USOORE42184E
(19) United States (12) Reissued Patent
(10) Patent Number: US RE42,184 E (45) Date of Reissued Patent: *Mar. 1, 2011
Bass et a]. (54)
OPTICALLY WRITTEN DISPLAY
(56)
U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
(75) Inventors: Michael Bass, Vero Beach, FL (U S); Jason Eichenholz, Orlando, FL (U S); Alexandra Rapaport, Hem (FR)
4,448,547 4,791,415 4,871,231 4,978,888 5,003,179
(73) Assignee: Research Foundation of the University of Central Florida, Inc., Orlando, FL Notice:
5,142,388 5,154,962 5,184,114 5,192,946 5,245,623 5,317,348 5,359,345 5,583,393 5,622,807
This patent is subject to a terminal dis claimer.
(21) App1.No.: 11/805,862 (22) Filed:
A A A A A
5,051,278 A
(Us) (*)
References Cited
May 23, 2007 Related US. Patent Documents
A A A A A A A A A
5/1984 12/1988 10/1989 12/1990 3/1991
Wickerheim Takahashi Garcia, Jr. Anandan et a1. Pollack
9/1991 PaZ-Pujalt 8/1992 Watanabe 10/1992 Mertens et a1. 2/1993 Brown
3/1993 9/1993 5/1994 10/1994 12/1996 4/1997
Thompson et al. McFarlane Knize Hunter Jones Cutler et al.
(Continued)
Reissue of:
OTHER PUBLICATIONS
(64) Patent No.: Issued: Appl. No.:
6,897,999 May 24, 2005 10/329,920
Kaminskii, Alexander A.; Laser Crystals, Springer Series in Optical Sciences, v. 14, 1981, pp. 170*311.
Filed:
Dec. 26, 2002
Primary ExamineriHemang Sanghavi (74) Attorney, Agent, or Firijoodcock Washburn LLP
US. Applications: (60)
(57)
Continuation-in-part of application No. 09/976,921, ?led on Oct. 12, 2001, now Pat. No. 6,501,590, which is a continua
tion-in-part of application No. 09/919,131, ?led on Jul. 31, 2001, now Pat. No. 6,654,161, and a continuation-in-part of application No. 09/919,130, ?led on Jul. 31, 2001, now Pat. No. 6,844,387, which is a division of application No. 09/448,657, ?led on Nov. 24, 1999, now Pat. No. 6,327,074.
(60)
Provisional application No. 60/342,578, ?led on Dec. 26, 2001, and provisional application No. 60/109,837, ?led on Nov. 25, 1998.
(51)
Int. Cl. G02F 1/35 G02F 2/02 G11C 13/04
Two, three dimensional color displays having uniform dis persion of red, green and blue visible light emitting micron particles. Pumping at approximately 976 nm can generate green and red colors having an approximately 4% limit ef? ciency. One source can generate three colors with approxi mately limit e?iciency. Modulators, scanners and lens can move and focus laser beams to different pixels forming two dimensional color images. Displays can be formed from near infrared source beams that are simultaneously split and
(2006.01) (2006.01) (2006.01)
modulated with micro electro mechanical systems, spatial
light modulators, liquid crystal displays, digital micromirrors, digital light projectors, grating light valves,
(52)
US. Cl. ...................... .. 359/326; 365/151; 501/123;
(58)
Field of Classi?cation Search ........ .. 359/3264332;
501/126; 501/904
365/151; 372/6, 3942; 501/40, 50, 64, 78, 501/101, 123, 126, 152, 900, 9044906
liquid crystal silicon devices, polysilicon LCDs, electron beam written SLMs, and electrically switchable bragg grat ings. Pixels containing: Yb,Tm:YLF can emit blue light, Yb,Er(NYF) can emit green light, and Yb,Er:KYF and Yb,Ef:YF3 can emit red light.
See application ?le for complete search history.
3.]9
ABSTRACT
m
Diode
32 Claims, 20 Drawing Sheets
M
m
159.
Spain!
L33"
Bum
Light
L ighi
Shaw
Modulator
Source
Len,
P
HQ Video
Image Signal Unix
300
_
V
Two Dimnsional
mjeemn
upmnversinn
Opucs
Display Screen
US RE42,184 E Page 2
US. PATENT DOCUMENTS
5,684,621 5,724,062 5,746,942 5,764,403 5,786,102 5,801,792 5,846,684 5,914,807 5,943,160 5,956,172 5,985,990
11/1997 3/1998 5/1998 6/1998 7/1998 9/1998 12/1998 6/1999 8/1999 9/1999 11/1999
Downing Hunter Bowman et a1.
Downing PaZ-Pujalt et a1. Smith et a1.
PaZ-Pujalt et a1.
Downing Downing Downing Kantner et a1.
5,989,799 6,028,977 6,061,179 6,117,529 6,128,131 6,276,801 6,327,074 6,501,590 6,654,161 6,844,387 6,897,999 7,075,707 7,101,061
E>
11/1999 2/2000 5/2000 9/2000 10/2000 8/2001 12/2001 12/2002 11/2003 1/2005 5/2005 7/2006 9/2006
Verbeeck et a1. Newsome
Inoguchi et a1. Leising et a1.
Tang Fielding Bass Bass Bass Bass Bass
et a1. et a1. et a1. et :11. et a1.
Rapapon et al. Nagai et a1.
US. Patent
Mar. 1, 2011
Sheet 1 0f 20
US RE42,184 E
190
F[Aigure
2115-31151 2Q
Q\
8‘“
US. Patent
Mar. 1, 2011
Sheet 2 0f 20
US RE42,184 E
F1igu3re
US. Patent
Mar. 1, 2011
Sheet 3 0f 20
Figure 2
US RE42,184 E
US. Patent
Mar. 1, 2011
Sheet 4 0f 20
US RE42,184 E
3Fignrc
US. Patent
Mar. 1, 2011
Sheet 5 0f 20
US RE42,184 E
Strokes Shift
Absorption
Emission
'
M12
13m
Am
or
or
or
2W1
UJI+W2
2w?
Figure 4
>
Wavelength
US. Patent
Mar. 1, 2011
Sheet 6 0f 20
US RE42,184 E
EImU{niAtsreblonSmt)y
(ACobcesfnripl'm)on Wavclcngth (mm)
Figure 5
US. Patent
Mar. 1, 2011
Sheet 7 0f 20
US RE42,184 E
250
200
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ISO
é
m0
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l
5000
10000
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Pump Peak Intensity Squared (Arbirmr/ Units) Figure 6A
bm s: u
9 ch
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9 ‘3
90
Tnmc (ns)
Figure 6B
25000
US. Patent
Mar. 1, 2011
Sheet 8 0f 20
US RE42,184 E
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US RE42,184 E
Sheet 9 0f 20
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Mar. 1, 2011
US RE42,184 E
Sheet 10 0f 20
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US RE42,184 E
Sheet 12 0f 20
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Mar. 1, 2011
US RE42,184 E
Sheet 13 0f 20
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US. Patent
Mar. 1, 2011
Sheet 14 0f 20
US RE42,184 E
----- -- 1% EI+1B% Yb : NYF: green emitter
-— Er * Yb : VF; red emitter —-Tm ' Yb : YLF: blue emitter
IEmnitseony 600
Wavelength (nm)
FIG. 11 GREEN
1% Er 18% Yb NYF 1.0~ 0.8 —
Eidat5mnets4cim5oendty
(normalized)
0.6 ~
0.2 -
0.0
920
9:50 Pump wavelength (nm)
FIG. 12
000
US. Patent
Mar. 1, 2011
Sheet 15 0f 20
US RE42,184 E
RED
Er,YB:YF3 1 1,04
.
E C
I
O I!)
*2
0.8
N “O
9 5?
E g 0.6—
gso, 0M .5
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c
~
02- /
'5DJ I
'
|
940
'
I
960
'
|
980
v
|
1000
1020
Pump wavelength (nm)
FIG. 13 BLUE 0.4%Tm 30%Yb YLF 10-1 0.8
E4dlmaenit8sctm0oeindy
(normahzed)
0.6 0.4-
'
012-1
I
950
I
955
Y
I
'
960
I
'
965
|
970
'
I
975
Pump wavelength (nm)
FIG. 14
'
I
980
'
l
985
US. Patent
Mar. 1, 2011
Sheet 16 0f 20
Metallic
US RE42,184 E
C b 'h
Neutral
Laser diodc at 976 nm
density 11 ? Ears
Lens Spectro—
radiometer
US. Patent
Mar. 1, 2011
Sheet 17 0f 20
US RE42,184 E
Green T 4'
/+H
as
v
3
/
3~
C Q
.
b:
ws
2
E
__.-»+-—--_-.+
Rx+
1/
+
// -
O 1.1
0
'
o
I
100
'
I
'
200
I
'
300
Incident Pump Power (mW)
FIG. 16
I
400
'
1
500
US. Patent
Mar. 1, 2011
Sheet 18 0f 20
US RE42,184 E
Red
6 —
*M .
‘
l‘//
5 _
(ERf?%ecid)ncy
4
44
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a -
/+’/
’
I
’— / 1 1 +'/ o
o
|
|
I
100
zoo
zoo
‘
I
1
wo
soo
Incident Pump Power (mW)
FIG. 17 Blue
106-] 1-4
(eBf?i%cue)ncy
1.0
‘\
+/
-\
// 1
'
/
0.8-. '/‘ 0.6- J . _/
04-1 0.2 d 0.0
0
I
|
I
I
I
200
400
600
800
1000
Incident Pump Power (mW)
FIG. 18