Pakistan Studies, Information About First in Pakistan Mcqs IRAN was first to open its embassy in Pakistan. (chk) • First governor of State Bank Zahid Hussain. • First Lady governor Rana Liaquat Ali (Sindh) 1973-1976. • First lady federal minister Vikarun Nisa Noor (Tourism). • First state to join Pakistan was Bahawul Pur, 1954. • Pak: cricket team first visited England.(chk: India) • First captain of cricket team Abdul Hafeez Kardar. • First century Nazar Mohammd against India in 1954 in Lacknow. • First Woman University is located in Rawalpindi. • First governor of Punjab=Francis Moody. • First CM of Punjab=Iftikhar Hussain Mamdot. • First Governor of Sindh=Ghulam Hussain Hidayatullah. • First CM of Sindh=Ayub Khoro. • First Governor of Baluchistan=Lt: General Riaz Hussain. • First CM of Baluchistan=Attaullah Mengal. • First Chief Justice of Pak: Sir Abdur Rasheed. • First PM of Azad Kashmir=Abdul Hamid Khan. • First President of AJK=Sardar Ibrahim Khan. • First Commander-in-Chief of Pak: Army was Frank Miservi. • First chairman Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee was General Mohd: Sahrif. • First chief of Staff of armed forces was General Tikka Khan. • First governor State Bank was Zahid Hussain. • First daily newspaper is Amroz 1947. • First lady pilot was Shukriya Khanum. • First museum of Pak established in Karachi in 1950. • First Bank was United Bank (7th August, 1947) • First Agriculture Reforms in Pak: Jan: 24, 1959. • First Chief Election Commissioner of Pak: Mr. Khan F.M.Khan (25th March, 1956) • Election Commision was created on 23rd March, 1956 under Article 137 of 1956 consititution. • First Muslim Commander in Chief of Pak: Ayub Khan. • First Radio Station established was of Karachi. • First T.V station was setup at Lahore on Nov: 26, 1964. • First lady Lady Major General in Pak:
Dr. Shahida Malik. • First Space satellite was launched by Pak: in 1990. • First private TV Channel STN launched in 1990. • First Chairman Senate was Habibullah Khan. • First woman judge of High Court: Majida Rizvi. • First constructed barrage of Pak: Sukkur Barrage. • First Secretary General of Pak: Ch: Mohd: Ali. • Agro museum is at Lailpur. • First bio-gas plant was installed in 1974. • First woman bank established on Dec: 1, 1989. • Badshahi mosque built in 1670 A.D. • Designataion of GG changed into President on 23rd March, 1956. • Largest Hockey stadium is National Hockey Stadium Lahore. • First minority minister of Pak: Joginder Nath Mandal held the portfolio of law. • First Atomic Reactor established in Islamabad in 1956. (chk). • Largest railway tunnel is Khojak. • Smallest dam of Pak: Warsak dam. • Largest fort of Pak: “Rani Kot”. • City Bank is the largest bank in the country.(chk: Habib Bank) • Nishan-e-Pak: is the highest civil award of Pak: • Second highest civil award is Hilal-ePak: • Ayub National Park (Rawalpinidi) is the largest Park in Pakistan. • Lahore Museum is the biggest in Pak: (chk) • Largest Railway station is Lahore. • Highest Pass is Muztag Pass which connects Gilgit to Xinkiyang. • Largest canal is Lloyd Barrage Canal or Sukkur Barrage or Lance Down Pull built in 1936. • Largest Cement Plant is Lucky Cement Plant near Luki Marwat. • Largest road is Shahrah-e-Pak: • Shortest river is Ravi. • Smallest division is Karachi. • Largest division is Kalat. • Largest division of Sindh is Therparkar. • Habib Bank Plaza Karachi has 23 stories (345 ft) • Minar-e-Pak: is 196 ft, 8 inches high. • Pakistan has its longest boundary with Afghanistan. • Pakistan is 34th largest country in the world, 6th population wise. • Smallest civil award is Tamg-eKhidmat. • First census of Indo-Pak: 1881. • Highest dam is Mangla dam. • Pak: expedition to Antarctica reached on 5 Jan, 1991 established
Jinnah Research Station • Longest tenure as Governor General was Ghulam Mohammad. • Longest tenure as President was Ayub Khan. • Longest period of rule was of Zia. • Longest tenure as PM was of Liaquat Ali • Shortest tenure as PM of Ayub Khan (3 days) then Shujaat Hussain (47 days). • Shortest tenure as President is of Bhutto. • Shortest tenure as Governor General is of Quaid. • Longest tenure as Governor General is of Ghulam Mohd: • Largest library is Quaid-e-Azam library. • Largest University is in Punjab. • Oldest university is in Punjab. • The only non-military shaheed to receive Nishan-e-Haider was Subaidar Lalik Jan he belonged to NLI. • Highest peak of Sulaiman mountains is Takht-e-Sulaiman. • Highest peak is K2 (Goodwin Austin 5,611 meters) • 2nd largest glacier of Pak: is Batura. • Largest Island of Pak: is Manora. • Smallest city is Jehlum. • Longest tunnel rail= Khojak (2.43 miles) (Baluchistan), road=Lowari Tunnel (5 miles), water=Warsak Dam Tunnel (3.5 miles). • Rainiest city is RawalPindi. • Rainiest place is Muree. • First Medical College was Nishtar Medical College. • Smallest Dam is Warsak dam. • Largest mountain range is Karakoram. • First to receive Nishan-e-Hyder was Mohd: Sarwar Shaheed. • First private airline of Pakistan is Hajvari. • Pak’s Second largest city is Lahore. • Abdur Rasheed was the first chief Justice was the first chief justice of Pakistan. • Zafarullah khan was the first foreign minister of Pakistan. • Keenjhar is the largest man made lake in Pakistan. • Manchar Lake is the biggest lake of Pakistan. • Trich Mir is the highest peak of Hindu Kush. • Largest coal mine is in Quetta. • In Pakistan, first woman bank was established in the year 1989. • Pakistan’s first geo-scientific laboratory is functioning in Islamabad. • The highest point of the Khyber Pass is Landhi Kotal. • The first atomic power station of Pakistan was installed in Karachi.
• The First President of America who made an official visit to Pakistan was Dwight D. Eishenhower • Largest airline is PIA. • Largest airport is Quaid-e-Azam Internationl Airport, Karachi. • Largest canal is Lloyd Barrage Canal. • Largest dam is Terbela. • Largest desert is Thar. • Largest district is Khuzdar (Baluchistan). • Largest industial unit is Pak: Steel Mill. • Largest industry is Textile. • Largest island is Manora (Karachi) • Largest Jungle is Changa Manga (Kasur). • Largest lake (artificial) is Keenjhar. • Largest lake (natural) is Manchar. • Largest library is Pujab Public Library, Lahore. • Largest mine is Salt Mines of Khewra. • Largest motorway is Lahore- Islamabad. • Largest museum is National Meseum, Karachi. • Largest circulated urdu newspaper is Jang, Enghish is The News. • Largest nuclear reactor is KANUPP, Karachi. • Largest oil field is Dhurnal Oil Field. • Largest park is Ayub National Park, Rawalpindi. • Largest Radio Station is Islamabad. • Largest university is Punjab University, Lahore. • Longest coast is of Baluchistan (771 km) • Largest railway platform is of Rohri. • Longest railway track: Karachi to Landi Kotal. • Longest road: Karachi to Peshawar.
1-Iftikhar Hussain Khan August 15, 1947 to January 25, 1949 Muslim League Governor's rule January 25, 1949 April 5, 1951 2-Mian Mumtaz Daultana April 15, 1951 to April 3, 1953 Muslim League 3-Feroz Khan Noon April 3, 1953 to May 21, 1955 Muslim League 4-Abdul Hamid Khan Dasti
May 21, 1955 to Muslim League
October 14, 1955
Post Abolished October 14, 1955 June 30, 1970 Part of West Pakistan province Martial law July 1, 1970 May 2, 1972 5-Malik Meraj Khalid May 2, 1972 to November 12, 1973 Pakistan Peoples Party 6-Ghulam Mustafa Khar November 12, 1973 to Pakistan Peoples Party
March 15, 1974
7-Hanif Ramay March 15, 1974 to July 15, 1975 Pakistan Peoples Party 8-Sadiq Hussain Qureshi July 15, 1975 to July 5, 1977 Pakistan Peoples Party Martial law July 5, 1977 April 9, 1985 9-Nawaz Sharif April 9, 1985 to August 13, 1990 Pakistan Muslim League 10-Ghulam Haider Wyne November 8, 1990 to Islami Jamhoori Ittehad
April 25, 1993
11-Manzoor Wattoo (1st time) April 25, 1993 to July 19, 1993 Pakistan Muslim League (J) 12-Manzoor Elahi (caretaker) July 19, 1993 to October 20, 1993
13-Manzoor Wattoo (2nd time) October 20, 1993 to September 13, 1995 Pakistan Muslim League (J) 14-Sardar Arif Nakai September 13, 1995 to November 3, 1996 Pakistan Muslim League (J) 15-Manzoor Wattoo (3rd time) November 3, 1996 to November 16, 1996 Pakistan Muslim League (J) 16-Mian Afzal Hayat (caretaker) November 16, 1996 to February 20, 1997 17-Shahbaz Sharif (1st time) February 20, 1997 to October 12, 1999 Pakistan Muslim League (N) Governor's rule October 11, 1999 November 29, 2002 18-Chaudhry Pervaiz Elahi November 29, 2002 to November 18, 2007 Pakistan Muslim League (Q) 19-Shiekh Ejaz Nisar (caretaker) November 19, 2007 to April 11, 2008 20-Dost Muhammad Khosa April 12, 2008 to June 8, 2008 Pakistan Muslim League (N) 21-Shahbaz Sharif (2nd time) June 8, 2008 to February 25, 2009 Pakistan Muslim League (N) Governor's rule February 25, 2009 March 30, 2009 22-Shahbaz Sharif (Restored) March 30, 2009 to Incumbent Pakistan Muslim League (N)
National Symbols of Pakistan Flag
Flag of Pakistan
Emblem
Faith, Unity, Discipline
Anthem
Qaumi Tarana
Animal
Markhor
Bird
Chukar
Flower
Jasmine
Tree
Cedrus deodara
Juice
Sugarcane juice
Sport
Field hockey
Dress
Shalwar Kameez
What is the date of birth of Quaid-e-Azam" and date od death A: December 25, 1876 11 september 1948
Q: Where was Quaid-e-Azam born? A: Karachi Q: What was the name of the building where Quaid-e-Azam was born? A: Wazir Mansion in Kharadar Q: What was the name of his father? A: Jinnahbhai Poonja Q: What was the name of his mother? A: Mithibai Q: Name the ancestral village of Quaid's family? A: Paneli in Kathiawar
Q: What was the name of Quaid's aunt who first took him to Bombay in his childhood? A: Manbai Q: Name the brothers and sisters of Quaid-e-Azam? A: Rahmat, Maryam, Ahmed Ali, Bande Ali, Fatima, Sh in n Q: What was his mother tongue? A: Gujrati Q: What was the profession of his father? A: Business Q: When did Quaid-e-Azam first marry? A: 1892 Q: What was the name of his first wife? A: Emibai Q: When did his first wife die? A: 1894
Q: When did his mother expire? A: 1893 Q: When did his father die? A: 1902 Q: What is the date of birth of Quaid's sister Mohtarma Fatima Jinnah? A: July3l, 1891 Q: What was Fatima Jinnah titled? A: Madar-e-MiIlat (Mother of the Nation) Q: When did Quaid-e-Azam's second marriage take place? A: Aprill9,1918 Q: What was the name of his second wife? A: RatanBai Q: What was the name of her father? A: Sir Dinshaw Petit Q: When was Quaid's only child born? A: August 14, 1919
Q: What was the name of Quaid's only daughter? A: Dina Q: When did Quaid's second wife die? A: February 20, 1929
Quaid-e-Azam Early Life Q: When was the first tutor engaged to teach Quaid-e-Azam at home? A: 1882 Q: Which school did he first join? A: Sindh Madrassah-tul-lslam Q: When was he admitted at Sindh Madrassah-tul-Islam? A: July4, 1887 Q: When was he first taken to Bombay? A: 1887 Q: Which school did he join during his brief stay in Bombay? A: Anjuman-e-lslam School Q: When was he readmitted at Sindh Madrassah-tul-Islam? A: December23, 1887 Q: Which was the game he used to play in his schoof life? A: Cricket Q: At what age he took to horse riding A: Ten years Q: When did he leave Sindh Madrassah-tul-lslam? A: January 30, 1892 Q: Which school did he join in after leaving Sindh Madrassah-tul-lslam? A: Mission High School
Higher Education Q: When did Quaid-e-Azam leave for England for higher studies? A: December 1892
Q: On whose advice did he proceed to England? A: Sir Leigh Croft Q: In which bank did he open his account upon arrival in England? A: Royal Bank of Scotland Q: In which company did he begin apprenticeship in London? A: GrahamTrading Company Q: Which educational institution did he first join in Eng-land? A: Lincoln,s lnn Q: Why had he chosen to join Lincoln's Inn? A: He specifically chose to join Lincoln's Inn because he noticed the name of Holy Prophet Muhammad (Peace Be Upon Him) heading the list of the great-est law-givers of the world on a plaque at its main entrance. Q: When did he join Lincoln's Inn? A: June 25, 1893 Q: What was the aim of his voyage to England at first? A: To establisth business over there Q: When was the degree of Bar-at-Law conferred upon him? A: April29, 1896 Q: Which library was first joined by him in England? A: British Museum Library Q: When did he change his surname from Jinnahbhai toJinnah? A: 1893 Q: Who was the Prime Minister of England when Quaid-e-Azam was studying law in England? A: William Ewart Gladstone Q: Which were Quaid's favourite newspapers during his stay in England? A: The Times, The Liberal Daily News and The Pall Mall Gazette Q: When did he return from England after completing his education? A: 1896
Q: When did Quaid-e-Azam leave for England for higher studies? A: December 1892 Q: On whose advice did he proceed to England?
A: Sir Leigh Croft Q: In which bank did he open his account upon arrival in England? A: Royal Bank of Scotland Q: In which company did he begin apprenticeship in London? A: GrahamTrading Company Q: Which educational institution did he first join in Eng-land? A: Lincoln,s lnn Q: Why had he chosen to join Lincoln's Inn? A: He specifically chose to join Lincoln's Inn because he noticed the name of Holy Prophet Muhammad (Peace Be Upon Him) heading the list of the great-est law-givers of the world on a plaque at its main entrance. Q: When did he join Lincoln's Inn? A: June 25, 1893 Q: What was the aim of his voyage to England at first? A: To establisth business over there Q: When was the degree of Bar-at-Law conferred upon him? A: April29, 1896 Q: Which library was first joined by him in England? A: British Museum Library Q: When did he change his surname from Jinnahbhai toJinnah? A: 1893 Q: Who was the Prime Minister of England when Quaid-e-Azam was studying law in England? A: William Ewart Gladstone Q: Which were Quaid's favourite newspapers during his stay in England? A: The Times, The Liberal Daily News and The Pall Mall Gazette Q: When did he return from England after completing his education? A: 1896
Professional Career Q: When did Ouaid-e-Azam commence his career as a professional lawyer? A: 1896 Q: In which court did he first register himself as a barrister?
A: Bombay High Court Q: When was he enrolled as a barrister at Bombay High Court? A: August 24,1896 Q: To whom he was first introduced as a lawyer? A: Advocate General of Bombay, Mac Pherson Q: When was Quaid-e-Azam first appointed as Third Presidency Magistrate in Bombay? A: 1900 Q: When did he become a member of Orient Club Bombay? A: 1902 Q: When did he join Municipal Corporation Bombay as a legal advisor? A: 1903 Q: When was he elected as member of Bombay Cor- poration? A: 1904 Q: When was he nominated as a representative of Bombay Presidency Association to plead the In-dian case before the British electorate? A: 1905 Q: When did he resign from the membership of Bom-bay Corporation? A: 1907 Q: When did his political career begin? A: 1906 Q: When did he join Indian National Congress? A: 1906 Q: When did he join All fndia Muslim League? A: 1913 Q: Who had invited him to join Muslim League? A: Maulana Muhammad Ali Jauhar Q: When was he elected Vice President of Indian Muslim Association? A: 1907 Q: When was he elected member Executive Committee of Anjuman Zia-ul-Islam? A: 1907 Q: When did he become Private Secretary to Congress President Dadabhai Naoroji?
A: 1906 Q: When was Qua id-e-Azam elected to Imperial Legislative Council of India? A: 1909 Q: From which constituency he was elected to the Council? A: Bombay Presidency Q: When did he join Home Rule League? A: 1916 Q: Who founded Home Rule League? A: Annie Besant Q: When did he leave Congress? A: 1920 Q: Why had he resigned from Congress? A: In protest of Gandhi's resolution of noncooperation movement against the British regime Q: When did Quaid-e-Azam first become President of Muslim League? A: 1916 Q: When did he present his famous 14 points? A: March28,1929 Q: Where did he present them? A: During the session of All India Muslim League at Delhi Q: Why did he come up with his 14 points? A: It was in response to the unjust Nehru Report which had fallen short of the just demands of the Muslims Q: With whom did he represent the Muslim delega-tion in the first as well as the second Round Table Conference? A: Maulana Muhammad All Jauhar Q: Did Quaid-e-Azam join the Civil Disobedience. Movement which was launched by Gandhi ? A: No. Because he was against violating the laws Q: In how many Round Table Conferences did he participate? A: Two Q: When was the first conference held? A: 1930.
Q: When was the second conference held? A: 1932 Q: Were the conferences a success story?' A: No Q: When did Quaid-e-Azam return to India to reorganise Muslim League? A: 1937 Q: Why was Quaid-e-Azam known as Ambassador of Peace and Unity? A: He had worked. a great deal for Hlndu-Muslim unity as a result of which the annual sessions of both Congress as well as Muslim League were held at Lucknow in 1916 Q: Which historic meeting did the Ouaid preside in 1940? A: The Lahore session of All India Muslim League in which the Pakistan Resolution was tabled and passed. Q: What was the Pakistan Resolution? A: In this resolution it was demanded that those ar eas of India where the Muslims were in majority should be formed into separate and independent Units . Q: Who had tabled the Pakistan Resolution? A: A K Fazle Haq Q: Who had seconded the resolution? A: Chaudhry Khaliq-uz-Zaman Q: How many people were estimated to have attended the Lahore session of Muslim League in which the Pakistan Resolution was tabled and passed? A: 100,000 Q: Where was the Annual Convention of Muslim League held in 1941? A: Madras Q: When did Quaid-e-Azam present his two-nation theory? A: December 28, 1940 Q: Where had he presented the theory? A: Ahmedabad Q: When was All India Muslim Students Federation founded? A: December 1937 Q: Where was the first meeting of the federation held? A: Calcutta
Q: When did Nishat-e-Sania of Muslim League come into being? A: October1937 Q: Where was that historic decision taken? A: Lucknow Q: When was All India Muslim League Volunteer Corps founded? A: October1937 Q: Who was the founding Convenor of the Corps? A: Abdul Haq Barklay Q: Name the person who announced the title of Quald-e-Azam for Muhammad Ali Jinnah? A: Ferozuddin Ahmed Q: Where did he make that announcement? A: During the Patna session of All India Muslim League Q: When was the Women Wing of Muslim League established A: 1937 Q: Who had helped Ouaid-e-Azam in the formation of Women Wing of Muslim League? A: His sister Fatima Jinnah
Quaid-e-Azam life after Independence Q: When did Quaid-e-Azam reach Karachi on the eve of Independence? A: August 7, 1947 Q: Which city was declared as capital of Pakistan by Ouaid-e-Azam? A: Karachi Q: When did he chair first meeting of the Constituent Assembly of Pakistan? A: August 12, 1947 Q: When did he host a banquet in the honour of Lord Mountbatten, the last viceroy of British India? A: August l3, 1947 Q: When was Quaid-e-Azam sworn in as the first Governor General of Pakistan? A: August l5, 1947 Q: Who had administered the oath from him? A: Justice Sir Abdul Rashid
Q: When was Quaid-e-Azam given first civic reception by Karachi Metropolitan Corporation? A: August 25, 1947 Q: Which was the first private factory to be inaugurated by Quaid-e-Azam? A: Valika Textile Mills Q: When did he inaugurate that factory? A: September 26, 1947 Q: When did he first address the Armed Forces of Pakistan? A: October 11, 1947 Q: When did he issue Banking Companies (Pakistan) Ordinance? A: October 22, 1947 Q: When was National Guards Ordinance issued by him? A: November 2, 1947 Q: When did he inaugurate Bengal Oil Mills? A: February 2, 1948 Q: When did he perform the opening ceremony of State Bank of Pakistan? A: July 1, 1948 Q: Which was the last public function attended by Quaid-e-Azam? A: The opening ceremony of State Bank Q: When did he move to Ziarat? A: July 14,1948 Q: When did he move to Quetta? A: August 13,1948 Q: When did he finally return to Karachi? A: September 11, 1948 Q: When did he die? A: September 11, 1948 Q: Where did he die? A: Karachi Q: Where was he buried? A: Karachi Q: When was he buried?
A: September 12, 1948 Q: How many people turned up in his funeral procession? A: Nearly 0.6 million Q: Who succeeded Quaid-e-Azam as Governor General of Pakistan? A: Khwaja Nazimuddin Miscallenous Questions Q: Name the chowkidar who served Quaid-e-Azam in the Ziarat Residency in Balochistan? A: TotiKhan Q: What was the name of his personal physician? A: Dr Col Elahi Bakhsh Q: What was the name of his driver? A: Muhammad Hanif Azad Q: Which English poet did Quaid-e-Azam admire most? A: William Shakespeare Q: Which game did he like most? A: Billiards Q: Which other games did he himself play? A: Cricket and golf Q: Where is Jinnah Town Hall located? A: Bombay Q: What is the meaning of Jinnah? A: Tall, slim or something similar Q: What is the meaning of Ouaid-e-Azam? A: Great Leader Q: What was the motto of his life? A: Unity, faith and discipline Q: Which newspaper was founded by him? A: Dawn Q: How tall was Quaid-e-Azam? A: Five feet and ten inches
Q: What was the colour of his eyes? A: Black Q: In which eye did he use to wear monocle? A: Right Q: In which city Ouaid-e-Azam University located? A: Islamabad Q: Who designed the mausoleum of Quaid-e-Azam? A: Yahya Merchant Q: Which country gifted the chandelier for the mausoleum? A: China Q: When was the mausoleum of Quaid-e-Azam com-pleted? A: 1971 Q: What is the new name of Flag Staff House? A: Quaid-e-Azam House Museum Q: From whom Ouaid-e-Azam had purchased that building? A: Sohrab Katrak Cawasjee Q: When had Quaid-e-Azam acquired Flag Staff House? A: 1943 Q: Who had inaugurated Quaid-e-Azam House Museum? A: Hakim Muhammad Said Allama Iqbal, great poet-philosopher and active political leader, was born at Sialkot, Punjab, in 1877. He descended from a family of Kashmiri Brahmins, who had embraced Islam about 300 years earlier. Iqbal received his early education in the traditional maktab. Later he joined the Sialkot Mission School, from where he passed his matriculation examination. In 1897, he obtained his Bachelor of Arts Degree from Government College, Lahore. Two years later, he secured his Masters Degree and was appointed in the Oriental College, Lahore, as a lecturer of history, philosophy and English. He later proceeded to Europe for higher studies. Having obtained a degree at Cambridge, he secured his doctorate at Munich and finally qualified as a barrister.
He returned to India in 1908. Besides teaching and practicing law, Iqbal continued to write poetry. He resigned from government service in 1911 and took up the task of propagating individual thinking among the Muslims through his poetry. By 1928, his reputation as a great Muslim philosopher was solidly established and he was invited to deliver lectures at Hyderabad, Aligarh and Madras. These series of lectures were later published as a book "The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam". In 1930, Iqbal was invited to preside over the open session of the Muslim League at Allahabad. In his historic Allahabad Address, Iqbal visualized an independent and sovereign state for the Muslims of North-Western India. In 1932, Iqbal came to England as a Muslim delegate to the Third Round Table Conference. In later years, when the Quaid had left India and was residing in England, Allama Iqbal wrote to him conveying to him his personal views on political problems and state of affairs of the Indian Muslims, and also persuading him to come back. These letters are dated from June 1936 to November 1937. This series of correspondence is now a part of important historic documents concerning Pakistan's struggle for freedom. On April 21, 1938, the great Muslim poet-philosopher and champion of the Muslim cause, passed away. He lies buried next to the Badshahi Mosque in Lahore. Mohammad Nawaz Sharif Mian Mohammad Nawaz Sharif
He was born in Lahore, Pakistan on December 25, 1949 His family came from the village of Jati Umra (Amritsar)
He attended St. Anthony's School Lahore. However, he along with his younger brother Shahbaz Sharif later on attended Pakistan Railway High School, Moghalpura, Lahore. Both passed Matric from this school in 1964 and 1965 respectively. Nawaz Sharif got admission in the Government College of Lahore. He obtained his B.A. degree after appearing in the supplementary examination. He attained his Bachelor of Law degree from the Punjab University Law College, which is also in Lahore. He is a joint owner of Ittefaq Group. Ittefaq Group is one of the largest business conglomerates in Pakistan. He became Prime Minister on 1 November 1990 and succeeded Benazir Bhutto He was elected Prime Minister in 1997 to serve a non-consecutive second term On 12 October 1999, Sharif was removed by Pakistan Army Chief General Pervez Musharraf He was Prime Minister of Pakistan twice. He served two non-consecutive terms (November 1990-July 1993 and February 1997-October 1999). He leads the political party, Pakistan Muslim League (N) He was Chief Minister of Punjab from 1985 to 1990. He owns Ittefaq Group, a private steel mill enterprise. In his tenure Pakistan carried out its successful nuclear tests on 28 May 1998, and on 30 May 19
National Highway and Motorway in Pakistan National highways and motorways link all major cities in Pakistan and are undergoing rapid expansion to cater to the fast growing surface transportation needs of this rapidly emerging economy. National Highway Authority National Highway Authority is responsible for building and maintaining highways and motorways in Pakistan. The National Highway Authority (NHA) was established in 1991, through an Act of the Pakistani Parliament. The NHA plans, develops, operates, repairs and maintains national highways and strategic roads specially entrusted to it by the Federal Government, by a Provincial Government or by another authority. The total length of federalized roads under NHA now stands at 5487.5 miles (8780km): this accounts for 3% of the Pakistani road network and 75% of the commercial road traffic in Pakistan. N5 - Karachi-Thatta-Hyderabad-Moro-Multan-Sahiwal-Lahore-Jhelum-Rawalpindi-PeshawarTorkham (Grand Trunk Road) 1819 KM
N10 - Lyari-Gwadar-Gabd (Makran Coastal Highway) 653 KM N15 - Mansehra-Naran-Jhalkhand 240 KM N25 - Karachi-Bela-Khuzdar-Kalat-Quetta-Chaman (RCD Highway) 813 KM N35 - Hasan Abdal-Abbottabad-Thakot-Gilgit-Khunjerab (Karakoram Highway, KKH) 806 KM N40 - Lakpass-Naukundi-Taftan 610 KM N45 - Nowshera-Dir-Chitral 309 KM N50 - Kuchlack-Zhob-Dera Ismail Khan 531 KM N55 - Kotri-Shikarpur-Dera Ghazi Khan-Kohat-Peshawar (Indus Highway) 1264 KM N65 - Sukkur-Sibi-Saryab 385 KM N70 - Qila Saifullah-Loralai-Dera Ghazi Khan-Multan 447 KM N75 - Islamabad-Satra Mile-Lower Topa (Murree)-Kohala (Murree Expressway) 90 KM N80 - Tarnol-Kohat 144 KM S1 - Gilgit-Skardu 167 KM S2 - Kohala-Muzaffarabad 40 KM MOTORWAYS IN PAKISTAN There are ten motorways in Pakistan, out of which only the M2 and M3 have been completed. The M1 and part of the M8 and M10 are under construction and are scheduled to be completed in 2007. M1 - Islamabad to Peshawar M2 - Lahore to Islamabad M3 - Pindi Bhattian to Faisalabad M4 - Faisalabad to Multan M5 - Multan to Dera Ghazi Khan M6 - Dera Ghazi Khan to Ratodero M7 - Kakkar via Dureji to Karachi M8 - Gwadar to Ratodero M9 - Karachi to Hyderabad M10 - Karachi Northern Bypass M2 - Lahore to Sialkot Foot Ball World Cups
Year
Place
Winner
Runners up
1930
Uruguay
Uruguay
Argentina
1934
Italy
Italy
Czechoslovakia
1938
France
Italy
Hungary
1942
Cancelled ———— ——————(2nd World — War)
1946
Cancelled ———— —————— (2nd World —War)
1950
Brazil
1954
Switzerland West Germany
Hungary
1958
Sweden
Brazil
Sweden
1962
Chile
Brazil
Czechoslovakia
1966
England
England
West Germany
1970
Mexico
Brazil
Italy
1974
West Germany
West Germany
Holland
1978
Argentina
Argentina Holland
1982
Spain
Italy
1986
Mexico
Argentina West Germany
1990
Italy
West Germany
1994
United State Brazil s of America
Italy
1998
France
Brazil
2002
Japan and Brazil South Korea
Germany
2006
Germany
France
2010
South Africa (Scheduled) —Spain——— ——
2014
Brazil
National Game
Uruguay
France
Italy
Brazil
West Germany
Argentina
(Scheduled) ——————-
Countr y
Game
Country
Game
Bhutan
Archery
Indonesia -
Badminton
USA
Baseball
Spain
Bulls Fighting
Canada
Ice Hockey
India
Hockey
Russia
Football , Chess
China
Table Tennis
Brazil
Football
France
Football
England
Cricket
Australia
Cricket
Japan
Judo
Malaysia
BadMinton
Pakistan
Hockey
Scotland
Rugby Footbal l
World Famous Parliaments. Indian Parliament (Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha) Nepal Rashtriya Panchayat Pakistan National Assembly Denmark Folketing Britain Parliament (House of commons and House of Lords) Russia Duma and Federal Council Germany Bundstag (Lower House) and Bundesrat (Upper House)
China National people’s Congress Switzerland Federal Assembly France National Assembly U.S.A. Congress (house of Representatives and Senate) Turkey Grand National Assembly Bhutan Tshogdu Iran Majlis Bangladesh Jatiya Sansad Afghanistan Shora Norway Storting Isreal Knesset Spain Cortes Generales Maldives Mazlis Australia Federal Parliament Japan Diet Myanmar
Pyithu Hluttaw (People’s Assembly) Canada Parliament
World Political Parties World Political Parties
United states of America Republican Party, Democratic Party Iraq Bath Party Israel Labour Party, Likud Party Hamas Party, Shas Party France Socialist Party, National Front, Union for France Democracy Australia Liberal Party, Labour Party Bangladesh Bangladesh Nationalist Party, Awami League, Jatiya Party Nepal Nepali Communist Party, Nepali Congress party China Communist Party of China Sri Lanka United National Party, Freedom Party South Africa African National Congress, National Party, Inkatha Freedom Party. United Kingdom Conservative Party, Labour Party, Liberal Democratic Party.
Russia Communist Party, Liberal Democratic Party, Russias, Choice India India National Congress, Bharatiya Janata Party, RJD, CPI, CPM, SP, LJP, TDP Pakistan Muslim League, Pakistan people Party
SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS • Hydrometer measures humidity • Barometer measures atmospheric pressure • Purity of milk is measured by lactometer • Fathometer measures the depth of oceans. • Sextant is used for measuring altitude of Sun and other heavenly bodies • Chronometer records accurate time on ships • Algesimeter indicates the degree of sensitiveness of skin • Altimeter measures altitudes • Ammeter measures current • Anemometer records velocity of wind • Cyamometer measures blueness of sky or ocean • Dasymeter measures density of gas • Galvanometer measures small electric current • Hydrometer measures relative density of liquids • Hygrometer measures humidity in atmosphere • Hypsometer measures atmospheric pressure to ascertain elevations by determining boiling point of liquid. Or Hypsometer is an instrument for measuring the height above sea level. • Manometer measures pressure of gases • Micrometer measures minute distances • Periscope is used for viewing objects above eye level • Cyclotron is used for electromagnetic acceleration of charged atoms • Geiger counter is used for detecting and recording radioactivity. It was invented by Hans Geiger (1882-1945) • Pyrometer measures high temperatures • Refrectometer measures refractive index of a substance • Seismograph measures intensity of earthquake • Telstar transmits wireless or T.V broadcast • Viscometer measures viscosity of liquids
• Spiro graph records the movement of lungs • Photometer measures rate of transpiration • Scotograph is used for enbling blind to write • Eratosthenes measures distance round the earth • Kaldio-scopes have proved helpful in finding the amount of dampness in soil • Mohr’s scale measures degree of hardness of minerals • RBC and WBC is bloods are counted by Hemocytometer. • Manometer is the instrument of measuring gas pressure. • Spectrometer instrument for measuring the spectrum of light. • The variation in the blood flow can be heard with an instrument called _ stethoscope _ • What is measured by an interferometer-Wavelength of light • Hydrophone is used for measuring sound under water. • Magnometer is an instrument designed to compare the magnetic movement and field. • Potometer is used to measure the rate of respiration in animal and plants. • For measuring solar radiation we use pyrheliometer. • Actimometer measures direct heating power of the Sun. • Ammeter is use for measuring current strength. • Manometer is the instrument of measuring gas pressure. • Spectrometer instrument for measuring the spectrum of light. • The measurement of rainfall is made by an instrument known as rain gauge • What is measured with an ombrometer-Rainfall • The instrument used to measure very high temperature: Infrared pyrometers • Mechanical energy into electrical energy: Generator • Heat energy into mechanical energy: Heat engine or steam engine. • Electrical energy into mechanical energy: Electrical Motor • Electrical energy into sound energy: Loudspeaker • Sound energy into electrical energy: Microphone • The device used to measure radioactivity: Geiger-Muller tube • The device which converts the chemical energy into electrical energy: Battery • The device used to measure radioactivity. Geiger counter • Hygrometer is instrument used for measuring humidity of air. • Heliscope is used for viewing the sun. • What does a potometer measure- Water intake • Clinical thermometer usually measures in Fahrenheit. • Actimometer measures direct heating power of the Sun. • Ammeter is use for measuring current strength • Voltammeter is an electrolytic cell for conducting electrolytic dissociation of electrolyte. • What does a drosomoter measure: Dew • Relative density of an atmosphere is measured by hygrometer. • Spirograph is an apparatus used for recording the movement of the lungs. • The maximum limit of sound beyond which a person can become deaf is 129 lbs. • Charles K Rhodes developed an X-Ray emitting laser in 1990. • Son meter is an instrument used to study the behavior of vibrating string. • The instrument used for measuring the velocity of wind is known as anemometer. Altimeter: an apparatus used in aircraft for measuring altitudes. Ammeter: is used for to measure intensity of sound.
Anemometer: is an instrument for measuring the force and velocity of wind. Audiometer: an instrument to measure intensity of sound. Audiophone: is an instrument required for improving imperfect sense of hearing. Barograph: for continuous recording of atmospheric pressure. Barometer: is an apparatus used for measuring the atmospheric pressure. Binoculars: is an instrument used for seeing distant objects, the rays of light are twice reflected by means of right-angled prisms. Callipers: a compass with legs for measuring the inside or outside diameter of bodies. Calorimeter: an instrument used for measuring quantities of heat. Carburettor: is an apparatus for charging air with petrol vapours in an internal combustion engine. Cardiogram: a medical instrument used for tracing the movements of the heart. Cardiograph: is a medical instrument for tracing heart movements. Chronometer: is an instrument kept on board the ships for measuring accurate time. Cinematograph: It consists of a series of lenses arranged to throw on a screen an enlarged image of photographs. The lens system which forms the image on the screen is termed the focusing lens. Commutator: split ring which forms the main part of a D.C. Dynamo. Compass needle: for knowing approximately the North-South direction at a place. Crescograph: is an instrument for use in recording growth of plants; invented by J.C. Bose. Dip Circle: It is an instrument used to determine the angle between the direction of the resultant intensity of earth’s field and the horizontal component at a place. This particular angle is know as the dip of that place. Drinker’s apparatus: to help breathing in infantile paralysis. Dynamo: The origin of electricity in a Dynamo is the transformation of mechanical energy into electrical energy. It depends on the principle of electro-magnetic induction whereby a current is produced on traversing a magnetic field. Electroencephalograph (EEG): It is the technique of recording and interpreting the electrical activity of the brain. Records of the electrical activity of the brain, commonly known as “brain waves”, are called electroencephalograms or electroencephalographs. EEG is the common abbreviation for both the technique and the records. Epidiascope: for projecting films as well as images of opaque articles on a screen. Eudiometer: It is a glass tube for measuring volume changes in chemical reactions between gases. Fathometer: is an instrument used for measuring depth of the ocean. Galvanometer: an instrument for measuring currents of small magnitude. G.M. Counter (Geiger Muller Counter): This special device is used for detecting the presence of radiation and counting certain atomic particles. Gramophone: an instrument with which we can reproduce the sound recorded by a suitable recording apparatus. It is fitted with a special type of apparatus known as sound box invented by Berliner. Gravimeter: is an instrument for recording measurement under water and to determine the presence of oil deposits under water. Gyroscope: is an instrument used to illustrate dynamics of rotating bodies. It is a type of spinning wheel fixed to the axle. Hydrometer: is an instrument used for measuring the specific gravity of liquids.
Hydrophone: is an instrument used for recording sound under water. Hygrometer: is an instrument used for measuring humidity in air. Kymograph: is an instrument used to record graphically various physiological movements i.e., blood pressure, heart beating, study of lungs etc in living beings. Lactometer: is an apparatus used for measuring the purity of milk. Manometer: for determining the pressure of a gas. Mariner’s Compass: is an apparatus which is used to guide the sailors. The needle always points north-south. Micrometer: is an instrument used for converting sound i.e., fraction of the lowest division of a given scale. Microphone: is an instrument used for converting sound waves into electrical vibrations. Microscope: is an instrument which is used for magnifying minute objects by a lens system. Microtome: is used for cutting an object into thin parts for microscopic inspection. Odometer: is an instrument by virtue of which the distance covered by wheeled vehicles is recorded. Periscope: It is usually used by the crew of a submarine to survey the ships etc, on the surface of the sea while the submarine is under water. It also enables the sailors to observe objects on the other side of an obstacle without exposing themselves. Phonograph: is an instrument used for reproducing sound. Photometer: is an apparatus used to compare the illuminating power of two sources of light. Pipette: It is a glass tube with the aid of which a definite volume of liquid may be transferred. Potentiometer: is used for comparing the e.m.f.s, of cells, measurements of the thermal e.m.f.s, large potential differences and currents. It is also used for measuring low resistances. Psychrometer: is an instrument for measurement of the humidity of the atmosphere. Pyrometer: is an instrument for recording high temperatures from a great distance (i.e., for recording temperature of the sun etc.) by making use of the laws of radiation. Radar: Radio, Angle, Detection And Range is used to detect the direction and range of an approaching aeroplane by means of radio microwaves. Rain Gauge: is an apparatus for recording of rainfall at a particular place. Radiometer: is an instrument for measuring the emission of radiant energy. Refractometer: is an instrument to measure refractive indices. Saccharimeter: is an instrument for determining the amount of sugar in a solution. It is used in breweries. Seismometer or Seismograph: is an instrument used for recording earthquake shocks. Sextant: is an instrument invented by John Hadley used for measuring the altitude of the sun and of other inaccessible heavenly bodies. Spectrometer: (1) It is a type of spectroscope suitable for the precise measurements of refractive indices. (2) An instrument for measuring the energy distribution of a particular type of radiation. Speedometer: is an instrument which indicates speed at which a vehicle is moving. Spherometer: is an instrument for measuring curvature of surfaces. Sphygmomanometer: an instrument used for measuring arterial blood-pressure. Sphygmophone: an instrument, with the help of which a pulse beat makes a sound. Sphygmoscope: an instrument, by virtue of which, arterial pulsations become visible. Stereoscope: It is a special type of binocular, through which a double photograph snapped from two different angles by a two-lensed camera is viewed in solid relief. Stethoscope: is an instrument to hear and analyse movements of heart and lungs.
Stop watch: for recording small intervals of time in the laboratory, in races and other events. Stroboscope: is an instrument for viewing objects moving rapidly with a periodic motion and to see them as if they were at rest. Tachometer: is an instrument for determining speeds of aeroplanes and motor boats. Telephone: a device by virtue of which two persons at two different places can communicate. It consists of two main parts (i) a microphone and (ii) a receiver. Teleprinter: an instrument which prints automatically messages sent from one place to another, on telegraph lines. Telescope: is an apparatus used for observing distant objects. Theodolite: is an instrument for measuring horizontal and vertical angles. Thermocouple: an instrument based on thermo-electricity used for measuring temperatures. Thermometer: is an apparatus used for measuring temperature. Thermostat: It is an instrument used to regulate the temperature to a particular degree. Viscometer: is an instrument to measure viscosity
UNITS OF MEASUREMENT UNITS OF MEASUREMENT • 1 horse power is 745.7 watts • 1 horse power = work equal to lifting 550 lbs of weight to one foot for one second • 1 calorie is equal to 4.2 Joules • 1 barrel is equal to 159 liters • 6 feet = 1 fathom • 1 kwh = 3.6 x 10 power 6 joules • A 100 watt bulb lights for 1 hour uses 100 watt hour of electricity • -273 degree centigrade is called absolute zero temperature. • Standard pressure is 760 mm or 14.7 lb/in2 • Gross is equal to 12 dozens • Mach 2 = 500 miles per hour • 1 nautical mile = 1825 meters • Unit of pressure is Pascal • Force is measured in Newton (SI), Dyne (CGS) • At -40 deg F Fahrenheit scale is equal to centigrade scale • Hertz and Angstrom are units of frequency • Units of work and energy are Joule and Erg (CGS) • Diopter is unit of power of lens • Unit is density is kg/m3 • Unit of power is watt, BTU (Board of Trade Unit) • Unit of electric charge is Coulomb • Unit of voltage is volt • Unit of electric resistance is ohm • Unit of capacitance is Farad • Unit of magnetic flux is Weber, Tesla • Unit of radio activity is Becquerel • Unit of luminous intensity is candle, lux
• Unit of crude oil is Barrel • Unit of volume of water is cusec, cubic/sec • Unit of admittance is Mho • Unit of intensity or loudness of sound is bel • Unit of viscosity is Poise • Unit of flight speed is Mach I • Unit of atmospheric pressure is milli bar • Unit of wave length of light is Angstrom • Unit of energy is Electron volt • Unit of brightness is Lambert • Unit of luminous flux is Lumen • Intensity of illumination or unit of luminosity is Lux, Candela and Candle power • Unit of magnetic pole strength is Weber • Unit of RAD (Radiation Absorbed Dose) is Gray • Unit of Electric Current is Ampere • Unit of inductance is Henry • Unit of conductance is siemens. • Unit of heat is Joule, Calorie, BTU (British Thermal Unit) • Radio activity is measured in currie • Rutherford : strength of radioactivity • Torr: pressure • Fermi : length [A unit of length equal to one femtometer (10-15 meter)] • Sved berg unit:sedimentation rate • Dioptre: power of lense • Mho : conductivity • Henry: inductance • Maxwell: magnetic flux • Becquerel: radioactivity • Kilo watt hour: power • Coulomb: unit of electrical charge • Weber: unit of magnetic flux • Tesla: unit of magnetic flux density • Siemen: unit of conductance • Rutherford: unit of rate of decay of radioactive material • Faraday: unit of electric charge • Angstrom: unit of length, used especially to specify radiation wavelengths • Parsec: unit of astronomical length • Degree: unit of measurement of an angle • Steradian: Unit of solid angle measurement • Dyne is a unit of Force. • SI unit of pressure is Pascal. • Curie is a unit of : radioactivity • Pascal Sound Pressure • Torr Pressure • Curie Intensity of radioactivity • Angstrom Unit of length
• Light year The distance light travels in a year • Dioptre Lens refractive power • Horse power Unit of Power • Radian Unit of angular measure • Candela Unit of luminous intensity • Mole unit of amount of substance • What is measured in units called phon- Sound 192 • What is measured in grains - four grains to a carat- Pearls • Unit of electromotive force in Volt. • What is the SI unit of illumination -Lux • Gross is equal to 12 dozen. • Ozone is measured in percent age. • An object traveling at Mach 2 is traveling approximately at 500 mph.(chk) • What is measured on the Gay-Lussac scale: Alcohol strength • Chronometer is used to measure... time • Anemometer is used to measure... Wind Speed • The clusec is the unit measuring the power of what Vacuum pumps • One million cycles per second is called Megahertz. • 0.200 grams are equal to one carat. • Voltammeter is an electrolytic cell for conducting electrolytic dissociation of electrolyte. • 8 furlongs make one mile. • A billion contain 1000 million. It has 9 zeroes. Similarly a trillion has 12 zeroes,a quadrillion 15 zeroes,a quintillion 18 zeroes and a decillion 33 zeroes. • One inch is equal to 2.5400 cms and one mile is equal to 1.6093 kms. • One micron is equal to One-thousandth of a millimeter. • 2.47105 acres is equal to what SI unit-Hectare • What word describes one tenth of a nautical mile-Cable • What is measured on the Torro scale -Tornados • unit of sound named after- Alexander Graham Bell - Decibel • The density Smoke is measured on the Rngelmann scale• Unit of electromotive force in Volt. • Power is measured in Watts (w). • Resistance was discovered by Girge Ohm in 1826, and is measured in ohms. • Electricity does not flow through a circuit by itself. It needs a ‘push’, or energy, to keep it moving. We call this energy the voltage of the circuit. Voltage is measured in volts (v). • The German scientist George Ohm (1787-1854) is best remembered for working out ohm’s law. He discovered that they voltage across a conductor such as a trip of metal or a wire – and the current following through it always vary in the same proportion. So if you double the voltage, you double the current. This is incredibly useful; because it lets you predict the current you will get for a particular voltage. • The thickness of silk is measured in what- Denier • Ohm’s law does not apply to semiconductors and conductors when there is change in temperature. • In our houses we get 220 V a.c. The value of 220 V represents the effective voltage. • One unit of electric power is consumed when 10 A of current flows for 1 hour at 100 V. 1 Unit = 1 kw hr = 1000 w hr = 100 x 10 x 1 hr
• If the same note is played on a flute and a sitar, one can still distirguish b/w them because they differ in quality. • A negatively charged glass rod has always less protons than electrons. • The wavelength of the X-rays is of the order of 0.1 nanometer. • Red, green and blue are known as primary colours. These are colours which cannot be produced by mixing with other colours. • Scattering of light ___ the duration of the day (make) • Oil rises in a wick of oil lamp on account of a property of matter called Capillary Action • a primary cell can ___ be charged again (not) • When a person can see nearer objects but not the distant ones he is said to be suffering from : nearsightedness (myopia) • ATP is a molecule containing high energy bonds. • An example of inorganic compound is carbon monoxide. • The time period of a pendulum on moon increases. • Clinical thermometer usually measures in Fahrenheit. • Tube light emits radiation even after it is disconnected. It is due to Fluorescence. • Shortsightedness can be corrected with the use of Concave. • Rectifier converts AC into DC • Atomic weight of chemical compounds is determined by Mass spectroscopy. • Atomic pile is a place where nuclear fission is made. • Drinker’s apparatus is for measuring the amount of Alcohol in the blood. • Dewar’s flask is called as thermos. • • The conversion of gases into liquid under high pressure and low temperature is called regulation. • If a green leaf is seen in a red light its color will be black. • Emerge of VIBGYOR from one side of the prism is due to refraction and dispersion of light. • Oxidation is the process in which electron is lost. • Half-time is a time of radioactive substance taken by that substance to decompose radioactivity to half of its weight. • Light energy is stored in the form of chemical energy due to the activity of Chloroplast. • Sunlight is composed of seven colours • Oil rises in a wick of oil lamp on account of a property of matter called Capillary Action • What is a Fata Morgana- Type of Mirage • • Freon-trademark for any of a number of chemical compounds containing fluorine, and often chlorine or bromine. Use: as solvents, as aerosol propellants, in refrigeration. It is commonly used in refrigerator.
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES PHYSICAL PROPERTIES • Theory of mutation was propounded by Hygo de Vries. • A theory of acquired character was given by Lamark.
• Charles Darwin is famous for his theory of struggle for existence and survival of the fittest. • Sigmund Freud is called as the father of modern psychiatry and psychology. • Energy stored in stretched spring is Elastic Potential energy • Energy stored in fossil fuels is chemical energy • Radio waves are Electromagnetic waves • A.C voltage is analogue quantity • Optical fibers work on polarization of electromagnetic waves • Condenser is used to collect the charge • In diesel engine ignition takes place by compression • A radar uses radio waves to detect enemy aircraft • Law of floating bodies was given by Archimedes • Particle with +ve charge but mass equal to electron is positron • Nucleus of an atom has +ve charge. • Bosons are Photons and Mesons • There is no neutron in the atom of hydrogen • Quark is an atomic particle. Scientists think that proton and neutrons are themselves made of still smaller particles called quarks • Muttons are particles of atom • John Dalton, an English scientist, gave Atomic Theory in 1803 describing atom as the smallest unit of an element • Gas in children’ s balloon is Helium • Weight of electron = 9.1 x 10 power -31 kg • Charge on electron = 1.6 x 10 power -19 coulomb • Weight of proton = 1.66 x 10 power -27 kg • Charge on proton = 1.6 x 10 power -19 coulomb • A proton is 1836 times heavier than an electron • Ordinarily and atom is a neutral particle • Ernest Rutherford, a New Zealander, in 1908 discovered Atomic Nucleus • Speed of sound is faster in hot air than in cold air • Ultrasonic are sound waves of high frequency = 12000 cycles/sec and higher • Sound travels faster in moist air than in dry air • Sound travels more rapidly in solids • Maximum limit of sound beyond which a man can become deaf is 129 decibel • Audible sound is 20-20,000 cycles/second • Inaudible sound >20,000 cycles/second • Velocity of sound at 0 deg: C is 331.7 m/s • Echo can only be produces when the distance of the obstacle is at least 17 meters • When we hear a sound, its impressions remain in our ear for 1/10th of a second • Image persists for about 1/10th of second in our eye • For creating a persistence of vision, pictures are projected at the rate of 10 or more/sec • Nuclear Energy is not a source of alternative energy. • Videotape used in camcorders to record audio and video signal employee fine grains of iron oxide. • Temperature inside a refrigerator is 40 deg: F • The laws of reflection were first discovered by a al- Hazen • 0.200 grams are equal to one carat.
• One million cycles per second is called Megahertz. • Carbon fiber is made by heating textile fibers. These are used in tennis rackets and racing yacht • Catalytic converter reduce the harmful fumes the engine emits • If you double the voltage you double the current (Ohm’s law) • What product uses the most silver-Camera Film • The speed of sound depends on the medium through which the waves are passing. The speed of sound in gases depends on what? Density • Two or more molecules of carbohydrates are linked together through glycosidic bond • peptide bond b\w amino acids, joined to form proteins, is the linkage b/w N and C • An android is any robot that: has the ability to make decisions and formulate plans • Semaphores were used between sailors for many years to communicate between ships • One of the first long distance communication system invented in 1790 was the semaphores towers • Telegraph was invented in 1821 • Telephone was invented in1876 • Us inventor Samuel More developed the system of dots and dashes of telegraph that was known as Morse Code • Scientist now think that protons and Neutrons are themselves made of still smaller particles called quarks. • Portable gadgets = Mobile phones and portable TVs. • Derailleur gears are used in Bicycles. • Motor – cross race is for motor cycles. • Cantilever brake used in Bicycle. • Speed of light 300,000 kilometers per second. • Engineers use electronic theodolite and range-finder to measure the distance and angle to calibrated staff. • Centigrade and Celsius temperatures are same below freezing point. • which instrument is used to measure pressure? Manometer • the velocity of light was first measured by Olaf Roemer • centigrade and fahrenheit scales gives same readings at 32 degrees • The first European scientist who refuted the belief that the earth was the centre of the universe was Copernicus. • Mobile phones transmit message using radio-type waves called microwaves • Super conductors are also strong diamagnetic this means they strongly repel magnets. • Super conductors are used in very fast computers and also in trains like Maglevs. • Electronic theodolite and range finder measures and distance and angle. • A fluorescent light is a glass tube containing gas which produces UV light when current passed trough it. Tube is coated with phosphor which glows when UV hits it. • Some of the chemicals from the recycle of old cells are used by liver to make bile which is stored in gall bladder. • Which is lighter, gold or plastic? Plastic • Lasers are a special source of light called coherent light this means all the light waves are in step with each other and travel in same direction • Laser produce light of one particular wavelength and it is s single, pure color. • The first hologram was make in 1962 • Laser = Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation
• Quartz-halogen bulbs are used in overhead projectors and spotlights • Helium is uses to fill airships and balloons • Helium is used to pressurize hydrogen fuel in rockets and the air in diver’s air tanks • Apart from radon, which is radioactive, the noble gases are used in lighting. • The noble gases have very low boiling points. • Liquid helium is the coldest substance. • A gas only becomes liquid at -268.9 deg: C • Combustion is a kind of oxidation reaction. • At room temperature the particles in air travel at around 1800 km/h the same speed as a bullet fires from a rifle. • Generators convert mechanical energy into electrical energy. • The principle behind the generator is electromagnetic induction. It was discovered by Michael Faraday. • Lovell telescope is at Jodrell Bank the site for space observatory • Nicolous Copernicus (1473-1543) was born in Poland and was the first to explain the solar system. • Derailleur gear are used in bicycles • Cantilever brake is also used in bicycles • Static electricity makes a balloon stick to the wall after you have rubbed it on your hair. • John Bardeen, Walter Brattain and William Shockley in 1947 used a semiconductor called germanium to make the world’s first transistor. • A diode conducts electricity easily in one direction but resists the flow of electricity in the other. • A capacitor stores electric charge. Capacitors are important components for making timers. • Capacitors are used in filtering circuits like treble and bass in hi-fi • Transistors can be used as logic gates • Energy value of food items is expressed in kilojoules (kj) or thousands of joules. • British scientist James Prescott Joule discovered the principle of conservation of energy. • Which one of the following statements regarding sound is true? Its source is always a vibrating material. • Weight of an object put in a satellite orbiting in space around the earth is reduced to zero • Movie camera take pictures at rate of 24 pictures per second • Density of water is 1 • Water expands as it freezes to ice. This makes ice less dense than water which causes ice to float. • Heat flows in three ways conduction, convection and radiation • A concave lens is used for the correction of the Hyperphobia • Silver metal has the highest electrical conductivity. • Mohr’s scale hardest substance is diamond - what's the softest: Talc
VARIOUS SCIENCES VARIOUS SCIENCES • Taxidermy means stuffing dead animals
• Stenography means short hand writing • Psoriasis is a learning disability • Paleontology is study of fossils. • Hematology is the study of blood. • Study of earth is geology • Acoustics is the science of sound • Cytology is the study of cell • Entomology is the study of insects. • Apiculture is science of bee keeping • Ornithology is the science of birds • Philology is the science of languages • Oncology is the study of cancer • Exobiology is the study of life in outer space • Numismatics is the study of coins • Eugenics is the study of altering humans by changing their genes or it refers to Improvement of human race • Ethology is the study of animal behavior • Anthropology is the study of origin and physical and cultural development of mankind • Carpology is the study of fruits and seeds. • Pathology deals with diseases • Histology deals with organic tissues • Pedology is the study of soil • Cryogenics deals with the production, control and application of low temperatures • Seismology is study of movements inside earth’s crust • Ailurophobe is fear of animals • Pyrophobia is fear of fire. • Ambidextrous is one who can write with both hands. • Astrophysics is a branch of astronomy which deals with the physical and chemical nature of heavenly bodies. • . A etiology is the study of causes of disease. • Concho logy is the study of shells. • Cryptology is the study of codes. • Dendrology is the study of trees. • Ergonomics is the study of relationships between people and their working environment. • Graphology is the study of handwriting. • Ichthyology in the study of fish. • Psychological study of life in artificial environment is called biopsy. • Forms and features are studies under the branch of Marphology. • Paleontology is the study of fossils. • Phycology is the study of Algae. • Mycology is the study of fungi. • The art of compiling dictionary is called Lexicography. • Anthropology is the study of man. • Cartography is the art of making maps and charts. • Philately is hobby of stamp collecting. • The branch of zoology, which deals with the study of insects is called entomology
• The production of generally identical reproduction is called as Cloning • A petrologist studies what- Rocks history formation etc • An onomastician studies what - Names • Thanatology is the study of what Death • The study of human population is called Demography. • What does an otologist study-The ear and its diseases • Noologists study what-The Mind • Semiology is the study of what-Signals • What is silviculture- Forestry • What is Xylography- Wood Engraving • Paleontology is the science of history of life. • Meteorology is the study of study of weather. • Cryptography is the study which deals with the secret writing. • Hydroponics means cultivation of the plants without use of soil. • Hyetology is the study of rainfall. • Mycology is the study of fungus and fungi diseases. • Numismatics is the study of coins. • Petrology is the study of rocks in the earth’s crust. • Amniocentesis is a method for determination of foetal sex. • What is Steganography: Invisible ink writing • Ichthyologists study what Fish • What does a psephologist study: Voting – Elections • What is studied in Aerology-Planet Mars • What does a philologist study- Languages • Orthoepy is the study of what-Word pronunciation • A philomath has a love of what- Learning • What is a nidologist interested in-Birds nests • What is philography- Autograph collecting • Agronomy is the science of soil management. • Penology is the study, theory and practice of prison management & criminal rehabilitation. • Chemical preservation of dead organisms in liquid is called Cryo-Bilogy. • Orthoepy is the study of what-Word pronunciation • What does a philologist study- Languages • Chlama domonas is unicellular plant
VITAMINS VITAMINS
Vitamin A (Fat-soluble) Deficiency Symptoms night blindness
loss of smell appetite loss Natural Sources Carrots, Fish liver oils, liver, green leafy vegetables .
Vitamin B1 (Thiamin) water-soluble Deficiency Symptoms beriberi shortness of breath numb hands/feet Natural Sources Whole grains, brewers yeast, wheat germ, rice, seeds and milk.
Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) water-soluble Deficiency Symptoms cataracts corner of mouth cracks and sores poor digestion Natural Sources Liver, cheese, fish, eggs, seeds, and cooked leafy vegetables.
Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) Deficiency Symptoms dental cavities anemia Natural Sources Rose hips, citrus fruits, black currants, tomatoes, sweet potatoes, and green bell peppers.
Vitamin D (Fat-soluble)
Deficiency Symptoms tooth decay diarrhea Natural Sources Fortified milk, egg yolks, butter, fish liver oils, sardines, salmon, mushrooms, and sunflower seeds.
Vitamin E (Fat-soluble) Deficiency Symptoms impotency enlarged prostrate gland Natural Sources Wheat germ, brussel sprouts, leafy greens, vegetable oils, and eggs.
Vitamin K (Menadione) (Fat-soluble) Deficiency Symptoms nose bleeds Natural Sources Kelp, alfalfa, yogurt, safflower oil, fish liver oil, and leafy green vegetables.
• Deficiency of vitamin A causes dryness of skin and night blindness • Skin food is Vitamin C • Vitamin C is also called Ascorbic Acid it prevents scurvy • Vitamin C is also necessary for utilization of iron • The food which contains largest amount of Vitamin C is tomato • Cod liver oil contains Vitamin D • Collagen is the substance that gives elasticity to skin • Vitamin E promotes oxygenation and acts as anti aging • Carbon dioxide we release comes from food we eat • Vitamin B2 has what other name Riboflavin • Fats are made of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen • Vitamin E is called anti-aging agent • Vitamin E helps in fertility process • Vitamin B helps maintain normal appetite and good digestion • Protein found in milk is Casein, in beans is Legumes, in meat is myosin and in eggs is albumin • Water soluble vitamin are B and C and all other are fat soluble
• Vitamin A is stored as Ester in liver • Vitamin A is found in carotene bearing plants • Vitamin K helps to form prothrobin (fibro gin) one of the enzymes helpful in blood clotting • Vitamin E is necessary for iron utilization; normal reproductive function. Vitamin E is for reproduction. • Vitamin A is found in Dairy products • Deficiency of Vitamin A causes Night blindness. • Too much presence of the Potassium salt in human blood increase the risk of heart attack. • The lack of calcium in the diet causes what condition-Rickets • Celluloses are carbohydrates. • Milk contains lactose. • Vitamin C is a preventor of infectious disease • Vitamin C is also called Skin food • Vitamin C can easily be lost in cooking and food storage • Vitamin D is essential for calcium metabolism. • Vitamin C hastens healing of wounds • Vitamin capable of formation of blood is B12 • Riches source of Vitamin D is code liver oil • Riches source of Vitamin A is eggs • Deficiency of Calcium leads to rickets • Vitamin B1 is available is yeast. • Scury, arising due to deficiency of vitamin C, it is related to Gastro-intestinal disorder. • Sodium is necessary of nervous system. • Vitamin D is essential for calcium metabolism. • Cheese contains vitamin D. • Vitamin C can not be stored in human body. • Scurvy, arising due to deficiency of vitamin C, it is related to Gastro-intestinal disorder. • Sodium is necessary of nervous system. • Ground nut has maximum protein • Digestion of fat in intestine is aided by Emulsification • Hair, finger nails, hoofs, etc are all make of protein • Deficiency of sodium and potassium causes muscular cramps, headache and diahrae • Milk contains 80% water • Milk is a complete food. • Cheese contains vitamin D. • Vitamin E is for reproduction. • Deficiency of Thiamine causes Beri Beri. • Glucose is the source of energy for human brain. • Major component of honey is Glucose • Three main food nutrients are carbohydrates, protein and fats. Other are vitamins and minerals • Meat is rich in iron we need to make blood cells • Eating of coconut increases man’s mental faculties • Food poisoning can result from the eating of too much toadstools. • Vitamin c is also known as Ascorbic Acid. • Celluloses are carbohydrates. • Milk contains lactose
• Ascorbic acid is essential for the formation of bones and teeth. • Citric acid is a good substitution for ascorbic acid in our nutrition. • A guava contains more vitamin C than an orange • Vitamin not stored in human body.....C
Basic information About Pakistan All basic information about Pakistan. Pakistani Facts and figure. Country Profile Static's of Pakistan. Official Name
Islamic Republic of Pakistan
Independence day
14 August , 1947
Founder
Quaid-eAzam Muhammad Ali Jinnah
Head of State
Mr.Mamnoon Hussain
Head of Government
Mian Muhammad Nawaz Sharif (Prime Minister )
Government
Parliamentary form
Location:
30 00 N, 70 00 E
Capital
Islamabad
Area
796096 Sq Km
Population
16582000
Emblem
Faith, Unity, Discipline
National Language
Urdu
Official Language
English
National Poet
Allama DR. Muhammad Iqbal
National Anthem
Qaumi Tarana
National Animal
Markhor
National Bird
Chukar
National Flower
Jasmine
National Tree
Cedrus deodara
National Sports
Hockey
Notional Dress
Shalwar Qameez
National Juice
Sugarcane Juice
Literacy rate
53%
Currency
Pak. Rupee.
Districts of Pakistan Districts of Punjab 1.
Attock
19. Lodhran
2.
Bahawalnagar
20. Mandi Bahauddin
3.
Bahawalpur
21. Mianwali
4.
Bhakkar
22. Multan
5.
Chakwal
23. Muzaffargarh
6
Chiniot
24. Narowal
7.
Dera Ghazi Khan
25. Nankana Sahib
8.
Faisalabad
26. Okara
9.
Gujranwala
27. Pakpattan
10.
Gujrat
28. Rahim Yar Khan
11.
Hafizabad
29. Rajanpur
12.
Jhang
30. Rawalpindi
13.
Jhelum
31. Sahiwal
14.
Kasur
32. Sargodha
15.
Khanewal
33. Sheikhupura
16.
Khushab
34. Sialkot
17.
Lahore
35. Toba Tek Singh
18.
Layyah
36. Vehari Districts of Sindh
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.
Badin Dadu Ghotki Hyderabad Jacobabad Jamshoro Karachi Kashmore Khairpur Larkana Matiari Mirpurkhas
13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23.
Naushahro Firoz Shaheed Benazirabad (Nawab Shah) Qamber and Shahdad Kot Sanghar Shikarpur Sukkur Tando Allahyar Tando Muhammad Khan Tharparkar Thatta Umer Kot
Districts of N.W.F.P 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.
Abbottabad Bannu Batagram Buner Charsadda Chitral Dera Ismail Khan Hangu Haripur Karak Kohat Kohistan
13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25.
Lakki Marwat Lower Dir Malakand Mansehra Mardan Nowshera Peshawar Shangla Swabi Swat Tank Upper Dir Torghar
Districts of Balochistan 1.
Awaran
2.
Barkhan
3.
Bolan
4.
Chagai
5.
Dera Bugti
6.
Gwadar
7.
Harnai
8.
Jafarabad
9.
Jhal Magsi
10. Kalat
11. Kech
12. Kharan
13. Khuzdar
14. Kohlu
15. Lasbela
16. Loralai
17. Mastung
18. Musakhel
19. Naseerabad
20. Nushki
21. Panjgur
22. Pishin
23. Qilla Abdullah
24. Qilla Saifullah
25. Quetta
26. Sheerani
27. Sibi
28 Washuk
29. Zhob
30. Ziarat
Districts of Gilgit - Baltistan 1. Ghanche
4. Diamer
2. Skardu
5. Ghizer
3. Astore
6. Gilgit
Districts or Agencies of FATA 1. Bajaur
5. North Waziristan
2. Khyber
6. Orakzai
3. Kurram
7. South Waziristan
4. Mohmand
Districts of Azad Jummu & Kashmir 1.
Bhimber
5.
Poonch
2.
Kotli
6.
Sudhnati
3.
Mirpur
7.
Muzaffarabad
4. Bagh 8. RIVERS OF PAKISTAN
Neelum
RIVERS OF PAKISTAN Astor River Chenab River Dasht River Dashtiari River Gambila River Ghaggar-Hakra River Ghizar River Gilgit River Gomal River Hub River Hungol River Hunza River Indus River Jhelum River Kabul River Swaan River Kundar River Kunhar River Kurram River Lyari River Malir River Panjkora Panjnad River Ravi River Shigar River Shimshal River Sutlej River Swat River Tochi River Zhob River ------------------------------------------------------------------------Astor River
The Astore River a tributary of the mighty Indus rises from a glacier of the great Himalayan range near the Burzil Pass in the Ladakh region of Jammu and Kashmir. It flows in a northwesterly direction and joins the Indus River at Bunji. Many small streams fall into the Astor River in its short course. Its catchment area is not covered by the vegetation but possess glacial moraines, cirques and steep slopes. This river drains the area lying to the east of Nanga Parbat. ------------------------------------------------------------------------Chenab River The Chenab River is formed by the confluence of the Chandra and Bhaga rivers at Tandi located in the upper Himalayas in the Lahul and Spiti District of Himachal Pradesh, India. In its upper reaches it is also known as the Chandrabhaga. It flows through the Jammu region of Jammu and Kashmir into the plains of the Punjab, forming the boundary between the Rechna and Jech interfluves (Doabs in Persian). It is joined by the Jhelum River at Trimmu and then by the Ravi River. It then merges with the Sutlej River near Uch Sharif to form the Panjnad or the 'Five Rivers', the fifth being the Beas River which joins the Satluj near Ferozepur, India. The Satluj then joins the Indus at Mithankot. The total length of the Chenab is approximately 960 kilometers. The waters of the Chenab are allocated to Pakistan under the terms of the Indus Waters Treaty. The river was known to Indians in the Vedic period as Ashkini or Iskmati and as Acesines to the Ancient Greeks. In 325 BC, Alexander the Great allegedly founded the town of Alexandria on the Indus (present day Uch Sharif or Mithankot or Chacharan) at the confluence of the Indus and the combined stream of Punjab rivers (currently known as the Panjnad River). The Chenab has the same place in the consciousness of the people of the Punjab as, say, the Rhine holds for the Germans or the Danube for the Austrians and the Hungarians. It is the iconic river around which Punjabi consciousness revolves, and plays a prominent part in the tale of Heer Ranjha, the Punjabi national
epic and the legend of Sohni Mahiwal. This river has been in the news of late due to the steps taken by the Indian government to build a number of hydropower dams along its length (in India) most notably the Baglihar Hydel power project (expected time of completion 2008). This is a result of the Indus Basin Project. These planned projects on Chenab have been hotly contested by Pakistan which says that India is breaking the terms and clauses of the Indus water treaty by storing and channelling the waters of this river, a claim totally rejected by the Indian government. ------------------------------------------------------------------------Dasht River Dasht River is located in Gwadar District, Balochistan, Pakistan. Mirani Dam is being built on Dasht River to provide drinking water to Gwadar city. ------------------------------------------------------------------------Dashtiari River Dashtiari River is located in Gwadar District, Balochistan, Pakistan. ------------------------------------------------------------------------Gambila River Gambila River, also called the Tochi River, is located in Bannu District, North-West Frontier Province, Pakistan. It's source are the hills six miles south of the Sufed Koh, the source of the Kurram River, which it runs parallel too and finally joins. The Gambila is an important river for the inhabitants of the Dawar valley, as it serves to irrigate a large area of land that it runs through. Particularly that belonging to the Bakkakhel Wazirs, Miri and Barakzai Bannuchis. -------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ghaggar-Hakra River The Ghaggar is an intermittent river in India, flowing during the monsoon rains. It originates in the Shivalik Hills of Himachal Pradesh and flows through Punjab and Haryana to Rajasthan; just southwest of Sirsa in Haryana and by the side of Tibi in Rajasthan, this seasonal river feeds two irrigation canals that extend into Rajasthan. The present-day Sarasvati River originates in a submontane region (Ambala district) and joins the Ghaggar near Shatrana in PEPSU. Near Sadulgarh (Hanumangarh) the Naiwal channel, a dried out channel of the Sutlej, joins the Ghaggar. Near Suratgarh the Ghaggar is then joined by the dried up Drishadvati (Chautang) river. The wide river bed of the Ghaggar river suggest that the river once flowed full of water, and that it formerly continued through the entire region, in the presently dry channel of the Hakra River, possibly emptying into the Rann of Kutch. It supposedly dried up due to the capture of its tributaries by the Indus and Yamuna rivers, and the loss of rainfall in much of its catchment area due to deforestation and overgrazing. This is supposed to have happened at the latest in 1900 BCE, but perhaps much earlier. In India there are also various small or middle-sized rivers called Sarasvati or Saraswati. One of them flows from the west end of the Aravalli Range into the east end of the Rann of Kutch. ------------------------------------------------------------------------Ghizar River The Ghizar River is an important tributary of the Gilgit River. It rises as a small snow-melt channel from the glaciers on the northern slopes of the great Himalayan range. Rising from the glaciers the Ghizar valley many small tributaries join the Ghizar River at various places along its course. It flows eastwards to join the Gilgit River flowing in from the north.
The entire catchment area of the Ghizar River is bleak and desolate. The slopes are devoid of a vegetative cover. ------------------------------------------------------------------------Gilgit River The Shigar River is a tributary of the Indus River that rises from the Hispar glacier at the base of the Haramosh and Kanjut Sar peaks in northern Ladakh. It flows towards southeast and joins the Indus at Skardu. A tributary rising from Baltoro glacier at the base of Masharbrum peak also falls into the Shigar River therefore, it contains waters of two of the most important glaciers of the Karakoram Range. No vegetation is seen on the catchment area because of its high altitude. ------------------------------------------------------------------------Gomal River Gomal River is a river in Afghanistan and Pakistan, with its headwaters in the south-east of Ghazni. The headwater springs of the Gomal's main leg come together close to the fort of Babakarkol in Katawaz, a district inhabited primarily by Kharoti and Suleiman Khel Pashtuns. The Gomal's chief tributary is the Zhob River. Within Pakistan, Gomal river surrounds South Waziristan agency, forms the boundary between the North-West Frontier Province and Balochistan. The river passes then through the Damaan plain in Kulachi Tehsil and later on through Dera Ismail Khan Tehsil and then finally falls in river Indus. ------------------------------------------------------------------------Hub River Hub River is located in Lasbela, Balochistan, Pakistan. It forms the provincial boundary between Sindh and Balochistan, west of Karachi. Hub Dam is a large water storage reservoir constructed
in 1981 on the Hub River in the arid plains north of Karachi. The reservoir supplies water for irrigation in the Lasbella district of Balochistan and drinking water for the city of Karachi. It is an important staging and wintering area for an appreciable number of water birds and contains a variety of fish species which increase in abundance during periods of high water. The Mahseer (Tor putitora), an indigenous riverine fish found in the Hub River, grows up to 2m in length and provides for excellent angling. ------------------------------------------------------------------------Hungol River Hungol River or Hingol River is located in Makran, Balochistan, Pakistan. The Hungol valley has fantastic scenery of towering cliffs, pinnacles and buttresses, the river winding between. Some 350 miles in length, the Hungol is Balochistan's longest river. Unlike most other streams in Balochistan which only flow during rare rains, the Hungol always has flowing water in it. The water is crystal–clear, reflecting the incredible blue of the sky. It makes for picture–postcard scenery. Hungol River and valley are located in Hungol National Park ------------------------------------------------------------------------Hunza River Hunza River is the principal river of Hunza, in the Northern Areas of Pakistan. It is formed by the confluence of the Kilik and Khunjerab nalas (gorges) which are fed by glaciers. It is joined by the Gilgit River and the Naltar River before it flows into the Indus River. The river cuts through the Karakoram Range, flowing from north to south. The Karakoram Highway crosses the Hunza River near Hunza and Nagar valleys. ------------------------------------------------------------------------Indus River
The Indus River is the longest and most important river in Pakistan and one of the most important rivers on the Indian subcontinent and has given the country India its name. Originating in the Tibetan plateau in the vicinity of Lake Mansarovar, the river runs a course through Ladakh district in Kashmir and Northern Areas, flowing through the North in a southerly direction along the entire length of country, to merge into the Arabian Sea near Pakistan's port city Karachi. The total length of the river is 3200 kilometers (2000 miles). The river has a total drainage area exceeding 1,165,000 square kilometers (450,000 square miles). The river's estimated annual flow stands at around 207 cubic kilometers. Beginning at the heights of the world with glaciers, the river feeds the ecosystem of temperate forests, plains and arid countryside. Together with the rivers Chenab, Ravi, Sutlej, Jhelum, Beas and the extinct Sarasvati River, the Indus forms the Sapta Sindhu ("Seven Rivers") delta in the Sindh province of Pakistan. It has 20 major tributaries. The Indus provides the key water resources for the economy of Pakistan - especially the breadbasket of Punjab province, which accounts for most of the nation's agricultural production, and Sindh. It also supports many heavy industries and provides the main supply of potable water in Pakistan. The ultimate source of the Indus is in Tibet; it begins at the confluence of the Sengge and Gar rivers that drain the Nganglong Kangri and Gangdise Shan mountain ranges. The Indus then flows northwest through Ladakh-Baltistan into Gilgit, just south of the Karakoram range. The Shyok, Shigar and Gilgit streams carry glacial waters into the main river. It gradually bends to the south, coming out of the hills between Peshawar and Rawalpindi. The Indus passes gigantic gorges 4500 - 5200 meters (15,000-17,000 feet) high near the Nanga Parbat massif. It swiftly flows across Hazara, and is dammed at the Tarbela Reservoir. The Kabul River joins it near Attock. The remainder of its route to the sea is in plains of the Punjab and Sind, and the river becomes slow-flowing and highly braided. It is joined by Panjnad River at Mithankot. Beyond this confluence, the river, at
one time, was named as Satnad River (sat = seven, nadi = river) as the river was now carrying the waters of Kabul River, Indus River and the five Punjab rivers. Passing by Jamshoro, it ends in a large delta to the east of Thatta. The Indus is one of the few rivers in the world that exhibit a tidal bore. The Indus system is largely fed by the snows and glaciers of the Karakoram, Hindu Kush and Himalayan ranges of Tibet, Kashmir and Northern Areas of Pakistan. The flow of the river is also determined by the seasons - it diminishes greatly in the winter, while flooding its banks in the monsoon months from July to September. There is also evidence of a steady shift in the course of the river since prehistoric times - it deviated westwards from flowing into the Rann of Kutch. ------------------------------------------------------------------------Jhelum River Jehlum River or Jhelum River is the largest and most western of the five rivers of Punjab, and passes through Jhelum District. It is a tributary of the Indus River. The river Jhelum was called Vitasta by the ancient Indians in the Vedic period and Hydaspes by the ancient Greeks. The Vitastā is mentioned as one of the major river by the holy scriptures of the Indo-Aryans—the Rigveda. It has been speculated that the Vitasta must have been one of the seven rivers (sapta-sindhu) mentioned so many times in the Rigveda. The name survives the Kashmiri name for this river as Vyath. The river was regarded as a god by the ancient Greeks, as were most mountains and streams; the poet Nonnus in the Dionysiaca (section 26, line 350) makes the Hydaspes a titan-descended god, the son of the sea-god Thaumas and the cloud-goddess Elektra. He was the brother of Iris the goddess of the rainbow, and halfbrother to the harpies, the snatching winds. Since the river is in a country foreign to the ancient Greeks, it is not clear whether they named the river after the god, or whether the god Hydaspes was named after the river.
Alexander the Great and his army crossed the Jhelum in 326 BC at the Battle of the Hydaspes River where he defeated the Indian king, Porus. According to Arrian (Anabasis, 29), he built a city "on the spot whence he started to cross the river Hydaspes", which he named Bukephala (or Bucephala) to honour his famous horse Bukephalis which was buried in Jalalpur Sharif. It is thought that ancient Bukephala was near the site of modern Jhelum City. According to a historian of Gujrat district, Mansoor Behzad Butt, Bukephala was buried in Jalalpur Sharif, but the people of Mandi Bahauddin, a district close to Jehlum, believed that their Tehsil Phalia was named after Bucephala, Alexander's dead horse. They say that the name Phalia was the distortion of the word Bucephala. The waters of the Jhelum are allocated to Pakistan under the terms of the Indus Waters Treaty. ------------------------------------------------------------------------Kabul River Kabul River or Kabal River is a river that rises in the Sanglakh Range of Afghanistan, separated from the watershed of the Helmand by the Unai Pass. It is the main river in the eastern part of Afghanistan. It flows 700 km before joining the Indus River near Attock . It passes through the cities of Kabul, Chaharbagh, Jalalabad, and (flowing into Pakistan some 30 km north of the Khyber Pass) Nowshera. The major tributaries of the Kabul River are the Logar, Panjshir, Kunar and Alingar rivers. The Kabul River itself is little more than a trickle for most of the year, but swells in summer due to melting snows. Its largest tributary is the Kunar, which starts out as the Mastuj River, flowing from the Chiantar glacier in Chitral, Pakistan and once it flows south into Afghanistan it is met by the Bashgal River flowing from Nurestan. The Kunar meets the Kabul near Jalalabad. In spite of the Kunar carrying more water than the Kabul, the river continues as the Kabul River after this confluence, mainly for the political and historical significance of the name. This river is attested in the Rig Veda, the earliest scripture of Hinduism, under the name Kubhā (many of the rivers of
Afghanistan are mentioned in the Rig Veda). The Sanskrit word later changed to Kābul. ------------------------------------------------------------------------Kundar River Kundar River is located in Balochistan, Pakistan. The melt water from the Sulaiman Mountains forms Kundar River and it flows through Balochistan and drains into Gomal River. The two principal drainage channels of the Zhob district are the Zhob River and the Kundar River, both flows into the Gomal River. The general direction of the rivers is from Southwest to northeast. The Zhob River rises at Tsari Mehtarazai pass, the watershed a distance of about 400 kilometers. The broad plain of the Zhob River is occupied by the alluvial formation. The Kundar River rises from the central and highest point of the TobaKakar range, a few kilometers northeast of the Sakir. It constitutes boundary between Pakistan and Afghanistan territory for a considerable length. The other subsidiary rivers or streams are the Baskan, Chukhan, Sri Toi, Sawar, Surab, etc. ------------------------------------------------------------------------Kunhar River Kunhar River is located in North-West Frontier Province, Pakistan. A main source of the river is Lulusar Lake, nearly 48km from Naran Valley. Glaciers of Malka Parbat and Makra Peak and the waters of Saiful Muluk Lake feed the river. The Kunhar flows through the entire Kaghan Valley through Jalkhand, Naran, Kaghan, Jared, Paras and Balakot, and joins the Jhelum River. The Kunhar river trout is considered to be the best throughout the sub-continent. ------------------------------------------------------------------------Kurram River The Kurrum River flows in the Kurrum Valley, stretching across
the Afghan-Pakistani border west to east (crosses from the Paktia Province of Afghanistan into the Kohat border region of Pakistan) at 33°49′N, 69°58′E, about 150 km west-to-southwest of the Khyber Pass. ------------------------------------------------------------------------Lyari River Lyari River is located in Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. Lyari River passes through the city of Karachi from north east to the center and drains into the Arabian Sea. Lyari River is one of the two rivers passing through Karachi and the other is Malir River. ------------------------------------------------------------------------Malir River Malir River is located in Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. Malir River passes through the city of Karachi from northeast to the centre and drains into the Arabian Sea. Malir River is one of the two rivers passing through Karachi and the other is River. It has two other little river help one is Thadho and other is Sukhan. In a rainy season this river flow with lot of water and millions of gallons of water waste in Arabian Sea. If the government becomes serious to this matter and construct a dam on this river, it will benefit the whole of Karachi a great deal. ------------------------------------------------------------------------Panjkora River The Panjkora River rises high in the Hindu Kush at latitude 35.45 and joins the Swat River near Chakdara, Malakand, NWFP, Pakistan. Its name is derived from the Persian for 'panj' (meaning 'five') and 'kora' (meaning 'river'). ------------------------------------------------------------------------Panjnad River Panjnad River (panj = five, nadi = river) is a river in Punjab, Pakistan. Panjnad River is formed by successive confluence of the five rivers of Punjab, namely Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Beas
and Sutlej. Jhelum and Ravi join Chenab, Beas joins Sutlej, and then Sutlej and Chenab join to form Panjnad near Uch Sharif. The combined stream runs southwest for approximately 45 miles and joins Indus River at Mithankot. The Indus continues into the Arabian Sea. A dam on Panjnad has been erected; it provides irrigation channels for Punjab and Sind provinces south of the Sutlej and east of the Indus rivers. Beyond the confluence of Indus and Panjnad rivers, the Indus river was known as Satnad (Sat = seven) carrying the waters of seven rivers including Indus river, which is believed to be in ealrlier times the Saraswati/Ghaggar/Hakra river which eventually dried and became a seasonal river due to seismic shifts in the glacial region of Himachal Pradesh where it originated and later on Kabul river and the five rivers of Punjab. ------------------------------------------------------------------------Ravi River The Ravi River is a river in India and Pakistan. It is one of the five rivers which give Punjab its name. The Ravi was known as Parushani or Iravati to Indians in Vedic times and Hydraotes to the Ancient Greeks. It originates in the Himalayas in the Chamba district of Himachal Pradesh following a north-westerly course. It turns to the south-west, near Dalhousie, and then cuts a gorge in the Dhaola Dhar range entering the Punjab plain near Madhopur. It then flows along the Indo-Pak border for some distance before entering Pakistan and joining the Chenab River. The total length of the river is about 720 km. The waters of the Ravi River are allocated to India under the Indus Waters Treaty between India and Pakistan and the resulting Indus Basin Project. It is also called 'The river of Lahore' since that great city is located on its eastern bank. On its western bank is located the famous tomb of Jahangir. ------------------------------------------------------------------------Shigar River Shigar River is located in Baltistan, Northern Areas, and Pakistan. The Shigar River is formed from the melt water of the
Baltoro Glacier and Biafo Glacier. The river is tributary to Indus River and meets the Indus in Skardu valley. ------------------------------------------------------------------------Shimshal River The Shimshal river a tributary of the Hunza River, rises from a glacier from the northern base of the Kanjut Sar massif in the area to the north of the Karakoram range. Small snow-fed tributaries join the river at various places. Two main streams of this river originate in different depressions of an offshoot of the Karakoram Range. They merge where the two valleys meet and flow as the main stream of the Shimshal towards west to join with the Hunza River upstream of Baltit. There is an increase in the discharge of this river in late summer when the glacier melts at a faster pace. Flash floods may occur in mid-afternoon during this season when the water level rises abruptly. The entire catchment area of the Shimshal River is devoid of a vegetative cover. Human habitation is restricted to the banks of the Hunza River. ------------------------------------------------------------------------Sutlej River Sutlej River is the longest of the five rivers that flow through the historic cross-road region known as the Punjab in northern India as well as Pakistan, and is located north of the Vindhya Range, south of the Hindu Kush segment of the Himalayas, and east of the Central Makran range in Pakistan. Its source is in Tibet near Mount Kailash, and its terminus in Pakistani Punjab near the port city of Karachi via the Indus. It is the easternmost tributary river of the Indus River, which overall, drains the ancient and historically important region of Greater Punjab. Located in the shadow of the Vindhya Range, the region to its south and east is arid and known in different
regions as the Great Indian Desert or Thar Desert, which more or less parallels both the river and the border between Pakistan and Rajistan. Flowing generally south-southwest from its headwaters, the Sutlej River joins first with the Beas River in the state of Punjab, India and continues south-westerly into Pakistan to mix with the Chenab River, forming the Panjnad River south of ancient Multan. From the confluence near Khanpur, the Panjnad joins the Indus River at Mithankot, where after the large river flows through a gorge near Sukkur and flows through a fertile plains region known as the Sind until it reaches the Arabian Sea. A heavy freight canal, known as the SLY (Sutlej-Yamuna Link), is being built eastwards through Punjab near an ancient caravan route and highlands pass from the Sutlej watershed to connect near the source of the largest tributary of the Ganges, the Yamuna river, and when complete will allow shipping from India's east coast to the west coast. ------------------------------------------------------------------------Swaan River The Swaan River is the most important stream of the Pothohar region of Pakistan. It drains much of the water of Pothohar. It starts near a small village Bun in the foothills of Patriata and Murree. It provides water to Simlbee Dam, which is reservoir of water for Islamabad. Near Pharwala Fort it cuts through a high mountain range and that is a wonderful phenomenon of nature. The place is called Swan Cut. No stream can cut such a high mountain. It proves the Swaan was there before the formation of this range. And when the mountain rose through millions of years, the stream continued its path by cutting the rising mountain. Ling stream, following a relatively long course though Lehtrar and Kahuta falls in the Swaan near Sihala. Islamabad Highway crosses this stream near Sihala where famous bridge Cock Pull is constructed over it. Another famous, Lai stream joins this stream near Swaan Camp. After walking a tortuous path and creating a big curve, the stream reaches Kalabagh where it falls into the Indus River. This relatively small stream is more than 250 kilometers long. Due to its mountainous
course and shallow bed, it is hardly used for irrigation purposes. For grinding wheat, you can find ancient types of flour mills near Chakian. Fishing is not possible in this stream as a profession. Rohu is the main species of fish in this stream. Kingfisher hunts here too. ------------------------------------------------------------------------Swat River Swat River flows from Hindu Kush Mountains through Kalam valley and merges into Kabul River in Peshawar valley Sarhad, Pakistan. Swat River irrigates vast area of Swat District and contributes to fishing industry of the region. Saidu Group's of teaching hospitals also located at the banks of Swat River. Malamjaba ski resort is about 10 miles away from the river. Ayub Bridge is one of the attractions for visitors. The scenery attracts many tourists from all over Pakistan during the summer. It is said that Alexander the Great crossed the Swat River with part of his army and before turning south to subdue the locals at what are now Barikoot and Odegram. Also, the banks of this river, which was earliest known as Shrivastu, later Suvastu and currently the present name, is the place of origin of the Shrivastava sub-clan of the Indo-Aryan Kayastha clan. Some 30 years ago, the water was fit for drinking even in Mingora (100 km downstream from Kalam), but now it is not safe even in Kalam. Swat River joins the Kabul river near Charsadda, Peshawar valley. There are two main hydro-electric power projects on canals from the swat river which generates electricity for local usage. ------------------------------------------------------------------------Tochi River Tochi river is located in North Waziristan, Federally
Administered Tribal Areas, Pakistan. Tochi river flows eastward, in North Waziristan, to join the Kurram River and the Indus. It surrounds Waziristan in the North while the Gomal River surrounds South Waziristan. It is also sometimes referred to as the Gambila River.
Zhob River Zhob River is located in Balochistan, Pakistan. The melt water from the Sulaiman Mountains forms Zhob Rivers and it flows through Balochistan and drains into Gomal River. Zhob city is located on banks of Zhob River. The two principal drainage channels of the Zhob district are the Zhob River and the Kundar River, both flow into the Gomal River. The general direction of the rivers is from Southwest to northeast. The Zhob River rises at Tsari Mehtarazai pass, the watershed a distance of about 400 kilometers. The broad plain of the Zhob River is occupied by the alluvial formation. The Kundar River rises from the central and highest point of the TobaKakar range, a few kilometers northeast of the Sakir. It constitutes boundary between Pakistan and Afghanistan territory for a considerable length. The other subsidiary rivers or streams are the Baskan, Chukhan, Sri Toi, Sawar, Surab, etc. Rivers
Region
Length in Miles (Kms)
Height of Snout Ft/M (Approx.)
Indus
2,896 km.
45 (72.4)
12,150 (3,703.3)
Jhelum
825 km. 38 (61.2)
10,500 (3,200.4)
Chenab
1,242 km.
27 (59.5)
10,366 (3,159.6)
Ravi
901 km.
Sutlej
1,551 km.
Beas (tributary of Sutlej)
398 km. 40 (64.4)
36 (57.9)
11,580 (3,529.6)
8,03
Current Pakistan Affairs
Fill in the Blanks 1.The last viceroy of united India was _______.(Lord Mount Batten) 2.______ is known as Bab-ul-Islam.(sindh) 3.The first O.I.C summit was held in ___________ in _______. (Rabat,Morocco)(1969) 4.The second O.I.C summit was held in ________ in _________.(Lahore,Pakistan)(1974) 5.The third O.I.C summit was held in _______ and ________ in________.(Makkah)(Taif,Saudia Arabia)(1981)
6.The fourth O.I.C summit was held in ________ in ______.(Casablanca,Morocco)(1984) 7.The fifth O.I.C summit was held in _______ in _______.(Kuwait)(1987) 8.The sixth O.I.C summit was held in ________ in ______.(Dakar,Senegal)(1991) 9.The seventh O.I.C summit was held in _______ in _______.(Casablanca)(1994) 10.The eight O.I.C summit was held in ___________ in _______.(Tehran,Iran)(1997) OIC 11.The highway linking China and Pakistan is called __________.(Shahrah-e-Karakoram) 12.Pakistan became the member of UNO on ____________and ___________ Opposed it.(30th December 1947)(Afghanistan) 13. _____________ are the two most important food crops of Pakistan.(Wheat and Rice) 14.The Objective Resolution was put forwarded by ___________ in________.(Liaquat Ali Khan)(1949)
15._________ and ________ are two famous Pushto poets.(Khushal Khan Khatak)(Rehman Baba) 16.The State Bank was inaugurated by _________ in __________.(Jinnah Mohammed Ali)(July 1948) 17.The first constitution of Pakistan came into force on __________ and cancelled in _______.(23rd March 1956)(1958) 18.The second constitution of Pakistan was promulgated on __________.(1st March 1962) 19.The third constitution of Pakistan was promulgated on _________.(14th August 1973)
20.Pakistan's second Governer General and 2nd Prime Minister was _______.(Khawaja Nazimuddin) 21.The Government of Pakistan imposed the system of in the year _____ and it is collected at ______.(1980)(1/3 %) 22.Quaid-e-Azam joined Muslim League in the year _____.(1913) 23.The Simla-Deputation1906 was headed by ___________.(Sir Agha Khan) 24.Pakistan's largest heavy engineering complex is situated at _______ ,Built with the help of ____.(Texila)(China)
25.The highest peak of Pakistan is _____.(K-2) 26.Sui gas was found in the year _____.(1952) 27.__________ was the chairman of boundary commission.(Sir Red Cliff) 28.The growth rate of Pakistan is _____.(3%)
29.The Lukhnow Pact 1916was signed between Muslim League and _______ in the year ____.(Congress)(1916) 30.The first President of All India Muslim League was _______.(Sir Agha Khan) 31.Quaid-e-Azam proposed his 14 points in the year _____.(1929) 32.The United Nations was founded in _________.(24th October 1945) 33.The first meeting of the Muslim League took place in the year ____ at _______.(1908)(Karachi) 34.The Cripps Mission visited India in______.(1942) 35.___________ Was the first PAKISTAN GOVERNOR GENERALS.(Quaid-e-Azam) 36.The Cabinet Mission came to India in the year ______ A.D and had ___ members.(1946)(three) 37.R.C.D (Regional Co-operation for development )was established in______.(1964) 38.Quaid-e-Azam Gave his 14 points in reply to ________.(Nehru Report) 39.Mount Batten announced his plan on _________.(3rd June 1947) 40.The first independent ruler of Muslim India was ________.(Qutub uddin Aibak) 41.Allama Iqbal gave his historical address in the year _____ A.D at _____ .(1930) (Allahbad) 42.Quaid-e-Azam appealed on _________ to observe day of Deliverance or Yaum-e-Nijat /Tashakkur.(22th december 1939) 43.___________ has 4 divisions.(Sindh) 44.__________ was the first President of Pakistan.(Iskander Mirza) 45.Participation of Bengal took place in the year ______A.d And cancelled in _____ A.D.(1905)(1911) 46.The two biggest hydraulic dams of Pakistan are _______ and _______.(Tarbela)(Mangla)
47.Pakistan was recognized as a republic in the year _____.(1956) 48._____________ Translated the Holly Quran in Persian.(Hazrat Shah Wali Ullah) 49.Moen jo Daro was built _______ years ago through a thought plan.(4000) 50.The Muslim League was founded in _______ at _____ due to the movement of _______ .(1906) (Dhaka) ( Nawab Saleem Ullah Khan) 51.All India Congress was founded by ____________ in the year _________ A.d.(Allan o.Hume)(1885) 52.The first Prime Minister of Pakistan was ___________.(Liaqat Ali Khan) 53.The First World War started in _______.(1914) 54.The second World War ended in ______. (1945) 55.Urdu is a Persian word it means ______.(Camp) 56.First Muslim General _____________ invaded Sindh.(Mohammad Bin Qasim) 57.The highest court of Pakistan is __________.(Supreme Court) 58.The Aligarh Movement was started by ________.(Sir Syed Ahmed Khan) 59.Quaid-e-Azam remained member of both Muslim League and Congress for __ years.(9) 60.Badshahi Mosque was built by __________ at Lahore.(Aurangzeb Alamgir) 61. Sindh was separated from Bombay presidency in the year _____A.D.(1936) 62.First Round Table Conference took place in London in _______ A.D.(1930) 63.Second Round Table Conference took place in London in ______ A.D.(1931) 64.General Zia Ul Haq took office in ____ A.D.(1977) 65.Quaid-e-Azam was born on ___________.(25th December 1876)
66.___________ and ____________ are the two building found in Pakistan that were built by Mughal Empire.(Badshahi Mosque)(Shahi Qila) 67.Pakistan's two important agricultural crops are _____ and _____.(Cotton)(Rice) 68.Allama Iqbal was born at _________.in ________.(Sialkot)(1877) 69.The last Mughal Emperor of India was _________.(Bahadur Shah Zafar) 70.Pakistan's largest steel mill is at ________ formed by the cooperation of ________.(pipri(Karachi)(Russia) 71.There are ___ natural regions of Pakistan.(4) 72.The Mosque built by ________ is at Thatta.(Shah Jahan) 73.The duration sixth five -years plan is ______.(1985-1990) 74.According to the 1972 census the literacy rate in Pakistan was _____ which grew to _____ in 1981.(21.7%)(26.2%) 75.The true name of Hazrat Mujaddid Alif Sane was _______.(Shaikh Ahmed) 76.In the 1945 Muslim League won ____ Muslims seats in the central Assembly.(30) 77.The British Parliament passed the Indian Independence law in _________ or made the Indian participation plan into a law.(July 1947) 78.The script of All Pakistani languages is similar and it is based on ______ (Quranic Script) 79.Sind Madarsa-ul-Islam was founded by ___________.(Hasan Ali Afandi) 80.Pakistan earns its biggest share of foreign exchange from _____.(Cotton) 81.In _______ ,________ helped Pakistan in making arrangements to hold the Islamic Summit Conference.(1974)(Shah Faisal) 82.The first General elections of Pakistan were held in the year______.(1971) 83.SAARC abbreviates for __________ .(South Asian Assocition for Regional Cooperation)
84.________ founded Muslim League's braneli at London in _____.(Syed Ameor Ali)(1908) 85.All Pakistani languages contain lots of words of ______ and _______.(Arabic)(Persian) 86.Immediately after Independence from the British India forcefully annexed _______.(Hyderabad) 87._______ and ________ occupied a large territory of Kashmir.(Dakkan)(Junagarh) 88.The _____ nuclear exploitation showed the true face of Indian agression.(1974) 89.Congress started "Leave India Movement" in the year ______.(1942) 90.In_____,________ defeated the Marhatas at the battle field of Pani Patt.(1761)(Ahmed Shah Abdali) 91.The first Mughal Emperor was _____.(Babar) 92.The Mughal Emperor Akbar introduced the _________.(Deen-e-Elahi) 93.Pakistani languages are greatly influenced from _______.(Arabic) 94._________ and _________ are two important Sindhi poets.(Shah Abdul Latif)(Sachal Sarmast) 95.Two palces famous for wooden crafts are ______ and ______ in Pakistan.(Hala)(Kashmor) 96.The Indus Basin Treaty was signed between Pakistan and India in the year ____.(1960) 97.Sindh Muslim League passed a resolution in _______.(1938) 98.Nizam-e-Mustafa movement was carried in the year ____.(1977) 99.The Hindu Society is divided in ___ casts.(4) 100.Pakistan's _____ population live in rural areas.(70%) 101.The first Muslim League Government was formed in Sindh in ______.(1943)
102.Masjid Mahabat Khan is situated at _________.(Peshawar) 103.Masjid Wazir Khan is situated at ________.(Lahore) 104.Simla Delegation met _______ in 1945.(Lord Wevell) 105.In year ____ the Simla delegation headed by Sir Agha Khan met ______.(1906) (Lord Minto) 106.Liaqat Ali Khan born in ______ and become the secretary general of Muslim in _____.(1895)(1936) 107.Waris Shah wrote _________.(Heer Ranjha) 108.The total area of Pakistan is _________ sq.km and total population according to 1981 census is _____________ million/crores.(796096)(83782000) 109.Pakistan exploded its first atomic bomb at _______ in the year ______.(Chaghi)(May 1998) 110.Moen-jo-Daro is the province of ______.( Sindh). 111.The period of first five year plan was _________.(1955-1960) 112.Pakistan joined the non -Aligned Movement in in the year ______.(1979) 113.The first conferences of NAM was held at ______ in _______ and the second at _______.(Belgrade)(1961)(Cairo) 114.The fort of Lahore (Shahi Qila) was built by ________.(Jehangir) 115.Sind was conquired by Mohammad bin Qasim in the year ______.(712) 116.The head of the state is called _______ and head of the Government is called _______.(President)(Prime Minister) 117.The Secretariate of O.I.C is at ________ (Saudi Arabia) and RCD at ________.(Jeddah)(Tehran) 118.RCD is called now ________ .(R.E.C (Regional Economic Council)
119.The desert land of Sindh is called _______ and that Bahawalpur is called ________.(Thar)(Cholistan) 120.The first Saint to came South Asia ______________ is most important of all.(Hazrat Ali Hajveri) 121.Hazrat Amman Marvandi is known as _________.(Lal Shahbaz Qalandar) 122.In ______ Cripps mission was presented.(1942) 123.In 1945-1946 elections Muslim League won ____ seats in central and _______ in provincial assembly.(all)(90%) 124.In ______ Lord Wavell proposed the formation of a temperary government consisting of the political parties of United India.(1945) 125.According to 3rd June 1947 plan plebiscite was held in __________ and ________.(N.W.F.P)(Silhoute) 126.In the North of Kabul river Khyber Pass is situated which is _____ km long.(53) 127.In the 1973 constitution ________ was recognized as state religion.(Islam) 128.In Pakistan ____ languages are spoken.(30) 129.__________ is the sufi poet of Pushto poetry.(Rehman Baba) 130._________ is considered as first poet of Pushto.(Ameer Karoro) 131.For a developing country like Pakistan ____________ is very important.(Nuclear Power) 132.U.N has _______ members.(159) 133.The five principles passed by the Non-Aligned countries are called _______.(Punj Shilla) 134.The members of R.C.D are _________,________, and ________.(Pakistan)(Iran)(Turkey) 135.In __________ separate elections principle was accepted.(1909) 136.Sir Syed founded scientific society in ________.(1862)
137.The Khilafat conference meeting held at Karachi in ______.(1921) 138.The fundamental principle of our foreign policy is ________________.(friendship with the nations of the world) 139.Sir Syed brought out the digest "Tehzib-ul-Akhlaq" in _______.(1870) 140.The first central office of Muslim League was established at ________.(Aligarh) 141.The word Pakistan was proposed by ______________ in a pamphlet named _______ .(Choudri Rehmat Ali)(No and Never) 142.The first constituent assembly of Pakistan was dissolved in the year ______ and _______ was its speaker.(1954)(Mir Maulvi Tamizuddin) 143.Under the constitution of 1973 the National Assembly consists of ______ Muslim members and the Senate consist of ____ members.(207)(87) FIRST IN PAKISTAN 1. First state to join Pakistan was BahawulPur, 1954. 2. Pakistan opened its first embassy in Iran. 3. Egypt was first to open its embassy in Pakistan. (chk) 4. First governor of State Bank Zahid Hussain. 5. Iran was first to recognize Pakistan. 6. First lady federal minister Vikarun Nisa Noor (Tourism). 7. First Lady governor Rana Liaquat Ali (Sindh) 1973-1976. 8. Pak: cricket team first visited England.(chk: India) 9. First captain of cricket team Abdul Hafeez Kardar. 10. First century Nazar Mohammd against India in 1954 in Lacknow.
11. First Woman University is located in Rawalpindi. 12. First governor of Punjab=Francis Moody. 13. First CM of Punjab=Iftikhar Hussain Mamdot. 14. First Governor of Sindh=Ghulam Hussain Hidayatullah. 15. First CM of Sindh=Ayub Khoro. 16. First Governor of Baluchistan=Lt: General Riaz Hussain. 17. First CM of Baluchistan=Attaullah Mengal. 18. First Chief Justice of Pak: Sir Abdur Rasheed. 19. First PM of Azad Kashmir=Abdul Hamid Khan. 20. First President of AJK=Sardar Ibrahim Khan. 21. First Commander-in-Chief of Pak: Army was Frank Miservi. 22. First chairman Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee was General Mohd: Sahrif. 23. First chief of Staff of armed forces was General Tikka Khan. 24. First governor State Bank was Zahid Hussain. 25. First daily newspaper is Amroz 1947. 26. First lady pilot was Shukriya Khanum. 27. First museum of Pak established in Karachi in 1950. 28. First Bank was United Bank (7th August, 1947) 29. First Agriculture Reforms in Pak: Jan: 24, 1959. 30. First Chief Election Commissioner of Pak: Mr. Khan F.M.Khan (25th March, 1956) 31. Election Commision was created on 23rd March, 1956 under Article 137 of 1956
consititution. 32. First Muslim Commander in Chief of Pak: Ayub Khan. 33. First Radio Station established was of Karachi. 34. First T.V station was setup at Lahore on Nov: 26, 1964. 35. First lady Lady Major General in Pak: Dr. Shahida Malik. 36. First Space satellite was launched by Pak: in 1990. 37. First private TV Channel STN launched in 1990. 38. First Chairman Senate was Habibullah Khan. 39. First woman judge of High Court: Majida Rizvi. 40. First constructed barrage of Pak: Sukkur Barrage. 41. First Secretary General of Pak: Ch: Mohd: Ali. 42. Agro museum is at Lailpur. 43. First bio-gas plant was installed in 1974. 44. First woman bank established on Dec: 1, 1989. 45. Badshahi mosque built in 1670 A.D. 46. Designataion of GG changed into President on 23rd March, 1956. 47. Largest Hockey stadium is National Hockey Stadium Lahore. 48. First minority minister of Pak: Joginder Nath Mandal held the portfolio of law. 49. First Atomic Reactor established in Islamabad in 1956. (chk). 50. Largest railway tunnel is Khojak. 51. Smallest dam of Pak: Warsak dam.
52. Largest fort of Pak: “Rani Kot”. 53. City Bank is the largest bank in the country.(chk: Habib Bank) 54. Nishan-e-Pak: is the highest civil award of Pak: 55. Second highest civil award is Hilal-e-Pak: 56. Ayub National Park (Rawalpinidi) is the largest Park in Pakistan. 57. Lahore Museum is the biggest in Pak: (chk) 58. Largest Railway station is Lahore. 59. Highest Pass is Muztag Pass which connects Gilgit to Xinkiyang. 60. Largest canal is Lloyd Barrage Canal or Sukkur Barrage or Lance Down Pull built in 1936. 61. Largest Cement Plant is Lucky Cement Plant near Luki Marwat. 62. Largest road is Shahrah-e-Pak: 63. Shortest river is Ravi. 64. Smallest division is Karachi. 65. Largest division is Kalat. 66. Largest division of Sindh is Therparkar. 67. Habib Bank Plaza Karachi has 23 stories (345 ft) 68. Minar-e-Pak: is 196 ft, 8 inches high. 69. Pakistan has its longest boundary with Afghanistan. 70. Pakistan is 34th largest country in the world, 6th population wise. 71. Smallest civil award is Tamg-e-Khidmat.
72. First census of Indo-Pak: 1881. 73. Highest dam is Mangla dam. 74. Pak: expedition to Antarctica reached on 5 Jan, 1991 established Jinnah Research Station 75. Longest tenure as Governor General was Ghulam Mohammad. 76. Longest tenure as President was Ayub Khan. 77. Longest period of rule was of Zia. 78. Longest tenure as PM was of Liaquat Ali 79. Shortest tenure as PM of Ayub Khan (3 days) then Shujaat Hussain (47 days). 80. Shortest tenure as President is of Bhutto. 81. Shortest tenure as Governor General is of Quaid. 82. Longest tenure as Governor General is of Ghulam Mohd: 83. Largest library is Quaid-e-Azam library. 84. Largest University is in Punjab. 85. Oldest university is in Punjab. 86. The only non-military shaheed to receive Nishan-e-Haider was Subaidar Lalik Jan he belonged to NLI. 87. Highest peak of Sulaiman mountains is Takht-e-Sulaiman. 88. Highest peak is K2 (Goodwin Austin 5,611 meters) 89. 2nd largest glacier of Pak: is Batura. 90. Largest Island of Pak: is Manora. 91. Smallest city is Jehlum.
92. Longest tunnel rail= Khojak (2.43 miles) (Baluchistan), road=Lowari Tunnel (5 miles), water=Warsak Dam Tunnel (3.5 miles). 93. Rainiest city is RawalPindi. 94. Rainiest place is Muree. 95. First Medical College was Nishtar Medical College. 96. Smallest Dam is Warsak dam. 97. Largest mountain range is Karakoram. 98. First to receive Nishan-e-Hyder was Mohd: Sarwar Shaheed. 99. First private airline of Pakistan is Hajvari. 100. Pak’s Second largest city is Lahore. 101. Abdur Rasheed was the first chief Justice was the first chief justice of Pakistan. 102. Zafarullah khan was the first foreign minister of Pakistan. 103. Keenjhar is the largest man made lake in Pakistan. 104. Manchar Lake is the biggest lake of Pakistan. 105. Trich Mir is the highest peak of Hindu Kush. 106. Largest coal mine is in Quetta. 107. In Pakistan, first woman bank was established in the year 1989. 108. Pakistan’s first geo-scientific laboratory is functioning in Islamabad. 109. The highest point of the Khyber Pass is Landhi Kotal. 110. The first atomic power station of Pakistan was installed in Karachi. 111. The First President of America who made an official visit to Pakistan was Dwight D. Eishenhower
112. Largest airline is PIA. 113. Largest airport is Quaid-e-Azam Internationl Airport, Karachi. 114. Largest canal is Lloyd Barrage Canal. 115. Largest dam is Terbela. 116. Largest desert is Thar. 117. Largest district is Khuzdar (Baluchistan). 118. Largest industial unit is Pak: Steel Mill. 119. Largest industry is Textile. 120. Largest island is Manora (Karachi) 121. Largest Jungle is Changa Manga (Kasur). 122. Largest lake (artificial) is Keenjhar. 123. Largest lake (natural) is Manchar. 124. Largest library is Pujab Public Library, Lahore. 125. Largest mine is Salt Mines of Khewra. 126. Largest motorway is Lahore-Islamabad. 127. Largest museum is National Meseum, Karachi. 128. Largest circulated urdu newspaper is Jang, Enghish is The News. 129. Largest nuclear reactor is KANUPP, Karachi. 130. Largest oil field is Dhurnal Oil Field. 131. Largest park is Ayub National Park, Rawalpindi.
132. Largest Radio Station is Islamabad. 133. Largest university is Punjab University, Lahore. 134. Longest coast is of Baluchistan (771 km) 135. Largest railway platform is of Rohri. 136. Longest railway track: Karachi to Landi Kotal. 137. Longest road: Karachi to Peshawar. 138. First TV station in Pakistan started at Lahore. 139. Pakistan’s first radio station was set up at Karachi PAKISTAN GOVERNOR GENERALS Serial Name No.
Duration
1
Mr. Mohammad Ali Jinnah (Quaid-e-Azam)
15-08-1947 to 11-09-1948
2
Khawaja Nazimuddin
14-09-1948 to 16-10-1951
3
Malik Ghulam Mohammad
19-10-1951 to 05-10-1955
4
Maj. General Isakandar Mirza
06-10-1955 to 22-03-1956
PAKISTAN Presidents Complete List of Pakistani Ex Presidents. Name and tenure of all Pakistani Presidents from 1956 to today . Sikandar Mirza was the first Presedent of Pakistan . Current President Syed Mamnoon Hussain is the 16th President of Pakistan. Serial Name No.
Duration
1
23-03-1956 to 27-10-1958
Maj. General Iskandar Mirza
2
Field Marshal General Mohammed Ayub Khan
27-10-1958 to 25-03-1969
3
General Mohammed Yahya Khan
25-03-1969 to 20-12-1971
4
Mr. Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto
20-12-1971 to 14-08-1973
5
Mr. Fazal Elahi Chaudhry
14-08-1973 to 16-09-1978
6
General Mohammed Zia-ul-Haq
16-09-1978 to 17-08-1988
7
Mr. Ghulam Ishaq Khan
17-08-1988 to 08-07-1993
8
Mr. Wasim Sajjad (Acting)
18-07-1993 to 14-11-1993
9
Sardar Farooq Ahmed Leghari
14-11-1993 to 02-12-1997
10
Mr. Wasim Sajjad(Acting)
02-12-1997 to 01-01-1998
11
Justice (Retd) Mohammed Rafiq Tarar
01-01-1998 to 20-06-2001
12
General Parvez Musharraf
20-06-2001 to 18-08-2008
13
Muhammah Mian Somro (Acting)
18-08-2008 to 09-09-2008
14
Asif Ali Zardari
9 September 2008 To 8 September 2013
15
Syed Mamnoon Hussain
9 September 2013 to Present
PAKISTAN Prime Ministers Serial Name No. 01- Nawabzada Liaqat Ali Khan
From
To
14 August 1947
16 October
1951 02- Khawja Nazimuddin
17 October 1951
17 April 1953
03- Muhammad Ali Bogra
17 April 1953
11 August 1955
04- Chuhdary Muhammad Ali
12 August 1955
12 September 1956
05- Hussian Shaheed Suharwardi
12 September 1956
16 October 1957
06- Ibrahim Ismail Chundrigar
17 October 1957
16 December 1957
07- Malik Feroz Khan Noon
16 December 1957
7 October 1958
08- Muhammad Ayub Khan
8 October 1958
27 October 1958
09- Noor ul Amin ( Nominated)
7 December 1971
20 December 1971
10- Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto
14 August 1973
5 July 1977
11- Muhammad Khan Junejo
23 March 1985
29 May 1988
12- Benazir Bhutto
2 December 1988
6 August 1990
13- Ghulam Mustafa Jatoi(Caretaker)
6 August 1990
6 November 1990
14- Mian Muhamamd Nawaz Sharif
6 November 1990
18 April 1993
15- Mir Balakh Sher Mazari(Caretaker)
18 April 1993
26 May 1993
14- Mian Muhamamd Nawaz Sharif
26 May 1993
18 July 1993
16- Moin Ahmad Qureeshi(Caretaker)
18 July 1993
19 October 1993
17- Benazir Bhutto
19 October 1993
5 November 1996
18- Malik Meraj Khalid(Caretaker)
5 November 1996
17 February 1997
19- Muhamamd Nawaz Sharif
17 February 1997
12 October 1999
20- Zafarullah Khan Jamali
21 November 2002
26 June 2004
21- Chaudhry Shujaat Hussain
30 June 2004
20 August 2004
22- Shaukat Aziz
29 August 2004
16 November 2007
23- Muhammad Mian Soomro(Caretaker)
16 November 2007
25 March
2008 24- Syed Yousaf Raza Gillani
25 March 2008
26 April 2012
25- Raja Pervaiz Ashraf
22 June 2012
25 March 2013
26- Mir Hazar Khan Khoso (Caretaker)
25 March 2013
5 June 2013
27- Nawaz Sharif
5 June 2013
Present
Attorney General of Pakistan The Attorney General for Pakistan is appointed under Article 100 of the constitution of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan and the Deputy Attorney General of Pakistan appointed under the Central Law Officers Ordinance, 1970. The Attorney General is the chief legal advisor of the government and serves at the pleasure of the President of Pakistan or till his/her resignation. Controversially in Pakistan the Attorney General had the right to private practice. The reasons for this was that in Pakistan an Advocate is institutionally independent, and is not in the ordinary course permitted to be employed. It is customary however that despite this permission to do so, AG's do not appear on behalf of other clients, with the exception of briefs accepted before assumption of office which are at a stage of litigation where it would be impossible to instruct another Advocate. Sharifuddin Pirzada a former three time Attorney General and Malik Qayyum were conspicuous for their use of this right and accepting private briefs even after assuming office which was viewed by many[citation needed] as unethical and a conflict of interest. It is pertinent to note that the last three Attorneys General before Mr. Malik Mohammad Qayyum did not make use of their right of private practice. The 18th amendment ( passed in April 2010) to the Constitution of Pakistan abolished the Attorney General's right to private practice. In January 2014, Attorney General Munir A. Malik, Senior Advocate Supreme Court, tendered his resignation from office citing personal reasons. He was succeeded by Salman Aslam Butt an advocate of Supreme Court. Name of Attorney
Entered Office
Left Office
General Faiyaz Ali
Appointed by Muhammad Ali Jinnah 1947
1956
Syed Sharifuddin Pirzada
May 1968
December 1971
Yahya Bakhtiar
December 1971
July 1977
Syed Sharifuddin Pirzada
July 1977
December 1984
Aziz A Munshi
1985
October 1986
Ali Ahmed Fazeel
October 1986
May 1988
Aziz A Munshi
May 1988
December 1988
Yahya Bakhtiar
December 1988
August 1990
Aziz A Munshi
1990
1993
Qazi Mohammad Jameel
1994
1996
Chaudhry Muhammad 1997 Farooq
October 1999
Aziz A Munshi
November 1999
September 2001
Barrister Makhdoom Ali Khan
September 2001
August 2007
Justice (r) Malik Mohammad Qayyum
August 2007
August 2008
Latif Khosa
August 2008
October 2009
Anwar Mansoor Khan December 2009
April 2010
Justice (r) Maulvi Anwar ul Haq
April 2010
April 2012
Irfan Qadir
April 2012
June 2013
Munir A. Malik
June 2013
January 2014
Salman Aslam Butt
January 2014
Present
State Bank Governors of Pakistan Mr. Ashraf Mahmood Wathra has been appointed as Acting Governor, SBP with effect from close of business, January 31, 2014.
Mr. Wathra assumed charge of the office of Deputy Governor (DG), State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) on March 11, 2013. The Federal Government had notified Mr. Wathra's appointment as DG, SBP on March 5, 2013 for a period of three years from the date he assumed office. Mr. Wathra brings 35 years of commercial & investment banking experience to his new assignment. Prior to joining SBP, he was serving the National Bank of Pakistan (NBP) as its Senior Executive Vice President & Group Chief, Credit Management Group, since October, 2012.
Before joining NBP, Mr. Wathra served Habib Bank Limited from April 1999 to September 2012 in various responsible capacities such as Regional General Manager (Bangladesh), Executive Vice President & Regional General Manager (Singapore), Executive Vice President, Group Executive and Risk Manager & Senior Credit Officer, Asset Remedial Management Group. He was attached with Faysal Bank Limited from May 1992 to March 1999 in senior positions such as Executive Vice President & Country Risk Manager, Executive Vice President & Regional Manager and Senior Vice President & Chief Manager. From 1978 to 1992, he had been associated with BRR Capital Modaraba, Emirates Bank International, American Express Bank Ltd. and ANZ Grindlays Bank. He also served as Director at Habib Finance International, Hong Kong and Habib Finance, Australia. Holding Masters Degree in Business Administration, Mr. Wathra has attended a number of seminars, conferences and courses at home and abroad including Wharton/SMU General Management Program, Operational Risk Management and Asian Bonds Summit etc. Mr. Wathra holds extensive experience in restructuring and reorganization of business units. He has extensive knowledge of investment banking and commercial banking operations, trade finance products and underlying delivery systems. Well conversant with Islamic modes of finance, he has extensive marketing experience of a cross section of corporate, government and aid agencies including syndication of large facilities for corporate and public sector. He also has experience in line management, audit & risk review, credit & risk management.
Sr Name No.
From
To
1
(Late) MR. ZAHID HUSSAIN
10-06-1948
19-07-1953
2
(Late) MR. ABDUL QADIR
20-07-1953
19-07-1960
Image
3
(Late) MR. S.A. HASNIE
20-07-1960
19-07-1967
4
(Late) MR. MAHBUBUR RASHID
20-07-1967
01-07-1971
5
(Late) MR. S.U. DURRANI 01-07-1971
22-12-1971
6
(Late) MR. GHULAM ISHAQ KHAN
22-12-1971
30-11-1975
7
(Late) MR. S. OSMAN ALI 01-12-1975
01-07-1978
8
MR. A.G.N. KAZI
15-07-1978
09-07-1986
09
(Late) MR. V.A. JAFAREY 10-07-1986
16-08-1988
10
MR. I.A. HANFI
FIRST TERM (17-08-1988 SECOND To 02-09-1989) TERM (0109-1990 To 30-06-1993)
11
MR. KASSIM PAREKH
05-09-1989
30-08-1990
12
DR. MUHAMMAD YAQUB
25-07-1993
05-11-1999
13
DR. ISHRAT HUSAIN
02-12-1999
01-12-2005
14
DR. SHAMSHAD AKHTAR
02-01-2006
01-01-2009
15
SYED SALIM RAZA
02-01-2009
02-06-2010
16
MR. SHAHID HAFIZ KARDAR
09-09-2010
18-07-2011
17
MR. YASEEN ANWAR
20-10-2011
31-01-2014
18
Mr. Ashraf Mahmood Wathra (Acting)
January 31, 2014
Present
Army Chiefs of Pakistan General Raheel Sharif, Hilal-i-Imtiaz (Military) hails from a martial stock. He was born in Quetta on 16 June 1956 to Major and Mrs Muhammad Sharif. He is younger brother of Major Shabir Sharif, NH, SJ and Capt Mumtaz Sharif, Sbt. He is an alumnus of Govt College Lahore, and Pakistan Military Academy from where he passed out with 54th PMA Long Course. He was commissioned in Oct 1976 in the battle hardened and renowned 6th Battalion The Frontier Force Regiment in which his elder brother had embraced Shahadat.
As a Young Officer, he performed his duties in Gilgit in an Infantry Brigade and also served as Adjutant of Pakistan Military Academy. He did Company Commanders Course from Germany and subsequently served in the prestigious School of Infantry and Tactics as an instructor. He attended the Command and Staff College Canada, graduating with distinction. The officer carries with him a vast experience of Command, Staff and Instructional appointments. He served as the Brigade Major of an Infantry Brigade and has commanded two infantry units i.e 6 Frontier Force Regiment at Kashmir along LOC and 26 Frontier Force Regiment along the Sialkot Border. He remained on the faculty of the Command and Staff College, Quetta and attended Armed Forces War Course at National Defence University,
Islamabad in 1998. As a Brigadier, he has commanded two Infantry Brigades, including an Independent Infantry Brigade Group. The General has had the honor of being the Chief of Staff of two Corps, i.e 30 Corps and 12 Corps. He is also a graduate of the prestigious Royal College of Defence Studies, United Kingdom. He has been the General Officer Commanding of an Infantry Division and the Commandant of prestigious Pakistan Military Academy. As a Lieutenant General he served as Corps Commander 30 Corps for two years before taking over as Inspector General Training and Evaluation in which capacity he oversaw the training of Pakistan Army. His stewardship resulted in fructification of Pakistan Army�s operational thought and doctrinal response to the much vaunted Cold Start doctrine of Indian Army. The general is married and has two sons and a daughter. He is an avid reader and enjoys hunting and swimming. On Nov 27,2013, the government approved Sharif's appointment for the slot of Chief of Army Staff, a position that he will be taking over from Ashfaq Parvez Kayani who will be stepping down on Nov 29, 2013 after serving as military chief for six years.
Sr Picture No.
Name
From
To
01-
General Sir Frank Messervy
August 15, 1947
February 10, 1948
02-
General Sir Douglas Gracey
February 11, 1948
January 16, 1951
03-
Field Marshal Muhammad Ayub Khan
January 16, 1951
October 26, 1958
04-
General Muhammad Musa Khan
October 27, 1958
June 17, 1966
05-
General Agha Muhammad Yahya Khan
June 18, 1966
December 20, 1971
06-
Lieutenant General Gul Hassan Khan
December March 3, 20, 1971 1972
07-
General Tikka Khan
March 3, 1972
March 1, 1976
08-
General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq
March 1, 1976
August 17, 1988
09-
General Mirza Aslam Beg
August 17, 1988
August 16, 1991
10-
General Asif Nawaz Janjua
August 16, 1991
January 8, 1993
11-
General Abdul Waheed Kakar
January 11, 1993
January 12, 1996
12-
General Jehangir Karamat
January 12, 1996
October 6, 1998
13-
General Pervez Musharraf
October 6, November 1998 28, 2007
14-
General Ashfaq Parvez Kayani
November 29 29, 2007 November 2013
15-
General Raheel Sharif
29 Present November 2013
Federal Cabinet OF PAKISTAN Federal Ministers
Name
Department
Ishaq Dar
Finance , Revenue , Economics Affairs and Statistic , Privatization
Chaudhary Nisar Ali Khan
Interior , Narcotics Control
Khawja Muhammad Asif
Water and Power , Defence
Zahid Hamid
Science and Technology
Shahid Khaqan Abbasi
Petroleum & Natural Resources
Sikandar Hayyat Bosan
National Food Security and Research
Ch. Muhammad Barjees Tahir
Kashmir Affairs and Gilgit-Baltistan
Sardar Muahmmad Yousuf
Religious Affairs and Inter-faith Harmony
Khawja Saad Rafiq
Railways
Lt Gen (R) Abdul Qadir Baloch
States and Frontier Regions
Pir Sadaruddin Shah Rashdi
Overseas Pakistanis ,Human Resources Development
Kamran Micheal
Ports and Shipping
Pervez Rashid
Information and Broadcasting ,National Heritage , Law, Justice and Human Rights
Rana Tanveer Hussain
Defence Production
Ghulam Murtaza Jatoi
Industries & Production
Ahsan Iqbal
Planning and Development
Mian Riaz Hussain Pirzada
Inter-Provincial Coordination
Muhammad Akram Khan Durrani Abbas Khan Afridi Khurram Dastagir Khan
Commerce Political Affairs National Regulations and Services Science and Information Technology Defence Postal Services Privatization Capital Administration and Development Climate Change Benazir Income Support Programme Housing and Works Professional and Technical Training Minorities , National Harmony Parliamentary Affairs
Minister of State
Name
Department
Mian Balighur Rehman
Education ,Trainings and Standards in Higher Education
Usman Ibrahim
Housing and Works
Maulana Abdul Ghafoor Haideri Jam Kamal Khan
Petroleum & Natural Resources
Sheikh Aftab Ahmad
Parliamentary Affairs
Abdul Hakeem Baloch
Railways
Saira Afzal Tarar
Health Science Regulation and Coordination
Anoshe Rehman Ahmad
Information Technology and Telecom
Pir Aminul Hasnat Shah
Religious Affairs & Inter-faith Harmony
Chaudhary Abid Sher Ali
Water and Power
Advisors To Prime Minister Name
Department
Sartaj Aziz
National Security and Foreign Affairs
Engineer Ameer Muqam Ameer Bux Bhutto
Special Assistant To Prime Minister Name
Department
Tariq Fatmi
Foreign Affairsv
Doctor Musadik Malik
Water & Power
Miftah Ismail Khawaja Zaheer Ahmad Imtiaz Ahmad Shaikh Irfan Siddiqui
National Affairs
Capton (R) Shujaat Azim
Aviation
Army,PAF and Navy Officer Ranks
