the questions that follow:
(i) At what speed (kmph) is the engine considered to have its normal length of life? (ii) The life of an engine driven at 20 kmph is how many times more than the life of an engine driven at 40km per hour? Page 62 of 92
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(iii) If an engine, usually driven at speed of 60km per hour, had a lifespan of 30,000 kilometers, what will be the lifespan of an engine which is usually driven at a speed of 40km per hour? (iv) Given that the normal lifespan of an engine is 60,000 km, what was the lifespan of an engine, which was driven for 20,000 kilometers at a speed of 60km per hour? and later at a speed of 40km per hour? (v) Running an engine between 60 kilometers per hour and 40km per hour, the lifespan increases by what percent? (vi) At what speed (kmph) would the engine have the maximum life? (b) The Human Devlopment Index (HDI) is a simple average of three indexes: (A) Life Expectancy Index (to reflect health) (B) Education Index (to reflect knowledge) (C) GDP/SDP Index (to reflect standard of living) The Education Index (B) is a combined index of two indexes: (i) adult literacy rate with 2/3 weight and (ii) combined gross enrolment rate with 1/3 weight. Compute the HDI for INDIA and KERALA fr om the following data: INDIA KERALA (A) Life Expectancy Index
57.2
78.0
48.7
86.0
59.1
100.6
(B) Education Index (i) Adult Literacy Rate (ii) Combined Gross enrolment rate
(C) GDP/SDP Index 19.0 19.5 [Note: SDP is State Domestic Product] 8 1 5 . Attempt all the questions. All questions carry equal marks: 4 x2 =8 (a) Consider the following data: Weekly Wag es in an office (Rs.) P osit ion in t he office Weelkly Wag es Senoir Consultant 700 600 550 Junior Consultant 180
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180 160 160 Clerical Helpers
100
100 100 100 100 100 Which of the three averages-- arithmetic mean, median and mode, adequately represents the data? (b) In a moderately skewed distribution the following values were obtained: Arithmetic mean = 24.6 Mode = 26.1 Find the value of the median and explain the reason for the method employed. (c) Suppose an item is sold at the rates of 18, 20, 22 and 25 rupees per litre in four different months. Assuming that equal amounts of money are spent on the particular item by a customer in the four months, find the average price in rupees per litre of the item. (d) The average of 11 observations is 50. The mean of the first six observations is 49 and that of the last six observations is 52. Find the value of the sixth observation.
2005 1 . Answer any two of the following (answer to each question should be in about 150 words) : 2 x1 5 = 3 0 (a) seat in the UN security Council. (b) Explain the political and economic implications of the Indo Iran gas pipeline. (c) Examine the developments in Afgha nistan in the postTaliban period. 2 . Write about the following (answer to each question should be in about 20 words) : 5 x2 = 10 (a) Indians in China (b) Cyber-terrorism
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(c) Military rule in Myanmar (d) Camp David Accord of 1978 (e) Future of Indian expatriates in the gulf 3 . Write about the following (answer to each question should be in about 20 words) : 5 x2 = 10 (a) Full convertibility (b) Physical Quality life Index (c) Differences between absolute poverty and relative poverty (d) India-US nuclear pact (e) Medical tourism 4 . Answer any one of the following (in about 250 words) : 3 0 (a) Discuss the causes and ramifications of hunger in Africa. (b) What are the reasons for industrial sickness in India? Suggest suitable remedies. 5 . Answer any two of the following (answer to each question should be in about 150 words) : 2 x1 5 = 30 (a) What is the role of external financial assistance in Indian economy? (b) Enumerate the objectives of Latin American Reserve Fund Do you favour such a fund for Asian countries? (c) Examine the functions of the European Free Trade Association. 6 . Answer or write about the following (in about 20 words each) : 2 x1 5 = 3 0 (a) What is Mekong-Ganga Co-operation? (b) What is IFC? (c) Crude oil price and Indian economy (d) What is Gandhian economy? (e) Second Green Revolution (f) Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalaya Yojana (g ) What is Euro-control? (h) Dow Jones (i) (j) MFN status to India by Pakistan (k) The notion of development of under -development (l) Cost-push inflation (m) What is Green GDP?
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(n ) What were the terms of reference of the Abid Hussain Committee? (o) What is structural unemployment? 7 . Answer any two of the following (answer to each question should be in about 150 words) : 2 x1 5 = 3 0 (a) (b) Will a grand axis of India, China and Russia challenge the unipolar supremacy of the US? Elaborate your views. (c) Explain the China-US textile war 8 . Answer or write about the following (a nswer to each question should be in about 20 words) : 5 x2 = 1 0 (a) What is Gender Empowerment Measure (GEM)? (b) What is the concept of copyleft ? (c) What is a rogue state? (d) Repo market (e) What is banana war? 9 . Answer the following, by expanding or explaining (answer to each question should be in about 20 words): 1 0 (a) OAPEC (b) IFAD (c) UPU (d) SAVE (e) ODA 1 0 . Answer any one of the following in about 250 words: 3 0 (a) Describe the sources of ionizing and non -ionizing radiations and their effects on the biotic components of the atmosphere. (b) What is digital convergence? Examine its implications for modern society. 1 1 . Answer any two of the following (answer to each question should be in about 150 words each): 2 x1 5 =3 0 (a) Why do environmentalists regard asbestos and polythene as pollutants? (b) What is the therapeutic cloning? Describe briefly the method and its potential applications. (c) Why is hydrogen being acclaimed as the fuel of the future? 1 2 . Answer the following (in about 20 words each): 5 x2 = 10 (a) What is an exabyte? (b) What is VIRUS? (c) What do the following stand for? Page 66 of 92
General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 2005
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(i) XML (ii) MASER (iii) SECAM (iv) TIPS (d) What is avatar? (e) What is Wikipedia? 1 3 . (a) Put the following information into a frequency distribution table, assuming the range of monthly wage is from
earners receive less than Rs. 600, Rs. 1000, Rs. 1800, Rs. 2800 (b) The marks obtained by 32 students of 12th class of a Government school are: 628, 665, 560, 328, 421, 525, 480, 470, 405, 424, 664, 668, 620, 300, 305, 520, 420, 370, 326, 440, 328, 480, 565, 650, 480, 360, 325, 450, 360, 426, 440, 306 Form a Cumulative Frequency Table with class interval of 50. 8 1 4 . (a) Represent the following data by a histogram: 8 Daily No. of Earn in g s St ores (Rs.) 0-50 50-100 100-150 150-200 200-250 250-300 300-350 350-400
3 7 4 5 4 3 2 2
(b.) Construct a cumulative distribution table from the following frequency distribution and find the number of students obtaining below 15 marks: 8 Marks Freq u en cy Page 67 of 92
General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 2006
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0-5 4 5-10 12 10-15 10 15-20 8 20-25 3 25-30 2 1 5 . (a) A train travels first 300 kilometers at an average speed of 30 kmph and further travels the same distance at an average speed of 40 kmph. What is the average speed over the whole distance? 2 (b) The arithmetic mean of 12 observations was computed to be 6. Afterwards, it was found that one of the figures was wrong. Instead of 7 (seven, which is the correct figure) it was read as 1 (one, the wrong figure). Find the correct value of the arithmetic mean after incorporating this information. 2 (c) A fi
60% of output. What is the average profit per sales rupee in 2 (d) The mean and variance of two seta of data are given below with the data size: 2 Dat a I 12 II 9
Mean Size 64 72
Varian ce 23 18
What can you say about the mean and variance of the combined set of observations as compared to the individual means and variances without performing any calculation?
2006 1 . Write about any two of the following (in about 150 words each): 1 5 ×2 =3 0 (a) (b) Terrorism: Source in Pakistan and Afghanistan
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2
General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 2006
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(c) Crippling the King in Nepal 2 . Write about the following (in about 20 words each): 2 ×5 =1 0 (a) Simla Agreement (b) India-Isarel cooperation in the field of a griculture (c) (d) Indo-US military cooperation (e) Nuclear Non- Proliferation Treaty 3 . Write about the following (in about 20 words each): 2 ×5 =1 0 (a) Contribution of the NRIs to GCC countries (b) Future of Indians in Fiji (c) Indians in the House of Lords, UK (d) Contribution of Indians in Silicon Valley (e) Exodus of persons of Indian origin from Uganda 4 . Answer any one of the following (in about 250 words): 3 0 (a) Discuss the importance of world Trade Organiz ation (WTO) to Indian economy in the light of various opportunities and challenges at the global level. (b) Describe the main sources of Industrial finance in India. How could India be benefitted from recent developments in International finance? 5 . Answer any two of the following (in about 150 words each): 1 5 ×2 =3 0 (a) Discusse the role of public sector during the post -reform period of Indian economy. (b) Examine the effects of globalization on poverty removal in India. (c) What are the implications o f gender disparities in India? 6 . Answer the following (in about 20 words each): 2 ×1 5 =3 0 (a) What is Phillips curve ? (b) What is Hundi ? (c) What is twin defict ? (d) What is the main difference between free trade area and common market ? (e) What is forward currency market ? (f) What is offshore currency market ? (g ) What is Laffer curve ?
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General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 2006
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(h) What are Eurobonds ? (i) What is disguised unemployment ? (j) What are nifty and the nifty junior ? (k) What is Agri-Trade ? (l) What is CEMA bloc ? (m) What is rolling settlement ? (n ) What is the difference between Green Box subsidies and Blue Box subsidies ? (o) What are non7 . Write about any two of the following (in about 150 words each): 1 5 ×2 =3 0 (a) G-5 Summit in Russia (b) Expanding role of Amnesty International (c) Role of European Parliament 8 . Write about the following (in about 20 words each): 2 ×5 =1 0 (a) Trade through Nathu La Pass (b) Outer Space Treaty (c) Withdrawal of Japanese Troops f rom Iraq (d) Maastricht Treaty (e) Cuba and Castro 9 . Write about the following, by expanding and explaining the objectives (in about 20 words each ): 2 ×5 =1 0 (a) ICJ (b) INTELSAT (c) IBRD (d) WMO (e) WHO 1 0 . Answer any one of the following (in about 2 50 words): 3 0 (a) -up methods can be cheaper than the conventional physical and chemical (b) Explain how Nanoscience and Nanotechnology have revolutionized modern technology. 1 1 . Answer any two of the following (in about 150 words each): 1 5 ×2 =3 0 (a) What do you understand by optical Computing? Why is Page 70 of 92
General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 2006
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optical Computing envisaged to have much better performance than that of electronic Computing? (b) Writ -refinery versus(c) What are normal osmosis and reverse osmosis? Why has reverse osmosis become popular in India today? 1 2 . Answer all the five (in about 20 words each): 2 ×5 =1 0 (a) in computing? (b) Expand the following: (i) CAD (ii) CAM (iii) CIM (c) Explain what is Thin Film Memory in computers. (d) (e) 1 3 . (a) In an opinion survey regarding a proposed civil measure to be introduced, altogether 2878 persons took part of which 1652 were males. 1226 persons voted against the proposal of which 796 were males.1425 persons voted for the proposed measure. 156 females were undecided in their opinion. (i) Put the above information in a neat statistical table. From the table, calculate(ii) the percentage of males among those voting for the proposal; (iii) The percentage of those voting for the proposal among the males. 8 (b) Present the following information using a suitable diagram: 8
P ercen t ag e of Lit erat es Male Female Kerla 94.20 87.86 Maharshtra 86.27 67.51 Tamil Nadu 82.33 64.55 West Bengal 77.58 60.22 St at e
(2 0 0 1 Cen su s) Overall 90.72 77.27 73.47 69.22
1 4 . (a) From the following frequency distribution of 260 housewives of a locality according to their TV - watching habit(i) draw the grap of cumulative frequencies of less than type:
Page 71 of 92
General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 2006
Hou rs p er week wat chin g TV 5-9 10 - 14 15 - 19 20 - 24 25 - 29 30- 34 35- 39 Tot al
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Nu mber of hou sewives 13 39 60 75 42 27 4 260
Estimate using the above graph(ii) the median of the distribution; (iii) Number of housewives spending at most 18 hours per week watching TV. 8 (b) The following table shows the average percentage of family expenditure, as also percentage increase in price in 2005 compared to 2000, f or the major heads of expenditure for the urban middle class families in a State in India. Calculate the percentage increase in cost of living for this segment of population in 2005 compared to 2000: 8
Head of exp en dit u re Food Clothing Fuel & Electricity House Rent Miscellaneous Tot al
% in crease in p rice in % of family 2005 exp en dit u re comp ared to 2 25 18 16 15 26
32 25 30 20 45 100
-
1 5 . An swer all t he q u est ion : 2 ×4 =8 (a) A union leader complained: that the owners of this factory Page 72 of 92
General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 2008
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have adopted a policy of gradually decreasing the wages of its workers is amply evident from the fact that the average monthly wage of the workers has dropped down to Rs. 2,530 in January, 2006 from Rs 2,570 in January, 2005. Comment on the Validity of the argument. (b) As high as 45% of the under -5 children, brought to the outdoor clinics of 4 major State -run hospitals in Kolkata last year, were found to be victims of malnutrition. Incidence of malnutrition among the under -5 children in the city must, therefore, be alarmingly high. Explain why you support the argument, or disagree with it. (c) In a community support project, the average grants (in Rs) received by the male and the female bene ficiaries were 5,200 and 5,800 respectively, while the average grant received by all the beneficiaries was 5,560. What percentage of beneficiaries were females? (d) The amounts of rainfall (in mm) in a town on 10 consecutive days are as follows: 8.5, 0, 6.8, 3.2, 4.8, 10.5, 76.2, 9.4, 0, 1.2 Use a suitable measure to throw light on the central tendency of the data.
2008 Gen eral St u dies P ap er - II Time Allowed: Three Hou rs Maximu m Marks: 3 0 0 1 . Write notes on any two of the following (answer to each question should be in about 150 words): 2 ×3 0 =6 0 (a) India and the New World Order (b) Indo- Bhutan Relations (c) Indian and China: Strategy to Boost Ties 2 . Write about the following(answer to each question should be in about 20 words) : 5 x2 =1 0 (a) (b) Major hurdles in Indo - Pak ties
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General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 2008
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(c) India- Nigeria: Abuja Declaration (d) India- Bangladesh Border Road cum fencing (e) India's L.C.A. (Tejas) 3 . Write about the following (answer to each question should be in about 20 words): 5 x2 =1 0 (a) Pravasi Bharatiya Diwas (b) Council for Promotion of Overseas Employment (CPOE) (c) Overseas Citizenship of India (OCI) Scheme (d) Indian Diaspora in Singapore (e) Indian Diaspora and Bollywood 4 . Answer any one of the following (in about 250 words): 3 0 (a) Ministerial Conferences since Doha Round. (b) Assess the performance of India in attracting Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). 5 . Discuss any two of the following topics (answer each question in about 150 words): 2 ×1 5 =3 0 (a) Assistance to the States for Development of Exp ort Infrastructure and other Activities (ASIDE). (b) Convertibility of Indian Rupee. (c) India on Global Competitiveness Index -2007 6 . Write about the following (answer to each question in about 20 words): 5 ×2 =1 0 (a) Special Drawing Rights (SDRs) (b) NAMA (c) Non-tariff trade barriers (d) Current Account Balance (e) Free Trade Area 7 . Write on of the following (answer in about 150 words): 15 (a) South-South Cooperation (b) Universal Declaration of Human Rights 8 . Briefly write about the following (answer to each question should be in about 20 words): 5 ×2 =1 0 (a) Look East Policy and North-East India (b) India at the Beijing Olympics (c) Ind (d) IPCC Report on Global Warming (e) Indo- EU Economic Ties Page 74 of 92
General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 2008
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9 . Briefly write about the following (answer to each question should be in about 20 words): 5 ×2 =1 0 (a) G.C.C (b) G-77 (c) I.C.R.C (d) MERCOSUR 1 0 . Answer any one of the following (in about 250 words): 30 (a) are useful for technological development of India? (b) What do you know about Indian National Satellite Systems? Describe its important features. 1 1 . Expalin any three of the following (in about 150 words each): 3 ×1 5 =4 5 (a) Internet Protocol Television (IPTV) (b) Spintronics (c) Wifi (d) Components of Robots 1 2 .Write brief notes on all the five (in about 20 words each ) below: 5 ×2 =1 0 (a) Copyright and Trade-mark (b) TIFAC (c) Aspartame (d) Gene doping (e) Sappan 1 3 . (a) The principal exports of India for the financial year 2001-2002 are given in the following table: Sl.No 1 2 3 4 5
Cat eg ory Exp ort (Rs. Crores) Agriculture and allied products 29312 Ores and minerals 4736 Manufactured goods 161161 Fuels and lubricants 10411 Others 3398 Total 209018
Represent the above date by a suitable diagram and comment on the export performance of the country. 6 (b) Prior to constructing a dam on a river the engineers performed a series of tests to measure the water flow at the
Page 75 of 92
General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 2008
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proposed location of the dam. The results of the testing were used to construct the following frequency distribution. Wat er flow (Thou san ds of g allon s p er min u t e) 1001- 1050 1051-1100 1101-1150 1151-1200 1201-1250 1251-1300 1301-1350 1351-1400
Freq u en cy 7 21 32 49 58 41 27 11
Construct an appropriate diagram to estimate what proportion of the flow occurs at less than 1300 thousands of gallons per minute. Give the estimate. 6 1 4 . (a) A company files its sales vouchers ac cording to their sales value so that they falls in four strata. Two hundred vouchers are received on a business day. The information is listed in the following table. Nu mber of vou chers
St rat u m Above Rs. 100 Rs. 800 but under Rs. 1000 Rs. 400 but under Rs. 800 Less than Rs. 400
50 60 50 40
Mean s valu e (Rs.) 1800 890 560 180
Calculate the mean value and the total value of the vouchers received by the company on the day in question. Use the histogram to estimate the modal value of the vouchers. 6 (b) A Trip to a destination is made in the following way: 900 kms by train at an average speed of 60 kms/hr 3000 kms by plane at an average speed of 500 kms/hr 400 kms by boat at
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General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 2009
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ana average speed of 25 kms/hr 15 kms by taxi at an average speed of 45 kms/hr What is average speed for the entire journey? 6 1 5 . (a) A hotel owner has nine refreshment stalls located at various points in a large compound. He wants to make one of the stalls as a supply place such that amount of travel between the stalls and the source of supply is minimized. He has to visit all stalls almost equal number of times with a view to supplying the refreshment stuff every day. The distances of stalls from the first stall are 250, 500, 650, 800, 910, 940 and 1000 yards respectively. Which stall should he choose to use as the supply place? Give reason in favour of your answer. 2 (b) In statistical investigation of 1003 families of a city, it was found that 63 families had neither a radio nor a TV, 794 families had a radio and 187 had a TV. How many families of the city selected in the sample had both? 2 (c) The mean monthly income of a person is Rs. 18190/ - and his mean monthly expenditure comes out to be Rs. 17930/ -. What is his average monthly saving ? 2
2009 1. Writ e n ot es on an y THREE of t h e followin g in abou t 1 5 0 words each: 3 × 15 = 45 a. India's strategic interests in South Asia b. China's 'peaceful rise' doctrine c. India-Russia Defence Ties d. India's 'soft' and 'hard' power strategy in Foreign Policy. 2. Writ e brief n ot es on an y FOUR of t he followin g in abou t 5 0 words each: 4 × 5 = 20 a. Nuclear Supply Group (NSG) and India b. Your views on the recent 'Gilgit - Baltistan Empowerment and Self -Governance Order 2009' c. Wakhan Corridor d. Nuclear Submarine 'Arihant' e. National Security Advisory Board (NSAB).
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General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 2009
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3. Commen t on an y TWO of t he followin g in abou t 1 0 0 words each: 2 × 10 = 20 a. India-USA as strategic partners b. Ethnic conflicts in South Asia c. 'NEPAD' and its objectives. 4. Writ e on an y TWO of t he followin g in abou t 5 0 words each: 2 × 5 = 10 a. Indo-Bhutan trade relations b. Sino-Myanmar relations c. Geopolitics and Geostrategy 5. Commen t crit ically on an y ONE of t he followin g st at emen t s in n ot more t han 2 0 0 words: 20 a. "Foreign investment is far from being critical to India's economic growth." b. ''The lesson of the current global financial crisis is that India should halt and may be even reverse financial liberlisation." 6. An swer an y ONE of t he followin g in abou t 2 0 0 words: 20 a. "In the WTO negotiations over the years of the DOHA Round, India appears to be dil uting its stand on agriculture issues to pursue perceived gains in services." Critically examine this statement. b. Discuss the Indo-US knowledge initiative in Agriculture. 7. An swer an y TWO of t he followin g (Each an swer mu st n ot exceed 1 5 0 words): 2 × 15 = 30 a. Evaluate the prospects for greater economic co operation between India and China. b. Does India need the World Bank? c. Critically assess the recent Free Trade Agreement entered into by India with ASEAN. 8. An swer an y THREE of t he followin g (in abou t 1 5 0 words each ): 3 × 15 = 45
Page 78 of 92
General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 2009
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a. What do you understand by 'Biosignatures'? Discuss briefly. b. Write about Green Fluorescence Protein (GFP) and its applications. c. Define 'Bioinformatics'. How does it work? What are its major branches and applications? d. What is the 'Hubble Spac e Telescope'? How many Servicing Missions (SMs) have been conducted for it? 9. Exp lain an y FOUR of t he followin g (in abou t 1 0 0 words each): 4 × 10 = 40 a. DNA Finger printing and its utility. b. What is 'Nanotech'? Give a brief account of its basic concepts, materials used and applications. c. What is "Graphene"? Mention at least three of its applications. d. Define 'Optical frequency comb'. Suggest at least three applications. e. Why is tele-medicine important for country like India? 10. Writ e brief n ot es on an y FIVE of t he fo llowin g (in abou t 3 0 words each): 5 × 3 = 15 a. Artificial Sun b. 'Vegetable Gold' c. PFCs and 'liquid breathing' d. The 'P-8A Poseidon' e. Biometric ATMs f. Extra Vehicular Activity (EVA). 11. a. The total of cultivation of high, medium and low sugar-content sugarcanes in four regions of a state are given below: Suga r Co ntent
R egi o n No rth
So uth
E a st
W est
Hi gh
100
100
200
50
M edi um
300
300
400
250
Low
800
400
1000
700
Page 79 of 92
General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 2009 To ta l
1200
800
1600
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1000
b. Draw suitable diagram that facilitates the comparison of areas of cultivation of different sugar -content varieties among the four regions. c. 6 d. The following table gives the production of soda ash (in tons) by three companies (A, B and C) over seven years period: Co m pa ny
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
A
20
25
28
31
34
36
41
B
15
18
23
35
40
46
50
C
45
43
40
37
30
26
20
e. Draw a suitable diagram so as to compare the performance of these companies. f. 6 g. The following data relate to the sales and net profit (in Rupees Crores) of a company: Y ea rs
1994- 95
1995- 96
1996- 97
1997- 98
1998- 99
Sa l es
100
250
300
290
680
Net pro fi t
2. 5
4. 5
6
8. 5
12
h. 4 i. In which year the percentage of growth in sales, relative to the previous year is higher? ii. In which year the percentage of growth in net profit, relative to the previous year, is higher? iii. Let the profitability be defined as the ratio of Net Profit to Sales. In which year the profitability is higher? i. The total sales (in '000 rupees) of a particula r item in a shop, on 10 consecutive days, is reported by a clerk as follows: 35.00, 29.60, 38.00, 30.00, 40.00 41.00, 42.00, 45.00,
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General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 2009
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3.60, 3.80 Later, it was found that reports of the 4th and 8th days were 10.00 more than the true values and that in the last two days the clerk put a decimal wrongly one place to the left (for example, 3.60 was really 36.0). Calculate the true mean value of sale. 5 12. a. In a factory, 1500 women are working. Eight hundred of them come from rural areas and 450 of the married women are skilled labourers. The number of skilled, rural and married labourers is 300. Of the 400 unmarried and skilled women labourers, 250 are from urban areas. The number of married, semi -skilled women labourers from urban areas is 200. One hundred married rural women are semi-skilled labourers. Tabulate the above information. 4 b. The mean score of a class in an examination is 70. If the mean score of boys is 60 and that of girls is 75, obtain the percentage of girls in the class. 4 c. In a city 20% people read newspaper A, 25% people read B and 10% read both A and B. What is the percentage of people who read at least one of the two newspapers? 2 d. In order to study the effect of inoculation on TB, it was found that the number of inoculated and unaffected from TB is 28, and not inoculated and affected from TB is 13. If inoculation was performed over 40 persons out of 60 persons, complete the table and obtain the missing numbers. 2 e. The percentage of literates in six villages of an area are noted as follows: 52, 46, 21, 30, 17, 24. Can you compute the percentage of literates in the entire area from this information? If yes, compute the percentage. If no, state what additional information you would need for the computation. Page 81 of 92
General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 2010
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2010 1 . an swer t he followin g in n ot more t han 2 5 0 words each. 2 0 ×2 = 4 0 a. critically examine the implications of the disintegration
policy to accommodate these im plications. b. growing energy demands. Compare the success iof this approach with that of another asian giant which has perhaps the fastest growing energy demand. 2 . an swer an y 4 of t he followi n g in n ot more t han 1 5 0 words. 1 2 ×4 = 4 8 a. impacted bilateral ties with India? b. Assess the Caribbean c. Do you agree with the view that India? d. Bring out the FDI & employment implications of china being a manufacturing hub & India a service hub? e. Have the Uruguay round negotiations & the TRIPS agreement helped in resolving trade conflicts arising out of variations in different nations IPR regions? Also list the steps taken by India to conform to TRIPS. f. Examine the recent developments towards the solution of the Bangladesh-myanmar maritime boundary dispute. What implications do these have for India . 3 . an swer an y 8 of t he followin g n ot more t han 5 0 words each. 5 ×8 = 4 0 a. compare & contrast the role of IMF with that of the world bank b. what are the major capac ity-building & reconstruction projects being undertaken by India in Afghanistan? c. Bring out the significance of GDI & GEM as components HDI & GDI?
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General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 2010
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d. What is round tripping in the context of FDI inflow & why has it been in the news recently in the case of India? e. Comment on the reasons for the recent hike in visa processing fees for certain categories of US visas. What is the likely impact of this hike on India? f. g. Highlight the role of the Indian peacekeeping contingent as a part of MONUSCO. h. List the salient features of the Riyadh declaration & the bilateral agreement between India & Saudi Arabia signed earlier this year. i. Comment on the reasons for the recent economic crisis in the so4 . an swer an y 2 of t he followin g in 1 5 0 words. 1 2 ×2 = 2 4 a. examine the opportunities for a lasting west asia peace solution in the context of the historic talks started in September 2010. b. Has the February agreement between the Sudanese government & the justice & equality movement (JEM) been, more successful in ending the strif in darfur than the Abuja peace agreement of 2006? Evaluate? c. Comment on the present status of the biological weapons convention. What important issues, do you think, need to be taken up at the 7 th review conference of the BWC scheduled for 2011? 5 . an swer an y 4 of t he followin g in 1 5 0 words. 1 2 ×2 = 4 8 a. bring out the applications of computer models in studying climate changes, with special reference to community earth system model. b. What is phytoremediation? Discuss its app lications. c. television technologies? d. What is cloud computing? Bring out its essential features & list its advantages & limitations? e. Discuss the application of nanotechnologie s in health care sector? 6 . commen t on an y 3 of t he followin g in 5 0 words. 1 5 ×3 = 15 a. Rotterdam convention Page 83 of 92
General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 2010
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b. The mavi marmara incident c. Significance of the kampala declaration of the international criminal court (ICC) d. Trial chamber of the extraordinary chamber in the courts of Cambodia & its recent verdit. 7 . commen t on an y 6 in 5 0 words each. 5 ×6 = 3 0 . a. MRSA infection b. HRP-2M choromet c. Maglev vehicles d. Super absorbent polymers e. Ginkgo biloba f. CARTOSAT-2B g. Various generations of mobile phone technologies 8 . who/ what are t he followin g & why have t hey been in t he n ews recen t ly. (you r an swers shou ld be in a sen t en ce/ t wo on ly) 3 ×8 = 2 4 a. craig venter b. shahran amiri c. wolfram alpha d. dreamliner aircraft e. blue gene project f. predator drones g. deepwater horizon incident h. ACTN 3 gene 9. a) the distribution of rent of 150 residential houses surveyed in locality is as follows: 5 mrks. Rent in Rs.
Number of houses
101 150
10
151 200
18
201 250
27
251 300
35
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General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 2010
301 350
30
351 400
16
401 450
8
451 500
6
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Find : i. the % of houses having rent higher than rs. 300 ii. the % of houses having rent more than rs. 250 but less than rs 401 b) work out the trend values by any suitable method from the following data showing the number of murders (in thousands) in a country for the years 1985 1995. Years
1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990
Murders 19.0
20.6
20.1
20.7 21.5
24.7
1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 24.7
23.8
24.5 23.3
21.
c) the data on the total investment on different heads under the 8 th five year plan are shown below: 19.4 % = services 1.4 % = science, technologies & environment 18.6 % = transport & communication 10.8 % = industry & minerals 28.2 % = energy 5.5 % = irrigation & flood control 1% = special programs 7.7% = rural development 7.4 % = agriculture & allied services If the total proposed outlay on different heads is as rs. 4,34,100 crores at 1991-92 prices. Obtain separately the proposed outlay on each of the heads & make on overall comment. 4 marks. d) represent the following data through a suitable diagram. Page 85 of 92
General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 2011
Region
A
B
C
D
Married criminals
95
80
63
32
Unmarried 72 criminals
25
41
26
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10.a) data on flight arrivals from several cities for 2 airlines are shown below for the last 6 months. Table : city wise ontime & delayed flights for airlines A & B Airline A
Airline A
Airline B
Airline B
Ontime Delayed Ontime Delayed City 497 I
62
694
117
City 221 II
12
4840
415
City 212 III
20
383
65
City 503 IV
102
320
129
City 1841 V
305
201
61
It is known that City II was mostly sunny & City V was mostly foggy during 6 month period of data collection. Compare the performance of 2 airlines a & b over the cities in terms of % of delayed flights. What is your conclusion. When the data on all the cities are combined? b) the arithemetic mean of 2 observations is 127.5 & their geometric mean is 60. find i) the 2 observations , ii) their harmonic mean.
2011 . Gen eral St u dies P ap er- II Time Allowed : Three Hou rs Page 86 of 92
Maximu m
General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 2011
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Marks : 3 0 0 INSTRUCTIONS Each q u est ion is p rin t ed bot h in Hin di an d in En g lish. Answer must be written in the medium specified in the Admission Certificate issued to you, which must be stated clearly on the cover of the answer -book in the space provided for the purpose. No marks will be given for the answer written in a medium other than that specified in the Admission Certificate. Candidates should attempt all questions strictly in accordance with the instructions given under each question. The number of marks carried by each question is indicated at the end of the question is indicated at the end of the question. Two (2) graph sheets are attached to this question paper for attempting questions 9(b) and 10(c). The graph sheets are to be carefully detached from the question paper and securely attached to the answer book by the candidate. 1 . An swer an y t wo of t he followin g in abou t 2 5 0 words: 2 0 x2 =4 0 (a) List the Central Asian Republics and identify those of particular strategic and economic importance to India. Examine the opportunities and bottlenecks in enhancing relations with these countries. (b) Critically examine the security and strategic implications of the so(c) an Free Trade Area (SAFTA), the Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multisectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation Free Trade Area (BIMSTEC FTA) seems 2 . An swer an y t hree of t he followin g in abou t 1 5 0 words each: 1 2 x3 =3 6 (a) 2008, what are the agreements on nuclear energy that India has signed with different countries? (b) terrorism strategy with China. What are the likely implications of the recent Xinjiang violence on these efforts? (c) Indian business. Page 87 of 92
General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 2011
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(d) What are the salient features of the political and economic relationship between India and South Africa? 3 . An swer eit her of t he followin g in abou t 2 5 0 words: 20 (a) its spread are as much economic in nature as they are political. Critically evaluate. (b) chance of success than the earlier Stability and Growth Pact? 4 . An swer an y fou r of t he followin g in abo u t 1 5 0 words each: 1 2 x4 =4 8 (a) the interests of the Arctic Council nations may not coincide with (b) Is there still a role for the concept of balance of po wer in contemporary international politics? Discuss. (c) Amplify. (d) To what extent has the withdrawal of al -Shabab from Mogadishu given peac e a real chance in Somalia? Assess. (e) On a Formula-one (F-1) racing car track, information to drivers is generally signalled through the standardized use of flags of different colours. Describe the meanings associated with any six flags listed below: (i) White flag (ii) Black flag (iii) Yellow flag (iv) Blue flag (v) Black and white flag divided diagonally (vi) Chequered flag (vii) Yellow and red striped flag 5 . Commen t on an y t hirt een of t he followin g in abou t 5 0 words each: 5 x1 3 =6 5 (a) International Year of Chemistry (b) The scourge of e-waste (c) (d) INSPIRE programme of the Department of Science and Technology Page 88 of 92
General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 2011
by mrunal.org
(e) (f) Omega-3 fatty acids in our food (g ) Difference between technology with reference to drying of washed clothes (h) The diminishing population of vultures (i) (j) F(k) (l) Analog, hybrid and IP systems in CCTV technology (m) Various applications of Kevlar (n ) Differences between Compact Disc (CD), Digital Versatile Disc (DVD) and Blu-ray Disc 6 . Commen t on t he followin g in abou t 5 0 words each: 5 x5 =2 5 (a) Functions of the World Customs Organization. (WCO) (b) Coast) (c) Strategies adopted by Colombia to eliminates its drug cartels (d) World Food Programme (WFP) of the United Nations (UN) (e) Sculpture of the broken chair in front of the UN building at Geneva 7 . Why have each of t he followin g been in t he n ews recen t ly? (Each an swer in a sen t en ce or t wo on ly) 2 x1 0 =2 0 (a) Tiangong-1 (b) K-computer (c) Gliese 581g (d) MABLE robot (e) (f) (g ) (h) (i) OPERA detecter at Gran Sasso (j) 8 . Why have t he followin g been in t he n ews recen t ly? (Each an swer in a sen t en ce or t wo on ly) 2 x5 =1 0 (a) 'News International' newspaper (b) Mustafa Abdul-Jalil (c) Abel Kirui (d) Natalie Portman Page 89 of 92
General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 2011
by mrunal.org
(e) Nawaf Salam 9 . (a) List t he req u isit ies of a g ood t able. P resen t t he followin g in a su it able t abu lar form: 5 (a) In-1980 out of a 1750 workers of a factory, 1200 were members of a union. The number of women employed was 200 of which 175 did not belong to the union. In 1985 the number of union workers increased to 1580 of which 1290 were men. On the other hand the number of non -union workers fell down to 208 of which 180 were men. In 1990 there were 1800 employees who belonged to the union and 50 who did not belong to the union. Of all the employees in 1990, 300 were women of which only 8 did not belong to the union. (b) Draw an given for the following distribution, Read th e median from the graph. How many students get between 60 and 72? No. of Marks st u den t s 50-55
6
55-60
10
60-65
22
65-70
30
70-75
16
75-80 12 8015 100 (c) From t he followin g dat a calcu lat e t he missin g freq u en cy: No. of No. of p erson s t ables cu red 4-8
11
8-12
13
12-16
16
16-20
14
20-24
? Page 90 of 92
General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► 2011
24-28
9
28-32
17
by mrunal.org
32-36 6 36-40 4 The averag e n u mber of t ables t o cu re fever was 1 9 .9 (d) Life time of 400 tubes tested in a company is distributed as follows: LifeNo. of t ime(Hou rs) t u bes 300-399
14
400-499
46
500-599
58
600-699
76
700-799 800-899
68 62
900-999
48
1000-1099
22
1100-1199 6 Det ermin e: 4 (i) Relative frequency of sixth class. (ii) Percentage of tubes whose life -time does not exceed 600 hours. (iii) Percentage of tubes whose life -time is greater than or equal to 900 hours. (iv) Percentage of tubes whose life -time is at least 500 but less than 1000 hours. 1 0 . (a) A car travels 25km at 25km at 50 kph, and 25 km at 75 kph. Find the average speed of the car for the entire journey. (b) The mean of 200 items was 50. Later on it was found that two items were wrongly read as 92 and 8 instead of 192 and 88. Find the correct mean. 4 (c) Students were asked how long it took them to walk to school on a particular morning. A cumulative frequency distribution was formed. Time t aken C.f. (min u t es) Page 91 of 92
General Studies (Mains) Paper II ► The
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45
<15 <20
81 143
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280
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395
End : Yes by mrunal.org
<45 400 (i) Draw a cumulative Frequency curve. (ii) Estimate how many students took less than 18 minutes. (iii) 6% of students took x minutes or longer. Find x. 6 (d) An investors buys Rs. 1200 worth of shares in a company each month. During the first five months he bought the shares at a price of Rs. 10, Rs. 12, Rs. 15, Rs. 20 and Rs. 24 per share. After 5 months, what is the average price paid for the shares by him?
The End : Yes Now stop speculating cutoff marks and result dates and get back to
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Page 92 of 92
General Studies Mains Paper II (2013)
/ GENERAL STUDIES
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There are TWENTY FIVE questions printed both in HINDIand in ENGLISH. •cutsgggMMF
All the questions are compulsory. The number of marks carried by a question / part is indicated against it. Answers must be written in the medium authorized in the Admission Certificate which must be stated clearly on the cover of this Question-cum-Answer (QCA) Booklet in the space provided. No marks will be given for answers written in a medium other than the authorized one.
Word limit in questions, wherever specified, should be adhered to. Any page or portion of the page left blank in the answer book must be clearly struck off.
UPSC Civil Services (CSE) Mains Examination 2013 (December 2013)
General Studies Mains Paper II (2013)
37&f"w ite tetei M &
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The role of individual MPs (Members of Parliament) has diminished over the years and as a result healthy constructive debates on policy issues are not usually witnessed. How far can this be attributed to the anti-defection law which was legislated but with a different intention ? [200 words]
Q2.
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Recent directives from Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas are perceived by the 'Nagas' as a threat to override the exceptional status enjoyed by the State. Discuss in light of Article 371A of the Indian Constitution. [200 words] 10
Q4.
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'The Supreme Court of India keeps a check on arbitrary power of the Parliament in amending the Constitution.' Discuss critically. [200 words] 10 2
UPSC Civil Services (CSE) Mains Examination 2013 (December 2013)
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General Studies Mains Paper II (2013)
Q5.
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Many State Governments further bifurcate geographical administrative areas like Districts and Talukas for better governance. In light of the above, can it also be justified that more number of smaller States would bring in effective 10 governance at State level ? Discuss. [200 words]
Q6.
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Constitutional mechanisms to resolve the inter-state water disputes have failed to address and solve the problems. Is the failure due to structural or 10 process inadequacy or both ? Discuss. [200 words]
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The product diversification of financial institutions and insurance companies, resulting in overlapping of products and services strengthens the case for the merger of the two regulatory agencies, namely SEBI and IRDA. Justify. [200 words] 10
Q9.
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The concept of Mid Day Meal (MDM) scheme is almost a century old in India with early beginnings in Madras Presidency in pre-independent India. The scheme has again been given impetus in most states in the last two decades. Critically examine its twin objectives, latest mandates and success. [200 words] 10
UPSC Civil Services (CSE) Mains Examination 2013 (December 2013)
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General Studies Mains Paper II (2013)
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Pressure group politics is sometimes seen as the informal face of politics. With regards to the above, assess the structure and functioning of pressure groups in India. [200 words] 10
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The legitimacy and accountability of Self Help Groups (SHGs) and their patrons, the micro-finance outfits, need systematic assessment and scrutiny for the sustained success of the concept. Discuss. [200 words] 10
Q12.
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The Central Government frequently complains on the poor performance of the State Governments in eradicating suffering of the vulnerable sections of the society. Restructuring of Centrally sponsored schemes across the sectors for
ameliorating the cause of vulnerable sections of population aims at providing flexibility to the States in better implementation. Critically evaluate. [200 words] 10
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Electronic cash transfer system for .the welfare schemes is an ambitious project to minimize corruption, eliminate wastage and facilitate reforms. Comment. [200 words]
UPSC Civil Services (CSE) Mains Examination 2013 (December 2013)
10
General Studies Mains Paper II (2013)
Q14. Rife fe 3 ÿ gfewi WT RTRRTR fe) feci f I ffeft ÿife I [200 W®3
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The basis of providing urban amenities in rural areas (PURA) is rooted in establishing connectivity. Comment. [200 words] 10
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Identify the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) that are related to health. Discuss the success of the actions taken by the Government for achieving the same. [200 words] 10
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Though Citizens' charters have been formulated by many public service delivery organizations, there is no corresponding improvement in the level of citizens' satisfaction and quality of services being provided. Analyse. [200 words]
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A national Lokpal, however strong it may be, cannot resolve the problems of immorality in public affairs.' Discuss. [200 words] 10
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The proposed withdrawal of International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) from Afghanistan in 2014 is fraught with major security implications for the countries of the region. Examine in light of the fact that India is faced with a plethora of challenges and needs to safeguard its own strategic interests. [200 words]
10
UPSC Civil Services (CSE) Mains Examination 2013 (December 2013)
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General Studies Mains Paper II (2013)
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What do you understand by 'The String of Pearls' ? How does it impact India ? Briefly outline the steps taken by India to counter this. [200 words]
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r? tera 3TRÿg t i [200 rÿ] Economic ties between India and Japan while growing in the recent years are still far below their potential. Elucidate the policy constraints which are 10 inhibiting this growth. [200 words]
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The protests in Shahbag Square in Dhaka in Bangladesh reveal a fundamental split in society between the nationalists and Islamic forces. What is its 10 significance for India ? [200 words]
Q22.
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Discuss the political developments in Maldives in the last two years. Should 10 they be of any cause of concern to India ? [200 words]
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In respect of India - Sri Lanka relations, discuss how domestic factors 10 influence foreign policy. [200 words]
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What is meant by Gujral doctrine ? Does it have any relevance today ? Discuss. [200 words] 10 6 UPSC Civil Services (CSE) Mains Examination 2013 (December 2013)
General Studies Mains Paper II (2013)
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The World Bank and the IMF, collectively known as the Bretton Woods Institutions, are the two inter-governmental pillars supporting the structure of the world's economic and financial order. Superficially, the World Bank and the IMF exhibit many common characteristics, yet their role, functions and mandate are distinctly different. Elucidate. [200 words]
7
UPSC Civil Services (CSE) Mains Examination 2013 (December 2013)
10
General Studies (Mains) Paper 3
III
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QUESTION PAPER SPECIFIC INSTRUCTIONS
Please read each of the following instructions carefully before attempting questions. There are TWENTY FIVE questions printed both in HINDI and in ENGLISH. All the questions are compulsory. The number of marks carried by a question/part is indicated against it.
Answers must be written in the medium authorized in the Admission certificate which must be stated clearly on the cover of this Question-cum-Answer (QCA) booklet in the space provided. No marks will be given for answers written in medium other than the authorized one. Word limit in questions, wherever specified, should be adhered to.
Any page or portion of the page left blank in the answer book must be clearly struck off.
(1)
UPSC Civil Service Mains Exam 2013 (05 Dec 2013)
I
General Studies (Mains) Paper 3
ÿ PlRÿ "ÿ-ÿTT % % 3rR 3TRTÿRJ 3Tftrÿ H5rÿuI % :—
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Content of the answer is more important than its length :—
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With a consideration towards the strategy of inclusive growth, the new Companies Bill, 2013 has indirectly made CSR a mandatory obligation. Discuss the challenges expected in
its implementation in right earnest. Also discuss other provisions in the Bill and their 10 implications. [200 words]
wgs
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What were the reasons for the introduction of Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management (FRBM) Act, 2003 ? Discuss critically its salient features and their effectiveness. [200 words] 10
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What is the meaning of the term 'tax expenditure' ? Taking housing sector as an example, 10 discuss how it influences the budgetary policies of the government. [200 words] ÿTSTT Rc7 $ *TRF % *£3
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Food Security Bill is expected to eliminate hunger and malnutrition in India. Critically discuss various apprehensions in its effective implementation along with the concerns it has 10 generated in WTO. [200 words]
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UPSC Civil Service Mains Exam 2013 (05 Dec 2013)
General Studies (Mains) Paper 3
Q.6.
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India needs to strengthen measures to promote the pink revolution in food industry for ensuring better nutrition and health. Critically elucidate the statement. [200 words] 10
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Examine the impact of liberalization on companies owned by Indians. Are they competing
with the MNCs satisfactorily ? Discuss. [200 words]
Q.8.
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friendly land reforms in India. [200 words]
Q. 9(a) 3t?fcÿm $
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(3)
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UPSC Civil Service Mains Exam 2013 (05 Dec 2013)
General Studies (Mains) Paper 3
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(4)
UPSC Civil Service Mains Exam 2013 (05 Dec 2013)
5
General Studies (Mains) Paper 3
Q. 17(b)
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(5)
UPSC Civil Service Mains Exam 2013 (05 Dec 2013)
General Studies (Mains) Paper 3
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General Studies Paper IV (Ethics) 2013
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GENERAL STUDIES (PAPER-IV) Time Allowed : Three Hours
Maximum Marks : 250
QUESTION PAPER SPECIFIC INSTRUCTIONS (Please read each of the following instructions carefully before attempting questions)
There are FOURTEEN questions divided in two Sections and printed both in HINDI and in ENGLISH.
All questions are compulsory. The number of marks carried by a question/ part is indicated against it. Answers must be written in the medium authorized in the Admission Certificate which must be stated clearly on the cover of this Question-cum-Answer (QCA) Booklet in the space provided. No marks will be given for answers written in medium other than the
authorized one. Word limit in questions, wherever specified, should be adhered to. Any page or portion of the page left blank in the Question-cum-Answer Booklet must be clearly struck off.
P.T.O. UPSC Civil Service Mains Exam 2013 (5 Dec 2013)
General Studies Paper IV (Ethics) 2013
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2
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10
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UPSC Civil Service Mains Exam 2013 (5 Dec 2013)
General Studies Paper IV (Ethics) 2013
A Public Information Officer has received an application under RTI Act. Having gathered the information, the PIO discovers that the information pertains to some of the decisions taken by him, which were found to be not altogether right. There were other employees also who were party to these decisions. Disclosure of the information is likely to lead to disciplinary action with possibility of punishment against him as well as some of his colleagues. Non-disclosure or part disclosure or camouflaged disclosure of information will result into lesser punishment or no
punishment. The PIO is otherwise an honest and conscientious person but this particular decision, on which the RTI application has been filed, turned out to be wrong. He comes to you for advice. The following are some suggested options. Please evaluate the merits and demerits of each of the options :
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The PIO could refer the matter to his superior officer and seek his advice and act strictly in accordance with the advice, even though he is not completely in agreement with the advice of the superior.
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UPSC Civil Service Mains Exam 2013 (5 Dec 2013)
20
General Studies Paper IV (Ethics) 2013
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You are working as an Executive Engineer in the construction cell of a Municipal Corporation and are presently in-charge of the construction of a flyover. There are two Junior Engineers under you who have the responsibility of day-to-day inspection of the site and are reporting to you, while you are finally reporting to the Chief Engineer who heads the cell. While the construction is heading towards completion, the Junior Engineers have been regularly reporting that all construction is taking place as per design specifications. However, in one of your surprise inspections, you have noticed some serious deviations and lacunae which, in your opinion, are likely to affect the safety of the flyover. Rectification of these lacunae at this stage would require a substantial amount of demolition and rework which will cause a tangible loss to the contractor and will also delay completion. There is a lot of public pressure on the Corporation to get this construction completed because of heavy traffic congestion in the area. When you brought this matter to the notice of the Chief Engineer, he advised you that in his opinion it is not a very serious lapse and may be ignored. He advised for further expediting the project for completion in time. However, you are convinced that this was a serious matter which might affect public safety and should not be left unaddressed. What will you do in such a situation? Some of the options are given below. Evaluate the merits and demerits of each of these options and finally suggest what course of action you would like to take, giving reasons. (250 words) 20
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UPSC Civil Service Mains Exam 2013 (5 Dec 2013)
General Studies Paper IV (Ethics) 2013
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Sivakasi in Tamil Nadu is known for its manufacturing clusters on firecrackers and matches. The local economy of the area is largely dependent on firecrackers industry. It has led to tangible economic development and improved standard of living in the area. So far as child labour norms for hazardous industries like firecrackers industry are concerned, International Labour Organization (ILO) has set the minimum age as 18 years. In India, however, this age is 14 years. The units in industrial clusters of firecrackers can be classified into registered and non-registered entities. One typical unit is household-based work. Though the law is clear on the use of child labour employment norms in registered/ non-registered units, it does not include household-based works. Household-based work means children working under the supervision of their parents/ relatives. To evade child labour norms, several units project themselves as household-based works but employ children from outside. Needless to say that employing children saves the costs for these units leading to higher profits to the owners.
6
UPSC Civil Service Mains Exam 2013 (5 Dec 2013)
|j U .kJlllMI
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General Studies Paper IV (Ethics) 2013
On your visit to one of the units at Sivakasi, the owner takes you around the unit which has about 10-15 children below 14 years of age. The owner tells you that in his household-based unit, the children are all his relatives. You notice that several children smirk, when the owner tells you this. On deeper enquiry, you figure out that neither the owner nor the children are able to satisfactorily establish their relationship with each other.
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7
UPSC Civil Service Mains Exam 2013 (5 Dec 2013)
General Studies Paper IV (Ethics) 2013
they can make huge profits. One of the builders has done a lot of quality work for the Government and is known to be close to your immediate superior, who asks you to disclose this information to the said builder. (a)
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UPSC Civil Service Mains Exam 2013 (5 Dec 2013)
20
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F-DTN-M-NETA
MEDICAL SCIENCE Paper I Time Allowed : Three Hours) Maximum Marks : 300
INSTRUCTIONS Each question is printed both in Hindi and in English. Answers must be written in the medium specified in the Admission Certificate issued to you, which must be stated clearly on the cover of the answer-book in the space provided for the purpose. No marks will be given for the answers written in a medium other than that specified in the Admission Certificate. Candidates should attempt Question Nos. I and 5 which are compulsory, and any three of the remaining questions selecting at least one question from each Section. The number of marks carried by each question is indicated at the end of the question. Wherever required, the candidates may use coloured pencils for drawing sketches and diagrams in the answer book.
Important : Whenever a Question is being attempted, all its parts/sub-parts must be attempted contiguously. This means that before moving on to the next Question to be attempted, candidates must finish attempting all parts/sub-pans of the previous Question attempted. This is to be strictly followed. Pages left blank in the answer-book are to be clearly struck out in ink. Any answers that follow pages left blank may not be given credit.
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Section •A' 1. (a) Describe the morphological features of full term placenta. Name any five congenital 12 malformations of placenta. (b) Tabulate the extrinsic and intrinsic muscles of eyeball along with their nerve supply and 12 action(s). (c) Define reflex. Classify them with examples 12 and their significance in daily life. (d) Why pancreas is called a dual gland ? What is the mechanism of 'hyperphagia in insulin deficiency ? How will you differentiate between hypoglycemic coma and hyper12 glycemic coma ? (e) Write a note on post translational modifica12 tions of protein. 2. (a) Describe the shoulder joint under the follow6x5=30 ing headings : (i) Type of joint (Classification of joint) (ii) Movements occurring at this joint (iii) List main ligaments (iv) Name the muscles acting at this joint (Do not describe each muscle)
F-DTN-M-NETA
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F-D7'N-M-NETA
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(v) Applied anatomy of dislocation of shoulder joint (vi) What is meant by the term "frozen shoulder" ? (h) Describe the origin, course and function(s) of corticospinal tracts. Add a note on effect(s) of damage to these tracts and the resulting 30 paralysis. 3. (a) Discuss briefly the role of different hormones in lactation. Why there is amenorrhoea during lactation and what is its importance ? 5+10+5=20 (b) List the various types of cells found in the blood and their functions. What will happen due to deficiency of each type ? 5+5+10=20 (c) What are the effects of exercise on cardiovascular system ? What is the importance of exercise in maintaining the health of CVS ? 10+10=20 4. (a) Describe the role of vitamins in prevention of 20 Anaemia. (b) Nodular growth in neck is very common among population living in mountain areas. — Why ? How will you investigate such 20 cases ?
F-DTN-NI NETA
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(d) How will you solve the problem of interchange 12 of newborn babies in a Hospital ? (e) Give the incidence, pathogenesis gross and microscopic features of Rheumatic heart 12 disease. 6. (a) Give the etiopathogenesis and gross and microscopic features of acute osteomyelitis. 20 (b) Give the FAB classification of acute myeloid leukaemia and discuss the laboratory findings 20 in a case of M3 AML. (c)
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F-DTN-M-NETA
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F—DTN—M—NETB MEDICAL SCIENCE Paper—H Time Allowed : Three Hours
Maximum Marks : 300
INSTRUCTIONS Each question is printed both in Hindi and in English. Answers must be written in the medium specified in the Admission Certificate issued to you, which must be stated clearly on the cover of the answer-book in the space provided for the purpose. No marks will be given for the answers written in a medium other than that specified in the Admission Certificate. Candidates should attempt Question Nos. 1 and 5, which are compulsory, and any three of the remaining questions selecting at least one question from each Section. The number of marks carried by each question is indicated at the end of the question. Wherever required, the candidates may use coloured pencils for drawing sketches and diagrams in the answer-book. Important Note : Whenever a question is being attempted, all its parts/sub-parts must be attempted contiguously. This means that before moving on to the next question to be attempted, candidates must finish attempting all parts/ sub-parts of the previous question attempted. This is to be strictly followed. Pages left blank in the answer-book are to be clearly struck out in ink. Any answers that follow pages left blank may not be given credit. terra : 3T- - 1
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Section—A 1. (a) A 4-year-old male child is admitted with history of diarrhea, pain abdomen, vomiting off and on since the age of one year. He had taken treatment from various practitioners without significant improvement. On examination, child is malnourished, weight 9 kg, height 90 cm. There are signs of vitamin and mineral deficiency.
(b)
(i) Enumerate all the probable causes of this condition.
4
(ii) What investigations will you advise to diagnose the cause?
4
(iii) Describe the management of celiac disease.
4
A young adult presents with history of headache, fever, vomiting and altered sensorium for five days. On examination, neck rigidity is present. (i) What is your diagnosis? List the common organisms that cause this condition. 1+3
(c)
(ii) What findings do you expect on CSF examination?
3
(iii) List the drugs that are used to manage this case.
5
How is scabies transmitted? Mention the complications of scabies. Discuss the clinical features of crusted scabies and its management. 2+3+4+3
F-DTN-M-NETB/ 16
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(d)
Tabulate the National Immunization Schedule. What are newer vaccines? Give their immunization schedule. 6+6
(e)
What is panic disorder? Name the drugs commonly used to treat this disorder. 4+8
2. (a)
(i)
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10
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10
(b) (i) What are the symptoms of acute pyelonephritis?
4
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8
(iii) List the antibiotics commonly used to treat severe pyelonephritis.
8
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3. (a)
Write briefly about 'Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative'. List all the ten steps of its policy. 5+15
(i)
What is tetanus neonatorum?
2
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5
(iii) What is its treatment?
5
(iv) How can this condition be prevented?
3
F-DTN-M-NETB/ 16
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F-DTN-M-NETB/ 16
5
5 3 [ P.T.O.
(b)
Write the WHO classification of undernutrition, and also describe the complications and causes of death in kwashiorkor. 10
(c)
What is unstable angina? How will you manage a patient with unstable angina? 8+12
(d)
Classify eczema. What is the diagnostic test for allergic contact dermatitis? Discuss in brief the management of atopic dermatitis. 6+3+6
4. (a) What is empyema? Discuss the management of a case with empyema. 15 (b)
List the conditions that cause megaloblastic anemia. Discuss the blood picture of this condition. How will you treat this case? 5+5+5
(c)
What is IMNCI? Why is it necessary for our country? Write the principles of this approach. 4+4+7
(d)
Name the malaria parasites. Mention complications of malaria. How will you confirm and treat malaria? 4+4+3+4
Section—B 5. (a) How does human milk compare with animal milks? Enumerate three key differences between them. Which micronutrients is natural milk deficient in? 15 F-DTN-M-NETB/ 16
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15 P.T.O.
(b)
(c)
(d)
Describe 'polyp' and enumerate the various types of polyps seen in the colorectum. Briefly enumerate how you will assess and manage a patient with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP).
15
Name the commonly used IUCDs. What are the indications and contraindications of IUCD? Enumerate the complications associated after IUCD insertion.
15
Define menorrhagia. How would you manage a case of puberty menorrhagia? 15
6. (a) Enumerate the various causes of chronic ulcers in the leg. Briefly describe how you will assess and treat a patient with varicose veins including newer modalities. 20 (b)
You have just been appointed to the post of District Magistrate. What measures would you take to ensure that the main aims of the 'National Rural Health Mission' are met with? State briefly, citing the thrust areas at each level of the district. 20
(c)
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7. (a) Describe the antenatal care in a primigravida from the early pregnancy till term. What investigations will be required during pregnancy? 20
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Note : English version of the Instructions is printed on the front cover of this question paper.
UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 1997
Compulsory English Papers UPSC Civil Services IAS/IPS Mains Exam
Contents 1997 ...................................................................................................................................................................... 1 1998 ...................................................................................................................................................................... 5 1999 ...................................................................................................................................................................... 8 2000 .................................................................................................................................................................... 12 2001 .................................................................................................................................................................... 15 2002 .................................................................................................................................................................... 18 2003 .................................................................................................................................................................... 21 2004 .................................................................................................................................................................... 25 2005 .................................................................................................................................................................... 29 2006 .................................................................................................................................................................... 32 2007 .................................................................................................................................................................... 36 2008 .................................................................................................................................................................... 39 2009 .................................................................................................................................................................... 39 2010 .................................................................................................................................................................... 43 2011 .................................................................................................................................................................... 47 2012 .................................................................................................................................................................... 50 2013 .................................................................................................................................................................... 54
1997 Q. 1. Write an essay of about 300 words on any one of the following : 100 (a) Tolerance is the key to national unity (b) Your idea of a happy life (c) Advertisements : need for control (d) Is vegetarianism a virtue ? (e) Failures are the pillars of success Q. 2. Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow in your own words as far as possible. 75 Page 1 of 58
UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 1997 It is true that the smokers cause some nuisance to the non-smokers, but this nuisance is physical while the nuisance that the non-smokers cause the smokers is spiritual. There are, of course, a lot of non-smokers who don’t try to interfere with the smokers. It is sometimes assumed that the non-smokers are morally superior, not realizing that they have missed one of the greatest pleasures of mankind. I am willing to allow that smoking is a moral weakness, but on the other hand we must beware of a man without weakness. He is not to be trusted. He is apt to be always sober and he cannot make a single mistake. His habits are too regular, his existence too mechanical and his head always maintains its supremacy over his heart. Much as I like reasonable persons, I hate completely rational beings. For that reason, I am always scared and ill at ease when I enter a house in which there are no ash-trays. The room is apt to be too clean and orderly, and the people are apt to be correct and unemotional. Now the moral and spiritual benefits of smoking have never been appreciated by these correct, righteous, unemotional and unpoetic souls. In my opinion the smokers’ morality is, on the whole, higher than that of the non-smokers. The man with a pipe in his mouth is the man after my heart. He is more genial, more openhearted, and he is often brilliant in conversation. As Thackeray observes, “The pipe draws wisdom from the lips, of the philosopher and shuts up the mouth of the foolish; it generates a style of conversation that is contemplative, thoughtful, benevolent and unaffected.” (a) What kind of hardship do .a smoker and a non-smoker cause to each other ? 15 (b) Why is it wrong to think that a non-smoker is morally superior to a smoker ? 15 (c) Why is a man without any moral weakness untrustworthy ? 15 (d) What pleasure of life is missed by a non-smoker ? 15 (e) What does Thackeray mean to say ? 15 Q. 3. Make a precis of the following passage in about 230 words. As far as possible, the precis should be in your own words. It should be written on the special sheets provided, which should be fastened securely inside the answer book. State the number of words in your answer. 75 N.B. : Marks will be deducted if your precis is much longer or shorter than the prescribed length. In our country begging has become a profession and the beggars continue to increase in numbers. So, vast indeed is the fraternity of these beggars that foreigners visiting India, especially ,cities like Varanasi, our cities of pilgrimage, have been led to call our cities the cities of beggars and of dust ! There are no statistics available for estimating their number, but that is not needed for our present purpose. Of course, any practical reform in this matter does not require a close investigation into the causes and conditions of the existence of beggars, but we are here concerned with the question of seeing how these beggars live and what, in particular, is the effect on society of their existence. As already suggested, the vastness of the number of the Indian beggars is evident to any visitor from a foreign country. The causes of the increase in the number of beggars are many, but of these we may just consider only a few. For good or evil, Indians have been very religious in their outlook on life, and also very generous and hospitable towards those who go to them for begging. Our Puranas and Shastras point out that giving charity to beggars ensures Moksha in the next world. The social conscience deveolped from such an article of faith has been the main cause of the increase in the number of beggars. They are always sure of finding people anxious to go to heaven by offering doles and donations to the needy and so they are thriving. There are many beggars whose profession has been hereditary – a strange perversion of human nature, which, as we are told, ought to eat out of the sweat of its brow. The most amusing spectacle from the point Page 2 of 58
UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 1997 of view of reason, is to see able-bodied persons, dressed in abundance of rags and many coloured clothes wandering about the streets and going from house to house regularly at certain hours for no more serious a purpose than that of begging ! This might be seen at almost any village and town in our country. For ages uncounted this thing has been going on. The ignorant masses have a fear of the curse supposed to emanate from the mouths of angered beggars, and thus the beggars get more than they need. In fact, strange as it might seem, a considerable number of these beggars are richer . than their poor patrons ! With the percolation of social consciousness among the modern educated Indians, the problem of beggars is today being seriously thought about and ways and means are being seriously mooted on how to solve this problem. When we read how in the West, for example, begging has become a crime coming under the vagrancy acts of Parliaments and when we know that in some countries people are warned that “Those who do not work, neither shall they eat”, we begin to think how depressing is the situation in India. Poverty, no doubt, is one of the major causes of begging, and unemployment and increase in population have also been responsible for the same, but the disease-of begging has deeper roots in the social consciousness of us all, and it is to this that any reformer has to turn. We must make it clear to the masses that there is no special glory of Punya in giving charity to the able-bodied persons, and that such misplaced charity is only increasing idleness and chronic poverty. If the masses are educated in social science, its elementary principles at any rate, there will be a gradual lessening of the number of beggars in our country. The State, too, has to devise laws for checking the growth of beggars. Some strict laws against vagrants must be put into practice in every city and village in India. It is more important to introduce them in holy cities where the beggars are leading the most unholy life. Finally, it is for the development of saner outlook on life that we must agitate if we are to root out this evil of beggary. In one form or another, begging has become the most widespread thing today. Some are honourable, modernised beggars in pants and boots and ties and they have subtler ways of exploiting their patron victims. Q. 4. (a) Fill in the blanks using the appropriate forms of the words given below : 10 abhor, alter, determine, dwell, fellow, handle, innocent, slay, torrent, radiant. (i) He is making a ………………… effort to succeed in the examination. (ii) We should hold corruption in …………………. . (iii) He ………………….. in a rented house in Delhi last year. (iv) There is no ………………… in this, town; it is the same as it was five years ago. (v) He deserves praise ………………. for the situation tactfully. (vi) We love children for their ………………. . (vii) The crops have been damaged by these …………… rains. (viii) The rich man has been ………………. by the militants. (ix) The …………….. of his face suggests that he is a saint. (x) He has been awarded a ……………… for studying in Canada. (b) Use each of the following words in two separate sentences, first as a noun and then as a verb : favour, meet, occasion, sound, support. 10 (c) Do as directed : 5 (i) A stranger said to me, “Do you know me ?”
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UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 1997 (Change into the Indirect form of Narration.) (ii) He is blind …………… his own faults. (Use the correct preposition.) (iii) Are you not making a noise ? (Write it in the passive voice.) (iv) Is virtue not its own reward ? (Transform into an assertive sentence.) (v) God is present everywhere. (Substitute a single word for “present everywhere”.) Q. 5. (a) Correct the following sentences : 10 (i) If you will run, you will catch the train. (ii) I am too glad to help you. (iii) I am fed up of his evil ways. (iv) He has only two brother-in-laws. (v) I am one of those persons who cannot describe what I feel. (vi) He has not bought some books. (vii) Do not prevent the child to read. (viii) I doubt that she will help you. (ix) Ganges is a holy river. (x) He is more intelligent than either of his four brothers. (b) Of the words given in brackets, choose the one that you think is appropriate : 10 (i) He is an ……………… mechanic. (ingenuous / ingenious) (ii) He died after he had been struck by ……………… . (lightning / lightening) (iii) Your story is not at all ………………. . (credulous / credible) (iv) Only the virtuous experience true …………….. . (facility / felicity) (v) Some politicians try to influence the …………… officers. (judicious / judicial) (vi) You cannot question his honesty and …………….. . (veracity / voracity) (vii) The patient is still in a state of …………….. . (comma / coma) (viii) After the accident, the field was covered with …………….. . (corpses / corps) (ix) He is a dealer in ……………….. . (stationary / stationery) (x) You should settle this dispute in an …………….. way. (amiable / amicable)
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UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 1998 (c) Use the following phrases/idiomatic expressions in your own sentences so as to bring out their meanings : 5 give rise to, hang fire, pass away, put up with, tone down.
1998 INSTRUCTIONS Candidates should attempt all questions. The number of marks carried by each question is indicated at the end of the question. Answers must be written in English. Q. 1. Write an essay in about 300 words on- any one of the following : 100 (a) The Limits of Science (b) Our Intellectuals (c) Have We Lost the Direction ? (d) Computers in Everyday Life (e) Below the Poverty Line Q. 2. Read this passage carefully and answer the questions set at the end 75 We think of the moon as only a stone, a stone gone cold. An airless, waterless stone and the prophetic image of our own earth when, some few million years from now, the senescent sun shall have lost its present fostering power . …. And so on. This passage could easily be prolonged – a Study in Purple. But I forbear. Let every reader lay on as much of the royal rhetorical colour as he finds to his taste. Anyhow, purple or no purple, there the stone is – stony. You cannot think about it for long without finding yourself invaded by one or other of several sentiments. These sentiments belong to one or other of two contrasted and complementary groups. The name of the first family is Sentiments of Human Insignificance, of the second, Sentiments of Human Greatness. Meditating on that derelict stone afloat there in the abyss, you may feel a worm,. abject and futile in the face of wholly incomprehensible immensities. ‘The silence of those infinite spaces frightens. me.’ You may feel as Pascal felt. Or, alternatively, you may feel as M. Paul Valery has said: `The silence of those infinite spaces does not frighten me.’ For the spectacle of that moon need not necessarily make you feel like a worm. It may, on the contrary, cause you to rejoice exultantly in your manhood. There floats the stone, the nearest and most familiar symbol of all the astronomical horrors: but the astronomers who discovered those horrors of space and time were men. The universe throws down a challenge to the human spirit; in spite of his insignificance and abjection, man has taken it up. The stone glares down at us out of the black boundlessness. But the fact that we know it justifies us in feeling a certain human pride. We have a right to our moods of sober exultation. (a) How does the writer describe the moon ? (b) Do you think that the image of the moon revealed here is prophetic ? Why ? (c) What kind of two contrasted and complementary sentiments does the moon evoke ? (d) What does the author try to suggest about the place of man in the universe ? (e) Give the central idea of the passage. Q. 3. Write a precis of the passage given below in your own words, not exceeding 160, on the special sheets provided. The precis sheets should be fastened securely inside the answer book. State the number of words used by you in the precis. N.B. : Marks will be deducted if your precis is much longer or shorter than the prescribed length. 75 I speak of peace because of the new face of war. Total war makes no sense in an age when great powers can Page 5 of 58
UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 1998 maintain large and relatively invulnerable nuclear forces and refuse to surrender without resort to those forces. It makes no sense in an age when a single nuclear weapon contains almost ten times the explosive force delivered by all of the Allied air forces in the Second World War. It makes no sense in an age when the deadly poisons produced by a nuclear exchange would be carried by the wind and water and soil and seed to the far corners of the globe and to generations yet unborn. Today the expenditure of billions of dollars every year on weapons acquired for the purpose of making sure we never need to use them is essential to keeping the peace. But surely the acquisition of such idle stockpiles, which can only destroy and never create, is not the only, much less the most efficient, means of assuring peace. I speak of peace, therefore, as the necessary rational end of rational men. I realize that the pursuit of peace is not as dramatic as the pursuit of war, and frequently the words of the pursuer fall on deaf ears. But we have no more urgent task. Some say that it is useless to speak of world peace or world law or world disarmament, and that it will be useless until the leaders of those nations, perceived to be hostile by us, adopt a more enlightened attitude. I hope they do. I believe we can help them do it. But I also believe that we must re-examine our own attitude, as individuals and as a nation, for our attitude is as essential as theirs. And every graduate of this school, every thoughtful citizen who despairs of war and wishes to bring peace, should begin by looking inward, by examining his own attitude toward the possibilities of peace. First, let us examine our attitude toward peace itself. Too many of us think it is impossible. Too many think it unreal. But that is a dangerous, defeatist belief. It leads to the conclusion that war is inevitable, that mankind is doomed, that we are gripped by forces we cannot control. Our problems are man-made: therefore they can be solved by man. And man can be as big as he wants. No problem of human destiny is beyond human beings. Man’s reason and spirit have often solved the seemingly unsolvable and we believe they can do it again. Let us focus on a more practical, more attainable peace, based not on a sudden revolution in human nature but on a gradual evolution in human institutions, on a series of concrete actions and effective agreements which are in the interest of all concerned. There is no single, simple key to this peace, no grand or magic formula to be adopted by one or two powers. Genuine peace must be the product of many nations, the sum of many acts. It must be dynamic, not static, changing to meet the challenge of each new generation. For peace is a process, a way of solving problems. With such a peace there will still be quarrels and conflicting interests, as there are within families and nations. World peace, like community peace, does not require that each man love his neighbour; it requires only that they live together in mutual tolerance, submitting their disputes to a just and peaceful settlement. And history teaches us that enmities between nations, as between individuals, do not last forever. However fixed our likes and dislikes may seem, the tide of time and events will often bring surprising changes in the relations between nations and neighbours. So let us persevere. Peace need not be impracticable, and war need not be inevitable. By defining our goal more clearly, by making it seem more manageable and less remote, we can help all peoples to see it, to draw hope from it, and to move irresistibly toward it. Page 6 of 58
UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 1998 Q. 4. (a) Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of words given below : 10 deter, increase, ardour, resolve, courage, divide, prestige, commend, pious, invoke (i) Paradise Lost opens with an ………………. of the divine. (ii) When is your next ……………… due ? (iii) One must have a firm ………………. to achieve one’s goal. (iv) Unless we are ……………… we can never face obstacles. (v) Will our nuclear explosions have quite a ……………… effect ? (vi) United we stand, ……………… we fall. (vii) The programme of rehabilitation is …………………. . (viii) Without ……………… religious pursuit has hardly any meaning. (x) In Gandhian era the people of our country had ……………… spirit of patriotism. (x) This school is a very ……………….. institution. (b) Use the following words in your own sentences, each both as a noun and a verb : 10 practice; question; complement; substitute; crop. (c) Rewrite the following sentences as directed : 5 (i) “Help me Cassius, or l die,” cried Caesar. (Turn it into the indirect form.) (ii) John in brighter than all other students in his class. (Change into the positive degree.) (iii) You cannot see him, for it is not easy to reach him. (Give one word for the words in bold italics.) (iv) She would not go home during the holidays (Use a question tag.) (v) If you do not work hard, you cannot succeed. (Use ‘unless’.) Q. 5. (a) Correct the following sentences : 10 (i) It is an unique privilege to welcome our guests. (ii) A herd of cattles were grazing in the farm. (iii) If you would have studied hard, you should have passed. (iv) One of my friend is a good poet. (v) Either his parents or Pheroze is going to come today. (vi) When you are going to London to meet with your friends there ? (vii) For heaven’s sake, please don’t ask me that why am I not coming ? (viii) I cannot be able to play cricket this evening. (ix) You are the teacher here, isn’t it ? (x) Shakespeare, the playwright and the poet born in Stratford-upon-Avon. (b) Fill in the blanks choosing the appropriate words put within the brackets : 10 (i) He …………… his past statement in the course of his speech. (avert, advert) (ii) In their response to the call they are ………………… . (invert, inert) (iii) There is no ………………. to the gift he received. Page 7 of 58
UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 1999 (illusion, allusion) (iv) ………………. distillation is an offence. (Elicit, Illicit) (v) He had no ………………….. to any help. (recourse, resource) (vi) He is certainly not honest; he is always ……………….. . (hypercritical, hypocritical) (vii) Smoking is ………………. here. (proscribed, prescribed) (viii) Kishore sends his …………………….. to you. (compliments, complements) (ix) We must not cast any …………….. at him, for he is innocent. (aspiration, aspersion) (x) The students’ attitude to their teacher is not ………………. . (deferential, differential) (c) Use the following phrases in your own sentences bringing out the meaning : 5 (i) Out of tune (ii) To put one’s foot down (iii) At sixes and sevens (iv) Through thick and thin (v) To put something up
1999 Answers must be written in English. Q. 1. Write an essay in about 300 words on any one of the following : 100 (a) Power of the press (b) An ideal college (c) The technological miracles of the twentieth century (d) An encounter with an astrologer (e) “Cowards die many times before their death”. Q. 2. Read the following passage and answer in your own language the questions that follow : 75 Forecasting the weather, or trying to find out what it will be like in several day’s time, has always been a difficult business. Many different things affect the weather and each one has to be carefully studied before we can make even a fairly accurate forecast. The ancient Egyptians, of course, had no need of this- the weather in the Nile valley hardly ever changes -but people living farther north had to protect themselves and their crops. During a period of drought, when no rain fell for weeks on end, streams and rivers dried up, cattle died from thirst and crops were ruined. A storm could wreck ships and houses, and heavy falls of rain caused rivers to flood a whole countryside. Action in the sky stirred man into action, and in this respect farmers became just as much men of action as were sailors on the high seas. Both had to reckon with the weather – it often upset their plans, sometimes with disastrous results. Page 8 of 58
UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 1999 In early times, when there were no instruments such as thermometer or barometer, man looked for tell-tale signs in the sky. He made his forecasts by watching the flights of birds or the way smoke rose from a fire. He thought that the moon controlled the weather – that it held a lot of water, especially when as a crescent or sickle-shaped moon it lay on its back. Even today there are people who think that the sight of the moon lying on its back means that the rain is on its way. Many of the weather-sayings are still heard today. I expect you know the one : ‘A red sky at night is the shepherd’s delight. A red sky in the morning is the shepherd’s warning.’ Do you believe this ? It’s sometimes right but more often wrong. If this and hundreds of other sayings like it were true, there would be no need for weather science or meteorology. (a) What is drought and what are its consequences? (b) Does the writer endorse the popular sayings about the red sky ? (c) Is weather forecasting a science; if so, what is it called ? (d) Why is it not easy to forecast the weather ? (e) How would the moon help the people in forecasting weather ? Q. 3. Make a precis of the following passage in your own language, in about 230 words, on the special precis-sheets provided. The precis sheets should be fastened securely inside the answer book. State the number of words used by you in your precis. 75 N.B. Marks will be deducted if your precis is much longer or shorter than the prescribed length. Karl Marx was no gentle dreamer about a better life. such as the Utopian socialists have been. He was a fighter. As he examined the relations between the capitalists and labourers of the world, his belief became clearer and sharper, until at last he was sure that he was dealing with a new science – the science of the means of production. He was sure that his ideas were not dreams but solid scientific facts, and he therefore referred to himself as a scientific socialist, so that people would not confuse him with the Utopians. Marx and a friend named Friedrich Engels were in France during the revolution of 1848, and it was at this time they published a pamphlet called The Communist Manifesto. This was a call to battle for the labouring classes of the world: “Workers of the world, arise: you have nothing to lose but your chains.” The last years of Marx were spent in England writing his book Das Kapital (‘Capital’). Engels supported Marx and completed the work when the latter died, leaving the book unfinished. Das Kapital is one of the most important books ever written. In it Marx expressed some astonishing and radical ideas. According to his economic theory, all the wealth in the world is produced by human labour. This is true of not only the goods turned out by factories and of the money received for such goods, but is true as well of the factories themselves, which were also built by human toil, and therefore represent a type of frozen and stored up labour. It is the workers, said Marx, rather than the capitalists, who have supplied this labour, and therefore the wealth should belong to them. They do not receive it, but are paid instead only a small fee for their efforts. The great difference between what the workers produce and what they are paid is surplus wealth, which goes to the owners of the factory, when it should go to the workers. Hence the workers are being exploited, or robbed, and the capitalists are growing wealthy. So said Marx. Das Kapital also included Marx’s philosophy of history. According to this theory, in every age the social class that controls the source of wealth also controls the government and has power over the people. There is, however, a considerable overlapping. As the sources of wealth change, the, old group in power tends to hang on to its control of the government. For example, the nobles of the Middle Ages owned the land which was the key source of wealth at that time, and they also controlled the government. Page 9 of 58
UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 1999 With the coming of factories as the chief producers of wealth, the nobles retained their control of the various governments of Europe for many years. Finally, the businessmen, or capitalists, who controlled the new source of wealth gained control of the government. They still control it, said Marx, but it is an unfair situation, and will not continue. In time, the workers, who really produce the wealth, will get the power. As wealth piles up, the factories and other means of production will fall into fewer and fewer hands as the rich grow steadily richer. The poor, at the same time, will grow steadily poorer and more numerous until at last a point will be reached is which almost everybody will be living in misery to support a few fabulously wealthy individuals. This situation will be so intolerable and so ridiculous that the great masses of the workers will rise up, take industry away from its owners, and run it for the benefit of the workers. We now know that many of Karl Marx’s ideas were wrong, and that many of his predictions have not come true. Wealth has become more widely distributed rather than less, and the standard of living of the workers has gone up rather than down. Capitalists have proved not to be the evil ogres that Mary pictured them. Nevertheless, the ideas of Karl Marx have had a strong appeal for many people and a profound effect upon the history of the world. Communism. one of the greatest forces in the twentieth century, had its origins in the writings of Karl Marx. Q. 4. (a) Fill in the blanks using the appropriate forms of the words given below : 10 stay; reality; health; pertinent; proof; post; stretched; accident; rouse; provision (i) I am not his ………………. brother. (ii) He got up with a ……………… and a yawn. (iii) Keep him …………….. with the latest news about his mother. (iv) He fell into the gorge ………………… . (v) I have sold off my farm-house and the land ………………….. to it. (vi) Demagogues try ………………. the masses. (vii) The new typist ……………….. to be useless. (viii) I will go …………………. that my expenses are paid. (ix) ……………… you have forgotten one thing. (x) Had you taken the medicine, the wound …………………… by now. (b) Use each of the following words in two separate sentences, first as a noun and then as a verb : 10 (i) dog (ii) freeze (iii) spoon (iv) book (v) refuse (c) Rewrite the following sentences as directed parenthetically : 5 (i) Einstein was the greatest scientist of our century. (Use the comparative degree) (ii) Let us have a cup of coffee now. (Use the right tag question) (iii) She said. “Darling, why are you looking so pale ? Cheer up, please.” (Change the mode of narration) Page 10 of 58
UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 1999 (iv) The fact is so evident that it requires no proof. (Replace ‘so’ by ‘too’) (v) He has to do his job well. (Change the voice) Q. 5. (a) Correct the following sentences : 10 (i) You are a mechanic; isn’t it ? (ii) I have already availed of all the casual leave due to me. (iii) The health of my brother is better than me. (iv) He insisted to leave immediately. (v) She congratulated him for his success. (vi) The choice lies between honour or dishonour. (vii) If it will rain, we shall stay back. (viii) The ship was drowned in the sea. (ix) By studying hard, his grades improved. (x) I have to give my examination in April. (b) Of the words given in brackets, choose the one that, you think, is appropriate to fill in the blanks : 10 (i) The book has been ………………. for the Indian readership. (adapted; adopted) (ii) The case has been hanging fire because the judge is …………….. . (disinterested; uninterested) (iii) Trespassers will be ……………….. . (persecuted; prosecuted) (iv) He is a man of ……………… . (principal; principle) (v) Justice should be ……………. with mercy. (tampered; tempered) (vi) The condition of homeless people becomes ……………….. in winter. (pitiful; pitiable) (vii) He led a ……………. life. (sensuous; sensual) (viii) I vowed to …………… myself for the death of my cousin. (avenge; revenge) (ix) I have ……………. him a job in our company. (assured; ensured) (x) Aren’t you tired of this ……………… rain ? (continual; continuous) (c) Use the following phrases in your own sentences so as to bring out their meanings : 5 (i) to lead by the nose (ii) pell- mell (iii) gift of the gab (iv) to make a dash (v) to fish in troubled waters
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UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 2000
2000 Answers must be written in English. Q. 1. Write an essay in about 300 words on any one of the following : 100 (a) Man is saved not by faith but by work (b) Indian Culture (c) Contribution of Science to human progress (d) Political reform you want in India (e) Laughter is the best medicine Q. 2. Read the following passage and answer, in your own words, the questions that follow : 5 x 15 = 75 Two important stages came not so long before the dawn of written history. The first was the domestication of animals; the second was agriculture. Agriculture, which began in the river valleys of Egypt and Mesopotamia, was a step in human progress to which subsequently there was nothing comparable until our own machine age. Agriculture made possible an immense increase in the numbers of the human species in the regions where it could be successfully practised but at first these regions were few. These were in fact, only those in which nature fertilised the soil after each harvest. Agriculture met with violent resistance, analogous to that which our Ruskins and Samuel Butlers offered to machines. Pastoral nomads considered themselves vastly superior to the tame folk who stayed in one place and were enslaved to the soil. But although the nomads repeatedly won military victories, the physical comforts which the upper classes derived from agricultural serfs always prevailed in the end, and the area of agriculture gradually increased. Even now this process is not at an end, but what remains for it to achieve is no longer very important. The only fundamental technical advance that preceded the emergence of man into recorded history was the invention of writing. Writing, like spoken language, developed gradually. It developed out of pictures, but as soon as it had reached a certain stage. it made possible the keeping of records and the transmission of information to people who were not present when the information was given. (a) What was he second important stage in our pre-history and where did it begin? (b) What happened in the regions where agriculture was successful ? (c) What happened in the conflict between the nomads and agriculturists? (d) What technical advance took place before the period of recorded history and what did it accomplish? (e) Who considered themselves superior to whom and why ? Q. 3. Make a precis of the following passage, in your own language, in about 230 words, on the special precissheets provided Marks will be deducted for precis not written on the precis-sheets. Marks will also be deducted if your precis is much longer or shorter that the prescribed length. The precis-sheets should be securely fastened inside the answer book. State the number of words used by you in your precis. 75 It has been estimated than the human population of 600 B.C. was about five million people, taking perhaps one million years to get there from two and a half million. The population did not reach 500 million until almost 8,000 years later-about 1650 A.D. This means it doubled roughly once every thousand years or so. It reached a billion people around 1850, doubling in some 200 years. It took on1y 80 years or so for the next doubling, as the population reached two billion around 1930. We have not completed the next doubling to four billion yet, but we now have well over three billion people. The doubling time at present seems to be about 37 years. Quite a reduction in doubling times: 1,000,000 years, 1,000 years, 200 years, 80 years, 37 years. Page 12 of 58
UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 2000 One of the most ominous facts of the current situation is that roughly 40% of the population of the undeveloped world is made up of people under 15 years old. As that mass of young people moves into its reproductive years during the next decade, we’re going to see the greatest baby boom of all time. Those youngsters are the reason for all the ominous predictions for the year 2000. They are the gun-powder for the population explosion. How did we get into this bind ? It all happened along time ago, and the story involves the process of natural selection, the development of culture, and mans swollen head. The essence of success in evolution is reproduction …. for reproduction is the key to winning the evolutionary game. Any structure. physiological process or pattern of behaviour that leads to greater reproductive success will tend to be perpetuated. The entire process by which man developed involves thousands of millenia of our ancestors being more successful breeders than their relatives. Facet number one of our bind-the urge to reproduce has been fixed in us by billions of years of evolution. Of course through all those years of evolution. our ancestors were fighting a continual battle to keep the birth rate ahead of the death rate. That they were successful is attested to by our very existence, for, if the death rate had overtaken the birth rate for any substantial period of time, the evolutionary line leading to man would have gone extinct. Among our apelike ancestors, a few million years ago, it was still very difficult for a mother to rear her children successfully. Most of the offspring died before they reached reproductive age. The death rate was near the birth rate. Then another factor entered the picture – cultural evolution was added to biological evolution. Of course, in the early days the whole system did not prevent a very high mortality among the young, as well as among the older members of the group. Hunting and food-gathering is a risky business. Cavemen had to throve very impressive cave bears out of their caves before the men could move in. Witch doctors and shamans had a less than perfect record at treating wounds and curing disease. Life was short, if not sweet. Man’s total population size doubtless increased slowly but steadily as human populations expanded out of the African cradle of our species. Then about 8,000 years ago a major change occurred – the agricultural revolution. People began to give up hunting food and settled down to grow it. Suddenly some of the risk was removed from life. The chances of dying of starvation diminished greatly in some human groups. Other threats associated with the nomadic life were also reduced, perhaps balanced by new threats of disease and large scale warfare associated with the development of cities. But the overall result was a more secure existence than before and the human population grew more rapidly. Around 1800, when the standard of living in what are today the developed countries was dramatically increasing due to industrialization, population growth really began to accelerate. The development of medical science was the straw that broke the camel’s back. Q. 4. (a) Fill in the blanks using appropriate forms of the words given below : 10 characterize; coagulant; fright; globe; civilized; disastrous; move; enthusiasm; pessimistic; philosophizing (i) The ————- of clouds leads to changes in the weather. (ii) Man’s continuance on earth is shrouded in ———– . (iii) A cosmic ————– may end life on earth. (iv) Vitamin K is essential for the ———— of blood. Page 13 of 58
UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 2000 (v) Is our ———- going on the right path (vi) The economic. ———- of our country is changing. (vii) Once in the jungle, the boys were ————– . (viii) What does Indian ————- teach? (ix) —————- is affecting India’s economy. (x) He spoke ———— about the existence of God. (b) Use each of the following words in two separate sentences, first as a noun and then as a verb. 10 (i) hunt (ii) wound (iii) discredit (iv) team (v) experience (c) Rewrite the following sentences as directed parenthetically : 5 (i) “Shut the door after you,” she told him curtly. (Change into indirect form) (ii) Did she commit all the mistakes ? (Change into passive voice) (iii) Many difficulties are impossible to overcome. (Use a single word for the underlined phrase) (iv) Hard as he tried, the old man failed to find a buyer for his bicycle. (Use “though”) (v) She is so good that others cannot beat her. (Replace “so” by “too”) Q. 5. (a) Correct the following sentences : 10 (i) She vividly described about the situation. (ii) He chose only such men for his company whom he could trust. (iii) He does not boast his-merits. (iv) The rich lead a luxuriant life. (v) The work was hard and exhaustive. (vi) Sages had prophecied the coming of the prophet. (vii) Earth may again be hit by a huge meteor. (viii) He came to the city with a view to get a job. (ix) He was angry upon me. (x) Why she is doing this ? (b) Of the words given in brackets, choose the one you think appropriate to till in the blanks : 10 (i) She has the ——————- to this property. (wright ; right) (ii) He has ——————- his own method for doing the work. (devised ; deviced) (iii) Fetch me a ——————- of water. (pale ; pail) Page 14 of 58
UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 2001 (iv) All the ————— of the airline were grounded. (aircraft ; aircrafts) (v) The government has selected the ——————— for the hospital. (site ; cite) (vi) The ——————- of Kargil have fallen silent. (canons ; cannons) (vii) The tropic of ——————— is an imaginary line. (Cancer ; cancer) (viii) The budget —————— could not be offset. (deficit ; deficiency) (ix) When they came down the hill the ——————- was steep. (descent ; decent) (x) The government collapsed when there was a ————– in the party. (fraction ; faction) (c) Use the following phrases in sentences so as to bring out their meaning : 5 (i) bring about (ii) break in (iii) heart and soul (iv) lie low (v) hold one’s breath
2001 1. Write an essay in about 300 words on any one of the following: (100) (a) Knowledge is power (b) Consequences of globalization (c) Value of yoga (d) Science and human happiness (e) Tourism in India 2. Read the following passage and answer in your own words the questions that follow: (5 x 15 = 75) The world we live in presents an endless variety of fascinating problems which excite our wonder and curiosity. The scientific worker attempts to formulate these problems in accurate terms and to solve them in the light of all the relevant facts that can be collected by observation and experiment. Such questions as ‘What, ‘How’, ‘Where’ and ‘When’ challenge him to find the clues that may suggest possible replies. Confronted by the many problems presented by, let us say, an active volcano, we may ask ‘What are the lavas made of? How does the volcano work and how Is the heat generated? Where do the lavas and gases come from? When did the volcano first begin to erupt and when is it likely to erupt again? In terms of chemical compounds and elements, the question ‘How’ refers to processes — the way things are made or happen or change. The ancients regarded natural processes as manifestations of energy acting on or through matter. Volcanic eruptions and earthquakes no longer reflect the erratic behaviour of the gods of the underworld; they arise from the action of the earth’s internal heat on and through the surrounding crust. The Page 15 of 58
UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 2001 source of the energy lies in the material of inner earth. In many directions, of course, our knowledge is still incomplete, only the first of the questions we have asked about volcanoes, for example, can as yet be satisfactorily answered. The point is not that we now pretend to understand everything but that we have faith in the orderliness of natural processes. As a result of two or three centuries of scientific investigation, we have come to believe that Nature is understandable in the sense that when we ask questions by way of appropriate observations and experiments, she will answer truly and reward us with discoveries that endure. (a) How does the author describe the task of the scientific worker? (b) Why does the author speak about volcanoes? (c) What does the equation ‘How’ refer to? (d) How did the ancients look upon volcanoes and earthquakes? (e) What does the author say about our knowledge of the world? 3. Make a précis of the following passage, in your own words, in about 230 words, on the special précis-sheets provided. Marks will be deducted for précis not written on the précis sheets. Marks will also be deducted if your précis is much longer or shorter than the prescribed length. The précissheets should be securely fastened inside the answer book. State the number of words used by you in your précis. (75) No amount of improvement and reconstruction in education will bear much fruit if our schools and colleges are undermined by indiscipline. An impartial examination makes it clear that students and teachers alike need more of the spirit of discipline. If proper education is to be given, acts of indiscipline prevalent in our educational institutions have to be checked. Indiscipline may take the shape of group indiscipline or individual indiscipline. Group indiscipline is the worse of the two. While as individuals many of our students are as good as students elsewhere, the tendency to group indiscipline has increased in recent years. Many causes have led to this group indiscipline. For various reasons under a foreign regime, acts of indiscipline became frequent, often necessitated by the political activities, which were launched against a foreign government. While there may have been justification for such indiscipline under different political circumstances, we feel that there is no justification on for such acts of indiscipline after the attainment of independence. The democratic constitution which the country has adopted permits the redressing of grievances through democratic machinery. It would be against all principles of democracy if such acts of indiscipline were to continue. The real purpose of education is to train youth to discharge the duties of citizenship properly. All other objectives are incidental. Discipline, therefore, should be the responsibility of parents, teachers, the general public and the authorities concerned. There are some positive factors promoting discipline. The Indian student’s natural tendency is to be disciplined. It is only when forces act strongly on him that he may sometimes be led astray. He appreciates rules and is normally inclined to abide by them. Much can be done to encourage this trend in school and college life. Personal contact between teacher and pupil is essential. Emphasis is also to be laid on the role of the class teacher or tutorial guide in promoting general discipline and the welfare of the pupils. Further a greater responsibility should devolve upon the students themselves in the maintenance of discipline. Nothing is more calculated to develop a proper sense of self-discipline and proper behaviour than their enforcement, not by any outside authority with any symbol of punishment but by the students themselves. They should choose their own representatives to see that proper codes of conduct are observed. Page 16 of 58
UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 2001 Another important method of bringing home to pupils the value of discipline is through group games. It is on the playing fields that the virtue of playing the game for its own sake and the team spirit can be cultivated. Such extracurricular activities as Boy Scouts, Girl Guides, the National Cadet Corps, Junior Red Cross and Social Service activities will promote a proper spirit of discipline. The building up of a truly harmonious and united form of community life should be the endeavour of all progressive educational institutions. Besides these positive factors, certain negative factors also promote discipline. The discipline of the youth of any country depends upon the discipline that is exercised by the elders. It is a well – known fact that in all democracies election time is a time offeverish activity not always conducted in the most healthy spirit, and the utilization by politicians of immature minds like students for purposes of electioneering campaigns, with or without slogans attached thereto, is not calculated to promote sound discipline among students. It should be considered an election offence for any member or party to utilize the services of pupils under the age of 17 in political or civic campaigns. Besides, while the educative value of leading politicians addressing our students from time to time may be readily admitted, the tendency often is for the leaders not to speak to the audience before hem but to a wider audience whose attention they wish to attract through the press. It is not necessary that every speech made by a politician should be a political speech. Lastly, discipline among students can only be promoted if there is discipline among the staff. The teacher and the educational administrator should realize that their activities are all being watched by their pupils. To what extent, therefore, both in their personal conduct and in their general attitude to all problems concerning their country, they have to realize that there are limitations within which they must act for the best interests of education. Ultimately, it is the school or college atmosphere and the quality of the teachers there that ensure proper codes of conduct and discipline among our students. 4. (a) Fill in the blanks using appropriate forms of the words given below: 10 Value, offend, strike, jealous, put, grant, disturb, learn, fly, economic (i) The man …………………. into a rage and tore away his garments. (ii) A sensible man never takes everything for ……………… (iii) No one seems to have taken ……………….at her manners. (iv) When are you ………………out to sea again? (v) I have no mind to trespass upon you ………………..time. (vi) Try to rise above petty personal ………………… (vii) The officer ………………….through one paragraph and accepted the rest. (viii) The report I have received is very …………………indeed. (ix) She has sent her paper to a ………………..journal. (x) These new measures will give a boost to our ……………………… (b) Use each of the following words in two separate sentences, first as a noun and then as a verb: 10 (i) tum (ii) spell (iii) part (iv) contact (v) meet (c) Rewrite the following sentences as directed: (i) You are too early for the show. (Use “enough”) Page 17 of 58
UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 2002 (ii) The Mahanadi is not as long as the Gange. (Use the comparative degree) (iii) Varsha readily complied ……………..my request. (Fill in the gap with a preposition) (iv) We are sure of his honesty. (Change into a complex sentence) (v) Santa said, “Don’t open the window.” (Change into the indirect form) 5. (a) Correct the following sentences: 10 (i) May 1 now take your leave? (ii) The soup will taste better if it had more salt in it. (iii) Is he used to come late everyday? (iv) Your daughter is twelve years old, isn’t it? (v) We must be true to our words. (vi) Datta is living here since 1998. (vii) A twenty miles walk is really very hard. (viii) We watched the man to disappear in the woods. (ix) Kalidas has written Meghadutam. (x) Let’s have coffee. (b) Of the words given in brackets, choose the one you think appropriate to fill in the blanks (10) (i) He seems to be…………….. to hard work. (adverse; averse) (ii) The building does not ………………..to safety regulations (conform; confirm) (iii) Asharam was accused of …………the workers against the management. (exciting; inciting) (iv) Rescue workers rushed to the site of the plane…………… (crass; crash) (v) Gagan uses expensive ………….for his letters. (stationery; stationary) (vi) The factory was ………………making toys. (seized; ceased) (vii) Shakil is …………….. at solving difficult crossword puzzles (ingenuous; ingenious) (viii) I wish you a …………….. recovery (fast; speedy) (ix) Everybody said that her decision was ………………. (judicious; judicial) (x) You will have to ………………. your afternoon tea as we have no more sugar. (forego; forgo) (c) Use the following phrases in sentences so as to bring out their meaning: 5 (i) deal in (ii) prime of life (iii) above board (iv) dwell upon (v) in full swing
2002 1. Write an essay in about 300 words in any one of the following: (100) (a) The ways to enrich our regional languages. (b) Whither Indian democracy today? (c) Terrorism in India. Page 18 of 58
UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 2002 (d) Science and Religion. (e) If I were the Prime Minister of India. 2. Read the following passage and answer in your own words the questions that follow: (5 x 15 = 75) The scientific and technological revolution has brought about fundamental changes in the socio – economic sphere. The use of diesel engine and electricity and the beginning of the application of atomic energy have changed the modes of production. These things have led to the concentration of capital in a few hands. Great enterprises are replacing cottage industries and small firms. The working classes have certainly benefited economically. The miracle of production has necessitated the miracle of consumption. Better amenities are available at a lower cost. A man can buy anything he wants today, if he can only afford. But what kinds of men are needed today for our society? Men who can cooperate in large groups, men whose tasks are standardized, men who feel free and independent and at the same time are willing to fit in the social machine without any friction. Modem man is faced with a sort of moral and spiritual dilemma. The crisis of values yawns before him. Today the old values are in the melting pot, and the new values have not found their foothold. Man has become the automaton he has contrived; he has lost ownership of himself. The discord between the development of positive science on the one hand and the dehumanization of man on the other is the worst crisis of the modem age. Apart from the economic sphere, the socio-political sphere has not escaped this stratification and the congruent crisis of values. Since the Renaissance, man has been striving for individual rights and self-dignity. But under the present set-up, only two types of men are found — the conditioner and the conditioned. The propaganda offices and the planning bureaus have almost crushed the ‘individual self’, and it has resulted in the rise of the ‘social self. Due to this pressure, the personality fulfillment or its all- round development is denied to many. (a) What has changed the modes of production today? (b) What things are being replaced by great enterprise? (c) What kind of men is needed today for our society? (d) Why has man become the automation of his own creation? (e) Is modem man able to attain personality fulfillment? 3. Make a précis of the following passage in your own language in about 230 words, on the special precissheets provided. The precis-sheets should be securely fastened inside the answer book. Indicate the number of words used by you in your précis. N.B.: Marks will be deducted if your précis is much longer or shorter than the prescribed length. (75) “What is the use of a house if you haven’t got a tolerable planet to put it on?” asked Henry David Thoreau. More than century later the Earth seems to be literally falling to pieces — recent environmental set-backs include billions of tonnes of ice shelves breaking off in the Antarctic and unusually warm temperatures in different parts of the world. Panic reactions range from predictions of sinking islands to the lamenting the illeffects of global warming induced by release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. The trouble is that we are too much obsessed with the problem of climatic Change to even acknowledge the fact that the state of the planet hinges on much more. Climatic change is at best a symptom of a far more complex malaise, just as a fever is most often only an Indicator of something that’s gone awry in our body. It is time for a complete and comprehensive planetary health check that will examine the impacts of change in land use, loss of Page 19 of 58
UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 2002 biodiversity, use of fertilizers and pesticides and consistent pollution of water bodies. This would overcome the limitations of evaluating how ecosystems work by reacting to just one major environmental concern as is happening in the case of global warming. These considerations have been responsible for the setting up of an international panel, the Milleniurn Ecosystem Assessment. Financed by four major international bodies, including the UNO and the World Bank, the eco-panel was set up without much fuss last June (2001), and is expected to determine, over a period of four years and at a cost of $ 21 million, the state of the Earth’s ecosystems. The eco-panel will have source inputs from more than 2,000 natural and social scientists the world over. Put simply, the Earth will go through the equivalent of a thorough physical analysis, so that biological, economic and social information can be collated to help scientists arrive at a final diagnosis. What is crucial, says one of the scientists, and is that “no one has previously tried to work out how all of these conflicting pressures interact.” The other important factor is how well we can orchestrate trade-offs and interactions in order to maintain ecological balance. Scientific bodies like the international Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) have access to vast amounts of baseline data relating to the subject — although critics points out that the information available is mostly from the North, leaving the concerns of he south largely unrepresented. The newly-constituted eco-panel will have to take all these aspects into account. For instance, it will have to ensure that data collection is more representative of the regions of the world. Today, we have the advantage of sourcing data from remote sensing satellites as well. The information thus gathered would have to be sorted out and analyzed by specialists and also by generalists before the panel comes out with specific periodic predictions, prescriptions and warnings. The healing process can begin only if all the scientific evidence and direction is made available to a wide audience and not just restricted to policy makers. Rather than depending solely upon governments to listen to and take corrective action, the focus should now be on convincing individuals and communities whose collective or individual action will eventually make the difference between regression and recovery. 4. (a) Fill in the blanks using appropriate forms of the words given below: (10) ride, diminish, devotion, shout, watch, contest, disastrous, pleasure, philosophizing, finance. (i) Mohan is …………to his father. (ii) None seems to have been ……………with his speech. (iii) She ……………at the peon when he sat down. (iv) His …………….condition is at a low ebb now. (v) Several candidates are ………………..the Panchayat elections. (vi) The boy was frightened to …………………the movie. (vii) What does Samkara’s ……………….teach us (viii) Hariharans suspicious moves herald a…………………. (ix) In the circus show, I saw a bear ……………a bicycle. (x) The chances of starvation deaths have ……………….today (b) Use each of the following words in two separate sentences, first as a noun and then as a verb: (10) (i) race (ii) hit (iii) play (iv) touch (v) experiment Page 20 of 58
UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 2003 (c) Rewrite the following sentences as directed parenthetically: 5 (i) “Do not make a noise.” said the teacher to his students. (Change into indirect form) (ii) Han is so short that he cannot touch the ceiling. (Replace ‘so by ‘too’) (iii) I gave him a ten-rupee not yesterday. (Change into passive voice) (iv) She bought a house last year. The house is white. (Change into a simple sentence) (v) Hard as he worked, he failed in the examination. (Use ‘though’) 5. (a) Correct the following sentences: (10) (i) He boasts his achievements now and then. (ii) She is living in this flat since 1995. (iii) The Principal was angry upon the boys. (iv) Character is more preferable than intelligence. (v) Krishna hanged all the pictures on the wall. (vi) The sceneries of Kashmir more me most. (vii) Cattle is grazing in the field. (viii) Han is going foreign next month. (ix) She knew that I am leaving the place. (x) His elder brother gave him many good advices. (b) Of the words given in the brackets, choose the one you think appropriate to fill in the blanks: 10 (i) The road accident proved to be…………… (fateful, fatal) (ii) He got a ………………..opportunity to qualify in the test. (gold, golden) (iii) Fariciabad is an …………….. city. (industrial, industrious) (iv) An ashram is a ………………..place. (quite, quiet) (v) Sohan’s handwriting is…………….(eligible. illegible) (vi) We should not disturb the ……………. of his mind. (piece. peace) (vii) You should ………………… an example to strengthen your viewpoint (site, cite) (viii) Akbar was an …………………..to Humayun. (hair, heir) (ix) Rajasthan is a well-known ……………….. (desert, dessert) (ix) The ………………..turned me out of the class. (principle, principal) (c) Use the following phrases in sentences so as to bring out their meaning; (5) (i) bring about (ii) call names (iii) run out (iv) by leaps and bounds (v) lame excuse
2003 1. Write an essay in about 300 words in any one of the following: (100) (a) The Need for Alternative Sources of Energy (b) The Role of Judiciary in India (c) Freedom of Expression Page 21 of 58
UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 2003 (d) My Idea of an Administrator (e) Pleasures of Reading 2. Read the following passage and answer in your own words the questions that follow: (5 × 15 = 75) This rule of trying always to do things as well as one can do them has an important bearing upon the problem of ambition. No man or woman should be without ambition, which is the inspiration of activity. But if one allows ambition to drive one to attempt things which are beyond one’s own personal capacity, then unhappiness will result: If one imagines that one can do everything better than other people, then envy and jealousy, those twin monsters, will come to sadden one’s days. But if one concentrates one’s attention upon developing one’s own special capacities, the things one is best at, then one does not worry over much if other people Ere more successful. There are those again who are discontented with their own job and complain of drudgery. But there is no job in the world which does not contain a large element of drudgery. Do you imagine that a Prime Minister has no drudgery to do, or an artist, or an author? I loathe drudgery as much as any man; but I have learnt that the only way to conquer drudgery is to get through it as neatly, as efficiently as one can. You know I am right when I say that. A dull job slackly done becomes twice as dull; a dull job which you try to do just as well as you can becomes half as dull. Here again effort appears to me the main part of the art of living. Have I any other, and less disagreeable, hints to suggest? I believe that every man and woman has somewhere tucked away inside them a sense of beauty. Without this sense life on this earth is veiled in dim grey clouds. It may be that you do not care, or think you do not care, for poetry or art or music. If you make the least effort, you may find that some or all of these things will cause you sudden delight; and once you catch that delight it will never leave you. Because if life, as I believe, is a constantly renewed effort, then the human frame aid nerves require some relaxation. (a) When does ambition lead to unhappiness? (b) How can a person avoid envy and jealousy? (c) How can we avoid the feeling of drudgery? (d) Should we avoid ambition? (e) What does the phrase “to get through it” mean? 3. Make a precis of the following passage in your own words in about 230 words. Marks will be deducted if the precis is not written on the separate precis sheets provided and the length of the precis exceeds or falls short of more than 10 words of the prescribed length. State the number of words used by you in the precis and securely fasten the precis-sheets inside the answer-book. (75) Some wars in the past were quite as disorganizing and as destructive of the civilization of devastated areas as was the Second World War. North Africa has never regained the level of rosperity that t enjoyed under the Romans. Persia never recovered from the Mongols nor Syria from the Turks. There have always been two kinds of wars, those in which the vanquished incurred disaster, and those in which they only incurred discomfort. We seem, unfortunately, to be entering upon an era in which wars are of the former sort. The atom bomb, and still more the hydrogen bomb, have caused new fears, involving new doubts as to the effects of science on human life. Some eminent authorities, including Einstein, have pointed out that there is Page 22 of 58
UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 2003 a danger of the extinction of all life on this planet. I do not myself think that this will happen in the next war, but I think it may well happen in the next but one, if that is allowed to occur. If this expectation is correct, we have to choose, within the next fifty years or so, between two alternatives. Either we must allow the human race to exterminate itself, or we must forgo certain liberties which are very dear to us, more especially the liberty to kill foreigners whenever we fell so disposed. I think it probable that mankind will choose its own extermination as the preferable alternative. The choice will be made, of course, by persuading ourselves that it is not being made, since (so militarists on both sides will say) the victory of the right is certain without risk of universal disaster. We are perhaps living in the last age of man, and, if so, it is to science that he will owe his extinction. If, however, the human race decides to let itself go on living, it will have to make very drastic changes in its ways of thinking, feeling, and behaving. We must learn not to say ‘Never! Better death than dishonour’. We must learn to submit to law, even when imposed by aliens whom we hate and despise, and whom we believe to be blind to all considerations of righteousness. Consider some concrete examples. Jews and Arabs will have to agree to submit to arbitration; if the award goes against the Jews, the President of the United States will have to ensure the victory of the party to which he is opposed, since, if he supports the international authority, he will lose the Jewish vote in New York State. On the other hand, if the award goes in favour of the Jews, the Mohammedan world will be indignant, and will be supported by all other malcontents. Or, to take another instance, Eire will demand the right to oppress the Protestants of Ulster, and on this issue the United States will support Eire while Britain will support Ulster. Could an international authority survive such a dissension? Again: India and Pakistan cannot agree about Kashmir, therefore one of them must support Russia and the other the United States. It will be obvious to anyone who is an interested party in one of these disputes that the issue is far more important than the continuance of life on our planet. The hope that the human race will allow itself to survive is therefore somewhat slender. But if human life is to continue in spite of science, mankind will have to learn a discipline of the passions which, in the past, has not been necessary. Men will have to submit to the law, even when they think the law unjust and iniquitous. Nations which are persuaded that they are only demanding the barest justice will have to acquiesce when this demand is denied them by the neutral authority. I do not say that this is easy; I do not prophesy that it will happen; I say only that if it does not happen the human race will perish, and will perish as a result of science. 4. (a) Fill in the blanks using the appropriate form of the words given below: (10) offensive, imagination, psychological, conceive, vacation, entire, enthusiasm, lacerating, deify, margin (i) I do not believe in the ……………….of an ordinary politician. (ii) She could not bear to look at his …………….hand. (iii) Most people do not have any clear ……………of judicial activism. (iv) Who can dare to ………………….the boss? (v) A sensible person can ………………….the plight of others. (vi) You have to consider the matter in its ………………… (vii) It is difficult to ………………..such dullards. (viii) We can no longer ………………..the poor and the suppressed. (ix) You will have to …………….the house. (x) ………………..is an interesting subject.
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UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 2003 (b) Use each of the following words in two separate sentences, first as a noun and then as a verb: (10) (i) help (ii) nurse (iii) judge (iv) pillory (v) round (c) Rewrite the following sentences as directed within brackets: (5) (i) No metal is as costly as gold. (Use the comparative degree of “costly”) (ii) I doubt if you have done it. (Change into a negative sentence without changing the meaning) (iii) He was elected leader. (Change into active voice) (iv) She confessed that she was guilty. (Turn it into a simple sentence) (v) She said, “Can you write a poem?” (Change into indirect speech) 5. (a) Correct the following sentences: (10) (i) Each of the scholars, belonging to various countries, have spoken about it. (ii) All were present except he and his sister. (iii) I wonder if ten thousand rupees are a large sum. (iv) She lay the table an hour ago. (v) He absented from the class for no reason. (vi) He is untidy boy. (vii) All his plans fell out for lack of help. (viii) Of milk, coke and coffee the latter is my favourite. (ix) All this happened prior 1971 war. (x) Scarcely had she gone that he arrived. (b) Choose the appropriate words given in the brackets to fill in the blanks in the following sentences: (10) (i) Nehruji made a ………………. speech in Parliament on this occasion. (historical, historic) (ii) Such heavy responsibilities cannot be ………………….easily. (born, borne) (iii) The doctor visits him on ………………….days. (alternative, alternate) (iv) I do not know why he is …………………..towards me. (contemptuous, contemptible) (v) To work for more than eight hours is quite …………………… (exhaustive, exhausting) (vi) Democracy does not allow the ………………..of the minorities. (prosecution, persecution) (vii) No meeting of the ……………..of ministers has been scheduled for tomorrow. (council, cabinet) (viii) All worldly pleasures are considered to be …………………..by saints. (momentary, momentous) (ix) Any …………………. of secret documents is punishable by law. (tempering, tampering) Page 24 of 58
UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 2004 (x) He is an ……………..person to work with. (amiable, amenable) (c) Use the following phrases in your own sentences so as to bring out their meaning: (5) (i) to come across (ii) to be cut out for (iii) over head and ears (iv) to see eye to eye (v) to draw the line
2004 1. Write an essay in about 300 words in any one of the following: (100) (a) Indian Budget is a Gamble on the Monsoons (b) Necessity of Water-Harvesting in India (c) Social Harmony vs. Communal Frenzy (d) Criminalization of Politics (e) ‘All That Glitters Is Not Gold’ 2. Read the following passage and answer, in your own words, the questions that follow at the end (5 x 15 = 75) The flowering of Indian civilization constitutes one of the most glorious chapters in the history of mankind. A culture, remarkable for its moral no less than for its material creativity, which has endured for three millennia and more, is necessarily a subject of great fascination. Yet over and above its longevity, Indian civilization is also characterized by some other features which deserve to be highlighted in any review of its past. The ability of this civilization to absorb alien cultures without losing its distinctive identity has intrigued scholars over the centuries; and this capacity for creative absorption is as much in evidence today, when India is undergoing a seminal transformation into a modern industrial community, as it was in the centuries past, when alien communities with novel ways of life migrated into the subcontinent, to be drawn into the living matrix of Indian society; The continuity of Indian civilization rests very substantially upon social institutions and upon the dissemination of a common corpus of religious values among different classes and communities in the subcontinent. This civilization was also geared to a cycle of agricultural activity which substantially determined the total ordering of society. Hence, the fact that the great epicentres of Indian civilization were located in the plains of the Indus and the Ganga in the north; and those of the Mahanadi, the Godavari, the Krishna, and the Cauvery in the south. Over the centuries the people living in these riverine regions had conjured into existence a round of economic activity and a set of social institutions, which were designed to produce the agricultural wealth which sustained life. Indeed, the structure of rural society; with a central place occupied by the cultivating classes, which were linked by ties of patronage and prescription to numerous artisanal and menial groups; and the fabric of caste society; with the interlocking institutions of Varna and Jati has to be looked upon as the historical answer of the Indian genius to the needs of sustaining production in a rural society; The striking feature of this social organization was the premium which it put on self-sufficiency and survival within the framework of an agrarian civilization. Page 25 of 58
UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 2004 (a) What is the most distinctive feature of Indian civilization? (b) Which section of the society occupied a central place in Indian civilization? (c) Identify the great epicentres of Indian civilization as narrated in the passage. (d) On what did the Indian social organization lay emphasis? (e) What does the phrase “conjured into existence” mean? 3. Make a precis of the following passage in your own words in about 220 to 240 words. Marks will be deduced if the precis is not written on the separate precis sheets provided and if it is longer or shorter than the prescribed limit. State the number of words used by you in the precis at its end and securely fasten the precis-sheets inside the answer-book. (75) There is some similarity between Italy and India. Both are ancient countries with long raditions of culture behind them, though Italy is a newcomer compared to India, and India is a much more vast country Both are split up politically, and yet the conception of Italia, like that of India, never died, and in all their diversity the unity was predominant. In Italy the unity was largely a Roman unity, for that great city had dominated the country and been the fount and symbol of unity. In India there was no such single centre or dominant city, although Benares might well be called the Eternal City of the East, not only for India, but also for Eastern Asia. But, unlike Rome, Benares never dabbled in empire or thought of temporal power. Indian culture was so widespread all over India that no part of the country could be called the heart of that culture. From Kanyakumari to Amarnath and Badrinath in the Himalayas, from Dwarka to Pun, the same ideas coursed, and if there was a clash of ideas in one place, the noise of it soon reached distant parts of the country. Just as Italy gave the gift of culture and religion to Western Europe, India did so to Eastern Asia though China was as old and venerable as India. And even when Italy was lying prostrate politically, her life coursed through the veins of Europe. It was Metternich who called Italy a “geographical expression”, and many a would-be Metternich has used that phrase for India, and, strangely enough, there is a similarity even in their geographical positions in the two continents. More interesting is the comparison of England with Austria, for has not England of the twentieth century been compared to Austria of the nineteenth, proud and haughty and imposing still, but with the roots that gave strength shriveling up and decay eating its way into the mighty fabric. It is curious how one cannot resist the tendency to give an anthropomorphic form to a country. Such is the force of habit and early associations. India becomes Bharat Mata, Mother India, a beautiful lady, very old but ever youthful in appearance, sadeyed and forlorn, cruelly treated by aliens and outsiders, and calling upon her children to protect her. Some such picture rouses the emotions of hundreds of thousands and drives them to action and sacrifice. And yet India is in the main, the peasant and the worker, not beautiful to look at, for poverty is not beautiful. Does the beautiful lady of our imaginations represent the bare-bodied and bent workers in the fields and factories? Or the small group of those who have from ages past crushed the masses and exploited them, imposed cruel customs on them and made many of them even untouchable ? We seek to cover truth by the creatures of our imaginations and endeavour to escape from reality to a world of dreams. And yet, despite these different classes and their mutual conflicts there was a common bond which united them in India, and one is amazed at its persistence and tenacity and enduring vitality. What was this strength due to? Nor merely the passive strength and weight of inertia and tradition, great as these always are. There was an active sustaining principle, for it resisted successfully powerful outside influences and absorbed internal forces that rose to combat it. Page 26 of 58
UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 2004 And yet with all its strength it could not preserve political freedom or endeavour to bring about political unity. These latter do not appear to have been considered worth much trouble; their importance was very foolishly ignored, and we have suffered for this neglect. Right through history the old Indian ideal did not glorify political and military triumph, and it looked down upon money and the professional moneymaking class. Honour and wealth did not go together, and honour was meant to go, at least in theory, to the men who served the community with little in the shape of financial reward. The old culture managed to live through many a fierce storm and tempest, but though it kept its outer form, it lost its real content. Today it is fighting silently and desperately against a new and all-powerful opponent — the bania civilization of the capitalist West. It will succumb to this newcomer, for the West brings science, and science brings food for the hungry millions. But the West also brings an antidote to the evils of this cut-throat civilization — the principles of socialism, of cooperation, and service to the community for the common good. 4. (a) Fill in the blanks using the appropriate forms of the words given below: (10) burn, near, harm, perfect, invite, create, join, administer, spendthrift, skill (i) I did not accept the ……………….because I was angry (ii) An honest man is the noblest …………….of God. (iii) His father prevented him from ……………….a dance school. (iv) A judge should ……………..equal justice to all. (v) He looks gentle enough, but he can be …………………at times. (vi) He has ………………his case to my satisfaction. (vii) Your opponent is too …………………to cope with. (viii) Despite suggestions to the contrary, he continued to be a …………… (ix) The ………………..sun made the traveller thirsty. (x) Bombay is the seaport ……………to Europe. (b) Use each of the following words in two separate sentences, first as a noun and then as a verb: (10) (i) present (ii) move (iii) issue (iv) pain (v) crowd (c) Rewrite the following sentences as directed within brackets: (5) (i) He had to sign or be executed. (Turn into a complex sentence) (ii) Given the order. (Use the passive form) (iii) I was doubtful whether it was you. (Turn into a negative sentence)
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UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 2004 (iv) He was disgraced his family. (Use the noun form of “disgraced”) (v) He was so tired that he could not stand. (Turn into a simple sentence replacing “so” by “too”) 5. (a) Correct the following sentences: (10) (i) The rain was accompanied by hail and storm. (ii) I cannot help but think that he is a fool. (iii) I have never seen a clever man at engineering than him. (iv) It is all the more better if he marries your daughter. (v) Objections to this proposal can be stated as thus. (vi) He travelled from one corner of India to the other. (vii) She could not make up the mind. (viii) They tried to wipe out the poor widow’s tears. (ix) It is the best ideal each person may aspire for. (x) You are not entitled for admission (b) Choose the appropriate words from those given in the brackets to fill in the blanks in the following sentences:10 (i) She has a ………………….appearance. (gracious, graceful) (ii) Out principal is a man of kind and ………………nature (judicious, judicial) (iii) He is ………………to both praise and blame. (sensible, sensitive) (iv) Gandhiji was the ………………head of the Congress party (virtuous, virtual) (v) I do not regard his scheme as ……………… (practicable, practical) (vi) The Equator is an ……………… line round the world. (imaginative, imaginary) (vii) The ship sailed ashore in spite of ……………… difficulties. (elemental, elementary) (viii) Acts of ……………… negligence are punishable by law. (willing, wilful)
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UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 2005 (ix) He was offered a ………………job. (temporal, temporary) (x) I am the ………………owner of the house. (rightful, righteous) (c) Use the following phrases in your sentences so as to bring out their meaning: (5) (i) to call forth (ii) to fall through (iii) to get along (iv) to lay bare (v) to put up with
2005 1. Write an essay in about 300 words on any one of the following: (100) (a) Environment and Conservation (b) Role of Women in Social Transformation (c) Nuclear Energy in War and Peace (d) India’s Foreign Policy and World Power (e) Television and its Impact on Youth 2. Read the following passage and answer in your own words the questions that follow: (5 x 15 = 75) It is wrong to believe that science has totally eclipsed literature with its inspiring zeal. That literature plays a subordinate role to science is equally untrue. Nevertheless, it is undeniable that science has comparatively a wider range for its impact on the physical world than literature. But that does not mean that literature has been incorporated in the realm of science to the extent that it loses its distinct individuality. The reality is that both co-exist without the one overshadowing the other, Those who think that science has pushed literature into shade reducing it to a non-entity seem to be simply imaginative and illogical in the comparisons of their respective merits. It is no doubt unquestionable that products of science are of greater material value than those which make an emotional appeal, e.g., a bridge is of greater use to the public than a poem. But thereby one should not ignore the importance of a poem which will continue to appeal to human mind for time to come. It is indisputable that a scientific theory like the one propounded by Einstein is not without its philosophical import as it lays its impress on the future growth of literature. But to be effective in this respect, science should unfold its principles by appealing to human emotions and not through crude and concrete material facts. Darwin’s theory of Natural Selection in its exposition of the evolution of man by appeal to emotions and imagination of men has been conducive to the growth of nineteenth century literature. Mans emotional attitudes to life and vicissitudes of his fortune are colored not only by his inherited instincts and faith in his fate but also by his hope in point of longevity of life and betterment of future prospects. Oriented by a scientific theory, they give a colour to literature. Literature feeds the emotional and imaginative hunger of man in this perspective science will not oust literature but enrich it by its impact on human life. Science can provide amenities of life for human comfort Page 29 of 58
UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 2005 but fails to lend or impart spiritual pleasure Delight that literature instills in man far transcends the comforts which science provides. (a) What is the basic contribution of science to humankind? (b) What aspect of human life is fulfilled by works of literature? (c) How have Darwin’s and Einstein’s theories proved conducive to the growth of literature? (d) How is science friendly and not hostile to the growth of literature? (e) Briefly enumerate the key ideas in the passage. 3. Make a precis of the following passage in your own words in about 220 to 240 words. Marks will he deducted if the precis is not written on the separate precis sheets provided and if it is longer or shorter than the prescribed limit. State the number of words used by you in the precis at its end and securely fasten the precis-sheets inside the answer-book. (75) Gautama, the Buddha, has suffered as much as anyone from critics without a sense of history. He has been cried up, and cried down, with an equal lack of historical imagination”. Buddhism came to be widely known in the west in the latter part of the 19th century when a wave of scepticism spread over the world as a result of the growth of science and enlightenment. Positivism, agnosticism atheism and ethical humanism found wide support. In much of the literature of doubt and disbelief, the name of Buddha is mentioned with respect. The humanists honour him as one of the earliest protagonists of their cause- the happiness the dignity, and the mental integrity of mankind. Those who declare that man cannot know reality and others who affirm that there is no reality to know, use his name. Agnostics quote his example. Social idealists, ethical mystic’s rationalist prophets are all attracted by his teaching. Great as is the value of the Buddha’s teaching for our age, we cannot hope to understand its true significance without reference to the environment in which he lived. This effort of historical imagination is not easy. To view the Buddha as a thinker of the sixth century B.C., living, moving and teaching in its peculiar conditions, is a task of extreme difficulty and delicacy; and the work of reconstruction can never be complete. But we may be reasonably certain that it yields a picture which in its main outlines, at least, must correspond fairly well to the reality. The supremacy of the ethical is the clue to the teaching of the Buddha. His conceptions of life and the universe are derived from his severely practical outlook. The existence of everything depends on a cause. If we remove the cause, the effect will disappear. If the source of all suffering is destroyed, suffering will disappear. The only way in which we can remove the cause of suffering is by purifying the heart and following the moral law. Man is not divine but is to become divine. His divine status is something to be built up by good thoughts, good words, and good deeds. The ego consists of the feelings that burn us, of the passions we brood over, of the desires that hunt us and of the decisions we make. These are the things that give life its dramatic character. There is nothing absolute and permanent in them. That is why we can become something different from what we are. The reality of the person is the creative will. When we deny the clamour of emotions, stay the stream of things, silence the appetites of body, we feel the power of self within our own being. For the Buddha, the impulse to dharma, to justice and kindliness is operative in things, and its efficient activity will mean the reduction of disorder, cruelty and oppression. Dharma is organic to existence and its implication of karma or right action is the builder of the world. There is not in the Buddha’s teaching that deep personal loyalty, passion of love, and intimate dialogue between Page 30 of 58
UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 2005 soul and soul resembling closely in its expression of earthly love. And yet the essence of religion, the vision of a reality which stands beyond and within the passing flux of immediate things, the intuitive loyalty to something larger than and beyond oneself, and absolute active in the world, is in him. We find in Gautama, the Buddha, in powerful combination, spiritual profundity and moral strength of the highest order and a discreet intellectual reserve. He is one of those rare spirits who bring to men a realization of their own divinity and make the spiritual life seem adventurous and attractive, so that they may go forth into the world with a new interest and a new joy of heart. While his great intellect and wisdom gave him comprehension of the highest truth, his warm heart led him to devote his life to save from sorrow suffering humanity. The greatness of his personality, his prophetic zeal, and burning love for suffering humanity made a deep impression on those with whom he lived; but his true greatness stands out clearer and brighter as the ages pass, and even the sceptical minded are turning to him with a more real appreciations a deeper reverence and a truer worship. He is one of those few heroes of humanity who have made epochs in the history of our race, with a message for other times as well as their own. 4. (a) Correct the following sentences: (10) (i) Too great a variety of studies destruct the mind. (ii) The whole fleet of their ships were captured (iii) Each of these students have done their work. (iv) None but fools has ever believed it. (v) He is one of the cleverest boys that has passed through the school. (vi) My friend, philosopher and guide have come. (vii) The majority are opposed to this proposal. (viii) He told me that he saw his father last month. (ix) If he would have worked hard, he would have passed the examination. (x) Unless he will be more careful, he will not recover. (b) Add the suffix ‘able’ or ‘ible’ to each of the following words making necessary changes in spelling. Write out the “new” words. (10) (i) Advice (ii) Contempt (iii) Force (iv) Access (v) Value (vi) Reduce (vii) Discern (viii) Agree (ix) Detach (x) Reverse (c) Use the following phrases in your own sentences so as to bring out their meaning: (5) (i) Apple of discord (ii) A bolt from the blue (iii) A feather in one’s cap Page 31 of 58
UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 2006 (iv) Achilles’ heel (v) A man of letters 5. (a) Which of the two words within brackets in the following sentences is correct in the context? (10) (i) Poets often (sore, soar) to great heights of imagination. (ii) Knowledge (proceeds, proceeds) from the Goddess of Learning. (iii) The tower was struck by (lightning, lightening) and fell down. (iv) Kanpur lies on the air (rout, route) to Calcutta. (v) Everyone is (jealous, zealous) of him. (vi) The crocodile emerged from the river and (seized, ceased) a goat. (vii) He was found in (collusion, collision) with the plotters. (viii) Wicked persons are not (illegible, eligible) for responsible posts. (ix) He is a man of (lose, loose) character. (x) The Emperor is staying at the royal (mansion, mention). (b) Use each of the following words in two separate sentences, first as a noun and then as a verb: (10) (i) Book (ii) Bare (iii) Clam (iv) Drive (v) Face (c) Change the following sentences into Indirect Speech: (10) (i) He said, “I am too ill to speak now.” (ii) The policeman said to the man, “Where are you going?” (iii) She said to her children, “Let me work undisturbed.” (iv) He said to the students, “Do not sit here.” (v) He said, “May god pardon the sinner.”
2006 1. Write an essay in about 300 words on any one of the following: (100) (a) Social Impact of Black Money (b) Women Combat Forces (c) Internet as Virtual Library (d) Fashion Boom in India (e) Are we Aggressive and Rude People? 2. Read the passage carefully and write your answers to the following questions in clear, correct and concise language (5 x 15 = 75) There is no reason to believe that there are fundamental differences between the East and the West. Human beings are everywhere human and hold the same deepest values. The differences which are, no doubt, significant, are related to external, temporary social conditions and are alterable with them. East and West are relative terms. They are geographical expressions and not cultural types. The differences among countries Page 32 of 58
UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 2006 like China, Japan and India are quite as significant as those among European or American countries. Specific cultural patterns with distinctive beliefs and habits developed in different regions in relative isolation from one another. There were periods when China and India were pre-eminent in cultural affairs, others when Western nations became dominant. For the last four centuries Western nations aided by scientific development have dominated the East. The world has now reached a state of inter-communication. All societies are fast becoming industrialized and new sets of values are springing up. We are called upon to participate in the painful birth of a new civilization. If we are to live together in peace we must develop international cooperation and understanding. It is for the political leaders to determine the practical steps by which the sources of power and communication now available to us can be used for closer cooperation and friendliness among the people of the world. No political understanding can be made permanent without understanding at the cultural level. Apart from its intrinsic importance, such understanding contributes to the enrichment of human experience. Facile generalizations are made by philosophers of history which are highly misleading. Hegel in his Lectures on the philosophy of History says that ‘Persia is the land of light; Greece the land of grace; India the land of dream; Rome the land of Empire,’ (a) What does the passage say about cultural differences in different regions? (b) What comments does the author make about the similarities and dissimilarities between the East and the West? (c) What, according to the passage, is the role of communication in building up a new civilization? (d) How will cultural understanding at the international level benefit human societies? (e) Why does the author call the statements of Hegel ‘facile generalization’? 3. Make a precis of the following passage keeping the length within the limits of 230-240 words. It is not necessary to suggest a title. Failure to write within the word limit may result in deduction of marks. The precis must be written on the separate precis sheets provided for the purpose that must then be securely fastened inside the answer book. Clearly state the number of words in the precis at the end. (75) We all show our feelings on issues by the way we look and react. This has been referred to as body language. We tend to lean forward, hand on chin when we are interested, or turn away when disinterested. Our hands and arms can indicate we are open to what is being said by being relaxed, or show that we are not by being clenched or crossed. We are, therefore, making body pictures of what we feel and think all the time. Indeed people who are taking to us can often get as much information from our body posture as from what we say of how we say it. We might calmly but show we are anxious by moving from foot to foot or by blushing. It is hard to control one’s behavioural reactions, for it is more of a stimulus response reaction than the words we use. Nevertheless through training it is feasible to portray the image you want to others. With the advent of television as a major political medium there is a lot of effort going into grooming representatives of organizations and particularly chief executives to control their gestures and gesticulations. All this may sound as if you need to be a good actor in order to be successful at conversation control. The answer is, in one sense you do. There is no use in saying one thing and doing another. The actual visual behaviour of shaking your head, for example while saying yes will deafen the words. Those who are effective at conversation control act in a congruent way. Their behaviour matches their words. You can see they mean what they say. Page 33 of 58
UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 2006 They present an authentic picture because their visuals match their verbals. With practice it is possible to improve performance in conversation without adding any more words. The improvement can come because you improve your visual gestures and gesticulations. For example, you can encourage another person by smiling when he/she says something that pleases you. Indeed the smile is a very powerful gesture. It can switch people ‘on and off’ if done at the appropriate time. Psychologists refer to the laws of conditioning and reinforcement. To be skilled in conversation control you need to know and apply these laws. Conditioning means having an effect on someone’s behaviour by introducing a condition that either encourages or discourages that behaviour. For example, we have all been conditioned to stop when we see a red light at a traffic intersection, and to proceed if we see a green light. People can be conditioned in conversation by such visual cues. For example if you want someone to continue talking, smile and nod at regular intervals. The smile sets up the green light permission as a condition for the other person to speak. The nod reinforces what is being said and gives the unspoken permission to continue. People are very sensitive to such permission cues and clues. If you stop smiling and head nodding, they will usually stop and you can then contribute. Likewise you can influence the attention of people with whom you are talking by the way you use your eyes and hands, particularly when you are addressing a group. To exercise control it is important to make eye contact with one or more people. If it is a group, move your eye contact from time to time so that each person is being conditioned to the fact that it could be their turn next for you to speak to them. Body language and the gestures and gesticulations you make are key aspects of conversation control. Many books have been written on the subject of how our body very often tells others what we are thinking before we have spoken. The visual clues get through much more quickly than the verbal ones. Also use your hands to emphasize a point or get them to direct the listener’s gaze where you want it to concentrate. The pointed finger or the open palm tells the story. Our task is to line up what we say with what we do and vice versa, if you do clench your fist and are angry, then your words should reflect this. If you are relaxed, happy and smiling, they say no. (words: 705) 4. (a) Rewrite the following sentences after making necessary correction of errors: (10) (i) Neither percept nor dscipline are so forceful as example. (ii) Do you know if there is a house for letting in the neighbourhood. (iii) Who you said was coming to see me in the morning? (iv) He was finding it increasingly difficult to mike his two ends meet. (v) The poor people of the village buy neither vegetables nor grow them, (vi) On entering the hail, the humber of visitors surprised me (vii) The short story should not exceed more than two hundred words. (viii) Before giving the mixture to the child shake it thoroughly. (ix) Nothing has or could be more tragic than his death. (x) The reason that the students these days are so undisciplined is that they do not get any guidance from their parents. (b) Fill in the blanks with appropriate preposition/particle and rewrite the completed sentences: (5) (i) I told him that he could not catch a big fish __________ a small rod. (ii) He was taken __________ task for shortage in cash balance. (iii) The father pulled ___________ his son for his extravagant habits. Page 34 of 58
UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 2006 (iv) He is so clever, it is difficult to see __________ his tricks. (v) I have been invited by my friend __________ tea. (c) Choose the appropriate verb form to fill in the blanks and rewrite the sentences: (5) (i) The efficiency of a plant ________ by the load it can take. (A) knows (B) is known (C) has been known (D) has known (ii) Everyday last week my aunt _______ a plate. (A) breaks (B) was broken (C) broke (D) has broken (iii) If I _________ one more question, I would have passed. (A) had answered (B) would have answered (C) would answer (D) has broken (iv) He promised _______________ me a post in his department. (A) to have given (B) having given (C) have given (D) to give (v) Please don’t ______________ when you go out. (A) leave opening the door (B) leave the door open (C) Leave the door opened (D) leave open the door (d) Change the following sentences into Indirect Speech: (5) (i) He said, “I will not approve of such a behaviour in future.” (ii) He said on the telephone, “We kept on doing our work till late night.” (iii) She said, “As your mother is ill, you must go home at once.” (iv) Ram said to Sita, “Do you intend to come with me to the forest?” (v) The child said to the Sherpa, “Why didn’t you choose to climb to the Moon?” 5. (a) Fill in the blank with an appropriate derivative of the word given within brackets & rewrite the sentences: (10) For example: It has been raining (continue) continuously for two days. (i) She had few rights but all the (responsible) _______ of her work. (ii) Women chose not to vote (machine) ____________ at the bidding of their men folk. (iii) In South Africa, certain areas are (exclude) __________ meant for white people. (iv) The Pathans of the Frontier are (descend) __________ of Genghis Khan. (v) The court ordered him a heavy fine and (prison) ____________ of 3 years. (vi) India lodged a complaint with Pakistan for (courage) ________ terrorism in Kashmir. (vii) Candidates with Graduate degrees in (Human) _________and Arts prefer office jobs. (viii) Despite ne call for ceasefire, the war continued (abate) __________. (ix) A creative person is known for his (source) ___________ and flexibility. (x) The police could not control the situation as the protesters (number) _________ them manifold.
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UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 2007 (b) Make sentences using the following words as directed so as to bring out the meaning: 10 (i) Pitch (as noun and verb) (ii) Mirror (as noun and verb) (iii) Humble (as adjective and verb) (iv) In (as adverb and preposition) (c) Use the following phrases/idioms in sentences so as to bring out the meaning: (5) (i) bell the cat (ii) thank one’s stars (iii) be on tenterhooks (iv) true to one’s salt colours (v) come ant with flying
2007 1. Write an essay in about 300 words on any one of the following: (100) (a) Heritage Tourism is Good for Us (b) Importance of a Work-Ethic (c) Should Mercy-Killing be Legalized for Terminally ill Patients? (d) The Culture of Modesty (e) “Eternal Vigilance is the Price of Liberty”. 2. Read the passage carefully and write your answers to the following questions in clear, correct and concise language: (5 x 15 = 75) An educated man should know what is first-rate in those activities which spring from the creative and intellectual faculties of human nature, such as literature, art, architecture and music. I should like to add science and philosophy, but in these two subjects it is difficult for any but the expert to estimate quality, and many educated people have not the close knowledge necessary to judge their real worth. On the other hand everyone has close and daily contact with the other four. Architecture surrounds him in every city, literature meets him on every book-stall, music assails his ears on his radio set and from every juke-box; and art in its protean aspects of form and colour is a part of daily life. The architecture may often be bad, the literature and music often puerile, the art often undeserving of the name; but that is all the more reason why we should be able, in all of them, to distinguish good from bad. To judge by the literature offered us in hotel book-stands, and by most of the music played on the radio and by jukeboxes we might be more discriminating in these fields than we are if it be said that music and art and literature are not essentials of life but. its frills, I would reply that if so, it is curious that they are among the few immortal things in the world, and that should a man wish to be remembered two thousand years hence, the only certain way is to write a great poem or book, compose a great symphony, paint a great picture, carve a great sculpture, or build a great building. (a) What is it that is necessary for an educated person to know? (b) Why does the author exclude science and philosophy from it? (c) What makes it practically easy for an educated man to be able to know literature, art, architecture and Page 36 of 58
UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 2007 music? (d) How does exposure to ordinary literature and music help us? (e) What is the author’s argument to prove that music, art and literature are essentials of life? 3. Make a précis of the following passage keeping the length within the limits of 230-240 words. It is not necessary to suggest a title. Failure to write within the word limit may result in deduction of marks. The précis must be written on the separate précis sheets provided for the purpose that must then be securely fastened inside the answer book. (75) What part should reading play in our lives? It should certainly not be a substitute for action, not for independent thinking, nor for conversation; but it may be a help and stimulant to action; thought and talk; and it is capable of providing almost infinite pleasure. There on our bookshelves or on summons from a library are wits, wisdom, adventure, romance from all ages and from all over the world. Is there any wonder that our eyes sometimes stray wistfully to the bookshelves and away from a dull visitor, or that we shirk a tiresome duty for an exciting book? Books or people? Reading or conversation, listening in to a broadcast or watching a television programme? Which is the better way to gain knowledge or to spend your leisure? Some fortunate people seem always to find time for both and to enjoy both almost equally. My great friend, Arthur Wanchope, a fine soldier, an able administrator and a very gifted personality, was a constant reader; yet always ready to lay aside a book for talk. The advantages of reading over talk are, of course, many. We can select the book that suits our mood, can go at our own pace, skip or turn back whereas we cannot turn over two pages of a tedious companion or close him or her, with a bang. But reading too has its own drawbacks. It lacks the human touch, the salt of life, and is therefore a dangerous substitute for thought or action. Bacon in one of his essays observes that reading maketh a full man; conference (that is talking) a ready man; and writing an exact man. One would like to be full of knowledge, ready in speech and exact by training. What short of books have impressed me and what books have found a permanent place on my bookshelves? To begin with my profession-soldiering. I do not believe that soldiering, a practical business, in which human nature is the main element, can be learnt from text-books. But for those who have grasped the principles of war and have understood that the human factor is the most important element in it. There is military reading that is quite fascinating and valuable. Real and re-read the campaigns of the great commanders, said Napoleon. I would venture to put it differently and would say that the lives and characters of the great commanders are what students of war should examine, since their campaigns are only incidents in them; and that the behaviour of leaders and of their men in the field is the real subject for study. In my general reading history, biography and travel occupy a prominent place; and since I have spent a considerable proportion of my life in the East there are a good number of volumes on India and the Middle East. There is plenty of poetry on my shelves and a good deal of it is in my head. Poetry should dance in the mind, and blow one a kiss; or gallop to adventure with a cheer; or whisper gently of things past; not shuffle or slouch past with dark incomprehensible mutterings. Perhaps I am getting old, anyway I prefer the old poets.
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UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 2007 Lastly comes what is sometimes called ‘escapist literature, the books we read with no other aim, than to rest or amuse the mind; to forget the day’s chores and the morrow’s anxieties. This is perhaps the most pleasant form of reading for most, and I suspect the only form of reading for many. The volume chosen may either be a thriller or soother — a thriller to bring sense of adventure into the dull daily routine or a soother to rest tired nerves. Our grandfathers in their leisurely days were content with the stately, comfortable three volume novel, but that had passed before the beginning of this century. You will choose your books as you choose your friends, with taste and discrimination; I hope; because they can tell you something of your profession and interests, because they are wise and helpful, because they can stir your blood with tales of adventure, or because they are gay and witty. I can only wish you will get as much pleasure from them as I get from my books. (Words: 703) 4. (a) Rewrite the following sentences after making necessary correction of errors: (10) (i) The Greeks were brave peoples. (ii) His hat was blown off by the strong air. (iii) I am the one who am to blame. (iv) We should sympathies with blind. (v) I’d rather play cricket and not swim. (vi) Walking through the front door a wasp stung him. (vii) Two plus nine are eleven. (viii) I have built the house in 1960. (ix) Their wedding has not been a very happy one. (x) Choose only such friends whom you can trust. (b) Rewrite the following sentences, inserting suitable articles where necessary: (5) (i) What kind of ______ animals is it? (ii) He will return in _____ hour. (iii) He is ______ richest man in our street. (iv) Gold is not ______ useful metal. (v) While there is ______ life there is hope. (c) Form Verbs from the following Nouns: (5) (i) Courage (ii) Memory (iii) Prison (iv) Class (v) Friend (d) Put the verbs in bracket in the correct tense and rewrite the following: (5) India (have) many calendars which Indians (use) since very early times. More than thirty (be) still in use. One difficulty about having so many calendars (be) that the same date (fall) on different days according to each. 5. (a) Use each of the following words in two separate sentences, first as a Noun and then as a Verb: (10) (i) Bank (ii) Battle Page 38 of 58
UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 2008 (iii) Bite (iv) Brave (v) Brush (b) Change the following sentences into their corresponding (a) Negatives and (b) Questions: (10) (i) Ram resembles his father. (ii) Raju studies French. (iii) The bicycle costs Rs. 500. (iv) The thief broke the window open. (v) My mother has a beautiful umbrella. (c) Use the following phrases/idioms in sentences so as to bring out the meaning: (5) (i) The Lion’s share (ii) Close shave (iii) At daggers drawn (iv) (To) die in harness (v) (To) eat one’s words
2008 Not available in TXT/HTML form. Although you can download the scanned question paper by right clicking me >Save as
2009 Q 1. Write an essay in about 300 words on any one of the following: (100 Marks) (a) Why are our farmers committing suicide? (b) Ragging: should it be distinguished from brutality or criminality? (c) “Sweet are the uses of adversity.” (d) Reforms of sports bodies in our country (e) Alternative sources of energy for our country Q 2. Read carefully the passage below and write your answers to the questions that follow, in clear, correct and concise language: (5×15=75 Marks) The altogether new thing in the world then was the scientific method of research, which in that period of Galileo, Kepler, Descartes, Harvey and Francis Bacon was advancing with enormous strides. All walls, all the limitations, all the certainties of the ages were in dissolution, tottering. In fact this epoch, in which we are participating still, with continually opening vistas, can be compared in magnitude and promise only to that of the 8th to the 4th millenniums B.C. : of the birth of civilization in the Near East, when the inventions of food production, grain agriculture and stockbreeding, released mankind from the primitive condition or foraging and so made possible an establishment of soundly grounded communities: first villages, then towns, then Page 39 of 58
UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 2009 cities, kingdoms, and empires. Leo Frobenius wrote of that age as the Monumental Age, and of the age now dawning as the Global : “In all previous ages, only restricted portions of the surface of the earth were known. Men looked out from the narrowest, upon a somewhat larger neighbourhood, and beyond that, a great unknown. They were all, so to say, insular: bound in. Whereas our view is confined no longer to a spot of space on the surface of this earth. It surveys the whole of the planet. And this fact, this lack of horizon, is something new.” “It is chiefly to the scientific method of research that this release of mankind is due, and every developed individual has been freed from the once protective but now dissolved horizons of the local land, local moral code, local modes of group thought and sentiment. Not only in the sciences but in every department of life the will and courage to credit one’s own senses and to honor one’s own decisions, to name one’s own virtues and to claim one’s own vision of truth, have been the generative forces of the new age. There is a growing realization even in the moral field that all Judgments are (to use Nietzsche’s words) “human, all too human,” 1. What is the “epoch in which we are participating still”? 2. In what way is it comparable to the period of the 8th to the 4th millenniums B.C.? 3. What is meant by the new “lack of horizon”? 4. What do you think is implied by “all the certainties of the ages” that were “in dissolution” during the period of Galileo and his fellow scientists? 5. What is the new freedom we have found, and why does it require courage? Q 3. Make a précis of the following passage in about 235 words. It is not necessary to suggest a title. Failure to write within the word limit may result in deduction of marks. The précis must be written on the separate précis sheets provided, which must then be fastened securely inside the answer book. (75 Marks) There are, of course, many motivating factors in human behaviour, but we would claim that nationalism is particularly worthy of study. Why is it particularly significant? Its significance lies in its power to arouse passionate loyalties and hatreds that motivate acts of extreme violence and courage; people kill and die for their nations. Of course it is not alone in this: people are driven to similar extremes to protect their families, their extended families or ‘tribes’, their home areas with their populations; and their religious groups and the holy places and symbols of their religions. However, these other loyalties are often rather easier to understand than nationalism. Parents making supreme sacrifices for their children can be seen as obeying a universal imperative in life forms, the instinct to protect one’s own genetic material. This instinct can also be seen at work in the urge to protect one’s extended family; but then the extended family, or on a slightly larger scale the ‘tribe’, can also be seen, in perhaps the majority of circumstances in which human beings have existed, as essential for the survival of the individual and the nuclear family. The nation is not generally essential to survival in this way. Of course, if the entire nation were to be wiped out, the individuals and their families would die, but the disappearance of the nation as a social unit would not in itself pose a threat to individual or family survival: only if it were to be accompanied by ethnic violence or severe economic collapse would it be life-threatening, and such cataclysmic events are not an inevitable consequence of the loss of political independence. Conversely, there is no logical connection between the gaining of political independence by a subject nation and increased life chances for its citizens. In many, perhaps the vast majority, of modern nations there is likewise no evidence that in defending the nation one is defending one’s own genetic material; the notion that the citizens of modem nations are kinsfolk, while the citizens of Page 40 of 58
UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 2009 (potentially) hostile neighbours are aliens, makes no sense in view of the highly varied genetic make-up of most modern populations,’ Devotion to one’s religious group, like support for one’s nation, is much less obviously to the individual’s advantage than is defence of the family, but we would maintain that it can be more comprehensible than nationalism. It can be seen in ideological terms as the defence of a world view and its symbols, against rival world views, which are considered to be fundamentally erroneous and which, if successful, would force the conquered to act in ways abhorrent to their beliefs. While the defence of one’s nation has often been seen as the defence of one’s religion, and while modern hostilities between nations frequently do have a religious dimension, there are many serious national conflicts that have no clear religious element; the two world wars were fought in Europe with Catholic France, Protestant Britain, and Orthodox Russia opposing Germany with its mixed Catholic and Protestant population. Thus, while modern nationalisms may be linked to religion, many cases can be found without any clear religious dimension. Not only do modern nationalisms lack a religious element: there is often (to outsiders) no obvious ideological difference between rival nations. Hence, while defence of one’s religion can be seen as defence of an entire system of beliefs, a world view, it is difficult in many cases to claim that this is true of the defence of one’s nation. There is in fact a good case for seeing nations as ‘imagined communities’, and such would be the view of some commentators. Such imagined communities could not, of course, exist unless they fulfilled a need. We can postulate that the need to belong to a community of some kind is a fundamental human characteristic, and that nations have arisen to fulfil this need, as earlier more primary communities – local, ‘tribal’, and religious – have lost their significance through economic and social change. But why should this need be fulfilled by nations, rather than some other type of unit? There is strong support in the literature for a view of nations as products of particular social and economic conditions operating from around the mid-eighteenth century, as products of ‘modernization’. Q 4. Answer as directed: (25 Marks) (a) Rewrite the following sentences after making necessary corrections: (10 Marks) 1. The bear had a ring on it’s nose. 2. This shirt is too lose for me. 3. This coat looks a bit small – l’d like to try on it. 4. Let’s listen the music. 5. Do you know what is the answer? 6. The weather today is too good. 7. I saw him yesterday only. 8. Who you want to see? 9. The ice cream’s good – may I please have little more? 10. His office is quite opposite to my house. (b) Supply the missing words: (5 Marks) 1. The shopkeeper refused to bargain————- the customer. 2. He did not be believe ————– bargaining. 3. He had already decided ———–a fair price.
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UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 2009 4. The customer was looking ———— a bargain. 5. They argued —————- the price for a long time. (c) Use the correct form of the verb in brackets: (5 Marks) 1. I do not usually————– an umbrella but today I’m————- one. (CARRY) 2. She never ————- about her children. (WORRY) 3. That child always ————when he has a bath. Listen, he’s———– now. (CRY) (d) Form the opposites of these words by adding a prefix: (5 Marks) 1. do —————2. credible —————3. ambiguous —————4. lawful —————5. legal —————Q 5. Answer as directed: (25 Marks) (a) Combine the following sentences using too——to (5 Marks) 1. The coffee was hot. We could not drink it. 2. You are now old. You cannot continue to work. 3. The child was very small. It could not walk. 4. This book is heavy. I cannot carry it. 5. She was shocked. She did not react. (b) Rewrite these sentences so that they begin with the word it. (5 Marks) 1. To talk like that is silly. 2. To hear your voice was good. 3. To tell the truth is essential. 4. To have friends is better than money. 5. To think for yourself is difficult. (c) Combine these sentences using one of the words although, but, yet, so or because. Use each word once. (5 Marks) 1. They were tired. They worked late into the night. 2. He slept early. He woke up late. 3. He was on medication. He felt drowsy.
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UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 2010 4. She was very angry. She said nothing. 5. The engine stopped. It had heated up. (d) Combine the following sentences using enough to. (5 Marks) 1. The wind was strong. It could blow people away. 2. The print was clear. We could read it easily. 3. It was hot. We could cook food with the sun’s rays. 4. You are old. You should know better. 5. The essay was good. It earned full marks. (e) Rewrite these sentences, using a form of the word get and a suitable preposition or prepositions instead of the word(s) underlined. (5 Marks) 1. Has the company recovered from its losses? 2. I’d like to continue with my cooking now, if I may. 3. How do you manage with so little to eat? 4. Did you establish a connection with New York on the telephone? 5. Put the milk away where the cat can’t reach it.
2010 write an essay in about 300 words any 1 of the following. 100 mks. increasing consumerism in the middle class in India are traditional forms of protest no longer effective? The nuclear civil liability bill To feed our increasing population , forest areas need to be cleared to increase land area available for cultivation. Do you agree? Need to check politicization of sports bodies in India 2. read the following passage carefully & based on it, answer the questions given below it in clear , correct & concise language. 5×15 = 75 according to the findings of recent government survey there are an estimated of 3.3 million registered NGOs working in the country – one for every 400 Indians . not only has the number of NGOs in India risen dramatically but so has their influence. In some of India’s flagship development efforts – the national rural employment guarantee act, the national rural health mission, the right to education or even the draft right to food act – NGOs have been at forefront both in formulating in these laws & policies & in implementing them. NGOs have helped voice the concerns of some of the India’s most vulnerable groups & focus the attention of the government on critical, social & development issues. They have also spearheaded efforts to expose corruption & maladministration in government bringing in much needed transparency. But despite the growing influence of NGOs in India today, we know very little about them, their structure, activities, sources of funding & more importantly, how accountable they are to the people they represent. This is alarming given the crores of rupees in development aid that NGOs receive from the government & Page 43 of 58
UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 2010 from donors every year. Ironically, though NGOs have been watchdogs of the government for many years there has been little regulation or monitoring of their own activities. Leading many to ask a very fundamental question : who watches the watchers? Interestingly , although India has probably the world’s highest NGOs population , the debate on NGO accountability is still in its nascent stages. Across the world NGOs have been experimenting with different ways of addressing the issue of accountability ; Indian NGOs would do well by learning from these efforts . for example , NGOs in Kenya are legally required to comply with code of conduct for NGOs developed by the national council of NGOs a self regulatory body set up under the NGO coordination act in 1990. the code ensures that NGOs comply with basic ethical & governance standards. Similarly in Uganda, the NGO quality assurance mechanism (QuAM) certifies NGO against a set of quality standards designed to ensure NGO credibility. In chile, chile transparent has developed transparency standards for NGOs which require organizations to establish online information about their mission , vision, activities, staff, details of funding etc. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
what are India’s important development schemes? how do NGOs help ‘vulnerable groups’ in India? what do we know about structure , activities & sources of funding of NGOs in India? whom does authors describes as watchers? Why? how do the NGOs in other nations deal with the issue of accountability?
3. make a precise of the following passage in about 210 – 230 words . failure to write within the stipulated word limit may result in deduction of marks. The precise must be written on the separate precise sheets provided which must be then fastened securely inside the answer book. 75 mks. In many respects sakuntala is comparable to the more idyllic comedies of Shakespeare, & kanva’s hermitage is surely not far from the forest of arden. The plot of the play, like many of the Shakespeare plot, depends much on happy chances & on the super-natural , which, of course, was quite acceptable to the audience for which kalidasa wrote. Its characters , even to the minor ones , are happily delineated individuals . kalidasa makes no pretence to realism, but his dialogue is fresh & vigorous . in fact the dialogue of the better Sanskrit plays generally seems based on vernacular, & is full of idiomatic expressions. Indian playgoers did not demand the conflict of feelings & emotions which is the chief substance of serious European drama , but kalidasa was quite capable of portraying such conflict effectively. His beauties & merits are tarnished by any translation, but few who can read him in the original would doubt that, both as poet & dramatist , he was one of the great men of the world. There were many other dramatist . sudraka , probably kalidasa’s approximate contemporary , has left only one play “the little clay cart” (Mricchakatika) . this is the most realistic of Indian dramas , unraveling a complicated story , rich in humor & pathos & crowded with action , of the love of a poor Brahman , carudutta, for the virtuous courtesan vasantasena; this story is interwoven with one of political intrigue, leading up to the overthrow of the wicked king palaka, & the play contains a vivid trial scene, after which the hero is saved from execution at the last moment. It is notable for its realistic depiction of city life , & for its host of minor characters, all of whom are drawn with skill & individuality. It has more than once been Page 44 of 58
UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 2010 performed in translation on the European stage, &, to a western audience, is certainly the most easily appreciated of Indian plays. Vishakadutta was the dramatist of politics. His only complete surviving play, “the ministers signet ring” (mudrarakshasa) deals with the schemes of the wily chanakya to foil the plots of rakshasa, the minister of the last of the nandas, & to place chandragupta maurya firmly on the throne. The plot is exceedingly complicated , but is worked out with great skill , & play is beautifully constructed to lead up, like “the little clay cart” , to a pathetic scene where one of the chief characters is saved from death by impalement at the last movement . Second only to kalidasa in the esteem of the critics was bhavabhuti , who lived at kanyakubja in the early 8th c. three of his plays – malati & madhava , deeds of the great hero (mahaviracharita) & the later deeds of rama (uttararamacharita). The first is the love story with the pseudo-realistic background , full of incident of an exciting or horrific type, in which the heroine is more than one rescued from death , while the two latter plays tell the story of rama . by western standards as a dramatist bhavabhuti falls short of those we have mentioned earlier . his plots are weakly constructed & his characters lack individuality. His greatness rests on his deep understanding of sorrow; in his treatment of the pathetic & the terrible he perhaps excels kalidasa. 4.a. rewrite the following sentences after making necessary corrections , if any: 10 . i. ii. iii. iv. v. vi. vii. viii. ix. x.
I live half of a mile from here. do you like music? I like. do you like some more coffee he worked like a waiter for two years. like what does she look? I know him since 1960. I wasn’t use to drive big car. he suggested me to try the main car park I have never met so nice person too many mathematics is taught in schools.
b. rewrite the following sentences inserting suitable article(s) , wherever necessary. 5 mks i. my grandfather has hard life ii. she hit him in stomach iii. queen had dinner with president vi. my friend is in hospital. c. rewrite the following sentences inserting suitable prepositions in the blank spaces. 5 i. I am angry ________ her _______ lying. ii. I was red ________ at his remarks iii. could you explain this rule ________ me please? vi. people have always been kind ________ me. d. give the antonyms of the following adjectives. 5 Page 45 of 58
UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 2010 i. common ii. loyal iii. formal iv. mature v. sensitive. 5.answer as directed. a. rewrite the following using passive structure. 5 i. she gave her sister the car ii. I had already shown the suspect’s photograph to the policewomen iii. they believe him to be dangerous iv. they made him tell them everything v. they elected me president. b. change the following sentence into indirect speech. 5 i. he wrote in his letter , “ I saw poonam at the theater a couple of days ago”. ii. the forecast says , “it will rain tomorrow” iii. he said to me , “it would be nice if I could see you again”. iv. I said, “if I had any money I’d buy you a drink “ v. the teacher said, “why don’t you work harder?”. c. rewrite the following sentences , changing them into simple ones. 5 i. I wonder who I should invite ii show him what he should do iii she couldn’t decide whether she should answer his letter. iv he dint know where he should park his car. v. tell me why I should pay d. add a question tag at the end of each of the following sentences. 5. i pooja can speak french ii the meeting is at ten iii you dint speak to mohan iv she wouldn’t like a pet v harish gave you a cheque e. rewrite the following sentences using ‘it’ in the beginning as a preparatory subject. 5 i to make mistakes is easy ii to wait for people who were late made him angry iii my ambition was to retire at thirty
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UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 2011 iv your task is to get across the river without being seen v for you to ask ramesh would be a big mistake.
2011 1. Write an essay in about 300 words on any one of the following : 100 (a) The predicaments of Democracy. (b) In India when inflation rises govenance stalls. (c) Modern world’s fears about nuclear energy. (d) Information Technology transforming the Indian Society. (e) Inventions generate necessity. 2. Read carefully the passage below and write your answers to the questions that follow in clear, correct and concise language: ‘Water is the basis of all life. Every animal and every plant contains a substantial proportion of free or combined water in its body, and no kind of physiological activity is possible in which the fluid does not play an essential part. Water is, of course, necessary for animal life. While moisture in the soil is equally imperative for the life and growth of plants and trees. Though the quantity necessary varies enormously with the species. The conservation and utilisation of water is thus fundamental for human welfare. Apart from artesian water the ulimate source in all cases is rain or snowfall. Much of Indian Agriculture depends on seasonal rainfall and is therefore very sensitive to any failure or irregularity of the same. It is clear that the adoption of techniques preventing soil erosion would also help to conserve and keep the water where it is wanted. In other words, on and in the soil, and such techniques therefore serve a double purpose. Its is evident, however that in a country having only a seasonal rainfall an immense quantity of rain-water must be necessarily run off the ground. The collection and utilization of water is therefore of vital importance. Much of it flows down into the streams and rivers and ultimately finds its way to the sea. The harnessing of our rivers. the waters of which now mostly run to waste is a great national problem which must be considered and dealt with on national lines. Closely connected with the conservation of water supplies is the problem of afforestation. The systematic planning of suitable trees in every possible or even in impossible areas and the developement of what one can call civilized forests as distinguished from wild and untamed jungle is one the most urgent needs of India. Such plantation would directly and indirectly prove a source of untold wealth to the country. They would check soil erosion and conserve the rainfall of the country from flowing away to waste and would provide the necessary supplies of cheap fuel and thus stop unnecessary waste of farmyard manure. Questions: 1. Where does the world get water from ? 2. What is the national problem relating to our rivers ? 3. What are the benefits of afforestation ? 4. What is fundamental for human welfare ? 5. What are the advantages of preventing soil erosion ? Page 47 of 58
UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 2011 3. Make a precis of the following passage in about 204 words. It is not necessary to suggest a title. Failure to write within the word limit may result in deduction of marks. The precis must be written on seprate precis sheets provided, which must then be fastened securely inside the answer book. 75 ‘While all the religious teachers tell us that compassion gives us a motive for existence, a guide for action and a reason for courage and help us to diminish the sum of human suffering, in the very name of God, who is all compassion, abominable crimes have been committed in the world. It is not enough to believe in God of love but we must love. The rains that makes the lower plains fertile are formed in the upper layers of the atmosphere. The saints are the masters who are not stained-glass figures, remote and ethereal in their sancity. There is nothing in them, which we would like to spread everywhere in the world. It is there but what it is, we cannot say. It is there in their blood and bones, in the breath of their speech, in the lights and shades of their speech, in the lights and shades of their personalities, a mystery that can be lived but no spoken in words. On the rock of moral law and not on the shifting sands of political or economic expediency can be built a civilized society with individual freedom, social justice and political equality. Truth, freedom and righteousness are essential to peace. The Evangelist tells us how ‘the devil taketh him up into an exceeding high mountain, and showeth him all the kingdoms of the world, and the glory of them. And saith unto him, ‘All these things will I give thee, if thou wilt fall down and worship me’. Then saith Jesus unto him, Get thee hence, Satan; for it is written, Thou shalt worship thy Lord, Thy God and Him alone shalt thou serve’. In the new society we need a new universal religion. By it we mean not a uniform religion but a religion of awareness and love of wisdom and compassion, prajna and karuna. of truth and love. Religion must be cured of their provincialism and made to reveal their universality. This does not mean spiritual vagueness or ambiguity. Tolerance implies an elementary right belonging to the dignity of every man. The right to believe like the right to live a free, unfettered —-is fundamental to the concept of both—-we have had in our country peaceful co-existence of different religions. It is not passive co-existence but an active fellowship, a close inter-relation of the best of different religions. Co-existence is the first step and fraternity is the goal. We have not adhered steadfastly to these ideals and have suffered often. Yet the ideal has been kept in view and support by great leaders like Ram Mohan Roy, Ramakrishna, Tagore and Gandhiji. The view of tolerance is based on the conviction that all transcendental use of the logical categories, all attempt to submit the transcendent to the finite are wrong. Nature and history announce God’s presence but do not disclose his whole nature. Religions are cut off from one another by mutual incomprehensiveness. We are born or trained in certain traditions of religion. Loyalty to tradition does not mean imprisonment within it. We adopt different symbolic representations of the supreme determined by our age, circumstances, upbringing and by narrower loyalties of caste, class, race or nation. Whatever progress we make at the expense of those values is morally wrong. The seers of all religions affirm that the various peoples of the world form a community with a common purpose and a common destiny. It is said that the whole world is the fatherland of a noble soul. The Page 48 of 58
UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 2011 application of this universality of spirit requires us to look upon our common enemies not as monsters of evil but as misled by their obsessions and as capable of change. 4. (a) Rewrite the following sentences after making necessary corrections : 10 1. Saints desire nothing________the society. 2. I regret at the delay in doing this. 3. I congratulate you for your success. 4. Ram as well as Mohan have gone. 5. He has passed order on my application. 6. He is more intelligent than any boy. 7. What will be ensued on this. 8. This is high time that we should change the bike. 9. I did nothing but laughed. 10. I informed him, “Leave the room.” (b) Supply the missing words : 1. The wages of sin ______death. 5 2. I trust______God. 3. I have no fondness_____music. 4. I have no doubt_____your honesty. 5. I am Conscious______my duties. (c) Use the correct forms of the verbs in brackets : 5 1. I remember ______her when she was a little girl. (SEE) 2. You will ______twenty-four hours to consider your decision. (GIVE) 3. Can you hear what he_____? (SAY) (d) Write the opposites of the following : 5 1. Notorious 2. Legitimate 3. Responsible 4. Satisfaction 5. Promotion 5. Answer as directed : (a) Rewrite the following sentences removing ‘too……..to’. 5 1. He is too honest to steal. 2. He is too weak to run. 3. She is too shy to sing. Page 49 of 58
UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 2012 4. He was too shocked to speak. 5. The matter will be too complicated to resolve. (b) Rewrite the following sentences using ‘It’ in the beginning as a subject. 1. To scold the boys would be foolish. 2. Smoking is bad for him. 3. To call after ten was unusual for him. 4. Keeping the windows open on the roadside does not look decent. 5. To play games on sundays is not allowed.
2012 Q1. Write Essay on any one (300 words) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Indian women in international sports. Cultivation of organic foods Foreign Direct Investment om retail – boon or bane? How effective are our system and institutions in dealing with disasters? Food Security – legislation and implementation.
Q2. Reading Comprehension Oratory demands enthusiasm, which can spring only in an earnest soul; and neither beauty of composition not graceful delivery can compensate for want of passion. To be able to interest people without tiring them in a prime test of oratory. It is a gift that me draw valuable aid from such natural advantages as a noble figure, handsome countenance, and pleasant voice,. But there has been no lack of eminent orators of ungainly mien at any time. Few have equaled Sir Robert Peel in skilful management of the House of Commons, but he often assumed very undignified postures standing with his hands behind his coat tails, or thumbs buried in the pockets of his waistcoat, and threw one leg over the other in attitudes of nonchalance. The composition of his speeches was slovenly and they were noted for the disorder of their contents, Oliver Cromwell was one of the most influential speakers of his day, but he rarely wore clean linen and his voice was “harsh and untuneable.” The indispensable requisite of oratory is a mind well-stored with knowledge and information, sound reasoning, wit and humour, vehemence, fire, and imaginative insight all conducive to enhance the power of eloquence; but the same speakers are not able to make the same impression in all places, not secure the same effect at all times. The pinnacle of triumph of oratory is reached when a speaker is able to magnetise his hearers into thinking as he thinks, and feeling as he feels. When Sheridan has concluded his famous speech in Parliament on the “Begum Charge”, so great was the excitement caused by it that the Minister concerned besought the House of adjourn the decision of the question, “as being incapacitated from forming a just judgement under the influence of such powerful eloquence.” It is clear that there is a rivalry between the orator and the occasion and the dazzling effect of the moment does not always endure later cool reflection. Page 50 of 58
UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 2012 The world moves in continual cycle of action and reaction, and the homage paid to speakers is followed by tests in the course of which there is unrelenting research as to what extent precept and example tally. When there is no wide gulf between the two, further speeches are listened to with increased respect. Answer following questions 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
What are the most important qualities required for becoming a good orator? What was the effect created by Sheridan’s speech? How can you judge the true effect of a good oration? What research does the audience do when they listen to speakers? Which speakers are not taken seriously by audience?
Q3: Precise writing Make a precis of the following passage in about 200 words, It is not necessary to suggest a title. Failure to write within the world limit may result in deduction of marks. The precis must be written on the separate precis sheets provided, which must then be fastened securely inside the answer-book. Taking into account the compelling and inescapable reality of an increasingly resource constrained world, India needs to link the aspirations of the people and its prospects for accelerated growth to what I would call a “resource-frugal” instead of a “resource-intensive” strategy of development. I believe that such a strategy would enable India to sustain a high rate of growth over a more extended period of time, delivering affluence without waste, and current welfare without sacrificing the welfare of future generations. I will touch upon just a few illustrative examples. The notion of frugality is current in some sectors of our economy and has been successful enough to attract international attention. “Frugal manufacture” is already acclaimed as Indian industry’s contribution to innovate production processes, This involved the stripping down of complex machinery or devices, to their most essential applications without frills. An example is the cost-effective, easy to use, hand-held ECG machine, which is a major contribution to public health. The other is the use of the mobile telephone to deliver information, services as well as funds on a low-cost and widely spread platform. Even in agriculture, there have been significant successes in promoting production process which are dramatically economical in the use of water, dispence with the use of costly and still deliver high agricultural output, ensuring food security. this is frugal agriculture. What should be appreciated is the these innovations, by making products affordable, lead to significant market expansion, This in turn economies of scale, further lowering of cost and generating even greater demand in a virtuous, self-reinforcing circle. The hallmark of any modern society is its ability to deliver rapid affordable and efficient means of mobility to its people. Enabling people to exercise their right to mobility is a critical state responsibility. However, mobility is linked to the use of energy and the use of scarce land, both of which are in short supply in our country. It follows, therefore, that we must have a transport strategy that ensures the most economical use of these resources. The continued expansion of private vehicular transportation is not sustainable. If the density of private car ownership in India were to approach U.S. or European levels, we would be using liquid fuels far in excess of the total consumption of all such fuels globally today. Just as the space required for parking a billion cars and constructing highways for them to run on, would occupy land on a scale that would Page 51 of 58
UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 2012 leave little space for any other activity. Therefore, shifting resources from private transportation to public transportation and investing in the latter to make them convenient, comfortable and cost-effective is another essential component of a “resource-frugal” strategy. Greater mobility ensures a more productive population and a more efficient distribution of goods and services. This is what can ensure a sustained and high rate of growth. If frugal process is what India is good at, it can add value to each of the sectors of its economy by leveraging its proven strength in information and communications technology. The system which make modern economics run whether these are the power supply networks, the transportation system, the distribution of goods and services, the water supply system, to name only a few are being transformed through the use of modern data analytics. The placement of sensors at critical points in any economic process, generated massive and continuous mass of real time data, which high powered computers, using sophisticated software can analyse in considerable detail and propose what are called “smart” solutions. This reduces waste to the minimum, eliminates redundancies in processes and improves efficiencies all around. This, too, is an example of “resource frugality”. It is India which can provide the biggest market for such as a multiplier across the board in a range of sectors in the Indian economy. What is important to appreciate here is that such services are really the hallmark of a flat world because they can ass value in developing societies as they can in advanced ones. The purpose of providing these examples is to ass some substance to the overall optimism I retain about our future as a plural, democratic and innovative society, despite the seeming gloom around us. What is more, each of these innovations enable inclusive growth, because they empower the poor; they profit from leveraging the power of numbers. What we need is to upscale these successes from the margin to the mainstream, from the local to the national level. Q4. Sentence Correction and fill in the blanks a. Sentence correction 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
The vehicular pollution causes serious harm to human beings. Both Ashish and Smita came late to college today. There is many problems relating to this matter. Not only David passed but got a distinction. We’d like some information about the types of cars available. I prefer to pay by cash. My uncle has proposed me a job in his company. All of a sudden she burst in tears. I enjoy this type of music still now. The teacher said me to submit the assignment the next day.
b. Rewrite the following sentences inserting suitable article(s), wherever necessary: 1. Oranges and lemons are citrus fruits, 2. Aijaz is tallest boy in class. 3. She teaches at University in Indiana but I don’t know which one it is. Page 52 of 58
UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 2012 4. New teacher seems to be very strict. 5. It was beautiful sight to see. c.
Rewrite the following sentences inserting suitable prepositions in the blank spaces:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
The Minister gave ____________ the prizes on the annual day. Seeing the children playing brought ____________ memories of my childhood games. Randhir is always ready to take ____________ any responsibility. The members decided to deal ____________ the problem collectively. I hope the picnic will not be called ____________.
d. Give the antonyms of the following words: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
useful active encourage rational timely
Q5. Do as Directed 1. (a): Rewrite the following sentences using the passive structure. i. They have permitted me to leave. ii. The rains have completely ruined the roads. iii. Why did you close the door. iv. History records his great achievements. v. They awarded her the degree at the Convocation. 2. (b): Change the following sentences into indirect speech: i. Anil to Ajay : “Why don’t you join us for a party on Saturday?” ii. Mrs Nair to Mr Shah : “Good Morning! There’s a small problem I want to speak to you about.” iii. Jack to Parimala : “How was your trip to the National Park?” iv. Mr Patil to the Cashier : “Do you have change for five hundreds rupees?” v. Susil to Prasad : “Congratulations! I’m so glad you received the young scientists award.” 3. (c) : Use the correct form of the verb in brackets to fill in the blanks: i. The first such prize ____________ in 1199. (AWARD) ii. The computer is a complex gadget and ____________ of many parts. (CONSIST) iii. Jacob ____________ his report already. (COMPLETE) iv. The postman ____________ his bag and left. (COLLECT) 4. (d) : Supply the missing words: i. The music was too loud ____________ she adjusted the volume. ii. ____________ the technician worked for an hour he was unable to repair the machine. iii. ____________ you pay attention you are likely to miss the important points. iv. Raju calls his mother ____________ he finds it difficult to manage on his own. v. Leave a wide margin ____________ the tutor’s comments can be written in it. Page 53 of 58
UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 2013 5. (e) : Rewrite the following sentences using ‘It’ in the beginning as a preparatory subject: 1. Finding fault with someone is easy. 2. For them to close down the family business would be right. 3. To clean your car yourself would be a good idea. 4. To eat alone was embarrassing for her. 5. Shouting out to someone across the room is rude.
2013 Question Paper Instructions 300 marks, 3 hours 1. Please read each of the following instructions carefully before attempting questions 2. All questions are to be attempted. 3. The number of marks carried by a question is indicated against it. Answers must be written in ENGLISH only. 4. Word limit in questions, wherever specified, should be adhered to and if answered in much longer or shorter than the prescribed length, marks will be deducted. 5. Any page or portion of the page left blank in the answer book must be clearly struck off. Essay (100m) Q. Write short essays in about 300 words on each of the following (50 x 2 =100 marks) 1. We Indians are hypocrites. 2. Fitness and healthcare — latest fad in urban India. Comprehension (50m) Q2. Read carefully the passage given below and write your answers to the questions that follow in clear, correct, and concise language of your own. 50 marks In barely one generation, we've moved from exulting in the time-saving devices that have so expanded our lives, to trying to get away from them — often, in order to make more time. The more ways we have to connect, the more many of us seem desperate to unplug. Like a teenager, we appear to have gone from knowing nothing about the world to knowing too much, all but overnight. The average person spends at least eight and a half hours a day in front of the screen. The average teenager spends or receives 75 text messages a day. Since luxury, as any economist will tell you, is a function of scarcity, the children of tomorrow will crave nothing more than freedom, if only for a short while, from all the blinking machines, streaming videos and scrolling headlines that leave them feeling empty, and too full all at once. The urgency of slowing down — to find the time and space to think — is nothing new, of course, and wiser souls have always reminded us that the more attention we pay to the moment, the less time and energy we have to place it in some larger context. Even half a century ago, Marshall McLuhan warned, "When things come at you very fast, naturally you lose touch with yourself." Yet few of those voices can be heard these days, precisely because `breaking news' is coming through perpetually on the news channels, and Meena is posting images of her summer vacation and the phone is ringing. We barely have enough time to see how little time we have. And the more that floods in on us, the less of ourselves we have to give to every snippet. Page 54 of 58
UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 2013 We have more and more ways to communicate, as Thoreau noted, but less and less to say. Partly because we are so busy communicating. And — as he might also have said — we are rushing to meet so many deadlines that we hardly register that what we need most are lifelines. So what to do ? The central paradox of the machines that have made our lives so much brighter, quicker, longer and healthier is that they cannot teach us how to make the best use of them; the information revolution came without an instruction manual. All the data in the world cannot teach us how to sift through data; images don't show us how to process images. The only way to do justice to our onscreen lives is by summoning exactly the emotional and moral clarity that cannot be found on any screen. Maybe that is why more and more people, even if they have no religious commitment, seem to be turning to yoga or meditation, or tai chi; these are not New Age fads so much as ways to connect with what could be called the wisdom of old age. A series of tests in recent years has shown that after spending time in a quiet rural setting, subjects "exhibit greater attentiveness, stronger memory and generally improved cognition. Their brains become both calmer and sharper." More than that, empathy, as well as deep thought, depends on neural processes that are "inherently slow". The very ones our high-speed lives have little time for. QUESTIONS: (10 x 5 = 50 Marks) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
According to the author, what is likely to become a scarcity in the future? What ability have people lost thanks to the constant inflow of data? Why does the author say, "We have more and more ways to communicate, but less and less to say? Why are people taking an active interest in old-age fads? Why is modern man unable to empathise with others?
Précis #1 (60m) Make a précis of the following passage in about one-third of its length. Please do not suggest a title. 60 marks. Honesty in business dealings or in other areas are not the only measures of morals and values. The strength of character of a person is also measured by uncompromising aversion to cowardice, intrigue, envy, ambiguity, falsehood, disloyalty, treachery, in short, all undignified actions. There are, in reality, few human beings endowed with a truly spotless character. This is because an almost immaculate character does not exist until the last lives in human form. Educated individuals are not necessarily endowed with good morals and values. In fact, some of them use education and their intellect as a tool for deceit. However, the advantages and the need for education and culture cannot be denied. They contribute largely for the development of intellectual ability and the power to reason, which are the means by which the spirit analyses, compares, infers and arrives at conclusions in the search for truth about the meaning of life. The most precious assets of the soul are its morals and values, but they are not easy to build. The character of each person requires longer periods of thoughtfulness, reasoning and the practice of those values, during many reincarnations, in the course of which, ideas sink in under life experiences. It is only after enduring much disillusionment, grief, injustice and ingratitude for many successive corporeal lives, that a person will be able to measure, in the innermost recesses of his soul, the extent of human moral misery. Then, disgusted, he rebels against it and opens the door to a more ethical and honourable life. Thus, having known and experienced suffering, the spirit, in countless reincarnations, gradually frees itself from evil actions and, through enlightenment and conviction follows the rigid tracks of a flawless conduct. It is of great significance to talk about morals and values but it is also crucial to define the lines of character that everyone should consider in their lives. Some of the most important ones are: good judgement, fairness, common sense, punctuality, loyalty, courage, magnanimity, dignity, gratitude, politeness, faithfulness, moderation, Page 55 of 58
UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 2013 truthfulness, self-respect, respect for others, etc. All these qualities, if properly cultivated, compose a prime set of dignifying virtues which accounts for a refined character. For example, we all make mistakes and to err is human. However, once an honest person is advised and becomes convinced of his mistake, he should admit it and try not to repeat it. Unfortunately it is common practice to conceal one's mistakes, instead of avoiding them. This is very detrimental to spiritual growth. Most people seldom use impartiality and justice in the innermost evaluation of their own actions. Even those who are too harsh in the judgement of other people's actions, for whom they always have words of criticism and reproach, do not escape the usual tendency. When their own faults are concerned, they find a full, lenient, absolvent justification. In this way, not only it denotes lack of character, but mistakes often end up incorporated to human habits. By acting this way, an individual loses his self-respect and his sense of character and dignity and becomes corrupted. What everyone should do, is to face up his mistakes and avoid new mistakes, by improving his sense of morals and values, with the help of his will-power. (537 words) Précis #2 (40m) Make a précis of the following passage in about one-third of its length. Please do not suggest a title. 40 marks People write and publish autobiographies and autobiographical sketches for a number of reasons. One of these reasons is to put on record the events of a famous or influential career. But not all autobiographies, not even the autobiographies most frequently and widely read, are by famous or extraordinary men. Another reason is to hand on to others, wisdom won through experience and hard labour. Yet many fine autobiographers seem to have little concern to teach or to persuade. A third reason is to distill from past experience events, persons, and situations which hold a firm place in memory, and to put true values on them. In this sense, autobiography is, as Somerset Maugham has said, a 'summing-up', and its first utility is to its author himself. Whatever its purpose or the fame of the man who writes it, autobiography is a thing created out of the recollections of life. It is not life itself. Whether it be valuable or useless depends upon whether it is well- or ill- made. Good autobiographies can be mined from inconspicuous lives. For autobiography is the inclusive and summary form of what we call `themes of experience'. It may contain reminiscences, descriptions of places, of animals, of people, the identification of characteristic preferences and prejudices, and other matters as well. It has the traits of all these minor forms. An autobiography is objectively true, but is not indiscriminately inclusive. It presents a selection of detailed episodes with sufficient fullness to preserve their essential qualities. It is usually written within the framework defused by a consistent point of view. It presents its subject in more than two dimensions, fusing the person and his actions with setting, manner and purpose. One further trait of autobiographical writing raises a few special problems: by its nature autobiography tempts its author to proceed chronologically. The events sort themselves by the calendar, and it is a natural impulse of every autobiographer to begin with the words "I was born on .... " Strict chronological arrangement poses a discipline of some force. It is by no means easy to "begin at the beginning, go until you come to the end, and then stop." Considerations other than the calendar have a way of forcing their way to notice. With due care, however, a chronological autobiography can be accomplished. It is important to remember that chronology is not the only principle by which autobiography can be organized. Benjamin Franklin, whose procedure in his autobiography is basically chronological, does not hesitate to recognize the Philadelphia girl who laughed at him as the very one who subsequently became his Page 56 of 58
UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 2013 wife. Joseph Conrad prefers the pattern of walking tour to that of the calendar, and his richly imaginative account is stored with pertinent associations of the past with the present and future. Often, to the autobiographer, it seems that life does not pass so much as it accumulates. Qualities emerge as identities independent of time. For this reason, we should not as we write feel compelled to maintain a steady rate of advance through the time marks of our stories. Like Hazlitt on his journey, we linger over a choice adventure or a valued friend, and then, if we choose, we skip a few years to catch up. (541 words) Make sentences (10m) Q4. (a) Use each of the following words to make sentences that bring out their meaning clearly. Do not change the form of the words, (No marks will be given for vague and ambiguous sentences.) 10marks 1. desultory 2. grapevine 3. holistic 4. insidious 5. intransigence Antonym (5m) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
paradigm susceptible ubiquitous voracious venerable
Amateur Modesty Shallow Conceited Atheist
Sentence Correction (10m) Q4(b) Correct the following sentences without changing their meaning. Please do not make unnecessary changes in the original sentence. 10 marks 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
One must do what he thinks best. He will surely not do that, did he ? Can I leave the room now, Sir ? My neighbour, along with two friends, were pushing his car which is stalled. I thought to help him, but he did not welcome my suggestion. When I was a child, I enjoyed to eat ice cream in the bench. The Principal, along with the teachers, are planning to apply for a leave. Do you have an idea who is that man ? Unemployment as well as poverty influence the votes. When I woke up, the man already disappeared after committing murder in the running train.
Do as directed (15m) Rewrite each of the following sentences as directed without changing the meaning (total 10 marks) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
No one dares to criticize her for what she says. (Rewrite the sentence starting with 'No matter') Radha was the eldest. She had to look after her parents. (Combine to form a single sentence) She decorated the room. The purpose was to make it look beautiful. (Combine using 'so that') "What a beautiful day !", said the young tourist. (Change the narration) The one-man committee determined there was no need to take action.(Rewrite using passive structure) Page 57 of 58
UPSC CSE (Mains) Compulsory English Paper 2013 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
The proud father remarked, "What a wonderful batsman my son is !" (Change into indirect speech) My mother remarked, "Aren't the children lovely ?" (Change into indirect speech) Cricket fans filled the streets during the World Cup. (Rewrite using passive structure) It would be wonderful if we could go to Shimla. (Change into an exclamatory sentence using 'how') I could have finished the work. But I would have had to go out early.(Combine into one sentence beginning with 'Had')
Rewrite the following sentences using 'it' at the beginning of the sentence: 5marks 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Impressing Ramesh Mohan would be a piece of cake. Visiting old people in hospitals is a very good idea. To smoke 20 cigarettes a day is bad for your health. Chatting with strangers on the computer can be very dangerous. My father says, keeping the computer on all day is a waste of electricity.
Fill in the Blanks (10m) Fill in the blanks using one of the following linkers : 1x5=5 (in case, but , even though, so, provided, as) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
____ he was late for the meeting, his boss didn't get angry. ____ he was late for the meeting, his boss became angry. I'll not get angry, ___ you are not late for the meeting. I started early ____ I was still late for the meeting. I'll give you her telephone number ___ you have problems finding her place.
Fill in the blanks (5m) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
My teacher said that I need to___ (practice, practise) more. The hot weather ____ (affects, effects) people in different ways. Wouldn't it be nice if we had to work only on _____ (alternative, alternate) days? Our politicians are known to ____ (avoid, evade) taxes. The Principal ____ (complimented, complemented) the students on their fine performance.
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Essaylist: Yearwise Last 21 years (1993-2013) 2013
1. Be the change you want to see in others (Gandhi) 2. Is the Colonial mentality hindering India’s Success 3. GDP (Gross Domestic Product) along with GDH (Gross Domestic Happiness) would be the right indices for judging the wellbeing of a country 4. Science and technology is the panacea for the growth and security of the nation.
2012
1. In the context of Gandhiji’s views on the matter, explore, on an evolutionary scale, the terms ‘Swadhinata’, ‘Swaraj’ and ‘Dharmarajya’. Critically comment on their contemporary relevance to Indian democracy. 2. Is the criticism that the ‘Public-Private-Partnership’ (PPP) model for development is more of a bane than a boon in the Indian context, justified? 3. Science and Mysticism : Are they compatible ? 4. Managing work and home – is the Indian working woman getting a fair deal?
2011
1. Creation of smaller states and the consequent administrative , economic and developmental implication 2. Does Indian Cinema shape our popular culture or merely reflect it 3. Credit – based higher education system – status , opportunities and challenges 4. In the Indian context , Both human intelligence and technical intelligence are crucial in combating terrorism
2010
1. Geography may remain the same ; history need not. 2. Should a moratorium be imposed on all fresh mining in tribal areas of the country? 3. Preparedness of our society for India’s global leadership role.
4. From traditional Indian philanthropy to the Gates-Buffet model-a natural progression or a paradigm shift? 2009
1. Are our traditional handicrafts doomed to a slow death? 2. Are we a ‘Soft ’ state ? 3. “The focus of health care is increasingly getting skewed towards the ‘haves’ of our society”. 4. “ Good Fences make good neighbors” 5. ‘ Globlisation’ vs. ‘ Nationalism’
2008
1. Role of Media in good governance 2. National Identity and Patritism 3. Special Economic Zone : Boon or Bane 4. Descipline means success , anarchy means ruin 5. Urbanisation and Its Hazards 6. Is an Egalitarian society possible by educating the masses ?
2007
1. Independent thinking should be encouraged right form the childhood. 2. Evaluation of Panchayati Raj System in India from the point of view of eradication of power to people. 3. Attitude makes, habit makes character and character makes a man. 4. Is Autonomy the best answer to combat balkanization? 5. How has satellite television brought about cultural change in Indian mindsets. 6. BPO boom in India.
2006
1. Women’s Reservation Bill Would Usher in Empowerment for Women in India. 2. Protection of Ecology and Environment is Essential for Sustained Economic Development. 3. Importance of Indo-U.S. Nuclear Agreement 4. “Education for All” Campaign in India: Myth or Reality. 5. Globalization Would Finish Small-Scale Industries in India. 6. Increasing Computerization Would lead to the Creation of a Dehumanized Society.
2005
1. Justice must reach the poor 2. The hand that rocks the cradle 3. If women ruled the world 4. What is real education? 5. Terrorism and world peace 6. Food security for sustainable national development
2004
1. India’s Role in Promoting ASEAN Co-operation. 2. Judicial Activism and Indian Democracy. 3. Whither Women’s Emancipation? 4. Globalizations and Its Impact on Indian Culture. 5. The Lure of Space. 6. Water Resources Should Be Under the Control of the Central Government.
2003
1. The Masks of New Imperialism. 2. How far has democracy in India delivered the goods? 3. How should a civil servant conduct himself? 4. As civilization advances culture declines. 5. There is nothing either good or bad but thinking makes it so. 6. Spirituality and Scientific temper.
2002
1. Modern technological education and human values. 2. Search for truth can only be a spiritual problem. 3. If youth knew, if age could. 4. The paths of glory lead but to the grave. 5. Privatization of higher education in India. 6. Responsibility of media in a democracy.
2001
1. What have we gained from our democratic set-up? 2. My vision of an ideal world order. 3. The march of science and the erosion of human values. 4. Irrelevance of the classroom. 5. The pursuit of excellence. 6. Empowerment alone cannot help our women.
2000
1. Why should we be proud of being Indians? 2. The cyberworld: Its charms and challenges. 3. The country’s need for a better disaster management system. 4. Indian culture today: A myth or a reality? 5. The implications of globalization for India. 6. Modernism and our traditional socio-ethical values.
1999
1. Women empowerment: Challenges and prospects. 2. Youth culture today. 3. Mass media and cultural invasion. 4. Resource management in the Indian context. 5. Value-based science and education. 6. Reservation, politics and empowerment.
1998
1. The composite culture of India. 2. Woman is God’s best creation. 3.The misinterpretation and misuse of freedom in India. 4. India’s contribution to world wisdom. 5. The language problem in India: Its past, present and prospects. 6. The world of the twenty-first century.
1997
1. What we have not learnt during fifty years of Independence. 2. Judicial activism. 3. Greater political power alone will not improve women’s plight. 4. True religion cannot be misused. 5. The modern doctor and his patients. 6. Urbanization is a blessing in disguise.
1996
1. Literacy is growing very fast, but there is no corresponding growth in education. 2. Restructuring of UNO reflect present realities 3. New cults and Godmen: a threat to traditional religion 4. The VIP cult is a bane of Indian democracy 5. Need for transparency in public administration 6. Truth is lived, not taught
1995
1. Politics without ethics is a disaster. 2. The new emerging women Power: the ground realities. 3. When money speaks, the truth is silent. 4. Whither Indian democracy? 5. Restructuring of Indian education system. 6. Disinterested intellectual curiosity is the lifeblood of civilisation.
7. Our deeds determine us, as much as we determine our deeds. 1994
1. Youth is a blunder, Manhood a struggle, oldage a regret 2. The Indian society at the crossroads. 3. Modernisation and westernisation are not identical concepts. 4. Useless life is an early death. 5. Politics, bureaucracy and business – Fatal Triangle. 6. Multinational corporations – saviours or saboteurs
1993
1. My vision of India in 2001 A.D. 2. The global order: political and economic 3. He would reigns within himself and folds his passions and desires and fears is more than a king. 4. Compassion is the basic of all morality would 5. Men have failed: let women take over. 6. Economic growth without distributive justice is bound to breed violence. 7. Ecological considerations need not hamper development. 8. Computer: the harbinger of silent revolution.
