EU Science: Global Challenges, Global Collaboration (ES: GC2) 100 Countries, 100 Projects 4-8 March 2013 conference at the European Parliament under the Irish Council Presidency

Convened by

Rue du Trône, 4 Brussels 1000 Phone: +32 (0)2 8888 110

www.iscintelligence.com [email protected] Brussels, July 2012 This document is preliminary in nature and is intended for information purposes only.

100 Countries, 100 Projects Introduction The conference will be jointly hosted by the Irish Council Presidency and the European Parliament and will place EU research at the centre of the scientific response to global challenges, bringing together scientists and science policymakers from 100 countries. These challenges are transnational in nature and trans-institutional in solution. They cannot be addressed by any one government or institution acting alone. They require collaborative action among governments, international organizations, corporations, universities, NGOs, and creative individuals. Collaborative science can make a significant near term contribution and play a central role in addressing future global challenges. Collaborative science and research and development needs to be enabled by the policy, regulatory, standards and funding environment. Moreover, research infrastructures and shared capacity building need to be placed at the forefront of measures to support the conduct of R&D globally. The conference will have three elements: plenary sessions; 50 scientific and technical seminars; and 100 project consortium meetings. It is expected that the conference will yield 100 projects involving partners from across 100 countries.

Context The event will come at a crucial time for the future of R&D priority setting in Europe and globally. The EU’s institutions are currently negotiating legislative proposals for R&D funding over the period 2014 to 2020. The European Commission has proposed €80b for Horizon 2020, the next Framework Programme for Research and Development and Demonstration (2014-2020). The Commission proposals for EU Cohesion Policy over the same time period also include significant levels of support for R&D capacity building. In addition, major legislation covering Clinical Trials, Medical Devices, Data Protection and patents will be considered in 2013. Ireland will take over the EU Council Presidency at a vitally important juncture in the negotiation process concerning these proposals. The Irish Council Presidency will also come at a time when R&D stakeholders are putting forward their priorities and plans for the remainder of the current decade.

Conference Objectives 1. Maximise the contribution of EU research and development funding instruments to global scientific collaboration 2. Facilitate networking and collaboration between Europe-based researchers with potential research partners around the world 3. Increase international participation in Horizon 2020 4. Augment global cooperation on access to research infrastructures as key enablers of collaborative research 5. Draw attention to and clarify the regulatory, policy, standards and funding environment required for high-impact global research and development.

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Date and Location European Parliament, Brussels, Monday March 4 to Friday March 8, 2013.

Format The conference will have three primary components:  Plenary sessions in the European Parliament Hemicycle The plenary sessions will address key global challenges at a macro level and explore the potential role of global collaboration in responding to these challenges. The sessions will recognise the need for collaboration on standards, ethics, policy and funding. Key developments such as the “big data” and science policy evaluation mechanisms will be central.  Scientific and technical seminars Seminars will allow more detailed discussion of specific technical obstacles that must be overcome to enable global collaboration to succeed.  Consortium building meetings These meetings will facilitate researchers in identifying and meeting with potential partners as they move towards the launch of Horizon 2020. It is expected that the conference will yield 100 projects involving partners from across 100 countries.

Budgetary Considerations The European Parliament will provide use of the Hemicycle and meeting rooms in Brussels. Funding for event organisation and logistics will be sought in partnership with private sector sponsors.

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ISC, in conjunction with Mr Sean Kelly MEP and other Members of the European Parliament, will convene a major conference to be held at the European Parliament, in March 2013, to address the scientific response to global societal and economic challenges. The event will take place in Brussels under the Irish Presidency of the Council of the EU, which begins on January 1st 2013, and will come at a crucial time for the future of R&D priority setting in Europe and globally. The EU’s institutions are currently negotiating legislative proposals for R&D funding over the period 2014 to 2020. The Irish Council Presidency will also come at a time when R&D stakeholders are putting forward their priorities and plans for the remainder of the current decade. Similar developments are also happening elsewhere around the globe.

EU R&D Policy 2014-2020 The EU’s multiannual budgetary framework up to 2020 is starting to take shape. A number of features stand out which will serve to strengthen the potential impact of EU research instruments and programmes in terms of the global response to global challenges. Horizon 2020, the EU’s funding instrument for collaborative research and innovation beyond 2014, looks set to provide both enhanced funding and enhanced ease of participation compared to its predecessor, FP7. Researchers, industry and SMEs based in the EU, or with partners in the EU, can only benefit from this. Moreover, it appears likely that Horizon 2020 will have an added emphasis on global cooperation with third countries, underscoring the potential of EU Member States to serve as platforms for EU-led global R&D. Cohesion Policy will be given a reinforced role as the EU’s research capacity building instrument. With a proposed overall budget of over €376 billion, and much of this tied to support for scientific research and innovation, this will provide valuable support for Member States in strengthening their capacity for frontier research. The European Research Area has a target completion date of 2014. Its completion would place EU researchers and research consortia in a single market for research and development matched only by the USA in scope and size. Creation of a Common Patent for at least 25 of the EU’s Member States now looks to be a real possibility for the near future. This can contribute significantly to diminishing the complexity of cross-border R&D with commercial potential, directly enhancing the R&D value of locations within the EU. Revisions to key EU legislation, such as the Medical Devices Directive, Clinical Trials Directive and Data Protection Directive, are also likely to impact significantly on the R&D landscape in Europe for years to come. This will have significant implications for foreign direct investment.

Global Developments creating New Opportunities Decisions taken in Europe over the next eighteen months will have consequences for R&D throughout the remainder of the decade. It is of crucial importance, however, to appreciate the evolving global context in which this will happen. North America is Europe’s largest R&D partner and will continue to be so well into the foreseeable future. In 2010, US and EU markets combined to account for 65% of the top 4

global R&D companies and 56% of all global R&D1. The US and EU are by far each other’s most important hosts for overseas patents, with the US accounting for 60% of all overseas patents applied for by EU entities at the European Patent Office 2. Transatlantic R&D cooperation takes place across a range of institutions on both sides. EU collaboration with the National Institutes of Health, for example, includes several cases of large scale international collaboration, usually involving several other countries and in some cases other non-governmental agencies. The total investment in these international consortia in health research is in the region of €600m. Over the past 5 years, the EU and US have initiated several collaborations with other funding agencies to launch large-scale research efforts using the concept of an International Consortium. One particularly good example of this is the International Human Microbiome Consortium, which seeks to understand the role of the human microbiome in the maintenance of health and causation of disease and to use that knowledge to improve the ability to prevent and treat disease. The further development of the US-EU relationship is creating opening new prospects for transatlantic partnerships. One good example can be found in science policy evaluation. In August 2011, representatives of the EU and US met at the Rockefeller Foundation in Bellagio, Italy, to explore the possibility of creating a common strategy for evaluation of public investments in science. The group agreed that such evaluation can only be achieved through an international collaborative effort to establish and implement an interoperable platform that provides quality controlled data on research spending, output and impact. This would include and go beyond traditional measures such as patent outcomes and open new possibilities for enhanced value for money from public expenditure on science – but moreover, it would open a new avenue for global collaboration. From a broader perspective, the growing importance of events such as the Astana Economic Forum in Kazakhstan reflects the expanding scope for global R&D collaboration. Science is increasingly global, occurring in more and more places than ever before. The rise of china has been particularly notable, overtaking Japan and Europe in terms of publication output in recent years3. Moreover, while private R&D spending in Japan, the US and Europe declined in 2009, combined private R&D spending increased by 41% in India and China and the transatlantic share of global patents has fallen from 70% in 1999 to 62% today4. R&D capacity building has emerged as a key ambition of many African governments and ambitions are high for the future of African science. This is reflected most dramatically in the successful joint bid by nine African nations to co-host the Square Kilometre Array, the largest radio astronomy project in history. At the same time that science has become global, the recent success at CERN exemplifies the unique potential of globally collaborative scientific projects. The SKA will represent a similar undertaking in the future. Global cooperation enhances the quality of scientific research, improves the efficiency and effectiveness of research and is increasingly necessary as the scale of research challenges grow. The global nature of our most pressing societal challenges means that no one country or scientific discipline will offer complete solutions. From food supplies and energy security to global health, the issues of most concern to humanity’s future are issues which require R&D collaboration on a global scale. A key 1

http://transatlantic.sais-jhu.edu/publications/books/Transatlantic_Economy_2011/te_2011.pdf http://transatlantic.sais-jhu.edu/publications/books/Transatlantic_Economy_2011/te_2011.pdf 3 http://royalsociety.org/uploadedFiles/Royal_Society_Content/policy/publications/2011/4294976134.pdf 4 http://transatlantic.sais-jhu.edu/publications/books/Transatlantic_Economy_2011/te_2011.pdf 2

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challenge over the medium term will be to ensure that the right partnerships can be facilitated as the need to address these challenges becomes ever more urgent.

Science Policy Making and Global Challenges Science can help measure and predict impacts, identify solutions, evaluate pathways for adaptation and assess risks for mitigation – the challenge for governments, scientists, NGOs and others is how to best orchestrate research efforts to address such issues collectively 5. Some initial steps have already been taken to discuss the policy dimension of such collective action. The OECD Global Science Forum provides a venue for meetings of senior science policy officials of OECD countries. At a global level, the importance of science policy for development has been recognised through the work of the United Nations Commission on Science and Technology for Development. Similarly, ongoing steps by the EU towards a common strategy for global scientific collaboration reflect the importance of global science policy cooperation. Through the European Council’s Strategic Forum for International Science and Technology Cooperation (SFIC), pilot actions have already been taken to strengthen Europe’s R&D relationship with China and India as well as bi-regional relationships, such as with Latin America. Moreover, on March 14 this year, the European Parliament recognised the significant capacity building potential of large scale science projects in a Written Declaration on science capacity building in Africa: promoting European-African radio astronomy partnerships. The importance of such interregional cooperation has received recognition among Europe’s key partners. For example, 28 February this year saw a Dubai meeting, hosted by the United Arab Emirates National Research Foundation, to discuss a roadmap for enhancing inter-regional collaboration in biomedical science between Gulf States and the EU. The March 2013 conference will seek to build on such steps with the goal of maximising the contribution of EU R&D instruments and programmes to global scientific collaboration.

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http://royalsociety.org/uploadedFiles/Royal_Society_Content/policy/publications/2011/4294976134.pdf

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KEY CONFERENCE THEMES Societies around the world face challenges which are global in nature and therefore require global collective action. Science and science policy will form key components of the response to these challenges. The ES: GC2 conference will address key societal challenges which the EU has identified as key priorities for the coming decade in its proposals for Horizon 2020, including:  Global Health  Security  Bioeconomy  Space By promoting the mobility of people and ideas and bringing together the best scientists from around the world, research infrastructures drive excellence within research and innovation communities. For each theme, a key focus of the conference will therefore be on research infrastructures as vital enablers of global collaboration across the full breadth of scientific domains. The conference will also recognise the need for collaboration on standards, ethics policy and funding. Key developments such as the “big data” and science policy evaluation mechanisms will be central.

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Irish Presidencey EU SCIENCE.pdf

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