BLOG 5 ENTREGA 22/10/2017 PROBABILIDAD 2 1.

En una clase de la universidad hay 80 alumnos y 50 alumnas. La mitad de las alumnas y la mitad de los alumnos aprueban estadística. Calcula la probabilidad de que, al elegir una persona al azar, resulte ser: a) Alumna o que aprueba estadística. b) Alumno que suspenda estadística. c) Sabiendo que es alumno, ¿cuál es la probabilidad de que apruebe estadística? d) ¿Son independientes los sucesos ALUMNO y APRUEBA ESTADÍSTICA?

Hacemos la tabla de contingencia: Aprueban

Suspenden

2.

3.

Alumnos Alumnas

Aplicando la regla de Laplace obtenemos las probabilidades que nos piden:

40

25

65

80

50

130

40

25

65

a) P =

90

130

=

9

13

d) P (alumno) =

80 130

b) P = 40

130

=

P (alumno)· P(aprobar) = P(alumno ∩ aprobar) ⟹ Son independientes

Calcula la probabilidad de obtener algún 5 al lanzar un dado 3 veces. 5 6

·

5 6

·

=

5 6

=

91

216



4

13

4

13

8 = 13 ; P(aprobar)=

P (alumno ∩ aprobar) =

P (obtener algún 5) = 1 – P (no obtener ningún 5) = 1 –

40

130

65

130

=

1 2

c) P =

40 80

=

1 2

⟹ P(alumno)· P(aprobar) =

P (obtener algún 5) =

8

26

=

4

13

91

216

En una clase hay 17 chicas y se desconoce el número de chicos. Cada alumno cursa una sola optativa y se sabe que 12 estudiantes, 8 de ellos varones, eligieron música. Además, otros 8 chicos eligieron informática. Seleccionado un alumno al azar, calcula la probabilidad de que: a) Sea chico. b) Sea chica y estudie música. c) Siendo chica estudie música. Hacemos la tabla de contingencia: Chicas Chicos Aplicando la regla de Laplace: Música 4 8 12

Informática

13 17

8

16

21 33

a) P (Chico)=

16 33

b) P (Chica ∩ Música) =

(Justifica todas tus respuestas)

4

33

c) P (Música/ Chica) =

4

17

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