UNIT-4 SECONDARY TREATMENT OF SEWAGE 1. What are the types of

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trickling filters?

Conventional trickling filter

High rate trickling filter

2. What are the operational troubles in trickling filter? . Fly nuisance

b

. bdour nuisance . Ponding troubles

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3. Defne sludge age The sludge age is defined as the average time for which particles ofsuspended soil remain under aeration

4. Define sludge volume index Sludge volume index is defined as the volume occupied in ml by 1 gm of so[ds

h tte mixcd

liquor after settling for 30 minutes and is determined experimentally. I

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5. What is meant by biodegradable organic matter? The organic matters is decomposed by bacteria under biological action is called biodegradable organic matter'" 6. What are the

. . . .

Turbidity test Colour test Odour test Temperature test

7, What are the

.

various tests for finding the quality of sewage?

different types of sewage treatment?

-Contact beds

. Intermittent sand filters .

Trickling filters

. Miscellaneous type of filters

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rcat '

by ripened sludge?

Ihe ripened

sludge is nothing but the digesled sludge is collected at the bottom

ofthe

figestion tank and it is alkaline in nature

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Mixing and stirring of raw

sludge with digested sludge

ere the types of incinerators has primary designed?

. Multiple hearth fumaces . Fluid bed fumace and infra red fumace

lL Elet tre

the methods of aeration?

. Diftrsed air aeration . Mechanical aemtion . Combined aeration II

J)tfne percolation rate

Percolrtion rate is defined as the time in minuets required for sewage ofv/ater though that ground by one cm. 12.

What are the factors affecting the reduction ? . Temperature

. Turbulence effect of wind . Hydrographic

. Available dissolved oxygen . Rate ofre -aeration 13, rilhat is meant by sludge banks? When the solid waste are thrown into the sea water, chemical react with the dissolved matter sea water and resulting

in some precipitation of solid waste giving

a

of

milky appearace to sea

water forming the sludge banks. I 4. Erplain the

theory of oridation pond?

The oxidation pond is an excavation of rectangular ditch of shallow depth. The sewage is $orcd in this pond for a considerabte time. D,ring this period, the sewage is decomposed by rhe action

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../. of aerobic bacteria, algae and sunshine. That means, it is a natural metlod or

sewage treatment.

The aerobic bacteria absorb oxygen from the atnosphere for their'survival and break up the organic matters in sewage to simple stable compounds.

l5.State the Advantages & Disadvantages of oxidation pond. Advantaqes

It is a natural method of decomposition, so it is cheap Its operation and maintenance is sirnple

Itis highly efficient in removing B.O.D Disadvantages

large area is required for treatment

}

It creates bad smell and moiq'uito nuisance.

In rainy sanitary

season

or cloudy weather, the. sewage

condition

becomes septic and this may. cause in

:

Uses

This system is suitable for small towns having tropical climate.

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