AFS Fish Culture Section
Fall 2011
Fish Culture Section of the American Fisheries Society Inside this issue:
Hall of Fame Induction…........5-6
AFS 2011 recap…….........7-12
Fish Health Help………….13-14
Aqua App Note………….15-17
B.C.’s ISA Scare……..….18-19
WGADCB……....21
AADAP………....23
NAJA content…...29
FCS Business Mtg Minutes……….30-33
PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE BY JIM BOWKER In my last message, I wrote about the nervous excitement I felt as I was about to be handed the gavel, signifying my transition from President-Elect to President of the Fish Culture Section. I’m not sure why I had this feeling. I had been working closely with the outgoing President on so many of the FCS projects, and had developed a pretty good understanding of what I would soon be responsible for. I guess that’s the point: now I’m the one who is responsible for not only the governance of the Section, but for maintaining the momentum that my predecessors have worked so hard to establish. One of my first responsibilities was to appoint Chairs for the standing and ad-hoc committees, and work with the Chairs to recruit committee members. This is a time when you can simply tap your friends and colleagues on the shoulder and say something like, ”Have I got a deal for you!” And that’s exactly what I did when I asked folks like Rob Schmidt and Lorraine Fries (TX Parks and Wildlife Dept) and some of my co-works here in Bozeman (Dan Carty, Molly Bowman, and Niccole Wandelear). However, I thought I’d take a slightly different approach and reached out to some of the FCS members that I didn’t know very
well, or in some cases at all to try to focus on establishing a wide-ranging representation of folks from around the country to help serve the Section. The time required to make the initial and follow-up calls was rewarded with getting an emphatic “YES” from everybody I asked. During virtually every call, I took the opportunity to share some of my concerns I had about who the Section represents, why many of those involved in some aspect of fish culture aren’t members, and some thoughts I had on how to address these concerns. Since my involvement in the governance of the Section, I’ve taken advantage of virtually every opportunity to ask fisheries professionals directly or indirectly involved in fish culture if they are members of AFS and/or the FCS. I’m so surprised that so few are members of AFS, and even fewer are members of the FCS. I’ve spoken with fish culturists who have been around the block a few times (Continued on page 2)
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President’s Message (continued) (Continued from page 1)
“Rather than concede and say, “Oh well, it is what it is,” a core group of us have challenged ourselves with developing and implementing a comprehensive game plan that we hope will continue to make the Section relevant to everybody involved in some aspect of fish culture.”
and who were at ‘ground-zero’ during the hatchery bashing days, as well as young fish culturists who have only heard the stories. What they haven’t heard, is that those days are pretty much over, and that the AFS Executive Committee is doing what they can to reach out to fish culturists. It has taken time, but those who have left the Society or have been reluctant to join are willing to give it a chance. I’ve also been surprised and somewhat disappointed that professionals involved in fields such as nutrition, physiology, fish health, marine fish culture, and drug/vaccine development belong to and feel more at home in other professional societies. Rather than concede and say, “Oh well, it is what it is,” a core group of us have challenged ourselves with developing and implementing a comprehensive game plan that we hope will continue to make the Section relevant to everybody involved in some aspect of fish culture. I’m happy to say that I think a game plan has been developed, and thanks to the creativity and tireless efforts of some of our membership, some things are happening that I hope will continue to bring positive attention to the Section. For example, Brian Gause (Southern Illinois University) is working on a plan to more effectively use social media to highlight hatcheries around the country; Matt Wipf (Montana Fish, Wildlife, and Parks) is working with a few of us to develop a new FCS brochure (It’s gonna rock!); Donna Muhm and Alan Johnson (Iowa DNR) are working with Cortney Ohs (University of Florida) to set up PayPal on the FCS website (to make it easier for our Affiliate members to join, and maybe sell some FCS swag in the future); and Jesse
Trushenski (SIU) is gathering some momentum behind the plan to redo Piper’s Fish Hatchery Management (Piper Redux— how cool will that be!). Many of these folks are ‘repeat offenders’ that have been engaged and active in the FCS for some time—I am thankful that they continue to find enthusiasm for the Section and keep working to make it better. But as grateful as I am to these folks, there’s a special kind of gratitude I feel toward Brad Ray (UofTenn-Martin), Cecelia Lewis (USFWS Washington Office), Mick Walsh (UofNH), Rob Schmidt and Lorraine Fries, (TX Parks and Wildlife Dept), Mike Matthews (FL Bass Conservation Center), Dan Mossier (KS Dept of Wildlife and Parks), Brian Wisner (PA Fish and Boat Commission), Bob Robinson (Kasco Marine) and others who have responded to my cold calls with equal verve and are stepping up to more active roles in the Section. I am grateful that they are taking a chance on the Section, but I’m confident they won’t be disappointed. In an effort to minimize the number of times I try to ‘reinvent the wheel,’ I’ve made an effort to call as many past FCS Presidents as I can. I’ve recently spoken with Chris Moffitt, Chris Kohler, and Bill Shelton about trying to recognize past Section Presidents. I’m hoping to be able to extend Honorary FCS Membership to past Presidents (and Hall of Famers) who are no longer members of the Section. This idea was hatched during a recent conversation I had with the Legendary Robert G. Piper, when I asked him if he’d read the latest FCS Newsletter, and he told me he’s no longer a member. The conversation went something like,”Bowker, I’m just toooo old for this stuff anymore.” When I ran the (Continued on page 3)
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President’s Message (continued) (Continued from page 2)
“I’m hoping to be able to extend Honorary FCS Membership to past Presidents (and Hall of Famers) who are no longer members of the Section. ”
idea of Honorary FCS Membership for Piper by Chris Kohler, he suggested going for the whole enchilada…Honorary Membership to AFS. Let me cut to the chase and let you know that I’ve taken this idea and run with it. I’m in the process of gathering the required 100 signatures, and will submit the completed petition to AFS and hope for a favorable 2/3 vote from the Society membership. I’m not sure how often Honorary Membership is granted, because I’m hoping to initiate the same for Charlie E. Smith next year. I’m hopeful that all these activities will draw attention to the value of AFS and FCS membership. Believe me when I tell you it’s going to take a group effort to make this happen, and I’m thankful that the FCS Ex Com and committee chairs and members are rising to the challenge to help extol the value and benefits of membership. It’s going to take some time, and in many cases, it’s going to require a lot of one-on-one conversations over coffee or a beer to convince folks that the Section is a home to those directly and indirectly involved in the culture of aquatic
species. However, when we have opportunities to take huge leaps forward, we’re going to jump on them. For example, thanks to Jesse T. and Alan J., we’re starting a membership drive, we will be sending a “we want you back” letter to over 100 AFS members who have let their FCS membership lapse, and will be identifying and reaching out to AFS members and others who we think could have a home in the FCS. To be fully successful in this last effort, we need to be able to clearly articulate the purpose of the Section, the tangible benefits of membership, and the value of membership in the Society and in the Section. Ah, the value of being an AFS member….sounds like a great topic for the next President’s message.
Las Vegas, Nevada February 29 - March 2
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Fish Culture Section Midyear Business Meeting March 1st, 2012 5-7 pm (date and time tentative)
In conjunction with Aquaculture America 2012 in Las Vegas, NV Rumor has it that the FCS President will provide light refreshments for attendees!!
FCS Awards Two Student Travel Awards for the 2011 Annual AFS Meeting The Student Travel Award Committee awarded two travel awards for Fish Culture Section student-members to attend the 2011 Annual American Fisheries Society Meeting in Seattle, Washington in September. Michelle (Mick) Walsh from the University of New Hampshire received one award for her abstract entitled, “Flatfish stocking—cage conditioning: feeding-related behaviors of two species reared on different hatchery feeds .” The second recipient was Zack Penney for his abstract entitled, “Understanding energy expenditure of upstream migration, sexual maturation, and kelt emigration of Snake River steelhead trout with bioenergetics models and empirical data from tissues.” The recipients received financial support to attend the meeting based on the presentations listed above in addition to their reasons for attending the meeting and prior scientific achievements. Mick and Zack were awarded certificates of recognition by President Jesse Trushenski at the Annual Business Meeting in Seattle. Congratulations to Mick and Zack. We look forward to more quality research and participation in the Fish Culture Section from both in the future!
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National Fish Culture Hall of Fame Review In a May 2011 ceremony, Dr. Howard Clemens and Dr. Robert Rucker were posthumously inducted into the Fish Culture Hall of Fame. Dr. Clemens is known for his role in the development of an effective and innovative fish culture training program for the Peace Corps. Dr. Rucker’s pioneering fish disease research was a major contributor to the success of modern fish culture. The event was well attended, with a number of descendants representing both individuals. The 2011 inductees make excellent additions to the Hall of Fame. To date, fifty-three notable fish culturists or contributors to the science of fish culture have received the honor. The AFS-Fish Culture Section’s Fish Culture Hall of Fame was established in 1985 and is located at the D.C. Booth Historic National Fish Hatchery and Archives in Spearfish, South Dakota. The Hall of Fame is sanctioned by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and is supported in part by the Booth Society, a 501(c)(3) nonprofit. American Fisheries Society membership is encouraged to increase their efforts to nominate individuals for potential induction into the Hall of Fame.
Photos #419-443 are of the Hall of Fame Induction Ceremony. http://www.flickr.com/photos/dcbfishhatchery/sets/72157626618687885/
Dr. Howard P. Clemens Dr. Howard P. Clemens, a dedicated and exceptional scientist, made significant contributions to fish culture through his service as an educator, professional researcher, and practicing fish farmer. He was born on May 31, 1923 in Arthur, Ontario, Canada and passed away in Norman, Oklahoma on November 20, 2007. He earned a B.S. and M.S. from the University of Western Ontario and a Ph.D. from Ohio State University in 1949. He began his professional career in 1949 in the Zoology Department of the University of Oklahoma where he engaged in an active program of teaching and research until his retirement in May 1983. ‘Howie’ to his friends and ‘Fish Doc’ to his students, he made his greatest contributions to fish culture in the area of fish reproduction. His exploration of basic questions in fish physiology found direct and rapid application to fish culture practices. The integral role of the pituitary gland in hormonal control of the reproductive cycle and its application to artificial propagation is a primary example. The direct use of pituitary glands to induce ovulation and spermiation were important applications to the management of reproduction. He was one of the first to apply steroid-induced sex-reversal techniques to tilapia, providing a practical mechanism to control excessive recruitment under culture conditions. Clemens made important contributions to the knowledge of channel catfish biology which were quickly adopted for food-fish aquaculture. These efforts were accomplished through active collaboration with U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service researchers at the Tishomingo National Fish Hatchery (Oklahoma). Chemical treatment of catfish diseases illustrates such applications. He also applied his knowledge for several years in the operation of his own catfish farm and was the 2nd president of the Catfish Farmers of America. Clemens contributed greatly to formal graduate student training and undergraduate education. He directed seventeen M.S. and Ph.D. programs. Perhaps he is most well known for his role in the development of an effective and innovative fish culture training program for the Peace Corps. He directly influenced hundreds of volunteers who were trained over a period of two decades; these volunteers applied their knowledge through basic extension techniques to farmers in 30 developing countries. Enshrined into the NATIONAL FISH CULTURE HALL OF FAME, Spearfish, South Dakota. Executive Committee, Fish Culture Section. American Fisheries Society, 2011
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Dr. Robert R. Rucker Dr. Robert R. Rucker was an internationally known fishery biologist. His pioneering fish disease research was a major contributor to the success of modern fish culture, both here and abroad. He was born on January 23, 1912, in Goodhue, Minnesota and died July 16, 1998, in Seattle, Washington. His career spanned almost forty years and dates back to the beginnings of fish disease research. In 1936, he began research for the Division of Scientific Inquiry, Bureau of Fisheries in Seattle. He moved to Corvallis (1948-1950) with Dr. Fred Fish to study water pollution in the Willamette River. In 1950, at the invitation of the University of Washington School of Fisheries, Dr. Rucker returned to Seattle and established the Western Fish Disease Laboratory (Western Fisheries Research Center), which he directed until his retirement in 1973. Fish Culture Hall of Fame recipient Dr. John Halver describes Dr. Rucker as the "Western USA Fish Disease Expert" who was always involved in discovering new fish diseases and developing effective control measures for infectious pathogens. Gary Wedemeyer provided an overview of Dr. Rucker's career and contribution to the field of fish culture in his 2001 speech at the Northwest Fish Culture Conference inducting Dr. Rucker into the Northwest Fish Culture Hall of Fame. "Dr. Rucker's contributions to fish culture really date back to about 1936 when he developed a pioneering fish disease research program at the Mountlake Laboratory, a part of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service in Seattle to help solve mortality problems plaguing the Leavenworth National Fish Hatchery. Working with Roger Burrows, he quickly discovered Columnaris disease, gas super saturation, cold-water disease, and bacterial kidney disease, among others. The work to control these diseases naturally grew in importance and in 1950, he established the Western Fish Disease Laboratory at the College of Fisheries at the University of Washington. He and his staff expanded their pioneering research and developed numerous new and improved diagnostic and control methods for infectious and non-infectious fish diseases then limiting the success of federal and state salmon hatcheries. Among his many contributions that have made modern fish hatcheries possible, Bob's pioneering work on the measurement and control of nitrogen super saturation/gas bubble disease stands out. His research findings in this area have long served as the foundation for the advanced measurement and degassing techniques routinely used in today's modern fish hatcheries. His work on infectious diseases was also outstanding and lead to international recognition of both Dr. Rucker and his staff. The bacterial pathogen Yersinia ruckeri was named after Dr. Rucker in recognition of the pioneering work he did in learning how to control the disease that was at the time seriously impacting the success of public and private hatcheries.” Enshrined into the NATIONAL FISH CULTURE HALL OF FAME, Spearfish, South Dakota. Executive Committee, Fish Culture Section. American Fisheries Society, 2011
Contributions to the Hall of Fame endowment can be made out to the Fish Culture Section and sent directly to the South Dakota Community Foundation 207 East Capitol— Box 296 Pierre, SD 57501 Each donation, regardless of size, will receive a receipt in letter form that the contribution is tax deductible.
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Symposia on hatcheries and the role of fish culture in the future of aquatic resources mark milestones at AFS 2011 The AFS Fish Culture, Bioengineering, and Fisheries Management Sections came together to organize a collaborative symposium for AFS 2011 entitled, “Stocking Conservation Issues: Integrative Methods in Recreational Fisheries (Part 1) and Science and Policy of Fish Propagation (Part 2)”. Focused on stocking of hatchery-reared fish and commercial aquaculture as pieces in the aquatic resource management puzzle, the symposium was one of the largest held at the Seattle meeting, which was the largest meeting in the 141-year history of AFS! Additionally, the Fish Culture Section joined the USFWS Abernathy Fish Technology Center as a co-sponsor of “Hatchery Nutrition—Feeding Fish for Tomorrow’s Changing World”, which focused on modern fish nutrition and the challenge to do more with less in the context of feeds and feeding strategies. These two symposia, in addition to the contributed hatcheries papers, marked within AFS a significant resurgence of fish culture, fish culturists, and those working in allied fields. That this resurgence occurred at an annual meeting in the Pacific Northwest, ‘ground zero’ for much of the conflict over propagated fishes and their role in aquatic resource management, is especially significant. Cultured fish have long been a component of fisheries management, and stocking continues to be the dominant management tool for maintaining or enhancing many fisheries and the primary means of restoring imperiled populations. The role of ‘hatchery fish’ has been dynamic and sometimes controversial, but it will undoubtedly remain central to aquatic resources management. In the past, principles and practices varied little among the different forms of fish culture—whether the fish were being raised for food or for conservation purposes, the propagation strategies weren’t all that different. Resulting concerns about the fitness, contribution, and value of hatchery fish to wild populations brought about a new perspective, promoting a more scientifically justifiable approach to hatchery operation and stocking programs which address conservation genetics, behavioral adaptations, wild/hatchery fish interactions, and the receiving waters themselves. Today, there is a growing understanding that how you culture fish depends on how the cultured fish will be used, and that stocking is just one tool in the fisheries management toolbox. The goal of these symposia was lofty—to cut across disciplines and bring diverse players to the table for a frank discussion of the successes, strategies that missed the mark, and most importantly, the science surrounding hatcheries. Symposium organizers Mike Allen, Mark Rogers, Eric Hallerman, Laura Hoberecht, Robert Arlinghaus, Ian Cowx, Jim Bowker, Tom Flagg, and Diane Windham (Stocking Conservation Issues), and Heidi Lewis and Ron Twibell (Hatchery Nutrition) are commended for their efforts to expand the dialogue among fisheries managers, culturists, geneticists, ecologists, physiologists, social scientists, and others. The 141th AFS annual meeting was held in the Pacific Northwest—a region known equally for its reverence of fisheries and sometimes controversial management of hatcheries and aquatic resources. The West is not only home to many threatened and endangered species, but also to innovative programs to halt and reverse the loss of aquatic diversity. What’s more, the western coastal communities boast some of the largest commercial aquaculture enterprises, including public/private partnerships and programs that blur the lines between sustainable food production and aquatic resource stewardship. Given this backdrop, these symposia highlighting the value of smart, scientifically justifiable hatchery and stocking programs really resonated with attendees of AFS 2011.
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Hatchery Nutrition: Feeding Fish for Tomorrow’s Changing World, a synopsis In accordance with the theme of the American Fisheries Society’s 141 st Annual Meeting, this symposium highlighted advances in sustainable hatchery nutrition intended to meet demands placed on hatcheries for “Tomorrow’s Changing World”. Over 100 participants attended the half-day symposium which provided fisheries professionals an overview of nutritional topics applicable to both cold- and warm-water facilities whether their objectives include conservation or supplemental stocking programs. Fourteen presenters shared their latest advancements in fish feeding, nutrition, and sustainable production. Key points that emerged from these presentations include: 1. Feeds and feeding strategies to minimize live feeds—the transition from live to pelleted feeds is a pivotal time in fish production. Diet acceptance by larval pacu and surubim is dependent on olfactory stimulation, whereas, diet digestibility and utilization can be improved by supplemental exogenous enzymes. Formulated feeds of optimal size, shape, and nutrient density offered at up to 10% body weight per day improve productivity of walleye and alligator gar culture during their transition from live feeds. Culture conditions can also be modified to limit cannibalism and encourage fish to feed train at an earlier age. 2. Species-specific diet optimization—all fish cannot be reared on the same formulation or fed at the same rate. Maternal diet deficiencies may reduce nutrient availability in the egg and limit larval development prior to first feeding. However, nutrient concentrations eliciting a deficiency response differ among taxa. Therefore, nutrient profiles must be tailored to individual taxa and/or populations, and evaluations of these formulations for hatchery production should extend beyond growth alone. Fish may grow well on feeds, but changes in body composition can alter fish performance after release from the hatchery. In addition, feeding rate and frequency can also alter growth and body composition. 3. Altered behavior and physiological consequences of feeds and feeding strategies-- changes in fish composition due to dietary manipulations should be evaluated with respect to performance-based criteria. When evaluating alternate feed formulations, nutrient interactions and anti-nutrient factors can cause early mortality, deformities, and premature reproductive maturation in some fish even though growth may not be curtailed for the entire population. Even subtle changes in feeding behavior within the hatchery can have profound consequences on post-release behavior. 4. Feed quality control and sustainability—feed monitoring and quality control programs are essential. Feed formulations may not need to contain high quantities of fish meal as long as all nutrient requirements of the hatchery fish are met. Replacing marine animal meals and oils with plant-based alternates may reduce contaminant loads in fish feeds. With respect to Pacific salmonids, maternal transfer appears to be a large contributor of lipid-soluble contaminants to hatchery fish, whereas, normal growth due to feeding pelleted hatchery feeds at recommended rations may dilute these contaminants. In order to achieve production goals, our nation’s hatcheries must have access to high-quality feeds that meet the anticipated nutritional demands of their respective taxa. Without these high quality feeds, hatcheries cannot produce fish to meet demands of their respective stocking programs. This symposium served as a means to open lines of communication among fisheries professionals. We hope research into the topics discussed above will continue to increase the efficiency at which propagated fish can meet the needs of fisheries managers throughout the world. (Continued on page 12)
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(Continued from page 11)
List of Presenters: Michael Rust, NOAA Fisheries; Konrad Dabrowski, The Ohio State University; Maria Celia Portella, Sao Paulo State University; J. Alan Johnson, Iowa Department of Natural Resources; Brett A. Timmons, University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff; Michelle L. Walsh, University of New Hampshire; John Bowzer, Southern Illinois University; Brian R. Gause, Southern Illinois University; Colleen Caldwell, U.S. Geological Survey; Donald Larsen, NOAA Fisheries; Ann L. Gannam, U.S. Fish & Wildlife; Alec G. Maule, U.S. Geological Survey; Ronald Twibell, U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service; and Heidi Lewis, U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service We would like to thank all participants for their contributions to the symposium, Heidi Lewis and Ron Twibell Hatchery Nutrition Co-chairs Abernathy Fish Technology Center U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 1440 Abernathy Creek Road Longview, Washington 98632
USDA-ARS and USFWS Aim to Make U.S. Aquaculture More Sustainable, Provide Resources to Others Pursuing the Same Goal For decades, the aquaculture industry has understood the risks associated with overreliance on marine-derived feedstuffs. Higher feed prices and production costs, public concern regarding environmental impacts and food safety, issues with effluents and discharge permits—all are linked to the use of fish meals and oils in aquafeeds. While there may not be silver bullet to solve all of these feed-related problems—as I often say, there’s really only one ingredient that has the exact properties and price of fish meal, and it’s called fish meal—fish nutritionists are making step-wise progress towards using marine resources more judiciously and making aquaculture more environmentally and economically sustainable. Researchers with the USDA-ARS Trout-Grains Project have been working hard to develop economical, effective feeds for the rainbow trout industry using grains and grain derivatives. In the process, they have also produced some nifty resources for other nutritionists, such as access to fully characterized test ingredients, rubrics for ingredient evaluation, and now, in cooperation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the H.K. Dupree Stuttgart National Aquaculture Research Center, a Digestibility Database. Free to download as an Excel spreadsheet, the Digestibility Database describes the nutrient composition of more than 50 commonly used feedstuffs, as well as the macronutrient, amino acid, and mineral digestibilities for each of these feedstuffs for rainbow trout and hybrid striped bass. This is a great resource for those wishing to assess new ingredients or fine-tune their formulations on a nutrient digestibility basis. Thanks to Drs. Rick Barrows, Gibson Gaylord, Wendy Sealey, and Steve Rawles and their respective programs for making this resource available.
To learn more about the Trout-Grains Project, click here: http://www.ars.usda.gov/Main/docs.htm?cid=21897
To download the Digestibility Database, click here: http://www.ars.usda.gov/Main/docs.htm?docid=21905
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For more information on ISA Reports, visit any of the news stories below (and many more) provided by The Society for the Positive Awareness of Aquaculture...
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http://www.nasac.net/ Newsletters, Member Directories, Aquaculture News, and MORE!!
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PROGRESS UPDATES—WORKING GROUP ON AQUACULTURE DRUGS, CHEMICALS, AND BIOLOGICS (WGADCB) Earlier this summer, the WGADCB organized a “listening session” or stakeholders’ meeting with key representatives of FDA CVM to discuss strategies to improve the approval process for drug approvals. The meeting was held August 1, 2011 in Bozeman, Montana and was well-attended, with the public-data generating partners, more than a dozen FDA CVM staff, drug sponsors, and the WGADCB leadership all coming together to try to address issues related to aquaculture drug research and approval. With the help of Eric Dubbin, a CVM staffer who moonlights as a facilitator, the group worked through the listening session talking points, ranging from data requirements to establish efficacy and safety to the complexities associated with labeling and packaging restrictions. Although minutes were not taken during the listening session itself, the major issues and outcomes were discussed during the WGADCB meeting held later that week during the 17th Annual USFWS Drug Approval Coordination Workshop. As you can see from the minutes from the WGADCB meeting (available here), some substantive progress is being made, though there are still quite a few action items that are as-yet unresolved. What is important is that the listening session started a dialogue among the aquaculture drug stakeholders, and that everyone came to the table ready to work and open to new ways of doing business. Over the next few months, it will become clear whether the proposed solutions are workable and if ‘talking the talk’ during the listening sessions is helping us in ‘walking the walk’ towards a more effective aquaculture drug approval process. The WGADCB exists to support of the development, and safe and legal use of aquaculture drugs, chemicals and biologics—one way or another, the WGADCB leadership is committed to fulfilling that purpose. To accomplish our goals, we need the help of knowledgeable people with all kinds of expertise. Biochemistry and pharmacology, fish diseases and pathology, environmental science, risk assessment, and many, many more disciplines are involved in the development, approval, and judicious use of aquaculture drugs. WGADCB participants cover a lot of this ground, but we also recognize the need to expand our ranks to include others with the skills we currently lack. Recently, the WGADCB did a self-
assessment to determine our strengths and weaknesses (available here). The good news is that we are strong in many of the areas identified in the survey—fish health, fish culture, efficacy and safety testing, etc. We need to identify some individuals to build our knowledge base in histopathology, toxicology and environmental fate, analytical chemistry, genetics, endocrinology, and a few other areas. Do you know someone with expertise in one or more of these areas? Drop them a line or put them in touch with one of the WGADCB co-chairs! One of the most visible efforts of the WGADCB was the development of the “Guide to Using Drugs, Biologics, and Other Chemicals in Aquaculture” and the companion drug treatment calculator. We are proud to announce that new editions of these popular resources are now available via the AADAP and Fish Culture Section websites (see page 5). The Guide has been revised to correct a few minor errors, update some links, and provide contact information for endusers to report mistakes or make recommendations for future editions of the Guide. The treatment calculator has been expanded to include calculation worksheets for drugs available under the USFWS National INAD Program, and for those who can’t access the Excel 2007 (.xlsx) version, the original calculator is now available in Excel 97-2003 (.xls) format. Many thanks to the WGADCB leadership and other volunteers for reviewing the Guide and treatment calculators and helping to put tools—strike that, NEW and IMPROVED tools—in the hands of fish culturists, fish health biologists, veterinarians, students learning the ropes of fish culture, instructors looking to reinforce the calculations they teach in the classroom, and other end-users of aquaculture drugs. For more information on current WGADCB activities, please see the meeting minutes (available here), contact one of the co-chairs, or better yet, come to our next meeting! The next meeting of the WGADCB will be held in conjunction with the Aquaculture America conference to be held in Las Vegas, Nevada from February 29 to March 2, 2012. Stay tuned to the AADAP website for WGADCB meeting scheduling announcements. —Jesse Trushenski
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Walleye Culture Symposium It has been said that 2011 is the “Year of the Walleye” with publication of the AFS “Biology, Management, and Culture of Walleye and Sauger” (Barton ed.) and other symposia on walleye taking place this year. A great knowledge base of walleye culture techniques exists and is constantly being improved upon. To further dissemination of the latest information, we are hosting a symposium at the 72nd Midwest Fish and Wildlife Conference, December 6, 2011; Des Moines, IA. We have a full morning session planned with topics that includes walleye sedation, larval rearing, pond culture, grow out, hybridization, and VHS. Research and production presenters are from Iowa, Illinois, Michigan, Ohio, South Dakota, Vermont, and Wisconsin. NEW! Included is a tour to Rathbun Fish Hatchery and Fish Culture Research Facility planned for the afternoon. A limited number of tour seats are available, reserve by emailing
[email protected]. Conference information is available at: http://www.midwest2011.org.
Summerfelt named member of the University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point 2011 Distinguished Alumni Council Robert (Bob) Summerfelt, professor emeritus at Iowa State University, was awarded distinguished alumnus, October 2011, College of Letters and Science, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point (’57). As well as 35 years at Iowa State, where he was chair, Department of Animal Ecology for nine years, Bob was on the faculty at Kansas State University and at Oklahoma State where for ten years he employed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service as leader of the Cooperative Fishery Research Unit. He also has been visiting professor at Utah State and taught summer session at Southern Illinois University and the University of Oregon’s Institute of Marine Science. In his academic career, was advisor to 600 undergraduates, and 42 M.S. and 8 Ph.D. students completed degrees under his supervision. His diverse research interests are represented by 186 publications in fish biology covering a diversity of topics including telemetry, age and growth, physiology, parasitology, aquaculture, aquatic toxicology, winterkill lakes, and lake aeration. In the last 20 years, he and his students have given over 100 talks at professional meetings, and produced 55 articles, 10 book chapters, and 4 major reviews on both pond and intensive culture of walleye, including the most recent chapter Culture of walleye, sauger, and hybrid walleye for the AFS special publication on Biology, management, and culture of walleye, sauger, and hybrid walleye. Bob was elected to the Fish Culture Hall of Fame May 2001.
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www.fws.gov/ fisheries/aadap
USFWS AADAP Program Drug Research Information Bulletins: a quick way to access information about aquaculture drug safety and effectiveness
For 20+ years, research has been conducted in support of aquaculture drug approvals that are ultimately granted by the U. S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Results from many of the studies are of interest to fisheries professionals because they demonstrate (1) whether a drug is effective for a particular purpose (e.g., to control mortality, to mark skeletal tissue, to reduce ectoparasite infestations), (2) whether a drug is safe to fish when administered at higher concentrations and for longer durations than the proposed efficacious dose, or (3) how long it takes for drug residues in fish tissues to fall below a specified concentration. Although efforts are made to publish such results in peer-reviewed journals, manuscripts may be published years after completion of the studies or not at all. It is for these reasons that USFWS’s AADAP researchers ‘publish’ Drug Research Information Bulletins (DRIBs) immediately after reports are finalized and submitted to FDA in support of a drug approval. DRIBs are typically two pages, provide a brief introduction, description of methods and results, and conclusion, and are ‘published’ on the AADAP website. Currently, 27 such DRIBS have been published and range in topics from the Effectiveness of Slice to Reduce Infestations of Salmincola californiensis in Rainbow Trout to the Safety of Aquaflor Administered in Feed to Sunshine Bass to the Stability of Eugenol in Solutions of AQUI-S 20E. To view or download a DRIB, visit the AADAP website and click on Publications in the Drug Research dropdown menu, or click here to go to the DRIB webpage directly:
http://www.fws.gov/fisheries/aadap/publications.HTM
Click the box above to access AADAP’s latest newsletter directly.
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International workshop CLIMAQUA “Climate change and Aquaculture: effect on biology, ecology and productions” March 7th - 9th 2012, Capo Granitola, Mazara del Vallo (TP), ITALY The Aquaculture committee of the Italian Society of Marine Biology is proud to announce the international CLIMAQUA workshop “Climate change and Aquaculture: effect on biology, ecology and productions”. The workshop will be held in Capo Granitola, Mazara del Vallo (TP), ITALY on March 7th and 9th 2012. The workshop has been designed to promote high-level, complementary and crosscutting approaches. Furthermore, its structure will foster bi-directional dialogue among participants who are invited to play an active role during plenary and poster sessions.
http://www.sibm.it/CLIMAQUA/principaleclimaqua.htm Abstract submission deadline extension: December 15th
62nd Annual Northwest Fish Culture Conference 2011
"Spawning New Ideas - Thinking Outside The Hatchery" December 6 - 8, 2011 Victoria, BC, Canada
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JOB ANNOUCEMENT— The US Geological Survey, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, in Bozeman Montana will be advertising for a Full-Time, Term, GS 7/9 Fisheries Biologist, GS-0482-09. Applications to the vacancy must be received on-line via USAJOBS. It is expected that the vacancy will be open for a one week during the last week of November. The position’s focus will center on, but not be limited too, fishery issues concerning aquatic invasive species. Responsibilities: Primary duties include writing and preparing protocols, standard operating procedures (SOPs), reports, and publications. The incumbent will participate in planning and execution of complex multidisciplinary studies concerning habitats and food webs that support fishes and associated ecosystem processes. The incumbent will organize and lead field-sampling operations at local and remote locations (may be away up to 15 days at a time). The incumbent will ensure proper and efficient collection, handling, and transfer of samples. The incumbent will be required to operate and manage a wide variety of specialized equipment used for measurement of biological, chemical, and physical properties of aquatic systems. Qualifications: This position requires specific educational course work to qualify, and an advanced degree in a fishery related field is highly preferred. You are required to provide all unofficial transcripts (undergraduate, graduate, etc.) or list of course work, which includes semester hours earned and grade received, by the closing date of this announcement or you will be disqualified from further consideration. This proof may be faxed, document uploaded, or hand delivered to the servicing Human Resources Office (see "Required Documents" and/or "Contact Information"). Please ensure that all documentation is legible. If you are currently employed by the Federal government in the same occupational series as the advertised position, you are not required to submit transcripts at this time. If you are qualifying based on specialized experience you must have one year of appropriate professional experience in fishery biology that is equivalent to at least the GS-07 level in the Federal service. Examples include: professional experience in fishery biology that is equivalent to at least the GS-07 level in the Federal service. Examples of such experience could include assisting in the design and implementation of fishery surveys and standard fishery field procedures, technical evaluation of habitat, logistical planning of field studies, quality control of data collection, data management and analysis, and report preparation. You must meet all qualification and eligibility requirements for the position by the closing date of the announcement. This position will have both a field and office administrative component. Individuals with skills in report and manuscript preparation, maintaining detailed and accurate records of methodologies, data, and data analyses performed in research are strongly preferred. Organizing and leading fish monitoring and research are also key skills for this position. Contact: Interested persons should follow instructions posted in the upcoming vacancy on USAJOBS
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Click here for more information
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NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE Volume 73 Issue 4
Growth, survival, and body composition of sunshine bass after a feeding and fasting experimnet J. Bowzer, K. Dabrowski, K. Ware, T. Ostaszewska, M. Kamaszewski, and M. Botero
Rapid estimation of gonad-to-body ratio in eastern oysters by image analysis R. Quintana, W.M. Burnside, J.E. Supan, J.W. Lynn, and T.R. Tiersch
Evaluation of the viability and growth of walleye embryos and larvae after antiviral iodine treatment J.Bowzer, K. Dabrowski, M. Jaraszewska, K. Ware, and K. Kwasek
Efficacy of comman aquaculture compounds for disinfection of Aeromonas hydrophila, A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida, and A. salmonicida subsp. achromogenes at various temperatures M.E. Mainous, D.D. Kuhn, and S.A. Smith
Predictors of walleye growth and survival in Michigan hatchery ponds The critical thermal maximum of juvenile red drum M.R. Knoll, and T.L. Galarowicz reared for out-of-season stocking in Texas D.L. McDonald, P.D. Cason, and B.W. Bumguardner Interpretation of pH, acidity, and alkalinity in aquaculture and fisheries Growth performance, tissue fatty acid composition, C.E. Boyd, C.S. Tucker, and R. Viriyatum and consumer appeal of rainbow trout reared on Transitioning coho salmon broodstock to a feeds containing terrestrially derived rendered fats J. Trushenski, J. Rosenquist, and B. Gause docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-rich diet during vitellogenesis: effects on egg composition and Sperm metabolism and biochemical characteristics embryo and fry quality in first-time and second-time spawners of farmed R.B. Johnson, E.L. Kroeger, C.S. Carter, W.L. Reichert, Atlantic cod and M.B. Rust D. Hamoutene, L. Lush, K. Burt, S. Samuelson, D. Drover, and A. Walsh Quality assessment of wild Atlantic sturgeon semen under conditions of short-term storage Effects of stargrass hay supplementation on growth K.M. Dorsey, H.D. Guthrie, G.R. Welch, J. Mohler, D.D. and survival of juvenile redclaw crayfish Cherex Theisen, F. Siewerdt, B.T. Vinyard, and L.C. Woods III quadricarinatus A. Garza de Yta, D.A. Davis, D.B. Rouse, I. P. Saoud, Water quality in tilapia transport: from the farm to and J. Ghanawi the retail store J. Colt, T. Momoda, R. Chitwood, G. Fornshell, and C. The role of activated lignite carbon in the Schreck development of head and lateral line erosion in the ocean surgeon Growth performance and tissue fatty acid J. Hemdal and R.A. Odum composition of largemouth bass fed diets containing fish oil or blends of fish oil and soy-derived lipids J. Laporte and J. Trushenski Genetic variation analysis in wild and cultured subpopulations of small abalone Haliotis diversicolor estimated by microsatellite markers W. you, X. Zhan, D. Wang, W. Li, X. Luo, and C. Ke
Click the catfish to access this issue of NAJA!
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Fish Culture Section of the American Fisheries Society Annual FCS Business Meeting, September 4, 2011, Richmond Room of the Seattle Sheraton Hotel, Seattle WA Attendance Jim Bowker USFWS Aquatic Animal Drug Approval Partnership Program Alan Johnson (Iowa Dept. Natural Resources) Bonnie Mulligan (Southern Illinois University Carbondale) John Bowzer (Southern Illinois University Carbondale) Brian Gause (Southern Illinois University Carbondale) Heidi Lewis (USFWS Abernathy Fish Technology Center) Dan Mosier, II (Kansas Dept. Wildlife, Parks, and Tourism) Zach Penney (University of Idaho) Alf Haukenes (University of Arkansas Pine Bluff) Steve Lochmann (University of Arkansas Pine Bluff) Wayne Hubert (AFS President) Brad Ray (University of Tennessee Martin) Tom Flagg (NOAA Fisheries) Jeff Hill (University of Florida) Randi Smith (USFWS) Andy Davison (University of Washington) William Shelton (University of Oklahoma) Don Jackson (Mississippi State University) Christine Moffitt (University of Idaho) Mike Brown (South Dakota State University) I.
Call to order. A. The meeting was called to order by FCS President Jesse Trushenski (JT). B. President Elect Jim Bowker (JB) established that a quorum was present. C. JT recognized the current officers (President-Elect JB; Alan Johnson standing in for Secretary-Treasurer Donna Muhm) and welcomed guests Don Jackson (AFS Past-President) and current AFS President Wayne Hubert. President Hubert recognized the efforts of JT and JB to recruit fish culturists to join the AFS.
II. Approval of previous meeting minutes: A. Minutes were distributed in the Spring 2011 FCS Newsletter. B. Bill Shelton moved that the minutes be approved as published; Jeff Hill seconded the motion. There was no further discussion; motion to approve the minutes was passed. III. Financial Report (in the absence of Donna Muhm, JT distributed a written report and highlighted several line items). A. FCS was an associate sponsor of Aquaculture America 2011 and a proceeds check was received. JB commented that we need to encourage members to check the FCS box when registering for Aquaculture America indicating they are a FCS member (the FCS receives proceeds from the meeting based on the number of attendees that check the box identifying themselves as FCS members). B. FCS funds ($1,000) approved by FCS EXCOM were used for the printing of the Approved Aquaculture Drugs Desk Reference. JB described the content of the desk reference and its utility as a handy reference on the proper use of aquaculture drugs. The target audience for the reference is fish culturists, fish health biologists (Continued on page 31)
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involved with fish culturists, educators, etc. This publication is available to FCS members free of charge. Fish Health section also provided funding to offset the cost of printing the reference. C. FCS budget is basically static right now, which is good news. We are building a ‘war chest’ that will be used, in part, to help recruit and retain new members to the Section. IV. 2011-2012 FCS Budget A. JT distributed a written copy of the budget proposal, which had been previously approved by FCS EXCOM for distribution to the membership (Page 32). JT and JB developed the budget to be conservative and largely the same as in past years. B. Dan Mosier moved to approve the budget; JB seconded the motion. There was no further discussion of the budget; motion to approve the budget passed. . V. Standing Committee Reports. A. Membership – JT discussed the bylaws regarding Affiliate membership. Formerly, Affiliate FCS members were required to purchase a subscription to NAJA, but a revision to the FCS bylaws removing this requirement was approved by the AFS Governing Board (GB). This revision will allow FCS to establish a link on our website to allow individuals to become members or renew Affiliate membership online. The GB discussed Affiliate memberships, and many agree that this type of membership can be a tool to bring in new members to the Section and build membership in the AFS parent society. 1. Dan Mosier asked about the future Affiliate member rate for NAJA subscription; JT stated that the question of Affiliate member subscription rates was referred to the AFS Membership Concerns Committee and is being reviewed at this time. 2. Bill Shelton asked what other sections offer Affiliate memberships; JT responded that FCS and Fish Health Section are the only two Sections that offer this option formally within their bylaws, however, this option is also informally offered for some other AFS units, e.g., many State Chapters. 3. Don Jackson stated that the GB believes that Affiliate members are friends of the AFS and good conduits to get our science out. Bill Fisher, new President of AFS, will be working on the Affiliate issue as part of his 2011-2012 workplan. 4. JB stated that the FCS goal is to show a clear benefit to becoming a member of the AFS – JT and JB are intensely committed to increasing involvement in the FCS, by both Affiliates and full AFS members. B. Newsletter – Heidi Lewis will continue to produce the newsletter, and JT noted she is doing a great job and we are lucky to have her for as long as she’ll serve. C. Programming – JB reported that, working with various other AFS units, he has developed symposia for past and current AFS meetings. These symposia have focused on the use of propagated fish to enhance recovery and restoration issues, and included presentations by fish culturists, fisheries managers, fish health biologists, geneticist, and others. Heidi Lewis also developed a FCS-sponsored Hatchery Nutrition Symposium at AFS 2011. JB mentioned that he has had some initial discussions with several Fish Health Section (FHS) members about putting together a joint FCS and FHS symposium at AFS 2012, and the FHS is interested. D. PFIRM - JT discussed the Propagated Fish in Resource Management (PFIRM) initiative on behalf of PFIRM liaison, Vince Mudrak. This event has been held approximately every 10 years, and the next symposium and facilitated workshop should be scheduled to coincide with AFS 2013-14. Jeff Hill (President, Introduced Fish Section) indicated that this Section is be interested in being involved in the next PFIRM session. JT added that Vince Mudrak is in the midst of garnering support from the other key Sections (Fisheries Management, Fisheries Administration, etc.) to begin planning for another PFIRM in 2013-2014. E. Hall of Fame - As a cost-savings step, two individuals (Dr. Robert Rucker and Dr. Howard Clemens) were inducted into the Fish Culture Hall of Fame this year during DC Booth Days (May 14 and 15, 2011). F. Awards - Alf Haukenes said that the increased dollar amount of the travel awards made for much more competition. 1. JT announced the student travel award winners for Aquaculture America 2011: Matt Dawson (Best Abstract), Walker David Wright-Moore (Best Abstract), and Er Hu (Joint FCS-USAS Best Abstract Award)
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2. JT announced the student travel award winners for AFS 2012: Mick Walsh (Best Abstract) and Zack Penney (Best Abstract). 3. JB asked if attending the AFS Leadership training (Leading at all levels of AFS – held annually on the day before the start of the meeting) should be a stipulation for receiving this award? Zack Penney indicated that he would have been willing to attend this training. G. Continuing Education – Alf Haukenes is planning to meet with Dan Daualter (AFS CE Committee) to discuss current CE projects. 1. JB stated that Curry Woods received a $2000 grant for a continuing education project, and the funds were used, in part, to develop a video entitled “Legal and Judicious Use of Drugs for Use in Aquaculture.” This was another product spearheaded by and for the FCS (and others). This project is DONE. Alf said that establishing a process to obtain continuing education credits for this new module has been difficult, and that the process is not yet complete. a. Bill Shelton suggested a need for clarification between drug use for sportfish and foodfish. JB summed up this issue by describing this differentiation as a “sticky wicket” but was addressed, in part, within the CE module. 2. Steve Rawles is proposing a statistics training module on Proc GLIMMIX for AA 2012. H. Ad-hoc committee – Working Group on Aquaculture Drugs, Chemicals, and Biologics (WGADCB). 1. JT – an additional printing of the desk reference for fish drugs already is needed (the first 1,000 copies have been distributed). 2. JB – gave an update from the Listening Session (LS) with staff from FDA’s Center for Veterinary Medicine (CVM) who are involved in aquaculture drug approval review. The LS was held in conjunction with the 17th Annual Aquaculture Drug Approval Coordination Workshop held in Bozeman, MT, August 1 – 5, 2011: 18 CVM staff members were in Bozeman and an additional 12 attended via telecom from their office in Rockville, MD. We need to work cooperatively and collegially with FDA-CVM to help fix what is recognized as a broken drug approval system. The LS was considered “ground breaking” in that CVM appeared to be willing to work towards improving the efficiency of the drug approval process. This effort will require additional LS that will be scheduled over the next couple of years. 3. The FCS has led the charge on development of an AFS Policy Statement on the Need for an ImmediateRelease Fish Sedative. The GB approved moving the Policy Statement forward for a vote by the full membership for acceptance of this Policy Statement. It is the intent of AFS to use this Policy Statement as leverage to convince CVM to expedite review of data submitted in support of approval for such sedatives and to allow sedatives to be used in the interim as immediate-release products. JB will attend the USAS board meeting at AA 2012 and request that they support the Policy Statement and use it in a manner similar to AFS (as leverage to expedite approval). a. Chris Moffitt stated that JT will receive a Distinguished Service Award at the Plenary Session for her role in developing this Policy Statement. JT blushed and added that a great many more individuals helped with the Policy Statement, especially JB. VI. North American Journal of Aquaculture: (In the absence of Editors Chris Kohler and Bruce Barton, JT provided the report). A. International submissions have gone up since Taylor and Francis took over as publisher of NAJA. B. Alf Haukenes mentioned that finding Progressive Fish Culturist articles on Google was a problem, and JB said that he will bring that up to the Editorial Board meeting (scheduled for later in the week). VII. Other Business: A. JT presented plaques/certificate of appreciation to outgoing officers Donna Muhm and JB . JT also presented JB with a picture of his ‘presidential brick’ in the Walk of Fame at DC Booth Fish Culture Hall of Fame and Hatchery. B. The new officers—President Jim Bowker, President-Elect Jesse Trushenski, and Secretary-Treasurer Alan Johnson—were recognized and installed.
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VIII. New Business. A. JB presented JT with a plaque/certificate of appreciation for her service as President and made remarks on JT’s continuing efforts to make FCS better than it is today by getting things done and moving forward. “We are going to ride this reemerging wave”. JT also donned the Superwoman cape presented to her by JB. . B. JB made a few remarks regarding his plan for the next 2 years for the Section, and expressed his strong commitment to continue to move the FCS forward as the professional organization for fish culturists. C. Hearing no other new business, JB called for a motion to adjourn. JT moved to adjourn; Bill Shelton seconded the motion. No further discussion; motion was approved by unanimous consent.
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Newsletter of the Fish Culture Section of the American Fisheries Society Fall 2011 President............................................Jim Bowker Immediate Past-President.................Jesse Trushenski President-elect...................................Jesse Trushenski Secretary-Treasurer...........................Alan Johnson Committee Chairpersons (Standing): Auditing...............................................................................Mick Walsh Hall of Fame.........................................................................Jesse Trushenski Membership.........................................................................Jim Bowker Newsletter............................................................................Heidi (Lewis) Hill Nominating..........................................................................Jesse Trushenski Program................................................................................Jesse Trushenski Committee Chairpersons (Ad Hoc): Continuing Education.........................................................Mike Matthews Student Awards...................................................................Bradley Ray Student.................................................................................Bonnie Mulligan President’s Appointees: FCS Representative to PFIRM............................................Vince Mudrak FCS Representative to Triennial Program Committee......Jim Bowker FCS Representative to Triennial Steering Committee…...Jesse Trushenski FCS Liaison to USAS...........................................................VACANT FCS Webmaster...................................................................Cortney Ohs Contact Information: Jim Bowker………………………………………
[email protected] Jesse Trushenski.......................................................saluski@siu.edu Alan Johnson...........................................................alan.johnson@dnr.iowa.gov Mick Walsh………………………………………
[email protected] Heidi (Lewis) Hill....................................................heidi_hill@fws.gov Mike Matthews……………………………………
[email protected] Bradley Ray………………………………………
[email protected] Bonnie Mulligan…………………………………
[email protected] Vince Mudrak..........................................................Vincent.Mudrak@fws.gov Cortney Ohs.............................................................cohs@ufl.edu
