INTEGRATION OF REMOTELY SENSED OPTICAL AND ACOUSTIC DATA FOR THE DELINEATION OF REEF-LINES IN BROWARD COUNTY, FLORIDA (USA)*
B.K. Walker, B. Riegl, R.E. Dodge, and R.P. Moyer National Coral Reef Institute, Nova Southeastern University Oceanographic Center 8000 N. Ocean Drive, Dania Beach, FL 33004
ABSTRACT
Off Broward County, Florida, three roughly parallel ridges exist. Two are drowned early Holocene reef lines of roughly 5ky and 7ky uncorrected radiocarbon age. These three hardgrounds are separated by sandy area and, in some regions, wide rubble beds. In order to map the sand, hardground and rubble areas, a combination of optically and acoustically remote-sensed information was integrated with traditional diver-derived ground-truthing information. Attempts to use supervised classification on aerial RGB images were unsuccessful due to turbidity and shading effects that led to misclassifications. Both LADS and multibeam bathymetry were used to produce a bathymetric map that allowed delineation of the hardground and sandy areas. Single-beam acoustic seafloor classification using QTCView 5 based on a 50 kHz signal was used to differentiate further between sand, solid rock and rubble areas. Ground-truthing of remote-sensed interfaces of sand/rubble/rock ("reef edges") employed divers on scooters that towed a WAAS-augmented GPS in a surface buoy allowing the divers to mark waypoints. The results showed that: (1) aerial imagery was not suitable for bottom classification due to depth, shading effects and turbidity (2) a combination of LADS bathymetry and acoustic bottom classification allowed to split sand/reef/rubble (3) a continuous, drowned barrier reef exists along the entire length of Broward County (4) the rubble beds are discontinuous and likely represent a leeward halo of reef-derived debris formed while the reef grew at or near sea-level (5) inshore hardgrounds are repeatedly buried by sand and exhumed again.(6) the sand/high-relief-reef interfaces are relatively stable.
___________________ * Presented at the Seventh International Conference on Remote Sensing for Marine and Coastal Environments, Miami, Florida, 20-22 May 2002.
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