IJRIT International Journal of Research in Information Technology, Volume 2, Issue 4, April 2014, Pg: 970- 974

International Journal of Research in Information Technology (IJRIT)

www.ijrit.com

ISSN 2001-5569

Design of GPS and GSM based tracking system Suraj R. Gastgar1, Prof. Rambabu A. Vatti2, Suhas B. Dhoke3 and Sachin D. Thorbole4 1

2

B.Tech student, Department of Electronics Engineering, University of Pune,VIT Pune, Maharashtra, India [email protected]

Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics Engineering, University of Pune,VIT Pune, Maharashtra, India [email protected] 3

B.Tech student, Department of Electronics Engineering, University of Pune,VIT Pune, Maharashtra, India [email protected]

4

B.Tech student, Department of Electronics Engineering, University of Pune,VIT Pune, Maharashtra, India [email protected]

Abstract The system makes use of an embedded system based on Global System for Mobile communication (GSM) technology and GPS technology. This system is installed in the vehicle. An interfacing GSM module is connected to the microcontroller, which in turn is connected to the engine. Vehicle tracking system is becoming increasingly important in large cities and it is more secured than other systems. Now a days vehicle thefting is rapidly increasing, with this we can have a good control in it. .In previous system, security lock and alarm was implemented in a car. If a burglar can break the lock, then it becomes easy for the burglar to steal the car. This proposed system is an attempt to design a tracking unit that uses the global positioning system (GPS) to determine the precise location of a vehicle to which it is attached and using GSM modem this information is transmitted to a user. This system provides following features: a) Location information, b) Real time tracking using SMS, c) It also includes the web application that provides you exact location of target.

Keywords : Global Positioning System, Global System for Mobile communication , Tracking , microcontroller

1. Introduction The GPS and GSM based System is one of the most important systems, which integrates both GSM and GPS technologies. It is necessary due to many of applications of both GSM and GPS systems and the wide usage of them by millions of people throughout the world .[1] The GPS and GSM-based tracking system is a system that makes use of the Global Positioning System (GPS) to determine the precise location of a vehicle to which it is attached. Proposed system is cost-effecient, reliable and has the function of accurate tracking. [7,8] When a large number of objects or vehicles were spread all over the ground, the owner corporation often found it difficult to keep a track of what is happening. A system is required to determine the location of an object at any given time and the distance travelled. Also, the need for a tracking system in a user’s vehicle is used to prevent any kind of theft because police can use tracking reports to locate a stolen vehicle.[9] Global System for Mobile (GSM) and GPS based tracking system will provide effective, real time vehicle location report. GPS and GSM based tracking system gives all specification about the location of a vehicle. The system uses geographic position and time information from the GPS Satellites.[10] The system has an "On-Board Module" which resides in the vehicle to be tracked. The On-Board module consists of GPS receiver, a GSM modem and AVR processor. It provides tele-monitoring and management system for inter-city Suraj R. Gastgar , IJRIT

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IJRIT International Journal of Research in Information Technology, Volume 2, Issue 4, April 2014, Pg: 970- 974

transportation vehicles such as taxis and buses. During vehicle motion, its real-time parameters such as location and time are reported by a text message. The system takes advantage of wireless technology in providing powerful management transportation engine. This system finds its application in real time traffic surveillance.

2. Related work In [2] the hardware and software of the GPS and GSM network were developed. The proposed GPS and GSM based System has two parts, first is a mobile unit and another is controlling station. The system processes, interfaces, connects, data transmission and reception among the mobile unit and control stations are working successfully. In [3], the remote monitoring system based on SMS and GSM was implemented. Based on total design of the system, the monitoring centres consist of a computer and communication module of GSM. The software-monitoring centre and the remote monitoring station are implemented by using VB(Visual basic). The result of this demonstration shows that the system can watch and control the communication between the monitoring center and the remote monitoring station. In [4], Hu Jian-ming; Li Guang-Hui describes an vehicle anti-theft system using GSM and GPS module. This system is developed using high speed single-chip C8051F120 and stolen vehicle is detected by the use of vibration sensor. The system remains in contact with vehicle owner through the GSM module, for the safety and reliability of vehicle. In [5] Fleischer, P.B.; Nelson et al describes development and deployment of GPS (Global Positioning System) and GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) based Vehicle Tracking and Alert System. This system allows transport companies to track their vehicles in real-time and provides security from robbery and accident occurrences.

3. Hardware Design 3.1 GPS Modem GPS modules are used for navigation, positioning, time and other purposes. It is maintained by the United States government and is freely accessible by anyone with a GPS receiver. The GPS project was started in 1973 to overcome the limitations of previous navigation systems, integrating number of classified engineering design studies from the 1960s. GPS was created and implemented by the U.S. Department of Defense (USDOD) and was originally run with 24 satellites. It became fully operational in 1994. GPS gives information about: 1) Message transmission time. 2) Position at that time.

3.2 GSM Modem GSM modem is used for transmitting and receiving the data to and from user mobile. A GSM modem is a wireless modem that works with a GSM wireless network. A GSM behaves like a dial-up modem. The major difference between them is that a dial-up modem sends and receives data through a fixed telephone line while a GSM sends and receives data through radio waves. The working of a GSM modem is based on commands, the commands always start with AT (which means ATtention) and finishes with a character e.g. the dialing command is ATD; ATD7814629081; here the dialing command ends with semicolon(;). This AT commands are given to the GSM modem with the help of microcontroller. The GSM modem is serially interfaced with the microcontroller with the help of MAX 232 IC. The frequency range specified for GSM is 1,850 to 1,990 MHz (mobile station to base station).

3.3 Microcontroller The system uses AT mega microcontroller. It is a 8- bit RISC single chip microcontroller. It comprises of 32 KB of flash program memory, 2 KB internal SRAM and 1024 bytes EEPROM. In this system it is used to synchronize the operations of GSM and GPS. GPS continuously sends location data to the microcontroller i.e. latitude and longitude of the position of vehicle whereas GSM sends as well as receive data from microcontroller. The GPS modem continuously gives many parameters as the output, but only the NMEA(National Marine Electronics Association) data coming out is read and displayed on to the LCD. The same data is sent to the user mobile so that exact position of the vehicle can be known. The mobile number of the user is stored in an EEPROM. Suraj R. Gastgar , IJRIT

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IJRIT International Journal of Research in Information Technology, Volume 2, Issue 4, April 2014, Pg: 970- 974

Fig. 1 Architecture of system

4. Hardware Description In this system we are using a 40 pin ATmega16 microcontroller. It has four I/O ports. ATmega16 microcontroller is the heart of the system that is used for interfacing. Two pins are VCC and other two pins are at ground. Pin no. 9 is reset. A crystal oscillator of 12 MHz is connected to the microcontroller. RS-232 protocol is used for serial communication between the microcontroller, GSM and GPS modem. The function of a serial driver MAX232, 16 pin IC is to convert RS-232 voltage levels into TTL voltage levels. Four electrolytic capacitors are used with MAX232 IC. A 9V battery is used as power supply to the circuit. A 7805 regulator IC is used to convert 9V into 5V. The microcontroller and MAX232 IC are powered by 5V. A LED is used to indicate the presence of power supply to the circuit.

\ Fig. 2 snapshot of hardware system

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IJRIT International Journal of Research in Information Technology, Volume 2, Issue 4, April 2014, Pg: 970- 974

5. System operation The software programming is done in ‘C ‘language. Data (co-ordinates) received by GPS from the satellites is defined in the software. Decoding the NMEA (National Marine Electronics Association) protocol is the main purpose of developing this software. The mobile number of the owner should be included in the software program in order to receive the location values from the SIM card which we are using in GSM modem. NMEA protocol consists of set of messages which are ASCII character set. GPS receives data and presents it in the form of ASCII comma – delimited message strings. ‘$’ sign is used at the start of each message. The locations (latitude and longitude) have the format of ddmm.mmmm (degrees minutes and decimal minutes). The software protocol consists of GGA (global positioning system fixed data) and GLL (geographic position - latitude/longitude). But in this system we are using GGA only. The flow chart of the system is given as:

Fig. 3 Flowchart of system operation.

6. Advantages The vehicle which undergoes to an accident can be identified by using tracking technology without any time delay. The immediate medication will be provide to an accident victim in remote areas. The project is all about controlling theft of a vehicle. The project can also be used in Fleet Management Systems. The system is about making vehicle more secure by the use of GPS, GSM technology and a web application. It can also be beneficial for Parents to look after their children, Delivery services, Cops department and fire services etc.

7. Conclusion We have designed and developed a vehicle tracking system using GPS and GSM to which a ATMEGA16 microcontroller is interfaced. The simulation of the circuit design is verified in PROTEUS software. This tracking system is designed to improve vehicle security and receptiveness.

Suraj R. Gastgar , IJRIT

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IJRIT International Journal of Research in Information Technology, Volume 2, Issue 4, April 2014, Pg: 970- 974

8. Future Scope This system could be made more convenient and secure with the use of satellite modems instead of mobile enhanced in future to support camera, handset phone, web based tracking software, also PC based stand alone software. This system can be made more interactive by adding a display to show some basic information about the vehicle and also add emergency numbers which can be used in case of emergency. Upgrading this system is very easy which makes it open to future requirements without the need of reconstructing everything from beginning, which also makes it more efficient.

9. References [1] Chen, H., Chiang, Y. Chang, F., H. Wang, H. (2010). Toward Real-Time Precise Point Positioning: Differential GPS Based on IGS Ultra Rapid Product,SICE Annual Conference, The Grand Hotel, Taipei, Taiwan August 18-21 [2] Asaad M. J. Al-Hindawi, Ibraheem Talib, “Experimentally Evaluation of GPS/GSM Based System Design”, Journal of Electronic Systems Volume 2 Number 2 June 2012 [3] Chen Peijiang, Jiang Xuehua, “Design and Implementation of Remote monitoring system based on GSM,” vol.42, pp.167-175. 2008 [4] Hu Jian-ming; Li Jie; Li Guang-Hui, "Automobile Anti-theft System Based on GSM and GPS Module," Intelligent Networks and Intelligent Systems (ICINIS), 2012 Fifth International Conference on , vol., no., pp.199,201, 1-3 nov 2012 [5] Fleischer, P.B.; Nelson, A.Y.; Sowah, R.A.; Bremang, A., "Design and development of GPS/GSM based vehicle tracking and alert system for commercial inter-city buses," Adaptive Science & Technology (ICAST), 2012 IEEE 4th International Conference on , vol., no., pp.1,6, 25-27 Oct. 2012 [6] Real Time Vehicle Locking and Tracking System using GSM and GPS Technology-An Anti-theft System, Pravada P. Wankhade and Prof. S.O. Dahad [7] J. Cui Youjing, “Autonomous vehicle positioning with GPS in urban canyon environments,” IEEE Trans. Robotics and Automation, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 15-25, Singapore, Feb. 2003. [8] R. Bajaj, “GPS: location-tracking technology,” in Proc. IEEE International Conf. on Computer, San Francisco, USA, Apr. 2002, vol. 35, [9] Akintunde Musibau Ajagbe, Stephen Enyinnaya Eluwa, Edward Eric Duncan, Mohd Khairuddin Bin Ramliy, Choi Sang Long, and Mkomange Claud Wantrudis, “The Use of Global System of Mobile Communication (GSM) Among University Students in Malaysia,”International Journal of Innovation, Management and Technology, vol. 2, no. 6, pp. 547-588,Malaysia, Dec. 2011. [10] Junaid Ali, Shaib Nasim, Taha Ali, Naveed Ahmed and syed Riaz un Nabi, “Implementation of GSM based Commercial Automobile Tracker Using PIC 18F452 and Development of Google Earth Embedded Monitoring Software” in Proc. IEEE International Conf. on Research and Development (SCOReD 2009), UPM Serdang, Malaysia, 16-18 Nov. 2009, pp. 653-657. [11] Quick Start Guide for Using the WinAVR Compiler with ATMEL’s AVR Butterfly By Joe Pardue [12] www.atmel.com/dyn/resources/ prod_documents/doc0856.p [13] SIMCOM SIM300 AT Commands Set/Hardware interface description

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