emergency pit latrine: superstructure with local materials and mud plaster
earthen raised single pit latrine
Earthen raised single pit latrine
Earthen raised single pit latrine: design & drawing
Combined pit latrine: design & drawing
Combined Pit Latrine
- Two Pit (direct – 3 rings, off-set – 4 rings) - Pits are connected by PVC pipe - Volume increased without increasing depth - Suitable for shallow water table areas - ease to de-sludge
Combined Pit Latrine
Cluster latrine: design & drawing
Cluster latrine
Cluster latrine
- Two chambers with different pits constructed in same compound - Shared among 3-4 families - Twin pits with 9 rings - Connected off-set two pits, easy for desludging - Minimized space requirement
Eco-San Latrine: special features
- Two separate chambers for accumulation of feces which allow feces to convert into compost - Pre-cast RCC roof and pan - In-built system ensuring separation of feces, urine and cleansing water - Long term use - Desludging is not required
Eco-San Latrine: design & drawing
Eco-San Latrine: utilization of urine
Urine Diversion Latrine: features, design and drawing
Special Features - Desludging required but frequency less - In-built system which ensures separate storage of feces, urine and cleansing water - Appropriate for flood, water logging context - Can be used first phase of emergency - low cost compare to eco-san
50mm RCC (1:2:4) slab
Urine Diversion Latrine WASH Innovation Fund Project 2009 Latrine Solutions for flood prone area of Bangladesh Oxfam GB, Bangladesh programme House 4, Road 3, Block I Banani, Dhaka-1213, Bangladesh
CAD by Sanjan Kumar barua Project Officer (Engineer) WASH Innovation Fund Project 2009 Oxfam GB, Bangladesh Programme
Urine Diversion Latrine
UDL in emergency context: features
- ease replaceable pit - easily mountable and dismountable frame - frame and squat pan & slab can be manufactured before emergency and can be kept as contingency stock - whole set can be stored and transported just after emergency - In-built system which ensures separate storage of feces, urine and cleaning water
UDL in emergency context: design & drawing
UDL in emergency context: design & drawing
UDL in emergency context: practical training on installation
UD Floating Toilet: features - It is UD latrine (separate container for solid, urine and cleansing water) - A replaceable container to accumulate excreta - Two containers with filter media to treat cleansing water - Separate jerrycane to store urine - empty containers act as buoyant - In-built system ensuring separation of feces, urine and anal cleaning water - Appropriate for water logging, flood prone areas
UD Floating Toilet: design & drawing
UD Floating Toilet: at field
Pour flush latrine: with hand washing facility
WASH in school
Laundry pads at village
Desludging Technology – Diaphragm Hand Pumps: features
1. 2. 3. 4.
Simultaneous sucking and disposal of sludge at certain distance without contacting sludge Manually operated Desludging of a latrine waste (5 rings) within 15-20 minutes Pump body and all other accessories locally assembled and produced
Desludging Technology: advantages and dis-advantages Advantages: 1. disposal of waste safely 2. Low operation and maintenance cost 3. Less environmental pollution 4. Suitable for emergency, camp and slum situation Disadvantages: 1. Unable to deal with dry sludge and other solid objects 2. Requires disposal site 3. High cost of equipment (Tk. 20,000) - primarily 4. Cleaning of the equipment
Desludging Technology: in action
Desludging Technology: in action
Desludging Technology: community comments Community comments
‘It is a nice technology, as anyone can easily handle it’ ‘This is a good technology as it reduces bad smell and ensures less pollution of environment’ ‘Reduces health hazard and increase income’………………… Kuchuya, Sweeper, Faridpur
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