an information system development strategy and project management methodology that uses minimal planning in favor of rapid prototyping.
Definition
History Idea in Late 1980s, formally in 1991 Scott Shultz and James Martin Frustration to Traditional SDLC (Waterfall Model)
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Product requirements (ex.FGDs, etc.) Prototyping
Characteristics
No specific planning
Timeboxing Incremental
Characteristics
Iterative
Re-use of existing prototypes Latest tools - RAD tools
Characteristics
Continuous integration
Process Flow
Process Flow
1. Users, managers, and IT staff agree upon business needs, project scope, and system requirements. 2. Obtain approval to continue.
Process Flow
1. Interact with users
1. Program and application development
2. Build models and prototypes
2. Applications are coded in this phase
3. JAD-type sessions
3. Unit integration and system testing
Process Flow
1. Data conversion
2. Full-scale testing 3. System changeover
4. User Training
Reduced time in planning, focuses on product requirements Conserve and reuse codes and functionalities of prototypes Overall reduction in project risk
Strengths
Higher end-user satisfactory due to involvement of customer Flexible and adapts to changes that occur during development Shorter iteration time - time boxing schedule
Strengths
Depends on strong team and individual performances for identifying business requirements
Only system that can be modularized can be built using RAD Requires highly skilled developers/designers
Weaknesses
High dependency on modeling skills
Inapplicable to cheaper projects as cost of modeling and automated code generation is very high Requires user involvement throughout the life cycle
Weaknesses
When do we use the
software development life cycle model?
1. If the budget permits use of automated code generating tools • 2. If there is a need to create a system that can be modularized in 2-3 months • 3. If requirements change during the course of the project
Model Application
High business knowledge of domain experts High availability of designers for modeling Highly skilled engineers/developers Smaller team (six or less preferably)
Team Capacity
Lack of commitment of customer and/or developers means failure of this model
Motivation is utmost important in using the RAD model
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