Introduction to SubSaharan Africa So far, we have learned that:
• Many Americans know little about Africa • The people of Africa generally have the same stereotypes about them • Sub-Saharan Africa is made up of many cultures, not one • Selected geography of sub-Saharan Africa • “Africa is a continent, not a country” 1
Sub-Saharan Africa “Toolkit Themes…” Geography Political Systems The impact of imperialism on sub-Saharan Africa The impact of Civil Conflict Case study: Rwanda Economics Analyzing standards of living Case study: The Economic impact of AIDS in African nations Cultural and Religions Traditions (your AMAZING projects!) Stories of Hope and Change: Apartheid in South Africa
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World Cultures 9 - Africa
Unit II: Sub-Saharan Africa*
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Imperialism Defined (EQ1) * Aggressive extension of authority over a weaker nation 1870 to 1914 is known as the “Age of Imperialism”
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Imperialism Defined * Aggressive extension of authority over a weaker nation 1870 to 1914 is known as the “Age of Imperialism” Causes of Imperialism (The 3 P’s) Profit – forcing people to work as cheap labor; finding raw materials; establishing new markets for goods
Political Power - competing with other nations for control of a region Piety - spreading religious beliefs to an “uncivilized” group; encouraging adoption of western culture
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Age of Imperialism
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World Cultures 9 - Africa
Why Africa? (EQ2)* Profit Africa had natural resources (example: cotton, rubber, ivory, and hardwoods ) needed by European factories African societies were potential markets for goods (what does this mean?) Political Power Nationalism, or pride and loyalty to one’s country, was growing in Europe European countries were competing for the largest/strongest empires Piety Christians wanted to spread their “superior” religion and civilization 7
Imperialism in Africa (EQ3)* Keys to European success: • Had technology (ex. early machine gun, handguns) which Africans did not have • Pitted “Africans against Africans” • Exploited tribal differences/rivalries
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Painting by C. E. Fripp, depicting Lieutenants a British battle with Zulu soldiers at the Battle of Isandlwana. NWW 9
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Imperialism in Africa (cont.)* Keys to European success: • Had technology (ex. early machine gun) which Africans did not have • Pitted “Africans against Africans” • Exploited tribal differences/rivalries
The “nail in the coffin” • 1884 Berlin Conference: • 14 European nations, but no African leaders, to negotiate treaties and ownership of Africa • All of Africa except Ethiopia and Liberia was colonized by the start of WWI (1914) 10
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Imperialism in Africa (cont.)*
Why a Conference? • • •
To set rules on colonizing Africa To relieve tension among European nations A reason for the nations to draw boundaries on colonies World Cultures 9
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World Cultures 9
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Now, show me you get it: 1. Paste in your “partition map” *it’s OK if there are a few notes on the page!
2. Next, design your own political cartoon (don’t just copy ones I showed you)
of the “slicing up” or Imperializing of Africa in pen/pencil in your notes. 3. Explain your cartoon in one sentence either above or below your drawing.
Ms. Anderson
Berlin conference (1884). Most powerful countries: Germany, Portugal, Spain, France, Italy, Belgium & GB “slice up” who owns where in Africa
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Imperialism to Independence (EQ4)* Imperialism: African people treated poorly Example: King Leopold II of Belgium required each community to produce a set amount of ivory (for no $) Africans who resisted this were severely punished Difficulty standing up against European weapons
Imperialism
to
Independence
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To the right, a man who was a victim of Belgian Imperialism
What message were the Belgians sending to the Congolese?
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World Cultures 9 - Africa
Imperialism to Independence (cont’)* Imperialism: African people treated poorly Example: King Leopold II of Belgium required each community to produce a set amount of ivory (for no $) Africans who resisted this were severely punished Difficulty standing up against European weapons
Independence But…Africans developed a sense of nationalism after WWI Africans won independence through nonviolent and violent means in the 1950s and 1960s (most in 1960s) Imperialism
to
Independence
Kwame Nkrumah Leader of Ghana Independence Movement First President of 17 Ghana
Why Independence? (EQ5)* $$$$: • Countries became too expensive to run • Natural resources used up • Uprisings of Africans “not worth the trouble” to stop (point of view?)
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Legacy of Imperialism (EQ6)* Benefits Infrastructure created Schools and hospitals Better farming techniques
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Legacy of Imperialism (EQ7)* But... (disadvantages) Euro. gave little political experience: some new governments had problems (corruption) Euro. favored certain groups or tribes, causing future rivalries within nations (ex. Belgians in Rwanda) Border disputes developed High expectations of African peoples after independence not met Led to disappointment/despair Some African Nations became economically dependent on European ones
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HW : Like many African nations, the United States was once a British colony. Use a Venn Diagram to explain some of the similarities and differences that exist between the two experiences.
5. Age of Imperialism. 6. Page 3 of 12. European Imperialism in Africa - 1415.pdf. European Imperialism in Africa - 1415.pdf. Open. Extract. Open with. Sign In.
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Berlin Akademie-Verlag, 1986.pdf. Stoecker, Helmuth, Hrsg. German Imperialism in Africa ... il the 2nd World War. Berlin Akademie-Verlag, 1986.pdf. Open.
African tribes had fought off European influence for hundreds of years. By the mid 1800s, Europe had enough of an advantage to begin taking control. David Livingstone. David Livingstone was a missionary who wanted to spread Christianity in Central Af
May 3, 2017. The World's Plunderers (1885). Page 2 of 2. Political Cartoons- Imperialism in China.pdf. Political Cartoons- Imperialism in China.pdf. Open. Extract.
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May 29, 2012 - Households with Internet. Connection... 0. 5. 10. 15. 20. South Africa .... 10,0%. 13,0%. 26,8%. Do you use a computer (Desktop or laptop)?.
Imperialism & the Spanish-American War Library. Assignment. Advanced SS2 â Mr. Millet. As America emerged as a dominant industrial power at the turn of the ...
May 29, 2012 - Households with Internet. Connection... 0. 5. 10. 15. 20. South Africa. Namibia. Ghana .... 17,3%. 23,5%. Using the mobile for social networking.
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Industrial Revolution â need for raw materials not found in home country and markets in which to sell finished goods. ⢠Nationalism â the larger the country's ...
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OHADA is an international organization currently comprising 16 African states: Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad,. Federal Islamic Republic of the Comoros, Côte d'Ivoire, Equatorial. Guinea, Gabon, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau,
Underdevelopment", Journal of Development Economics, forthcoming 2006. (non- technical sections only). http://www.econ.ubc.ca/nnunn/legacy_jde.pdf. Mahmood Mamdani, Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late. Colonialism, Princet
We examine the empirical determinants of China's outward direct investment (ODI) in Africa using an officially approved ODI dataset and a relatively new ...
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