Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Engineering, Vol. 41, No. 10, pp. 1024~1028, 2017 J. Korean Soc. of Marine Engineering (JKOSME) https://doi.org/10.5916/jkosme.2017.41.10.1024

ISSN 2234-7925 (Print) ISSN 2234-8352 (Online) Original Paper

Compact microstrip feed dual band monopole antenna for UWB and bluetooth applications FangFang Jiang1 ㆍ Dong-Kook Park † (Received September 28, 2017; Revised October 25, 2017;Accepted November 8, 2017)

Abstract: This paper presents a small printed monopole antenna for ultra-wide band (UWB) (3.1~10.6 GHz) and Bluetooth (2.4~2.48 GHz). The proposed antenna consists of a small U-shaped UWB radiating patch and a lollipop-shaped Bluetooth radiating patch. This antenna is fed by a microstrip line and built by RF-4 dielectric substrate having a thickness of 1.6 mm. The size of the designed antenna is 15 × 26 ㎟, which is significantly smaller than the previous similar antenna. The simulated and measured results show that the proposed antenna achieves a broad operating bandwidth of 2.95~11.5 GHz for UWB application, and 2.38~2.52 GHz for Bluetooth application. The designed antenna has an omnidirectional radiation patterns and stable gain. Keywords: Monopole antenna, UWB, Bluetooth, Small size, U-shaped, Lollipop-shaped

1. Introduction

2. Antenna Design

Recently, UWB radio technology has attracted considerable attention

for

many

applications

since

the

The designed monopole antenna and the parameters of the

Federal

antenna size are shown in Figure 1, and Table 1, respectively.

Communications Commission (FCC) released an unlicensed

The antenna was designed on an FR-4 dielectric substrate with a

3.1~10.6 GHz frequency band for UWB applications [1]. Many

dielectric constant of 4.4 and a thickness of 1.6mm, and the

research groups have reported on types of UWB antennas [2]-

characteristics of the antenna were simulated using HFSS

[4]. In particular, the printed monopole antenna attracted many

software.

researchers in the past few years owing to its physical features,

For a printed patch antenna, the current mostly flows to the

such as its simple structure, small size, low cost, and ease of

edge of the patch. Therefore, even if the upper center portion of

fabrication [5]-[7].

the patch is cut out and deformed into a U-shape, there is no

Nowadays, communication systems require a single antenna

significant influence on the characteristics of the patch antenna.

to cover several frequency bands. As an example of such a

Therefore, the antenna for Bluetooth was designed in the U-

multi-band antenna, a single antenna covering the UWB band

shaped cut - out space. The impedance bandwidth of the print

and the Bluetooth band have been reported. Yildirim presented

antenna was decided by the shape of radiating patch and ground

an antenna that minimizes the interaction between UWB and

plane. To achieve the impedance bandwidth over the entire

Bluetooth resonance [8], and another paper written by

UWB range, two slots with same arc radius and another two

Mahamine presents an antenna inserting a quarter wavelength

rectangular slots were cut in the radiating patch, and three slots

strip in the middle part of radiating patch to achieve Bluetooth

were cut in the ground plane, as shown in Figure 1.

and UWB bands [9].

Figure 2 shows the return loss varying with different sizes

In this paper, a compact microstrip feed dual-band monopole

of slots in the radiating patch, Figure 3 shows the return loss

antenna with a U-shaped slot and a lollipop-shaped strip is

varying with different sizes of slot in the middle of ground,

proposed for Bluetooth and UWB applications. The simulation

and Figure 4 shows the simulated return loss according to

and measured results for the return loss, radiation patterns and

the parameters Ls1, Ws1, Ls2, and Ws2 of the proposed

gain of the proposed antenna are shown.

antenna. From Figure 2 to Figure 4, it can be seen that the

† 1

Corresponding Author (ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8795-4066): Division of Electronics & Electrical Information Engineering, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, 727, Taejong-ro, Yeongdo-gu, Busan 606-791, Korea, E-mail: [email protected], Tel: 051-410-4311 Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering, Korea Marine and Ocean University, E-mail: [email protected] Tel: 051-410-4905

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright ⓒ The Korean Society of Marine Engineering

Compact microstrip feed dual band monopole antenna for UWB and bluetooth applications

return loss of the antenna largely changes according on the values of R1, Ln and Wn. In the simulation, the remaining parameters except for the variables are fixed to the values listed in Table 1.

Figure 4: Simulated return loss according to the parameters Ls1, Ws1, Ls2, Ws2 of the proposed antenna A lollipop-shaped strip was inserted in the middle-notched part of the radiating patch to resonate at the Bluetooth band. The length of the lollipop-shaped strip could be obtained to create a monopole with length LB having a quarter wavelength (a) top view (b) bottom view Figure 1: Geometry of the designed antenna

of the Bluetooth frequency. LB = Wb + W1 +

3π(R2 + R3 + R4 + R5) + (R3 − R5) 4

From Table 1, the length LB is 33.9 mm which is approximately 0.27λ at 2.4GHz. Table 1: Parameters of antenna size

Figure 2: Simulated return loss according to the radius R1 of slots of the patch

Parameters

Dimensions (mm)

Parameters

Dimensions (mm)

Lsub

15

Ls1

3

Wsub

26

Ws1

2

Lb

14

Wl

4.3

lf

2

Ws2

8

Wb

10

Ls2

7

Wp

9

Lp

2.5

R1

5.8

L2

0.6

R2

3

Ll

0.9

R3

2.2

Wg

5.8

R4

1.7

R6

3

R5

0.9

Wn

3

Wf

6.2

Ln

5

Figure 5 shows the current distribution of the designed antenna. It can be observed in Figure 5 (a) that the Bluetooth frequency is based on the lollipop-shape in the top of the antenna. The U-shape of the radiating patch supplies the UWB Figure 3: Simulated return loss according to the size (Ln and

frequency, which is presented in Figure 5 (b), Figure 5 (c),

Wn) of the slot in the middle of ground

Figure 5 (d). In addition the slot in the middle of the ground

Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Engineering, Vol. 41, No. 10, 2017. 12

1025

FangFang Jiang ㆍ Dong-Kook Park

had a significant effect on the frequency bandwidth from 3~6

From Figure 7, we can find that the proposed antenna is easy to

GHz, which can be seen in Figure 5 (b) and Figure 5 (c).

fabricate and that the size of the antenna is very small.

Figure 5 (d) shows that the two slots of radiating patch control the return loss at high frequency. Figure 6 shows the simulated input impedance response of the designed multiband antenna.

(a) front (b) back Figure 7: Photograph of the fabricated antenna

Figure 8 shows the simulated and measured return loss of the fabricated antenna. It shows that measured result fit well with the simulated result. It can be seen that the impedance (a) 2.4GHz

(b) 3GHz

bandwidth of the designed antenna is 2.95~11.5 GHz which covers the UWB frequency range, and 2.38~2.52 GHz which covers the Bluetooth frequency range.

(c) 6GHz (d) 10GHz Figure 5: Simulated surface current distribution

Figure 8: Simulated and measured return loss Figure 9 shows the simulated and measured radiation patterns in the E-plane (y-z plane) and H-plane (x-z plane). The radiation patterns are measured in an anechoic chamber of 10m × 5m × 6m using standard horn antenna. It can be seen

that the measured radiation patterns fit well with the simulation results,

and

that

the

radiation

patterns

are

nearly

omnidirectional. Figure 10 shows the simulated and measured maximum gain results of the design antenna. Moreover, it can be seen that the Figure 6: Simulated input impedance response of the designed multiband antenna.

antenna gains change in the range from 1.2 dBi to 4.3 dBi within the frequency range from 3 GHz to 11 GHz. In Figure 10, the antenna gain at 6 GHz is smaller than that at the other

3. Experimental Results Figure 7 shows a picture of the fabricated monopole antenna on an FR-4 dielectric substrate with a thickness of 1.6 mm.

frequencies. This is the result of the current flowing in opposite directions on the antenna surface more than that in other frequencies.

Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Engineering, Vol. 41, No. 10, 2017. 12

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Compact microstrip feed dual band monopole antenna for UWB and bluetooth applications

4. Conclusion A small printed monopole antenna for UWB and Bluetooth applications was proposed in this paper. The lollipop-shaped strip was used to achieve the Bluetooth signal without affecting the UWB signal, which was supplied by the U-shaped patch. The two cuts with same radius in the U-shaped patch and the y-z plane

x-z plane (a) 2.4GHz

three cuts in the ground plane provided a good impedance match. The designed antenna was fabricated using a FR-4 dielectric substrate with a thickness of 1.6 mm, and the size of the antenna was 15mm × 26mm × 1.6mm , which is very small compared to the size of the antenna presented in other papers [8][9]. The measured results fit well to the simulation results, the radiation characteristics were acceptable in the

y-z plane

x-z plane

working bandwidth, and this antenna exhibited omnidirectional radiation patterns.

(b) 3GHz

References [1] FCC, Ultra-wideband Operation FCC Report and Order, Tech.rep.US47 CFR Part 15, 2002. [2] Z. N. Chen, Terence S. P. See, and X. Qing, “Small Printed ultra-wideband antenna with reduced ground plane effect”, y-z plane

x-z plane

IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 55, no.

(c) 6GHz

2, pp. 383-388, 2007. [3] M. Ojaroudi, N. Ojaroudi, and N. Ghadimi, “Dual bandnotched small monopole antenna with novel coupled inverted U-ring strip and novel fork-shaped slit for UWB applications,” IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. 12, pp. 182-185, 2013.

y-z plane

x-z plane

[4] A. Garg, D. Kumar, P. K. Dhaker, and I. B. Sharma, “A

(d) 10GHz Figure 9: Simulated and measured radiation patterns of the

novel design dual band-notch small square monopole

design antenna (

IEEE International Conference on computer, Communication

simulation,

antenna with enhanced bandwidth for UWB application,”

measured)

and Control, pp. 1-5, 2015. [5] S. Kundu, M. Kundu, and K. Mandal, “Small monopole antenna with corner modified patch for UWB applications,” 2014 First International Conference on Automation, Control, Energy and Systems, pp. 1-3, 2014. [6] A. Singh and R. K. Raj, “Dual band notched small monopole antenna with a novel T-shaped slot for UWB applications,” IEEE International Conference on Advances in Engineering and Technology Research, pp. 1-4, 2014. [7] A.

Bekasiewicz

computationally Figure 10: Simulated and measured antenna gain

Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Engineering, Vol. 41, No. 10, 2017. 12

and efficient

S.

Koziel,

“Structure

simulation-driven

design

and of

compact UWB monopole antenna,” IEEE Antennas and

1027

FangFang Jiang ㆍ Dong-Kook Park

Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. 14, pp. 1282-1285, 2015. [8] B. S. Yildirim and B. A. Cetiner, “Integrated bluetooth and UWB antenna,” IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. 8, pp. 149-152, 2009. [9] S. D. Mahamine and R. P. Labade, “A ‘ϕ ’ shaped compact dual band printed monopole antenna for bluetooth and UWB applications,” 2015 International Conference on Industrial Instrumentation of Control, pp. 756-760, 2015.

Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Engineering, Vol. 41, No. 10, 2017. 12

1028

Compact microstrip feed dual band monopole antenna for UWB and ...

the patch is cut out and deformed into a U-shape, there is no significant influence on the characteristics of the patch antenna. Therefore, the antenna for Bluetooth was designed in the U- shaped cut - out space. The impedance bandwidth of the print antenna was decided by the shape of radiating patch and ground plane.

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