MAPS

1. The VOC territories in Austronesian-speaking Asia, ca. the 1660s 2. Indigenous ethno-linguistic groups of Taiwan 3. Geographic distribution of Formosan villages in Dutch Formosa

6

4



1. Tidore and Ternate (1605) 2. Amboina (1605) 3. Aroe (1609) 4. Batavia (1619) 5. Tayouan (1624) 6. Malacca (1641) 7. Macassar (1666)

: Fortified Dutch Bases

Adapted from Israel 1989 map 5.4; Davies 1961 map II; Bellwood 1999 map 2.6.

Map 1. The VOC territories in Austronesian-speaking Asia, ca. the 1660s

xvi

7

5

MAPS

Formosa

1

2

 3

xvii

MAPS

120°00

121°00

122°00

Formosan Language

25°30

I. NORTHERN Atayalic Atayal: a1 Sediq: a2 Northwest Saisiat: b /Kulon: K Pazeh: D Favorlang /Babuza: F Taokas: C Papora: E Hoanya: Lloa: G1 Arikun: G2

A1 K A3 B

A2 J

C b

24°30

E II. PAIWANIC Group 1 Thao: H Bunun: c Group2 Ketagalan Basai: A1 Trobiawan: A2 Luilang: A3 Kavalan: B Amis: h Siraya: I1 Taivoran: I2 Makato: I3 Group 3 Puyuma: g Paiwan: f Rukai: e

D

a1 a2

F

G1

24°00

H

G2

c

h

23°30

d

Tropic of Cancer

I2

I1 23°00

e I3

III. TSOUIC: d Tsou Kanakanabu Saaroa

g

22°30

f

J: Qauqaut Batanic Language i: Yami 0

10

20

30

40

i

50 km

22°00

119°30

120°30

121°30

Map 2. Indigenous ethno-linguistic groups of Taiwan. (Italics indicate extinct languages) Adapted from Shepherd 1993; Ferrell 1969; Tsuchida 1983; Li, Paul 1992, 2000.

xviii

MAPS

Tamsuy River

67

82

Tamsuy   73

66   64 65 74 III.6 68 A [W11] 7170 69 72 III.4

Ticksam River [W10]

 Quelang 83 84

Bay of Cavalangh [W2]

88 Malabariga 85 86 87 Island

75  76

90

[W9]

Sinkangia River

Tara River Patientia River

Kamachat

39 [W3]  34  38  33 River  37 32 27 36 35

Great River of Favorlang

Pescadores

79 78 81  [W8] 80 

 108 107

28 26 29  24  31 23   22 25 30 21 18 

106

Danau River

40 105 104

20 12 

103

19  14  15  16  9 8 17  7

Poncan River [W1] Mattauw River Wancan

[W5] [W6]

11  10 

102 98 97

 B

99

13 6

4

5 2 1 3 Zeelandia Castle  Saccam

Soulang River Tayouan  Fresh River

 C

Jonkan 

45  44 42 41 43 46

Tancoya 

Tamsuy River A: Mount Marinats B: Mount Crown

Lamey

101

II.8

Provintia 47

C: Mount Table

[W1-11]: David Wright’s geopolitical classification

[W4]

95   91 96 92 93

II.7 II.6 II.5

94

Sanna Sanna

II.4

48 II.3 49 51 [W7] 59 Island 57

Bay of Lonckjouw

Tochadon River St.Laurens

89

100 56

II.2 62

Botel Island

58 50 63 5452 5355

Turtle Bay

Map 3. Geographic distribution of Formosan villages in Dutch Formosa Adapted from Kang 2005: 24, 169. For David Wright’s geopolitical classification, see Table 7.1.

xix

MAPS

Formosan Villages I. Regions of the Northern Landdag: 1 Sincan 2 Bacaluan 3 Tavocan 4 Tevorang 5 Soulang 6 Mattauw 7 Dorcko 8 Tirosen 9 Tackapoulangh 10 Nieuwangh/ Tapangh 11 Tivora 12 Kiringangh 13 Tarraquangh 14 Dalivo 15 Docowangh/ Gaumul 16 Dovaha 17 Arrissangh 18 Basiekan/ Davolee 19 Favorlangh/Ternern 20 Dobale Baota 21 Dobale Bayen 22 Balabaijes 23 Tackays/Gilim 24 Turchara 25 Tavocol 26 Taurinab/Dorenap 27 Asock 28 Bobariangh 29 Kakar Baroch 30 Tausa Talakey 31 Tausa Mato 32 Aboan Balis 33 Aboan Taranoggan 34 Aboan Poali 35 Babausack 36 Dorida Babat 37 Bodor 38 Salagh 39 Goemach 40 Serrien Souluan II. Regions of the Southern Landdag: II.1 Verovorongh:

41 Pangdandangh 42 Tapouliangh 43 Verovorongh 44 Akauw 45 Swatalauw 46 Netne 47 Tedackjan 48 Cattia 49 Pangsoya II.2 The Lonckjouw Villages: 50 S’daky 51 Karitongangh* 52 Dalaswack 53 Lindingh 54 Vanghsor 55 Carolos South 56 Valangits 57 Catsiley 58 Koeskoes 59 Tockopol/Tacabul? 60 Calingit/Kalenet 61 Loupit 62 Massaran/Matsaram 63 Spadior II.3 Villages in the Toutsikadang Gorge: Varongit Kololauw Tarikidick Suffungh Pijlis Calaravia Durckeduck II.4 Villages in the Dalissiouw Gorge: Dalissiouw Potnongh Talakabus Polti Kaviangangh Carolos North II.5 Villages in the Siroda Gorge: Siroda Massisi

Ivangavangas North/ Wangavangas II.6 Villages in the Pagiwangh Gorge: Pagiwangh Sotimor Smackedaiadaia Sopanor II.7 Villages in the east of Tedackjan: Souvassavasseij II.8 Villages in the Kinitavan Gorge: Kinitavangh/Kinadowan Terroadikan/Tolledecan Sapannouck/Punock Sodidil

III.5-2 The Dockedockol/ Calikan Villages: [77] Dockedockol 78 Warrewarre 79 Parrouan 80 Warrouwar 81 Tennatanangh III.6 The Coulonders’ Villages III. 7 The Basay Villages: 82 Tapparij 83 Kimaurij 84 St Jago/Caguinauaran III.8 Minaparou Villages IV. The Cavalangh Region:

III. Regions of the Tamsuy Landdag: III.1 Region of the River Tamsuy: 64 Kimassauw 65 Litsock 66 Kipatauw/ Quipatao 67 Chinaar/Senar III.2 Region of the River Pinorouwan: 68 Pinorouwan 69 Chiouron 70 Paitse III.4 The Baritischoen Villages: 71 Ga-achaisan 72 Sasaulij III.5 South of Tamsuy Redoubt: III.5-1 Southern Quarter of Tamsuy: 73 Parragon 74 Parricoutsie/Lamcan 75 Gingingh 76 Pocael

85 Kibannoran 86 Kannabasjen 87 Kipottepan 88 Taloebayan/Trobiawan 89 Pressinowan 90 Sogol Sogol V. Regions of the Eastern Landdag: 91 Pimaba 92 Nicabon 93 Tipol 94 Tawaly 95 Tammalaccouw 96 Taroma 97 Daracop 98 Sapat 99 Supra 100 Patsibal 101 Bonock 102 Sorigol 103 Vadan 104 Sibilien/ Sipien 105 Patsiral 106 Linauw/Talleroma 107 Sakiraya 108 Tarraboan/Tackilis

Sources: Mabuchi 1954; Nakamura 2002: 11-38, 85; Kang 1999: 35-59; 2001; 2005: 169, 184; Zandvliet 1997- I, II; Johannes van Keulen and Gerard van Keulen 1970 [1753]: 70. Notes: Not all villages attended the Landdag. * Before 1650, Karitongangh belonged to the sub-district of Verovorongh.

xx

MAPS

Formosan Overland Routes I. Tayouan – Pimaba – Taraboan 1. Through the Lonckjouw Villages: Bay of Lonckjouw – Dalaswack – Vanghsor –[Karradey – Tarodas – Massaran – Loupit – Ballicrouw – Parangoy – Patsaban – Tawaly] – Lowaen – Pimaba Example: Lieutenant Johan Jeuriaensz van Linga, 22 January - 12 February 1638 (Formosan Encounter, II, 167-203)

2. The Tacabul Route via Mount Tacabul in the Lonckjouw region Tamsuy – Pangsoya – Cangelangh – [Babaras – Tacabul – Calingit] – Patsibal – Tawaly – River of Tipol – Pimaba Example: Sergeant Christiaen Smalbach, March 1643 (DZ II-C: 294-7)

3. The New Pimaba Route via the Toutsikadang Gorge Tamsui River – Pangsoya – Langilang – [Babaras mountain – Tacabul – the Gorge of Calingit – Calingit mountains] – Patsibal – Tarikidick Gorge – Tawaly River – Pimaba Pimaba – Loulongh – Cornigoy Gorge – Pallan River – Sapat or Sacaraij mountain – Supra – Danau River – Supra – Saccarey – Tarraboan Tarraboan – Saccarey – Tellaroma – Borine – Vadan – Sapat – Pimaba – Tawaly –[Tarikidick Toutsicadang] – Verovorongh Example: Senior Merchant Cornelis Caesar, November 1645 - 15 January 1646 (Formosan Encounter, III, 1-41)

4. Exploration of a new route via Dalissiouw - and Toutsikadang Gorge Tapouliang – Verovorongh – Dolatok – Cattia –[Talakabus – Kololauw – Lawabicar – Tawaly] – Lowaen – Pimaba Example: Junior Merchant Maerten Wesselingh, 11-21 May 1639 (DZ I-L: 685-6; Formosan Encounter, II, 229-35)

5. Exploration of a new route via the Pagiwangh Gorge Saccam – Swatalau – Pimaba Example: Pieter Boon in 1643 expedition (Formosan Encounter, II, 372-3)

II. Tayouan  Tamsuy The Tamsuy Route (10.5 days in 1650): Sincan – Mattauw – Tirosen – Dalivo – Dovalee –Turchara – (via Darida) - Goemach – (via Dockedockol) - Daridan – Pokael – Parricoutsie – Tamsuy (Formosan Encounter, III, 281) [ ]: indicates the villages located in the mountains

CHAPTER ONE

MAPS. 1. The VOC territories in Austronesian-speaking Asia, ca. the 1660s. 2. Indigenous ethno-linguistic groups of Taiwan. 3. Geographic distribution of ...

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