ek/;fed f'k{kk eaMy e-iz- Hkksiky vkn'kZ iz'u i= Model Question Paper
Ñf"k QlyksRiknu ,oa m|ku 'kkL= ¼Crop Production and Horticulture½ d{kk & 12oha ¼Hindi & English Versions½ Time - 3 hours
M. M. 75
funsZ'k %& 1-
lHkh iz'u vfuok;Z gSaA
2-
iz'u i= esa fn;s x;s funsZ'k lko/kkuhiwod Z i<+dj iz'uksa ds mRrj fyf[k;sA
3-
iz'u Ø- 1 ls 4 rd oLrqfu"B iz'u gSa ftlds varxZr lgh fodYi dk p;u] lgh tksMh+ cukuk] fjDr LFkkuksa dh iwfrZ ,oa lR;@vlR; izdkj ds iz'u fn;s x;s gSaA izR;sd iz'u 5 vad dk gSA
4-
iz'u Ø- 5 ls 16 rd eas vkarfjd fodYi fn;s x;s gSaA
5-
iz'u Ø- 5 ls 10 rd izR;sd iz'u ij 4 vad vkoafVr gSA
6-
iz'u Ø- 11 ls 15 rd izR;sd iz'u ij 5 vad vkoafVr gSaA
7-
iz'u Ø- 16 ds fy;s 6 vad vkoafVr gSaA
Instructions : 1.
All questions are compulsory.
2.
Read the instruction of question paper carefully and answer the questions.
2.
Question No. 1 to 4 are objective type questions which contain fill up the blanks and True / False. Each question carries 5 marks.
3.
Internal options are given in Q. No. 5 to 16.
4.
Q. No. 5 to 10 carry 4 marks each.
5.
Q. No. 11 to 15 carry 5 marks each.
6.
Q. No. 16 carries 6 Marks.
[k.M & v ¼Section-A½ oLrqfu"B iz'u ¼Objective Type Questions½ iz-1 izR;sd iz'u ds pkj fodYi fn;s x;s gSa lgh mRrj pqudj fyf[k;s & 1-
2-
3-
4-
5-
Q.1
cgqo"khZ [kjirokj dk mnkgj.k gS & v-
lR;kuk'kh
c-
cFkqvk
l-
dkal
n-
xktj?kkl
e'k:e gS ,d & v-
thok.kq
c-
QQwna
l-
ok;jl
n-
bueas ls dksbZ ugha
/kkfeZd egRo dk o`{k gS & v-
uhe
c-
ihiy
l-
veyrkl
n-
xqykc
^lqxU/kk* ,d fdLe gS & v-
[kl
c-
iksnhuk
l-
jrutksr
n-
vnj[k
jk"Vªh; Ñf"k rFkk xzkeh.k cSad ¼NABARD½ dh LFkkiuk gqbZ & v-
1982
c-
1983
l-
1984
n-
1985
Four alternative have given for each question, choose and write the correct alternative -
A
Perennial week is 1
Satyanashi
2.
Bathuwa
3.
Kans
4.
Hirankhusi
1
B.
Mushroom is a -
C.
1.
Bacteria
2.
Fungus
3.
Virus
4.
None of these
Religious important tree is -
D.
1.
Neem
2.
Pipal
3.
Amaltas
4.
Gulab
Sugandha is a variety of -
E.
1.
Khus
2.
Pudina
3.
Ratanjot
4.
Ginger
When did National Argicultural and Rural Development Bank (NABARD) established 1.
1982
2.
1983
3.
1984
4.
1985
iz-2 fjDr LFkkuksa dh iwfrZ dhft;s &
5 vad
1-
xktj ?kkl dk okuLifrd uke ------------- gSA
2-
vk;'kj e'k:e esa izksVhu -------------- izfr'kr gksrk gSA
3-
esaFkk vkjosfUll okuLifrd uke ----------------- Qly dk gSA
4-
ds-lh-lh- dk iwjk uke ---------- gSA
5-
,d ,dM+ Hkwfe dk {ks=Qy -------------- oxZ fQV gksrk gSA
Q.2
Fill up the following blanks –
1.
Botanical name of gazar grass is ......................
2.
The percentage of protein in oyster mushroom is ....................
3.
Mentha arvensis is the botanical name of ........... crop.
4.
Full name of K.C.C. is .................
5.
Area of one acre is ................ square foot.
2
iz-3 fuEufyf[kr dh lgh tksfM+;ka cukb;s & ¼v½ 1-
2] 4&D rFkk
2-
5 vad
¼c½ 1-
ftUthcjslh
bZlcxksy
2-
lksysuslh
3-
vnj[k
3-
tSfod bZa/ku
4-
v'oxa/kk
4-
IykaVfs tuslh
5-
jrutksr
5-
[kjirokjuk'kh
Q.3
Match the correct pair :
TAC
'A'
'B'
1.
2, 4-D & TCA
1.
Zingiberaceae
2.
Isabgol
2.
Solanaceae
3.
Ginger
3.
Bio Fuel
4.
Ashwagandha
4.
Platejinaceae
5.
Ratanjot
5.
Herbicide
iz-4 lR; @ vlR; NkaVdj fyf[k;s &
5 vad
1-
e'k:e ouLifr izksVhu dk loZJs"B L=ksr gSA
2-
o`Unkou xkMZu fnYyh eas fLFkr gSA
3-
lgdkfjrk dk vk/kkjHkwr fl)kar lekurk gSA
4-
{ks= iqfLrdk Åij ls uhps fy[krs gSaA
5-
xUVlZ tjhc eas 66 dM+h gksrh gSA
Q.4
Write down True / False against each of the following statements -
1.
Mushroom is the best source of vegetable protein.
2.
Vrindawan garden is situated in Delhi.
3.
Basis principle of co-operative is equality.
4.
Writting of field book is up to down ward.
5.
Gunter's chain have 66 links.
3
[k.M & c ¼Section - B½ iz-5 i`"Bh; ty fudkl ds pkj ykHk fyf[k;sA
4 vad
Write down the four advantages of the methods of surface drainage.
vFkok
Or
Hkwfexr tyfudkl dh pkj fof/k;ksa dks ifjHkkf"kr dhft;sA Define the four methods of unde ground drainage.
iz-6 moZjd D;k gS\ ukbVªkstu okys rhu moZjdksa ds uke ,oa ukbVªkstu
4
izfr'kr fyf[k;sA What is fertilizer ? Write the name and nitrogen percentage of any three nitrogenous fertilizers.
vFkok ¼v½
tSo moZjd dks ifjHkkf"kr dj nks mnkgj.k fyf[k;sA
¼c½
jklk;fud moZjdksa ds iz;ksx fof/k;ka fyf[k;sA
(a)
Define biofertilizer and give two examples.
(b)
Write the application methods of chemical fertilizers.
iz-7 puk vFkok xUus dh [ksrh dk o.kZu fuEu fcUnqvksa eas fyf[k;sA 1-
okuLifrd uke ,oa dqyA
2-
nks mUur'khy fdLesaA
3-
cht nj izfr gsDVjA
4-
nks dhVksa ds ukeA
4 vad
Write the cultivation of gram and sugar cane under the following heads. 1.
Botanical name and family.
2.
Two improved varieties.
3.
Seed rate per hacter.
4.
Name of two insects.
4
iz-8 gfj;kyh gsrq mi;qDr ?kkl dh fo'ks"krk,sa fyf[k;sA ¼dksbZ pkj½
4 vad
Write characteristics suitable grass for lawn (any four).
vFkok ykWu dk th.kksZ)kj D;k gS\ le>kbZ;sA What is rejuvination of lawn. Explain ?
iz-9 xwVh vFkok fofu;j xzkf¶Vax dks lfp= le>kbZ;sA
4 vad
Explain with diagram the Gootee or Vinier method of grafting.
iz-10 futZyhdj.k ,oa lq[kkus eas pkj varj fyf[k;sA
4 vad
Write the four differences between dehydration and drying.
vFkok CykWfpax ,oa QkWfeZax eas varj fyf[k;sA ¼dksbZ pkj½ Write down the differences between blanching and forming. (Any Four)
iz-11 dhV fu;a=.k dh Ñ"kd fof/k;ksa ds uke fyf[k;sA
5 vad
Name agricultural methods of insect control.
vFkok fdUgha ikap QQwan uk'kh jlk;uksa ds uke fyf[k;sA Write any five names of fungicides.
iz-12 lks;kchu vFkok ew¡x dh [ksrh dk o.kZu fuEu fcUnqvksa eas dhft;sA 5 vad 1-
okuLifrd uke ,oa dqyA
2-
pkj mUur'khy tkfr;kaA
3-
cht nj izfr gsDVjA
4-
mit izfr gsDVs;jA
5-
,d dhV ,oa ,d jksx dk ukeA
5
Write in brief cultivation of Soyabean or Mung under the following heads 1.
Botanical name and family.
2.
Improved four varieties.
3.
Seed rate per hectare
4.
Name of one snsect and one disease.
iz-13 dsys vkSj vaxwj dh mUur'khy ikap&ikap fdLeksa ds uke fyf[k;sA 5 vad Write the name of five improved varieties of Banana and Grape each.
vFkok iisu D;k gS\ blds dksbZ pkj mi;ksx fyf[k;sA What is Pappain ? Write its any four uses.
iz-14 uhcw oxhZ; ikap iztkfr;ksa ds uke ,oa okuLifrd uke fyf[k;sA
5 vad
Write the name of botanical name of any five citrus fruits.
vFkok vke dk ,dkUrj Qyu D;k gS\ vke ds nks dhV ,oa nks jksxksa ds uke ,oa fu;a=.k ds mik; fyf[k;sA What is alternate bearing in mango ? Write the name of two insect and two diseases of mango and their control measures.
iz-15 ikap fdyks lso ls tSyh cukus gsrq vko';d lkexzh ,oa fof/k fyf[k;sA 05 Write essential materials and method for making jelly by five kilo apple.
vFkok tSe rFkk tSyh eas dksbZ ikap varj fyf[k;sA Write down the five differences between Jam and Jelly.
6
iz-16 oehZ dEiksLV D;k gS\ eSXuht ,oa cksjku dh deh ls gksus okys fodkjksa dks fyf[k;sA
06 vad
What is Warmi compost ? Write the disorders caused due to deficiency of manganese and boron.
vFkok iw.kZ [kkn D;k gS\ ikS/ks ds fy;s vko';d rRoksa ds uke fyf[k;sA What is complete manure ? Write the name of essential element for plants.
7
ek/;fed f'k{kk eaMy e-iz- Hkksiky vkn'kZ mRrj (Model Answer)
Ñf"k QlyksRiknu ,oa m|ku 'kkL= ¼Crop Production and Horticulture½ d{kk & 12oha ¼Hindi & English Versions½ Time - 3 hours
m-1 ¼v½ ¼c½ ¼l½ ¼n½ ¼b½
lgh ¼iii½ ¼ii½ ¼ii½ ¼i½ ¼ii½
M. M. 75
mRrj % dkal QQwan ihiy [kl 1983
05
¼izR;sd lgh ij 1 vad½ m-2 1234-
fjDr LFkkuksa dh iwfrZ dhft;s & ikjFksfu;e LihlhtA 30-4 izfr'krA iksnhukA fdlku ØsfMV dkMZA
5-
43560 oxZ fQVA
05
¼izR;sd lgh ij 1 vad½ m-2 1-
lgh tksfM+;ka cukb;s & [kjirokjuk'khA
2-
IykUVsftuslhA
3-
ftUthcjslhA
4-
lksysuslhA
5-
tSfod bZa/kuA
05
¼izR;sd lgh tksM+h ij 1 vad½
8
m-3 ¼I½ ¼II½ ¼III½ ¼IV½ ¼V½
lR; @ vlR; NkafV;s & lR; vlR; lR; vlR; vlR;
05
¼izR;sd lgh mRrj ij 1 vad½ m-5
04
1-
buds fuekZ.k eas de Je ,oa iwath yxrh gSA
2-
budh ejEer lQkbZ ij de O;; gksrk gSA
3-
bu ukfy;ksa eas Qlysa mxk;h tk ldrh gSaA
4-
ty dk fudkl lqxerk ls gks tkrk gSA
5-
e`nk dh HkkSfrd n'kk ij dksbZ izHkko ugha iM+rk gSA
¼izR;sd lgh fcUnq ij 1 vad] dqy 4 vad½ vFkok Hkwfexr ty fudkl dh pkj fof/k;ka & 1-
VkbZYl ¼[kijSy½ Mªsu % bl fo/kh eas feV~Vh dh [kijSy cukdj idkdj Hkwfexr ukfy;ka cuk;h tkrh gSaA blls ty fudkl gksrk gSA
2-
eksyk ty fudkl % ,d fo'ks"k izdkj ds gy dh lgk;rk ls 8&10 lseh O;kl dh ukfy;ka 45&70 lseh dh xgjkbZ ij cukbZ tkrh gSaA
3-
iRFkj dh ukfy;ka % bleas iRFkj dh lgk;rk ls ukfy;ka cukdj Åij e`nk ls
4-
iksy Mªsu % bl fo/kh eas ydM+h dk mi;ksx dj Hkwfexr ukfy;ka cuk;h tkrh gSAa
5-
ikbZi Mªsu % bleas fNnz;Dq r ikbZi Hkwfe eas foNkdj] ukfy;ka rS;kj dj ty fudkl fd;k tkrk gSA
¼dksbZ 4 izdkj fy[kus ij 4 vad nsosaA izR;sd lgh ij 1 vad½ 9
m-6
moZjd %
04
moZjd os inkFkZ gSa tks Hkwfe dh moZjrk c<+kus ds fy;s dkj[kkus eas Ñf=e :i ls cuk;s tkrs gSaA bueas ,d ;k ,d ls vf/kd iks"kd rRo mfpr ek=k eas mifLFkr jgrs gSaA tSls & ;wfj;k] flaxy lqij QkLQsV] D;wjsV vkWQ iksVk'kA ukbZVªkstu ;qDr moZjd
ukbZVªkstu dh izfr'kr ek=k
;wfj;k
46 izfr'kr
veksfu;e ukbVªsV
33 izfr'kr
veksfu;e lYQsV
20-6 izfr'kr
Mh-,-ih-
21 izfr'kr
xzkseksj
28 izfr'kr
lksfM;e ukbVªsV
16 izfr'kr
veksfu;e DyksjkbM
26 izfr'kr
¼ifjHkk"kk ij 1 vaad] dksbZ rhu moZjdksa ds uke ,oa izfr'kr ij 3 vad nsosa½ vFkok tSfod moZjd % dqN lw{e thok.kq] dod] 'kSoky dk iz;ksx djus ls e`nk moZjrk dks LFkk;h cukus eas enn feyrh gS rFkk ;s i;kZoj.k ,oa ekuo ds fy;s gkfu jfgr gksrs gSaA tSo moZjd dgykrs gSaA tSls & jkbtksfc;e] ,tsVkscSDVj] vtksyk] uhy gfjr 'kSoky] L;wMks eksukl LVªsVk vkfn izeq[k tSo moZjd gSaA moZjd mi;ksx fof/k % 1-
csly Mªsflax % bu moZjdksa dks cqvkbZ ds igys [ksrksa eas leku :i ls feyk;k tkrk gSA
2-
VªkWi Mªfs lax % [kM+h Qly eas moZjd fNM+dus ;k nsus dks VkWi Mªfs lax dgrs gSaA
3-
Qksfy;j Lizs % ;wfj;k dk 2&3 izfr'kr ?kksy cukdj ifRr;ksa ij fNMdko djuk Qksfy;j Lizs dgykrk gSA 10
m-7
pus dh [ksrh &
04 vad
¼v½
okuLifrd uke % lkblj vjsVhue dqy & ysX;qfeukslh
¼c½
mUur fdLeas % jk/ks] iwlk&209] mTtSu&21] JG-62, JG-74, JG-315, Qqys th 5] vojks/kh] xkSjo] fo'okl] dkcqyh ds&4] Xokfy;j&2] lh&235] bUnkSj&22] bUnkSj 707] mTtSu&24] xqykch&2
¼l½
cht nj %
ns'kh puk & 75&80 fdxzk @ gsDVs;j dkcqyh puk & 100&125 fdxzk@gsDVs;j
¼n½
dhV % 1-
pus dh bYyh
2-
dVqvk dhV
3-
Qyh Nsnd
4-
,fQM] tSflM] fFkIl vFkok
xUuk & ¼v½
04 vad
okuLifrd uke % lsdsje vkWfQflusje ,ydqy & xzsfeuh
¼c½
mUur fdLeas % CO-1169, CO-617, CO-678, CO-775, CO-853, CO-312, 419, 527, 421, CO-313, COS-762, COS-802, COS-718, COJ-63, COJ-64, UP-1, BO-91, Clock 8102.
¼l½
cht nj %
rhu vka[kksa okys 35000&40000 VqdM+s izfr gsDVs;j] 70&75 fDoaVy @ gsDVs;j
¼n½
dhV % 1-
nhed
2-
tM+ Hksnd
3-
ruk Hksnd 11
4-
'kh"kZ Hksnd
5-
xq:nkliqj Hksnd
¼mUur tkfr dksbZ 4 fy[kus ij rFkk dksbZ nks dhV fy[kus ij 1&1 vad nsosa½ m-8
ykWu gsrq mi;qDr ?kkl dh fo'ks"krk,sa &
1-
?kkl dk 'kh?kz teko gksuk pkfg;sA
2-
?kkl ns[kus eas lqanj] gjh] dksey] 'kh?kz o`f) djus okyh gksA
3-
iwjs lky gjk jax cuk;s j[kus okyh gksA
4-
lw[kk] 'khr] dhVksa ,oa jksxksa ds izfr izfrjks/kh gksA
5-
dVkbZ ds ckn 'kh?kz c<+us okyh gksA
04
¼dksbZ 4 fo'ks"krk,sa fy[kus ij 4 vad½ vFkok ykWu dk th.kksZ)kj & gfj;kyh dks uo thou nsus ds mn~ns'; ls iqjkuh gfj;kyh dks ebZ ds eghus eas ?kkl tM+ ls dkV dj Åij Nuh gqbZ xkscj dh [kkn] flYV ¼feV~Vh½ dh 6 feeh- Å¡ph rg ls
xwVh ¼Gooti½ &
04
bl fo/kh eas LoLFk ,oa idh gqbZ 1-5&2 lseh O;kl dh 'kk[kk ysrs gSa bl ij 2&2-3 lseh yackbZ dk oy;kdkj fNydk ¼Nky½ fudky nsrs gSa rFkk dSfEc;e iwjh rjg gVk nsrs gS]a Nky gVs Hkkx ij feV~Vh rFkk xkscj dh [kkn ,oa jsr dk feJ.k cksjs eas yisV dj cka/k nsrs gSa rFkk izfrfnu ikuh nsrs gSa ;k o"kkZ _rq eas cka/kus ij ikuh dh vko';drk ugha gksrh gSA dVku okys Hkkx ij 1 ls 1½ ekg ij tM+s fudyus yxrh gSa bls ewyDr ls dkVdj vyx yxk nsrs gSa ,oa
12
2+&3 ekg eas u;k ikS/kk rS;kj gks tkrk gS ;g ikS/kk vius ekr` o`{k ds leku xq.kksa okyk gh gksrk gSA
xwVh dk lfp= o.kZu vFkok fofu;j xzkf¶Vax & bl fof/k eaas lcls igys ,d 10&15 lseh yach 1&2 lseh eksVh] 4&6 ekg iqjkuh vxzLFk 'kk[k ¼Scain ½ dk pquko djds 8&10 fnu iwoZ ifRr;ksa dks rksM+ nsrs gSaA ftlls dfy;ka mHkj vk;saA vr% ftl ewyo`ar ij fofu;j xzkf¶Vax djuk gks mldh 'kk[kk ij 3 lseh dk yack dVku yxk nsrs gSa] ewyo`ar ds leku gh 'kk[k ds uhps okys Hkkx ij Hkh 3 lseh dk dVku yxk nsrs gSaA vc bUgsa vkil eas feykdj ikWyhfFku ;k lqryh ls vPNh rjg cka/k nssrs gSa] ,d nks ekg eas tc nksuksa 'kk[ksa tqM+ tkrh gSa vkSj mueas dfydkvksa dh o`f) gksus yxs rks ewyo`ar dk Åijh fgLlk dkV nsrs gSa rFkk u;h fdLe dk ikS/kk rS;kj gks tkrk gSA
13
fofu;j xzkf¶Vax dk fp= ¼lgh o.kZu ,oa ukekafdr fp= cukus ij 2$2¾4 vad fn;s tkosa½ m-10 futZyhdj.k ,oa lq[kkuk eas varj & ØfutZyhdj.k ¼Dehydration½ 1 bleas lw[ks Qyksa ,oa lfCt;ksa dk jax&xU/k rkts Qyksa dh rjg gksrs gSaA 2 bleas lw[ks Qy eas xanxh u feyus ls LoPN jgrs gSaA 3 bl fof/k eas de LFkku dh vko';drk gksrh gSA 4 bl fof/k eas e'khu dh ¼Dehydrator½ vko';drk gksrh gSA 5 bl fof/k eas le; de yxrk gSA 6 ;g fof/k dk iz;ksx ?kjksa eas vklkuh ls ugha fd;k tk ldrkA 7 ;g fof/k dkQh eagxh gSA ¼ikap lgh ij 5 vad nsosa½ vFkok 14
04 lq[kkuk ¼Sun Drying½ bleas jax xa/k eas varj vk tkrk gSA blesa LoPNrk ds vHkko eas /kwy] xanxh] vkfn fey tkrh gSA ;g fof/k o"kkZ _rq ds fy;s Bhd ugha gSA bleas e'khu dh vko';drk ugha gksrh gSA bl fof/k eaas le; vf/kd yxrk gSA ;g fof/k dk mi;ksx ?kjksa eas fd;k tk ldrk gSA ;g fof/k eas dksbZ [kpZ ugha gksrk gSA
CykWfpax ,oa QkfeZax eas varj & ØCykWfpax 1 fMCck can Qyksa dksa mcyrs ikuh eas fu/kkZfjr le; rd Mkyus dh fØ;k Cykfpax dgykrh gSA 2 bl fØ;k dks Qy ,oa lfCt;ksa ds jax dks cpkus ,oa fu[kkjus eas fd;k tkrk gSA 3 blls Qy lfCt;ksa esa eqyk;eiu vkrk gSA 4 bleas ylyls inkFkZ ,oa vkWDlhtu ckgj fudyrh gSA 5 bl fØ;k eas mcyrs ikuh eas 3&5 fefuV rd Mqckrs gSaA
QkfeZax bl fØ;k eas lfCt;ksa dks 2 izfr'kr pwus ds ?kksy eas 2&3 ?kaVs rd j[kk tkrk gS QkfeZax dgykrh gSA bl fØ;k }kjk Qy ,oa lfCt;ksa dks dM+kiu ykus ds fy;s djrs gSaA bldk iz;ksx dM+kiu ykus gsrq djrs gSaA bleas ,slk ugha gksrk gSA bl fØ;k eas 3&4 ?kaVs rd Mqckrs gSaA
¼ikap lgh varj fy[kus ij 5 vad nsosa½ m-11 Ñ"kd fof/k;ka ¼Agronomical Methods½ 1-
[ksr ds Qly vo'ks"kksa dks u"V djukA
2-
[kjirokjksa dks u"V djukA
3-
xzh"e dkyhu tqrkbZ djukA
4-
[ksr dh flapkbZ djukA
5-
Qly pØ viukdjA
6-
dhV izfrjks/kh tkfr;ksa dks mxkdjA vFkok
fdUgha ikap QQwanuk'kh jlk;uksa ds uke & 1-
,xzkslkWu th-,u-
2-
ckfofLVu
3-
Fkkbje
4-
tkbje
5-
Mk;Fksu tsM&78
15
05
6-
Mk;Fksu ,e&45
7-
,xkyky
8-
dSIVku
9-
lsjslku
10- csuysV ¼dksbZ 5 uke fy[kus ij 5 vad nsosa½ m-12 lks;kchu & ¼v½
05
okuLifrd uke % Xykbflu eSDl dqy & ysX;qfeukslh
¼c½
mUur fdLeas % czsx] f'kykthr] vyadkj] tokgj] nqxkZ] vadqj] ih-ds- 472] ts-,l- 75&46] ts-,l- 80&21] ts-,l- 2] iatkc&1] DykdZ 63] 1, J-231, J-202, PK-330, NP-4, yh]
VLS-
lh eSDlA
¼l½
cht nj % 60&80 fdxzk @ gsDVs;j
¼n½
mit % 30&35 fDoaVy @ gsDVs;j
¼b½
,d dhV ,oa ,d jksx % dhV % yhQ ekbuj ] ruk Hksnd] lQsn eD[kh] ,fQMA jksx % ihyk ekstd s ] vknzxyu] ewy xyuA vFkok
ewax % ¼v½
okuLifrd uke % foXuk jsfM;sVk dqy & ysX;qfeukslh
¼c½
mUur fdLeas % ih- Mh- ,e- 11] ih-,l- 16] th- 65] ds- 857] iwlk cSlk[khA
16
¼l½
cht nj %
[kjhQ eas 12&15 fdxzk @ gsDVs;j tk;n eas 15&20 fdxzk @ gsDVs;j
¼n½
mit % 10&15 fDoaVy @ gsDVs;j
¼b½
,d dhV ,oa ,d jksx % dhV % dyh Hksnd] ,fQMA jksx % ihyk ekstsd] ewy xyuA
¼okuLifrd uke ,oa dqy] 2 mUur fdLeas] cht nj] mit] 1 jksx ,oa 1 dhV fy[kus ij izR;sd dk 1&1 vad nsosa½ m-13 dsys ,oa vaxwj dh 5&5 mUur'khy fdLeksa ds uke & 1-
05
dsyk % cljbZ] jlFkkyh] iwou] ykydsyh] gjh Nky] lQsn csyphA
2-
vaxwj % ikjySV] cwVh csnkuk] iwlk csnkuk] Hkksdjh] da/kkjh] eLdkV] CySd fizal] FkkEiwlu csnkukA ¼5&5 fdLeas fy[kus ij 5 vad nsosa½ vFkok
iisu &
05
iihrs ds dPps Qyksa ls nw/k fudkydj rFkk mls lq[kkdj tks inkFkZ rS;kj gksrk gS mls iisu dgrs gSaA iisu ,d ,UtkbZe gksrk gSA iisu ds mi;ksx % 1-
peM+k idkus ds fy;sA
2-
pkdysV cukus ds fy;sA
3-
Åuh diM+ksa dh izkslsflax ds fy;sA
4-
ekal dks xykus ds fy;sA 17
5-
ikpu laca/kh nokbZ;ksa easA
6-
Qsl Øhe ,oa 'kjkc cukus easA
¼ifjHkk"kk ij 1 vad ,oa izR;sd mi;ksx ij 1&1 vad nsosa½ m-14 uhacw oxhZ; 5 iztkfr;ksa ds uke ,oa okuLifrd uke & lkekU; uke
okuLifrd uke
1-
ekYVk
lkbVªl lkbusfUll vklcsd
2-
egk uhcw
lkbVªl iSjkfMlh esQ
3-
rqjat
lkbVªl esfMdk fyu
4-
uhcw
lkbVªl vksjUVhQksfy;k fLoUty
5-
pdksRrj
lkbVªl eSDlhek esj
6-
dqedkV
lkbVªl tsiksfydk fLoUty
7-
LohV yseu
lkbVªl yseksfudk osj
05
¼dksbZ 5 fdLeksa ij 1 fdLe ij 1 vad nsosa½ vFkok vke dk ,dkUrj Qyu % vke dk o`{k fdlh o"kZ eas rks Hkjiwj Qy mRiUu djrk gS vksj vkxkeh o"kZ eas fcYdqy de Qy mRiUu djrk gSA vke ds bl LoHkko dks ,dkUrj Qyu dgrs gSaA blds izeq[k dkj.kksa eas & 1-
ikS/kksa dk Qyu LoHkkoA
2-
fyax vuqikrA
3-
C : N vuqikrA
4-
Hkwz.k dk fxjukA
5-
ubZ o`f) dh vknrA
18
vke ds dhV ,oa jksx % dhV % pSaik] vke dk rsyk ;k equxk] Qy eD[kh] ruk NsndA jksx % dkyoz.k] caph Vki ;k ekyQkjes'ku] CySd fVi] ikoMjh fefyM~;wA ¼,dkUrj Qyu dh ifjHkk"kk dkjd ij 1 vad] 2 dhV $ 2 jksx fy[kus ij] izR;sd ij 1&1 vad½ m-15 5 fdyks lsoQy dh tSyh cukus gsrq vko';d lkexzh ,oa fof/k & lsoQy
% 5 fdyks
phuh
% 3 fdyks
lkbfVªd vEy
% 3&6 xzke ¼3 ls 6 uhacw½
fof/k % rkts] LoLFk ,oa v/kids Qy ysdj lkQ ikuh ls /kksdj] M.By rFkk nkx okys fgLlksa dks vyx djds NksV&s NksVs VqdM+kas eas dkVdj LVhy ds HkxkSus eas 15&20 fefuV mckyrs gSa] blds ckn isfDVu dh ijh{kk djrs gSa] ijh{kk ds ckn Qyksa ds jl dks lkQ irys diM+s ;k tSyh cSx ls Nku ysuk pkfg;sA iwjk jl fudkydj mleas phuh Mkydj rst vkx ij idkrs gSaA idkrs le; lkbfVªd vEy ;k uhacw dk jl Mky nsrs gS]a blls phuh dh xanxh eSy ds :i eas vk;sxh ftls fudky nsrs gSa] tc jl xk<+k gks tk;s rks tSyh dks rS;kj le>uk pkfg;sA rS;kj tSyh dks xeZ voLFkk eas thok.kq jfgr lkQ pkSM+s eqzag okyh ckVyksa eas Hkj nsuk pkfg;sA tc tSyh te tk;s rks cksry ds eqag ij ekse Mky nsuk pkfg;s] blls gok dk ueh ls laidZ ugha gks ik;sxk rFkk tSyh dbZ fnuksa rd lqjf{kr jgsxh] tSyh dks lhy can
19
tSe o tSyh eas varj & Ø-
tSe
tSyh
1 bls rS;kj djus gsrq isfUVu ;qDr xwnsnkj bls cukus eas isf UVu ;qDr Qyksa Qyksa dh vko';drk gksrh gSA
ds jlksa dh t:jr gksrh gSA
2 blds cukus eas isfDVu t:jh ugha gSA
blds
cukus
eas
isfDVu
dh
t:jr gksrh gSA 3 phuh [kVkl dh ek=k ds vuqlkj feykrs gSaA tSyh eas phuh isfDVu ds vuqlkj feykbZ tkrh gSA 4 ;g josnkj] eqyk;e ,oa vikjn'khZ gksrk gSA
;g ns[kus eas ikjn'kZd gksrk gSA
5 bls rS;kj djus ds ckn BaMs ;k xeZ nksuksa gh tSyh dks flQZ xeZ voLFkk eas voLFkk eas dkap ds tkjksa eas Hkj ldrs gSaA
gh tkjksa ;k cksry eas Hkjrs gSaA
¼izR;sd 1 varj ij 1 vad] 5 fy[kus ij 5 vad nsa½ m-16 oehZ dEiksLV & daps qvksas }kjk O;ofLFkr :i ls dpjs dks ¼foPNsnu½ lM+kdj cuk;h xbZ [kkn dks ^oehZ dEiksLV* dgrs gSaA ¼v½
eSxuht dh deh ls gq, fodkj &
1-
gfjr yod eas DYksjksfQy cukuk :d tkrk gSA
2-
ifRr;ksa dh f'kjk,sa gfjek ghurk ¼Chlorosis½ fy;s gksrh gSA
3-
e.M ¼Starch½ ds d.k ihys jax ds gks tkrs gSaA
¼c½
cksjkWu ^B* dh deh ls gq, fodkj &
1-
iq"i ,oa Qwy le; iwoZ >M+us yxrs gSaA
2-
cksjkWu dh deh ls foHkT;ksRrd Ård ¼Meristematic Tissue½ foÑr ,oa vlaxfBr gks tkrs gSaA
3-
tM+ksa dh o`f) :d tkrh gS] pqdUnj eas czkmu gkVZ jksx gks tkrk gSA
¼ifjHkk"kk 2 vad] dksbZ nks&nks y{k.k fy[kus ij 2&2 vad nsosa½
20
vFkok iw.kZ [kkn ¼ Complete Manure½ & os lHkh inkFkZ ftueas ikS/kksa ds lHkh vko';d rRo FkksM+h cgqr ek=k eas ik;s tkrs gSa iw.kZ [kkn dgykrs gSa bUgsa dkj[kkuksa eas Hkh cuk ldrs gSaA mnkgj.kkFkZ ^Xokuks* Hkh ,d iw.kZ [kkn gSA ikS/kksa ds vko';d iks"kd rRo & 1-
dkcZu ¼C½
2-
gkbMªkstu ¼H½
3-
vkWDlhtu ¼O½
4-
dSfY'k;e ¼Ca½
5-
eSXuhf'k;e ¼Mg½
6-
lYQj ¼S½
7-
vk;ju ¼Fe½
8-
eSxuhat ¼Mn½
9-
ftad ¼Zn½
10- cksjkWu ¼B½
11- dkWij ¼Cu½
12- ekyhCMsee ¼Mo½
13- Dyksjhu ¼Cl½
14- ukbVªkstu ¼N½
15- QkLQksjl ¼P½
16- iksVk'k ¼K½
¼ifjHkk"kk ij 2 vad] iwjs rRo fy[kus ij 4 vad 1@4 vad 1 rRo ij nsosa½
21
