Project  Paper  792  

Small  Form  Factor  Ku/Ka-­‐band  Satcom     Peter  Lemme   Chairman   Ku/Ka  Satellite  Communica2ons  Subcommi5ee   2015 AEEC General Session

Peter Lemme

Slide 1

Project Paper 792 •  New Antenna, e.g., flat panel/low profile •  Accommodations for multiple apertures Four mounting points Protected volume Connector penetrations •  Migration of system functions outside? Other radio system (complementary) High Power Amplifier (Fail-operative) Attitude and Heading reference (Autonomous) Motor drive electronics (less wires) •  Accommodations for gate-to-gate operation •  Commonality/compatibility with ARINC 791 provisions 2015 AEEC General Session

Peter Lemme

Slide 2

2015 AEEC General Session

Peter Lemme

Slide 3

791

2015 AEEC General Session

Peter Lemme

Slide 4

792

2015 AEEC General Session

Peter Lemme

Slide 5

Aperture Types •  •  •  • 

3 axis Multi-gimbaled 2 axis Multi-gimbaled 1 axis Single-gimbaled Electrically steerable

skew, elevation, azimuth elevation, azimuth azimuth no gimbal

It is possible to have an additional motor control (polarization skew) unrelated to aperture pointing

2015 AEEC General Session

Peter Lemme

Slide 6

2015 AEEC General Session

Peter Lemme

Slide 7

2015 AEEC General Session

Peter Lemme

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Peter Lemme

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2015 AEEC General Session

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2015 AEEC General Session

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2015 AEEC General Session

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2015 AEEC General Session

Peter Lemme

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2015 AEEC General Session

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2015 AEEC General Session

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2015 AEEC General Session

Peter Lemme

Slide 17

2015 AEEC General Session

Peter Lemme

Slide 18

Live Television plus Internet Access Direct Broadcast Satellite Reuse of direct-to-home services Two receive apertures with Internet Access Private Broadcast Shares one receive aperture with Internet Access Recurring spectrum cost for each orbital slot used Spot beams Vs. Wide beam overlay Recommend PP792 support DBS receiver Phased-array may support dual-beam receive 2015 AEEC General Session

Peter Lemme

Slide 19

Three Configurations 1. Receive 2. Transmit + Receive 3. Transmit + Receive + Receive

2015 AEEC General Session

Peter Lemme

Slide 20

Mounting Interface Four Lugs? •  Different spacing for different size aperture Compatibility with A791 P1 fittings? •  Rear aperture covers bulkhead penetrations •  Rear aperture covers fittings 5 and 6

2015 AEEC General Session

Peter Lemme

Slide 21

High Power Amplifier (transmit) In the overhead Transmission line (physics) Cooling Space Under the radome Simpler Fault tolerant (cost) 2 week MTTR Cooling Space 2015 AEEC General Session

Peter Lemme

Slide 22

Block Up-Converter (transmit) Under the radome Integrated with the outside High Power Amplifier In the overhead Integrated with the inside High Power Amplifier Connected via coax to the outside High Power Amplifier

2015 AEEC General Session

Peter Lemme

Slide 23

Attitude and Position Sensor

2015 AEEC General Session

Peter Lemme

Slide 24

2015 AEEC General Session

Peter Lemme

Slide 25

Modem under Radome •  Eliminates coaxial interfaces •  Power+Ethernet through the bulkhead •  Delta reports moderate radome temps No colder than -15 deg C inflight On-ground, cold-soak still possible

2015 AEEC General Session

Peter Lemme

Slide 26

Inmarsat SBB Safety, Iridium Certus Cellular, AeroMACS, TWLU, GPS Another radio under the radome Antenna Radio Power Ethernet Complementary safety services Ground networking and backup 2015 AEEC General Session

Peter Lemme

Slide 27

Protected Volume Aperture with drive electronics Low Noise Amplifier High Power Amplifier Attitude and Heading Reference Cellular radio Connectors and Wiring 2015 AEEC General Session

Peter Lemme

Slide 28

Power KANDU Outside antenna equipment (OAE) power supply High power amplifier

2015 AEEC General Session

Peter Lemme

Slide 29

Cooling No overhead crown forced air cooling

2015 AEEC General Session

Peter Lemme

Slide 30

Connectors Elimination of critical RF transmission line Even with IF coax, no chance for mis-wiring Much smaller antenna control connector Increase in antenna power connector

2015 AEEC General Session

Peter Lemme

Slide 31

Wiring and Cabling Trying to eliminate coax altogether Trying to reduce the large control cabling to the antenna

2015 AEEC General Session

Peter Lemme

Slide 32

Form Factors LRU’s in the overhead crown are are shrinking or disappearing Outside antenna equipment is proliferating

2015 AEEC General Session

Peter Lemme

Slide 33

Project  Paper  848   Broadband  Avia6on  Radio  Network   Peter  Lemme   Chairman   Ku/Ka  Satellite  Communica2ons  Subcommi5ee  

2015 AEEC General Session

Peter Lemme

Slide 34

Safety and Non-Safety Categories   PP848  support  for  safety  services  is  under  review  (Iridium  Certus)     ACD  carries  safety  and  non-­‐safety  categories    ATS,  AOC,  AAC     Safety  radio  should  connect  to  ACD    ATS,  AOC     Non-­‐safety  radio  should  connect  to  ACD,  AISD,  and  PIESD    AAC  (ACD,  AISD,  PIESD)    APC  (PIESD)     Safety  radio  accommodates  non-­‐safety  traffic  on  a  prioriFzed  manner    AAC  (AISD)    AAC,  APC  (PIESD)     Peter Lemme Slide 35  2015 AEEC General Session  

PP848  ObjecFves   ARINC  664  Domain  segmentaFon    ACD,  AISD,  PIESD,  PODD     Peer-­‐based  authenFcaFon      Cer2ficate  Authority    End-­‐System    PP848    COTS  radio         2015 AEEC General Session

Peter Lemme

Slide 36

PP848  ObjecFves   Quality  of  Service    ATS,  AOC,  AAC,  APC      RCP  service  level    RCP  service  queue              Priority              Precedence  

2015 AEEC General Session

Peter Lemme

Slide 37

PP848  ObjecFves   Transparent,  universal  protocols    Intermediate  Router  connec2on    End-­‐System  connec2on   IPv6 ICAO Doc 9896 (ATN-IPS) support Autonomous Link Control Remote Management   2015 AEEC General Session

Peter Lemme

Slide 38

Project Paper 848 Update of ARINC 791, Part 2 •  Update Management Information Base (MIB) •  Radio-band specific items Update of ARINC 791, Part 1 •  Consistency in references •  Errors and Omissions

2015 AEEC General Session

Peter Lemme

Slide 39

Form   Factor  

Input   Power  

APM   Grounding   Bonding  

Cooling   Wiring  

Connectors  

7XX   Radio  Form  and  Fit   Inmarsat,  Iridium,  ATG,  AeroMACS,  Ku,  Ka,  Cellular,  WiFi,  Wired  

2015 AEEC General Session

Peter Lemme

Slide 40

Input   Power  

Form   Factor  

APM   Grounding   Bonding  

Cooling   Wiring  

Connectors  

7XX   Radio  Form  and  Fit   Inmarsat,  Iridium,  ATG,  AeroMACS,  Ku,  Ka,  Cellular,  WiFi,  Wired   848   BARN      

822A   On-­‐Ground  Wireless  Communica2on       Installa2on,     Calibra2on,     Alignment  

Interference   Ethernet   Protocols   429/629   Protocols  

MAGIC   AGIE  

QoS   SNMP/MIB  

2015 AEEC General Session

Beam  Steering   Security  

Network   Management  

PSD  Control   Antenna-­‐Modem   Interface  Protocols  

Remote   Management  

Maintenance   ICAO  Doc  9896  

Peter Lemme

Slide 41

Remote Management Elevated concerns as we push up to ACD and ATS comms Responsiveness to evolving threats Accountability and logging AMC working group working group Management of Aircraft Support Data (ASD) ARINC 675

2015 AEEC General Session

Peter Lemme

Slide 42

RCP  for  ATS   For  safety  capable  radio  only  (per  GOLD)      RCP240  (CPDLC)    RSP180    (ADS-­‐C)    RCP400  (Voice  applica2on)     Embed  RCP  index  into  DSCP  fields     Broadcast  status  of  each  RCP  service    MAGIC  (Diameter)     2015 AEEC General Session

Peter Lemme

Slide 43

RCP  for  AAC  and  AOC   PROPOSAL  UNDER  REVIEW   RCP  1  (baseline)    one  second,  real  2me  IP  services,  best  effort,  normal  for  APC     RCP  3,600  (Op2onal,  depending  on  equipage)    one  hour:  normal  mode  for  administra2ve  comms     RCP  100,000  (Op2onal,  depending  on  equipage)    ~28  hours:    offers  a  chance  to  use  a  ground  link,  eg  cellular     RCP  700,000  (Op2onal,  depending  on  equipage)    ~8  days:  offers  a  be5er  chance  to  use  a  wireless  ground  link       RCP  2,500,000  (Op2onal,  depending  on  equipage)    ~29  days:  offers  a  good  chance  for  a  wired  ground  link       2015 AEEC General Session

Peter Lemme

Slide 44

Cache  IP  traffic  for  later   •  OpFonal  feature  –  under  review   •  Local  cache  can  accumulate  RCP  types      pending  a  compliant  network  to  receive  them     •  Not  a  store  and  forward  file  transfer  service     •  No  insight  into  payloads     •  Same  methods  work  air-­‐to-­‐ground  and  ground-­‐to-­‐air      

2015 AEEC General Session

Peter Lemme

Slide 45

Intermediate Router (MAGIC) Operates within one ARINC 664 Domain ACD or AISD MAGIC ARINC 839 arbitrates between radios  

PP848  must  contend  with  more  than  one  domain   Broadband  radio  suppor2ng  non-­‐safety  and/or  safety   ACD  –  Router  or  end-­‐system  (CMU,  Data  Loader)   AISD  –  Router  or  end-­‐system  (EFB)   PIESD  –  IFE,  POD  

2015 AEEC General Session

Peter Lemme

Slide 46

End  System  –  Router  (MAGIC)  –  PP848   •  Proposed  RCP  –  QoS    Diameter  Link  Awareness   –  Useful  to  both  MAGIC  and  an  End-­‐System   –  QoS  AOC  and  AAC  RCP  values  need  broad  agreement  

  •  End-­‐system  can  communicate  directly  to  PP848  

–  Different  RCP  values  can  be  presented  as  separate  IP   address/port  gateways  to  approved,  secure  tunnels   –  Need  broad  agreement  for  accessing  gateways    

2015 AEEC General Session

Peter Lemme

Slide 47

Securing end-end communications PP848 does not secure the LAN at either end VLAN could be provided between PP848 and end-system End-End VPN would span the LAN and the internetwork secured by PP848

2015 AEEC General Session

Peter Lemme

Slide 48

PP848  (Airplane  Side)  

2015 AEEC General Session

Peter Lemme

Slide 49

2015 AEEC General Session

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2015 AEEC General Session

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2015 AEEC General Session

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2015 AEEC General Session

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2015 AEEC General Session

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2015 AEEC General Session

Peter Lemme

Slide 56

Defense  –  in  –  Depth   •  Limit  traffic  to  authenFcated  networks     •  No  cross  domain  traffic       •  COTS  Radio  access  control  and  authorizaFon     •  End-­‐system  integrity  and  authenFcaFon  

2015 AEEC General Session

Peter Lemme

Slide 57

Open Vs. Closed Standards Open standards would permit independently developing air and ground peers through a common interface Closed standards allow a supplier to use proprietary protocols requiring proprietary peers (air and ground) Open standards allow different suppliers to participate equally across all instances Closed standards are restricted to a single supplier Security cannot depend on hoping no one learns what protocols you are using Security must be robust in an open standard

2015 AEEC General Session

Peter Lemme

Slide 58

Certificate Authority Three Layers 1.  End-System (data source) 2.  PP848 (multi-domain segmentation) 3.  Radio network (COTS)

2015 AEEC General Session

Peter Lemme

Slide 59

Authentication Absolute confidence in authentication Integrity must be assured header (metadata) (RCP, Domain) Certificate Authority Vetting/diligence of safety network certificates Unique certificates for PIESD, AISD, ATSD No certificate for PODD

2015 AEEC General Session

Peter Lemme

Slide 60

Assurance Level - discussion Design Assurance Level System Safety Assessment Preliminary System Safety Assessment Functional Hazard Assessment Failure Modes and Effects Analysis DO-178 and DO-254 Security Assurance Level Intentional acts of a malicious nature Hazards are categorized similarly DO-326A and DO-356

2015 AEEC General Session

Peter Lemme

Slide 61

Assurance Level - discussion The end-system should assume the hazard for its communications Hazardously misleading data - Major Hazard Misleading data - Minor Hazard PP848 is not responsible for hazardously misleading data Loss of data link - Minor Hazard

2015 AEEC General Session

Peter Lemme

Slide 62

Assurance Level - discussion PP848 goal: federated security assurance layer Abstracting the radio interface Tunneling through the untrusted networks Reliant on authentication PP848 goal: keep the domains segregated Security impact subject to individual system features - Minor Hazard or Major Hazard PP848 goal: QoS precedence for highest priority Loss of data link - Minor Hazard Security impact subject to individual system features - Minor Hazard or Major Hazard

2015 AEEC General Session

Peter Lemme

Slide 63

Passenger Owned Device Level E IFE cannot be trusted Segment PODD APC from PIESD AAC Single Ethernet interface with two VLAN AAC APC Authenticated PIESD network traffic PP848 peering network tunnels Open PODD network traffic APC traffic connection to the Internet Secured by ground gateway firewall 2015 AEEC General Session

Peter Lemme

Slide 64

PP848 beyond Ku & Ka PP848 issues and protocols could be useful with other radio systems •  QoS •  Secure multi-domain infrastructure •  A credible authentication infrastructure This subcommittee will continue to advocate for consistent IP network protocols through coordination with other subcommittees.

2015 AEEC General Session

Peter Lemme

Slide 65

Project  Status     Peter  Lemme   Chairman   Ku/Ka  Satellite  Communica2ons  Subcommi5ee  

2015 AEEC General Session

Peter Lemme

Slide 66

APIM: 14-007 ARINC Project Paper 792 Small Form Factor Ku/Ka-band Satcom Activity

Mtgs

Mtg-Days (Total)

Expected Start Date

Expected Completion Date

ARINC Project Paper 792

6

18*

Jan 2015

Apr 2017

*In addition, monthly web conferences will be scheduled.

Jan 2015 2 Cocoa Beach

June 2015 2 Montreal (16-17)

Oct 2015 2 Thousand Oaks (20-21)

2015 AEEC General Session

Jan 2016 2

June 2016 2

Oct 2015 3

Jan 2017 3

Peter Lemme

Mar 2017 2 Contingency

Slide 67

APIM 14-008 ARINC Project Paper 848 Broadband Satellite System Functional Interface Standard Activity ARINC Project Paper 848

Mtgs*

Mtg-Days (Total)

2

6* (est. 7)

Expected Start Expected Date Completion Date Apr 2014

Apr 2016

*In addition, monthly web conferences will be scheduled.

July 2014 1 Seattle

Jan 2015 1 Cocoa Beach

2015 AEEC General Session

June 2015 1 Montreal (18)

Oct 2015 2 Thousand Oaks (21-22)

Jan 2016 2

Peter Lemme

Slide 68

Peter Lemme [email protected] www.satcom.guru

2015 AEEC General Session

Peter Lemme

Slide 69

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