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EFFORTS TO IMPROVE TEACHER QUALITY Te a c h e r E d u c a t i o n a n d Q u a l i f i c a t i o n s - 3 5 % o f g r a d e

Overall grade for efforts to improve teacher quality

Louisiana

A

93

South Carolina

A-

92

Connecticut

A-

91

Arkansas

B+

89

Kentucky

B+

89

Indiana Oklahoma

major & minor

minor

major

minor

minor 1

B+

87

major

B

86

major

North Carolina

B

86

Ohio

B

85

Virginia

State requires participants State requires minimum Percent of State requires clinical in all alternative routes to degree/coursework in the secondary State has experiences during teacher established an demonstrate subject-matter subject area taught for teachers training expertise before teaching beginning-teacher license who majored alternative(2004-05) (2004-05) (2004-05) in the core route program academic to recruit subjects Minimum hours individuals with Minimum weeks Through they teach for other clinical at least a B.A. for student Through a subjectAll high school All middle (2000) experiences teaching coursework knowledge test (2004-05) teachers school teachers

B

85

major major

82

major

Wisconsin

B-

82

major1

81

West Virginia

B-

81

Missouri

B-

New Jersey New Mexico Maryland

180



74

12

100







64

10







64

12



60

12



73

9



53

12 10

minor

minor

10

66

9

79

15 4 4







7



✔7



✔7

✔7











✔7

7

100

pilot

100













6

pilot

major

minor

61

B-

81

major

minor

74

15 4







B-

81

minor

minor

48

14













C+

79

12

59

major

8 semester hours 2 semester hours

20

68

major

57

15

Nebraska

77

major

minor

71

14

Kansas

C+

77

major

major

64

12

C

76

major

72

12

C C

75 75

2005-06

2005-06

4



✔6



✔6







150









100

4

65

15

69

12

50

1

13 5

400 5

major

Illinois

C

75

major

64

Colorado

C

75

major

62



6

1

6









✔7

74

67

Massachusetts

C

74

70

Delaware

C

74

55



Georgia

C

74

61



major 1

Nevada

C

73

major

Vermont

C

73

major

Mississippi

C-

Texas





12



72

58

C-

72

53

Hawaii

C-

72

62

Oregon

C-

70

58

Rhode Island

C-

70

Washington

C-

70

53

D+

69

86

✔6

15

77 ✔

major

72

Montana

D+

67

major & minor

62

Utah

D+

67

major & minor

minor

Michigan

D

66

major & minor

minor3

District of Columbia

D

66

81

Wyoming

D

66

64

8

Maine

D

65

major

58

15

Idaho

D

65

major & minor

56

✔ ✔









6

6

54









6 semester hours





57

10



65

10 8 semester hours

D

63

major

North Dakota

D

63

major1

Arizona

D-

62

52

Alaska

D-

61

53

U.S.







15

4

61

South Dakota

minor



10

69

✔6 —

64

Note: A dash (—) indicates data were not available or, in U.S. row, that a total was not appropriate. States are ranked by number grade to the nearest decimal; ties are ranked alphabetically. 1State requires a major in the subject taught, but teachers can receive additional content-area endorsements by obtaining a minimum of a minor. 2California requires teacher-candidates to demonstrate subject-matter competency either by obtaining a major in the subject taught or by passing a content test. State does not receive credit for the coursework column, but does receive credit and count in ■

60



D+

QUALITY COUNTS 2005



12

12







65

1



✔6

8 semester hours

major

7



54

57 minor

✔ ✔

C

10





Florida

New Hampshire

92



81

8

74

78

Minnesota



minor

C+

Iowa



major

C+

Alabama

4

59

Tennessee

Pennsylvania

45

61

2

B-

B-

94

76

California New York

minor



48



45

✔ 24

25

the U.S. total for the subject-knowledge-test column. requires elementary and middle school teachers who are seeking the K-8 certificate to complete either a major or three minors. 4Education Week converted clock hour, day, or semester requirements into weeks. 5Colorado requires 800 hours of student teaching and other kinds of clinical experiences. Education Week converted 400 of those hours to estimate the minimum number of weeks required for student teaching. 3Michigan

N O S M A L L C H A N G E : Ta r g e t i n g M o n e y To w a r d S t u d e n t P e r f o r m a n c e

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Ungraded

Graded

EFFORTS TO IMPROVE TEACHER QUALITY

Teacher Education and Qualifications - 35% of grade State finances and/or regulates one or more alternative-route programs that include (2004-05):

Te a c h e r A s s e s s m e n t - 3 0 % o f g r a d e State requires written tests for beginning-teacher license (2004-05)

Preservice training Minimum duration of preservice8

Practice teaching/ fieldwork Mentoring

Louisiana



9 credit hours

South Carolina



2 weeks

Connecticut



8 weeks

Arkansas



2 weeks

Kentucky



8 weeks





Indiana



18 credit hours









Oklahoma

Basic skills

State requires evaluations State performance assessment to be tied Subject knowledge to student All high All middle Subjectachievement school specific Local team Classroom Videotaped school lesson teachers teachers pedagogy evaluation observation Portfolio (2004-05)









✔11







































✔10





































2 weeks

Ohio



6 credit hours





Virginia



180 hours











California











pilot







Wisconsin

pilot

6 credit hours

2





















Missouri



2 weeks











New Jersey



4 weeks





New Mexico



Maryland



Tennessee



Nebraska



Kansas



















2 credit hours

✔ ✔

Alabama

10



pilot

pilot

pilot













✔ ✔

Colorado





Florida









✔10

Massachusetts



7 weeks











Delaware



120 hours







Georgia



4 weeks









Nevada



3 weeks





















Vermont Mississippi



Texas





Hawaii







90 hours

Oregon











✔ ✔

10

11

✔ ✔ ✔

11

under development

✔ ✔

✔ ✔





































10



✔ ✔

Rhode Island Washington



Minnesota



New Hampshire



1 week



Montana



6 credit hours



✔9



Utah Michigan District of Columbia



8 weeks

Wyoming



9 credit hours





pilot















pilot





pilot ✔

Maine Idaho



9 credits & 30 hours



South Dakota



9 credit hours



✔ 2005-06



North Dakota Arizona



Alaska U.S.





Iowa



✔ ✔ ✔

Illinois

12 credit hours















135 hours

✔ ✔

10







✔ 2,10

4 weeks







200 hours





11



Pennsylvania

6At









✔ ✔

New York







West Virginia





11

North Carolina

120 hours

State requires performance assessment for second stage of certification (2004-05)

38



16





44

37

least one of the state's alternative routes requires participants to complete a traditional teacher-preparation program while teaching. 7State requires all alternative-route participants to either pass a subject-matter exam or complete coursework. 8Column reflects the minimum length of preservice that the state requires for one or more of its alternative routes. State may have other alternative routes that require a longer preservice component. 9Participants in Washington state's alternative route are required to teach with their mentor teachers for at least a semester.

37

24

24

5

2

9

13

7

10State

requires at least some of its middle school teachers to pass one test that covers all core academic-content areas, instead of tests specific to each subject area. 11State requires only teachers of certain subjects, such as reading or technology, to pass subject-specific-pedagogy tests.

E D U C AT I O N W E E K



JANUARY 6, 2005

93

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EFFORTS TO IMPROVE TEACHER QUALITY A c c o u n t a b i l i t y f o r Te a c h e r Quality - 15% of grade

P r o f e s s i o n a l S u p p o r t a n d Tr a i n i n g - 2 0 % o f g r a d e State encourages or supports ongoing State provides State professional development for all teachers incentives to earn requires (2004-05) National Board and State certification finances Minimum requires State (2004-05) mentoring years of districts/ finances State has schools to statefor all professional set aside State written financed novice finances development professional- time for teachers mentoring development professional professional for all (2004-05) (2004-05) standards development development districts Licensure Financial

Louisiana



2







South Carolina



1









Connecticut



1







Arkansas



1









Kentucky



1









Indiana



1





Oklahoma



1





North Carolina



2





Ohio



1

Virginia



1





California



2





New York West Virginia





1

Missouri New Jersey



30 weeks

New Mexico



1





Tennessee Nebraska Kansas



Pennsylvania



Alabama



Iowa



2









3,866









107

2005-06







239







729







121









1,084









8,280









2,376









723











3,083











267







248











97







145





498

✔ ✔







127









41



177

















461





1,239







780



422











250













1,780









183

Vermont







77

Mississippi







2,113



194





Rhode Island











164

Washington











577

Minnesota





New Hampshire







12

Utah Michigan



















✔ ✔











✔ ✔ ✔









40







77





167



✔ ✔



✔ ✔



✔ ✔

✔ ✔

✔ ✔ ✔ ✔



✔ ✔

✔ ✔

255



✔ ✔

147







79







6,370







203







✔ ✔

180



District of Columbia



✔ ✔



12



Wyoming











53



Maine











72







317





31







23



Idaho ✔

South Dakota ✔

North Dakota Arizona Alaska U.S.

94





Massachusetts

Montana















Oregon













Florida







203



Hawaii



477



Texas







Nevada







Georgia







3





Colorado















Illinois

Delaware

✔ ✔

✔ draft

Maryland

578



✔ ✔

By For By publishing By graduates’ pass publishing performance identifying lowrates/ report in rankings of cards for classroom performing programs institutions institutions setting





Wisconsin 2005-06

Number of National Boardcertified teachers (2004)

State holds teacher education programs accountable (2004-05)

16

QUALITY COUNTS 2005





35

13



237 52







37

27

49

39

40,033

N O S M A L L C H A N G E : Ta r g e t i n g M o n e y To w a r d S t u d e n t P e r f o r m a n c e

25

12

14

45

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Graded

EFFORTS TO IMPROVE TEACHER QUALITY

A c c o u n t a b i l i t y f o r Te a c h e r Q u a l i t y - 1 5 % o f g r a d e State discourages out-offield teaching (2004-05) Number of programs identified as at-risk or lowperforming (2003-04)

State requires State has parent a ban or State has cap on the notification a ban or of out-ofnumber of cap on the teachers Fully field or number of uncertified licensed/ with out-of-field emergency teachers in certified teachers all schools teachers licenses

1



✔16

South Carolina

1





Connecticut

0

Louisiana

Arkansas

0

Kentucky

2

Indiana

1

School report cards include information on the number and/or percent of (2004-05): 15

New teachers

State has policies encouraging pay-forperformance programs Beginning (2004-05) teachers



✔16

$29,288

$37,116



$28,672

$40,362

$28,848

$53,962

$24,972

$37,536

$28,886

$38,486

$29,144

$44,966

$27,684

$33,277

✔16





20



12



Oklahoma

0

North Carolina

0



Ohio

0



Virginia

0

California

0

Wisconsin

0







6 0

Missouri

0



New Jersey

0



New Mexico

0



1 1

Nebraska

0

Kansas

4

Pennsylvania

0

Alabama

9

Iowa

0

12

Illinois

3

Colorado



Florida

1

Massachusetts

0





$27,572

$42,411





✔20

$28,866

$45,515

$31,414

$42,778

$34,805

$55,693

$27,277

$41,617

$35,259

$53,017

$26,692

$38,497

$28,075

$37,641

$35,673

$53,872

$28,120

$37,054

$32,939

$50,410

$29,045

$39,186

$27,127

$37,896

$26,855

$38,030

$32,897

$51,425

$31,000

$39,524

$26,967

$38,000

$34,522

$51,496

$32,063

$42,679

$30,491

$40,281

$33,168

$51,942

$33,811

$49,821

$33,919

$45,414

$32,169

$41,795

$25,240

$42,038

$26,120

$35,135

$31,874

$39,972

✔ ✔

✔ ✔



New York

Maryland





West Virginia

Tennessee



18



✔ ✔

13

17







17

17

✔ ✔







✔ ✔



13

13

✔ ✔





✔14 ✔

2005-06















✔ ✔







✔ ✔

✔ ✔

✔ ✔



Delaware Georgia

1

Nevada

0

Vermont

0

Mississippi



Texas

0

Hawaii

0

13

2005-06



2005-06











$34,000

$42,768



$32,804

$47,463

$31,025

$52,879

$29,118

$44,961

$28,600

$44,745

$26,479

$41,909

$23,052

$35,754

$27,135

$38,268

$33,596

$54,020

$35,260

$53,194

$25,694

$37,789

$24,631

$38,518

$26,072

$39,784

$24,311

$32,414

$23,591

$33,869

$23,548

$39,955

$37,401

$49,694

$29,564

$45,771

Oregon

0



0



Washington

0

Minnesota

0

New Hampshire

0

Montana

0





Michigan



Wyoming

0

Maine

1



16











Utah

0





Rhode Island

District of Columbia





13



✔ ✔









Idaho South Dakota

0

North Dakota

0







Arizona



Alaska U.S. 12In

22

17

4

Indiana and Alabama, the numbers of programs identified are for 2002-03. The numbers do not count in the U.S. total. Alabama identifies at-risk or low-performing program areas by institution (such as science education) instead of at-risk or lowperforming institutions overall. 13State does not allow teachers with out-of-field permits or emergency licenses to be employed in failing schools or those that receive Title I aid. 14While Nebraska sets a limit on out-of-field teaching, that limit is high.

3 15Education Week

14

7

All teachers

✔20 20





Average teacher salaries (2003)

Classes taught by Teachers Highly highly with qualified qualified emergency Out-of-field 19 teachers19 licenses teachers teachers

✔ ✔

Additional Information

22

10

used the most recently available school report cards in each state as of Oct. 22, 2004. Please see the Sources and Notes on Page 105 for report card years by state. 16State has separate school report cards and No Child Left Behind Act report cards with teacher-qualification data. Data are on No Child Left Behind report cards only. 17Most school report cards in New York include this information. However, New York City schools have their own report cards with different teacher-qualification data.

8

14

11

18California

requires its School Accountability Report Cards to report on out-of-field teachers, but not all of the school report cards include the information. 19“Highly qualified teachers” refers to the No Child Left Behind law’s definition. However, not all of the states’ data for this indicator match the federal definition. 20State uses the Milken Family Foundation’s Teacher Advancement Program (TAP). Arizona, Florida, and Minnesota use TAP, but also have their own pay-for-performance programs.

E D U C AT I O N W E E K



JANUARY 6, 2005

95

efforts to improve teacher quality - Education Week

Vermont. Mississippi. Texas. Hawaii. Oregon. Rhode Island. Washington. Minnesota. New Hampshire. Montana. Utah. Michigan. District of Columbia. Wyoming.

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