Madras Agric. J., 98 (10-12): 393-408, December 2011

First Report of Four Species of Fairyflies from India, Key to Indian Species of Four Genera and Additional Distributional Records of Mymaridae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) S. Manickavasagam1*, A. Rameshkumar1 and K. Rajmohana2 1 Parasitoid Taxonomy and Biocontrol Laboratory, Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Annamalai University, Chidambaram - 608 002. T.N. India. 2 Zoological Survey of India, Western Ghats Regional Station, Calicut - 673 006, Kerala

Four fairyfly species viz., Camptoptera muiri (Perkins), Erythmelus (Erythmelus) lygivorus Viggiani et Jesu, Erythmelus (Erythmelus) nuinu Triapitsyn and Omyomymar silvanum (Ogloblin) are first reported from India. Keys to four Indian fairyfly species of genera Camptoptera Foerster, Erythmelus Enock, Mymar Curtis and Palaeoneura Waterhouse are proposed and new distributional records of 27 genera / species of mymarids from five South Indian states of India are reported. Key words: Camptoptera, Erythmelus, Omyomymar, Palaeoneura, first report, Indian species key, distributional records.

Studies on Indian fauna of Mymaridae are very limited but for the work carried out by experts from Aligarh Muslim University and Agra, in Northern India (Verma, 1980; Subba Rao and Hayat, 1983; Hayat, 1992; Zeya and Hayat, 1995; Hayat and Anis, 1999a, b, and c; Hayat and Singh, 2001; Hayat et al., 2003; Hayat et al., 2008; Rehmat et al., 2009 and Zeya, 2011). No intensive work on mymarid taxonomy was carried out from South India except by Manickavasagam and Rameshkumar (2011), Rameshkumar et al. (2011 a, b and c). Also, no key to Indian species is available except for Acmopolynema Ogloblin, Gonatocerus Nees, Himopolynema Taguchi and Polynema Haliday by Hayat and Anis (1999b), Zeya and Hayat (1995), Hayat et al. (2003) and Hayat and Anis (1999c) respectively. Subba Rao (1989) provided a key to Indo-Sri Lankan species of Camptoptera Foerster and also a key to species of Parallelaptera Enock (now a subgenus of Erythmelus Enock) including two Indian species along with African, European and North American species. Here, we propose keys to Indian species of the genera Camptoptera, Erythmelus, Mymar and Palaeoneura.

standard procedure (Noyes, 1982). Identification of genera was mainly carried out using keys of Lin et al. (2007), Subba Rao and Hayat (1983) and species by Subba Rao (1989) and Perkins (1912) for Camptoptera; Triapitsyn (2003), Donev (2004) and Triapitsyn et al. (2007) for Erythmelus; Triapitsyn and Berezovskiy (2001) for Mymar and Huber (2003) for Palaeoneura. Vouchered parasitoids were deposited with EDAU, Parasitoid Taxonomy and Biocontrol Laboratory, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India. All images were captured using Leica DM750 phase contrast microscope with montage software (whole insects alone using Leica S8APO stereo zoom).

Materials and Methods

From the survey, species representing 21 genera (Acmopolynema Ogloblin, Alaptus Westwood, Anagrus Haliday, Anaphes Haliday, Arescon Walker, Camptoptera Foerster, Dicopomorpha Ogloblin, Dicopus Enock, Eofoersteria Mathot, Erythmelus Enock, Eubroncus Yoshimoto, Kozlov and Trjapitzin, Gonatocerus Nees, Himopolynema Taguchi, Mymar Curtis, Narayanella Subba Rao, Omyomymar Schauff, Palaeoneura Waterhouse, Polynema

Surveys were conducted in the five states viz, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Pudhucherry of South India in search of mymarid parasitoids using Malaise trap, yellow pan trap, net sweep and host rearing in different ecosystems as described by Noyes (1982). Recovered parasitoids were card or slide mounted and labeled as per *1Corresponding author email: [email protected]

The following abbreviations are used: ANGRAU – Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University; CPCRI – Central Plantation Crops Research Institute; EDAU - Entomology Department, Annamalai University; IWST – Institute of Wood Science and Technology; PAJANCOA – Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru College of Agriculture; UAS – University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru. Results and Discussion

394 Haliday, Ptilomymar Annecke & Doutt, Stephanodes Enock and Stethynium Enock) were recovered from the five states. From the genera and species recorded from the survey, four species are first reported from India, keys to Indian species of the genera Camptoptera, Erythmelus, Mymar and Palaeoneura are proposed for the first time and 27 genera / species are reported as new distributional records for the above five states as mentioned below: I. New distributional records for India From the survey, Camptoptera muiri (Perkins), Erythmelus (Erythmelus) lygivorus Viggiani et Jesu, Erythmelus (Erythmelus) nuinu Triapitsyn and Omyomymar silvanum (Ogloblin) are first reported from India as given below: 1. Camptoptera muiri (Perkins) (Fig 17-21) Specimens examined. INDIA, Tamil Nadu, Cuddalore, Chidambaram, Annamalai University, 2 females, through Malaise trap from Mangifera indica L. orchard, 17.vi.2011 (S. Manickavasagam & A. Rameshkumar); Tamil Nadu, Cuddalore, Chidam baram, Pudaiyur, 3 females, 1 male, through Malaise trap from sugarcane field, 12.vi.2011 (K. Mahalakshmi);Tamil Nadu, Vellore, Kammavan pettai, 3 females, 1 male, through Malaise trap from weedy field, 16.vi.2011 (S. Palanivel).

Distribution. Russia, China and South Korea (Triapitsyn, 2003), India (New record). 4. Omyomymar silvanum (Ogloblin) (Fig 46-50) Specimens examined. INDIA, Tamil Nadu, Cuddalore, Chidambaram, Annamalai University, 1 female, through Malaise trap from Mangifera indica L. orchard, 30.vi.2011 (S. Manickavasagam & A. Rameshkumar); Tamil Nadu, Cuddalore, Jeyamkondapattinam, 1 female, through Malaise trap from weedy field, 14.vi.2011 (C. Menakadevi). Distribution. Venezuela, Maryland, Canada (Schauff, 1983), India (New record). Comments. It runs to O. silvanum in majority of the characters through the keys of Schauff (1983) and Lin and Chiappini (1996) except that F1 only 4.6× as long as wide instead of at least 6×, and also there is a faint excision on the dorsum of F5 and F6. Manickavasagam & Rameshkumar (2011) first reported this genus from India but species identity is confirmed only here. II. Indian species key i) Genus Camptoptera Foerster (Fig 1-21) Only seven species of Camptoptera were recorded so far from India including C. muiri reported here [out of the 77 species known globally (Noyes, 2011)] and a key to separate them is provided below:

Distribution. Java (Perkins, 1912), India (New record). Comments: This species is one of the two exceptions [the other species is C. fenestratum (Girault)] where funicle segment 2 (F2) is normal (in all other Camptoptera species F2 is ring like)

Key to Indian species of Camptoptera Foerster [Modified from Subba Rao (1989)] 1

Second funicle segment similar length to each of the remaining funicular segments instead of ring-like (Fig 17 & 19); scape and pedicel more or less yellow or at least paler than the funicle (Fig. 19) ……….…..………………..... C. muiri (Perkins)

-

Second funicle segment ring-like, not as above ………….…..…………………………. 2

2(1)

Occipital area with transverse reticulations [wings as a whole matchet shaped] (Fig. 16) ………………...…… C. matcheta Subba Rao

-

Occipital area with transverse striations (Fig 2 & 8) …………..………………….…… 3

3(2)

Petiole laterally ridged, without lamella; pedicel as long as the first funicle segment…….….……… C. ambrae Viggiani

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Petiole not ridged, with or without lamellae (Fig 5 & 11) …….….……………………. 4

4(3)

Pedicel shorter than first funicle segment (Fig 1 & 3)……………….………………….. 5

-

Pedicel slightly to distinctly longer than first funicle segment (Fig 9 & 13)……...……. 6

5(4)

Petiole without apparent sculpture and distinctly shorter than hind coxa; first funicle

2. Erythmelus (Erythmelus) lygivorus Viggiani et Jesu (Fig 27-29) Specimens examined. INDIA, Kerala, Calicut, Peruvayal, 1 female, through Malaise trap from paddy field, 02.i.2009 (K. Rajmohana); Kerala, Wyanad, Kalpaetta, 3 females, through Malaise trap from paddy field, 09.01.2009 (K. Rajmohana). Distribution. France, Hungary, Italy, Spain (Triapitsyn, 2003), Bulgaria (Donev, 2004), India (New record). 3. Erythmelus (Erythmelus) nuinu Triapitsyn (Fig 23-26) Specimens examined. INDIA, Tamil Nadu, Cuddalore, Chidambaram, Annamalai University, 1 female, through yellow pan trap from Mangifera indica L. orchard, 08.xii.2010 (S. Manickavasagam & A. Rameshkumar); Kerala, Wyanad, Kalpaetta, 2 females, through Malaise trap from paddy field, 26.xii.2008 (K.Rajmohana); Pudhucherry, Pondicherry University campus, 1 female, through yellow pan trap from forest area, 06.iii.2011 (S. Manickavasagam & A. Rameshkumar).

395 segment twice the pedicel length; both scutum and scutellum with reticulate sculpture …………………C. longifuniculata Viggiani -

Petiole smooth, slightly shorter than hind coxa; first funicle segment as long as pedicel (Fig. 1); scutum with transverse striations and scutellum with reticulate sculpture (Fig 5&6)............. …………....................…... C. brevifuniculata Subba Rao

6(4)

-

Scape as broad as pedicel, only slightly longer; clava long and narrow (Fig. 9); both scutum and scutellum with transverse striations (Fig. 11); fore wing disc with only 5 to 7 cilia in a row at the distal end (Fig. 10) ……………….…….. C. dravida Subba Rao Scape much narrower than pedicel, two and a half times as long as pedicel (Fig. 13); scutum reticulate, scutellum differently sculptured, from reticulate to polygonal (Fig. 15); fore wing disc with one row of 10 to 12 cilia originating from the middle of the wing (Fig. 14) ………......................………….. C. kannada Subba Rao

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Ovipositor relatively long, with a large basal loop (Fig. 26) (the helopeltidis species group) ………………………………………..………. 4

4(3)

Fore wing disc more uniformly setose at apex (Fig. 29); first gastral tergum contrastingly brown basally and yellow or light brown distally (Fig. 27) ……...............…………..…… E. (E. ) lygivorus Viggiani et Jesu

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Fore wing disc less uniformly, more sparsely, setose at apex (Fig. 25); first gastral tergum entirely white or pale (Fig. 23) ………………….… E. (E. ) nuinu Triapitsyn

iii) Genus Mymar Curtis (Fig 31-39) The genus Mymar contains 11 species globally (Noyes, 2011), among them only the following three species are known from India which are keyed out as given below: Key to Indian species of Mymar Curtis [Modified from Triapitsyn and Berezovskiy (2001)] 1.

Hind wing abbreviated just beyond the hamuli (Fig. 38) [apical dark spot on fore wing covering more than half length of the expansion (Fig. 38)] …..……. M. schwanni Girault

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Hind wing either filamentous or with a narrow expansion of membrane beyond hamuli (Fig 32 & 35) ……………………………… 2

2.(1)

F3 less than 3× as long as broad and distinctly shorter than F6; clava 0.87-1.08× of F3-6 combined (Fig. 36) …………..……….. M. taprobanicum Ward

ii) Genus Erythmelus Enock (Fig 22-30) Out of the total 55 species known worldwide, (Noyes, 2011), only five species of Erythmelus are known from India including the two species reported here which are keyed out below: Key to Indian species of Erythmelus Enock [Modified from Subba Rao (1989) and Triapitsyn (2003)] 1.

-

Funicle of female antenna 5-segmented (Fig. 30); fore wing with margins almost parallel, about as wide at apex of the marginal vein as at the broadest part of the disc (Subgenus Parallelaptera Enock) …………………..….. 2 Funicle of female antenna 6-segmented; fore wing with margins not parallel, usually much wider at the broadest part of the disc than at apex of the marginal vein (Subgenus Erythmelus Enock)…………………………... 3

F3-6 each at least 3× as long as broad; clava 0.74× as long as F3-6 combined (Fig. 33) ………….…………................. M. roopum Hayat and Khan iv) Genus Palaeoneura Waterhouse (Fig 40-45) Three species of this genus are known from India [out of 49 world species (Noyes, (2011)] including P. unimaculata which was transferred from Acmopolynema unimaculatum Hayat & Anis by Triapitsyn et al. (2007). A key to these three species is given below:

2(1)

Funicle segments progressively longer than preceding one (Fig. 30)……….................. E. (P.) panis (Enock)

-

Funicle with first four segments very short and sub equal . . . . . . .……E. (P.) teleonemiae Subba Rao

1.

Ovipositor relatively short, without a large basal loop (the flavovarius species group) [midlobe of mesoscutum usually bicolored (Fig. 22)] ... E. (E. ) flavovarius (Walker)

Fore wing with one small infuscate band in apical third adjacent to anterior margin (Fig. 44) ………………………………………..……. P. unimaculata (Hayat and Anis)

-

Fore wing with two infuscated bands, one medial and one apical (Fig 41 & 43) ……... 2

3(1)

Key to Indian species of Palaeoneura Waterhouse [Modified from Huber (2003)]

396 2.(1)

Fore wing with area between dark anterior and posterior margins of apical band almost as dark throughout, with basal demarcation of the band straight (Fig. 43) ………………………………………………… P. indopeninsularis (Mani and Saraswat)

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Fore wing with area between dark anterior and posterior margins of apical band mostly clear except at wing apex, with basal demarcation of apical brown band strongly concave (Fig. 41) …………………………...….. P. bagicha (Narayanan, Subba Rao and Kaur)

III. New distributional records for A) Andhra Pradesh 1. Camptoptera kannada Subba Rao Specimen examined: INDIA, Andhra Pradesh, Hyderabad, ANGRAU, Rajendranagar, 1 female, through yellow pan trap from red gram field, 11.vi.2011 (S. Manickavasagam and A. Ramesh kumar). Distribution: India: Karnataka (Subba Rao, 1989), Andhra Pradesh (New record). 2. Stephanodes reduvioli (Perkins) Specimens examined: INDIA, Andhra Pradesh, Hyderabad, ANGRAU, Rajendranagar, 1 female, through yellow pan trap from red gram field, 11.vi.2011; Hyderabad, ANGRAU, Rajendranagar, 2 females, through net sweep from Anona field, 12.vi.2011(S. Manickavasagam and A. Ramesh kumar). Distribution: India: Delhi (Mani, 1989), Uttar Pradesh (Hayat, 1992), Bihar, Kerala, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu and Uttarakhand (Hayat and Anis, 1999c), Himachal Pradesh (Hayat et al., 2008), Andhra Pradesh (New record). B) Karnataka 3. Alaptus Westwood Specimens examined: INDIA, Karnataka, Bengaluru, Malleswaram, IWST campus, 5 females, through Malaise trap from sandalwood forest, 17.vi.2011; Bengaluru, UAS campus, 3 females, through yellow pan trap from forest area, 18.vi.2011 (S. Manickavasagam and A. Rameshkumar). Distribution: India: Tamil Nadu (Subba Rao and Hayat, 1983), Pudhucherry (Rameshkumar et al., 2011b), Karnataka (New record). 4. Anagrus Haliday Specimen examined: India, Karnataka, Bengaluru, Malleswaram, IWST campus, 11 females, through Malaise trap and yellow pan traps from sandalwood forest, 17.vi.2011; Bengaluru, UAS campus, 7 females, through yellow pan trap from forest area, 19.vi.2011 (S. Manicka vasagam and A. Rameshkumar).

Distribution: India: Andhra Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Delhi, Orissa (Subba Rao and Hayat, 1983), Kerala (Rameshkumar et al., 2011a), Tamil Nadu (Manickavasagam and Rameshkumar, 2011), Karnataka (New record). 5. Eofoersteria Mathot Specimens examined: INDIA, Karnataka, Bengaluru, Malleswaram, IWST campus, 3 females, through Malaise trap and yellow pan trap from sandalwood forest, 17.vi.2011 (S. Manickavasagam and A. Rameshkumar). Distribution: India: Tamil Nadu (Subba Rao and Hayat, 1983), Karnataka (New record). 6. Eubroncus Yoshimota, Kozlov and Trjapitzin Specimens examined: INDIA, Karnataka, Bengaluru, Malleswaram, IWST campus, 8 males, through Malaise trap from sandalwood forest, 19.vi.2011 (S. Manickavasagam and A. Ramesh kumar). Distribution: India: West Bengal (Hayat and Khan, 2009), Karnataka (New record). 7. Gonatocerus kodaianus (Mani and Saraswat) Specimen examined: INDIA, Karnataka, Bengaluru, Malleswaram, IWST campus, 1 female, through net sweep from sandalwood forest, 17.vi.2011 (S. Manickavasagam and A. Ramesh kumar). Distribution: India: Tamil Nadu (Zeya and Hayat, 1995), Kerala (Rameshkumar et al., 2011a), Karnataka (New record). 8. Gonatocerus munnarus Mani and Saraswat Specimen examined: INDIA, Karnataka, Bengaluru, UAS campus, 1 female, through net sweep from forest area, 18.vi.2011 (S. Manickavasagam and A. Rameshkumar). Distribution: India: Andhra Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Kerala, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh (Zeya and Hayat, 1995), Karnataka (New record). 9. Mymar roopum Hayat and Khan Specimen examined: INDIA, Karnataka, Bengaluru, Malleswaram, IWST campus, 1 female, through yellow pan traps from sandalwood forest, 18.vi.2011 (S. Manickavasagam and A. Ramesh kumar). Distribution: India: Uttar Pradesh (Hayat et al., 2008), Karnataka (New record) 10. Mymar schwanni Girault Specimens examined: INDIA, Karnataka, Bengaluru, Malleswaram, IWST campus, 1 female, through Malaise trap from sandalwood forest,

397 17.vi.2011; Bengaluru, UAS campus, 2 females, through yellow pan trap from forest area, 18.vi.2011 (S. Manickavasagam and A. Rameshkumar). Distribution: India: Uttar Pradesh (Verma, 1980), Orissa (Hayat et al., 2008), Tamil Nadu (Manickavasagam and Rameshkumar, 2011), Andhra Pradesh, Kerala, Pudhucherry (Ramesh kumar et al., 2011a, b and c), Karnataka (New record). 11. Mymar taprobanicum Ward Specimens examined: INDIA, Karnataka, Bengaluru, Malleswaram, IWST campus, 8 females, through Malaise trap and yellow pan traps from sandalwood forest, 18.vi.2011; Bengaluru, UAS campus, 6 females, through yellow pan trap from forest area, 19.vi.2011 (S. Manickavasagam and A. Rameshkumar). Distribution: India: Delhi, Tamil Nadu, Rajasthan (Hayat, 1977), Madhya Pradesh (Hayat, 1992), Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Orissa (Hayat et al., 2008), Kerala, Pudhucherry (Rameshkumar et al., 2011a and b), Karnataka (New record).

Distribution: India: Delhi (Narayanan et al., 1960), Karnataka, Tamil Nadu (Subba Rao, 1989), Uttar Pradesh (Hayat, 1992), Himachal Pradesh, Maharashtra, Punjab (Hayat et al., 2008), Kerala (New record). 16. Palaeoneura indopeninsularis (Mani and Saraswat) Specimen examined: INDIA, Kerala, Calicut, Calicut University premises, 1 female, through yellow pan trap from forest area, 30.xii.2010 (S. Manickavasagam and A. Rameshkumar). Distribution: India: Tamil Nadu (Mani and Saraswat, 1973), Uttar Pradesh (Huber, 2003), Kerala (New record). 17. Ptilomymar dictyon Hayat and Anis Specimens examined: INDIA, Kerala, Calicut, Calicut University premises, 1 female, through yellow pan trap from forest area, 30.xii.2010 (S. Manickavasagam and A. Rameshkumar); Wyanad, Kalpetta, 1 female, through Malaise trap from paddy field, 09.i.2009 (K. Rajmohana).

C) Kerala

Distribution: India: Tamil Nadu (Hayat and Anis, 1999a), Kerala (new record).

12. Erythmelus flavovarius (Walker)

18. Stephanodes reduvioli (Perkins)

Specimens examined: INDIA, Kerala, Wyanad, Kalpetta, 2 females, through Malaise trap from paddy field, 09.i.2009 (K. Rajmohana).

Specimen examined: INDIA, Kerala, Kasaragod, CPCRI campus, 1 female, through net sweep from weedy field, 28.xii.2010 (S. Manickavasagam and A. Rameshkumar).

Distribution: India: Karnataka (Subba Rao, 1989), Kerala (New record). 13. Erythmelus panis (Enock) Specimens examined: INDIA, Kerala, Calicut, Calicut University premises, 2 females, through yellow pan trap from forest area, 30.xii.2010 (S. Manickavasagam and A. Rameshkumar). Distribution: India: Tamil Nadu (Subba Rao, 1989), Kerala (New record).

Distribution: India: Delhi (Mani, 1989), Uttar Pradesh (Hayat, 1992), Bihar, Kerala, Karnataka, TamilNadu and Uttrakhand (Hayat and Anis, 1999c), Himachal Pradesh (Hayat et al., 2008) and Andhra Pradesh (Rameshkumar et al., 2011c), Kerala (New record). D) Tamil Nadu 19. Camptoptera kannada Subba Rao

Distribution: India: Uttar Pradesh (Hayat et al., 2008), Kerala (New record).

Specimens examined: INDIA, Tamil Nadu, Cuddalore, Chidambaram, Annamalai University premises, 2 females, through Malaise trap from Mangifera indica L. orchard, 26.vi.2011 (S. Manickavasagam and A. Rameshkumar); Vellore, Kammavanpettai, 2 females, through Malaise trap from weedy field, 02.vi.2011 (S. Palanivel).

15. Palaeoneura bagicha (Narayanan, Subba Rao and Kaur)

Distribution: India: Karnataka (Subba Rao, 1989), Tamil Nadu (New record).

Specimens examined: INDIA, Kerala, Kasaragod, CPCRI campus, 2 females, 1 male, through yellow pan trap from coconut field, 28.xii.2010; Calicut, Calicut University premises, 1 female, through net sweep from weedy field (S. Manickavasagam and A. Rameshkumar).

20. Erythmelus flavovarius (Walker)

14. Mymar roopum Hayat and Khan Specimens examined: India, Kerala, Calicut, 2 females, through Malaise trap from paddy field, 02.i.2009 (K. Rajmohana).

Specimens examined: INDIA, Tamil Nadu, Cuddalore, Chidambaram, Annamalai University premises, 5 females, through yellow pan traps from weedy field, 16.vi.2011 (S. Manickavasagam & A. Rameshkumar); Vellore, Kammavanpettai, 3

398

399

400

401

402

403

404

405

406

407 females, through Malaise trap from grassy area, 04.vi.2011 (S. Palanivel); Cuddalore, Pudaiyur, 4 females, through Malaise trap from paddy field, 03.vi.2011 (K. Mahalakshmi). Distribution: India: Delhi (Subba Rao and Hayat, 1983), Tamil Nadu (New record). 21. Gonatocerus trialbifuniculatus Subba Rao Specimen examined: INDIA, Cuddalore, Pudaiyur, 1 female, through Malaise trap from paddy field, 03.vi.2011 (K. Mahalakshmi). Distribution: India: Karnataka (Zeya and Hayat, 1995), Tamil Nadu (New record). 22. Himopolynema longiclavatum Hayat and Anis Specimens examined: INDIA, Tamil Nadu, Cuddalore, Chidambaram, Annamali University premises, 2 males, through Malaise trap from weedy field, 17.vi.2011 (S. Manickavasagam and A. Rameshkumar); Cuddalore, Pudaiyur, 1 female, through Malaise trap from paddy field, 04.vi.2011 (K. Mahalakshmi). Distribution: India: Kerala, Karnataka (Hayat and Anis, 1999a), Tamil Nadu (New record). 23. Palaeoneura unimaculata (Hayat and Anis) Specimens examined: INDIA, Tamil Nadu, Thiruvannamalai, Sengam, 2 females, through Malaise trap from weedy field, 02.v.2011 (S. Palanivel). Distribution: India: Kerala (Hayat and Anis, 1999a), Tamil Nadu (New record). 24. Stethynium empoascae Subba Rao Specimens examined: INDIA, Tamil Nadu, Thiruvannamalai, Sengam, 2 females, through Malaise trap from weedy field, 01.v.2011 (S. Palanivel). Distribution: India: Delhi (Subba Rao, 1966), Tamil Nadu (New record). 25.Stethynium triclavatum Enock Specimens examined: INDIA, Tamil Nadu, Thiruvannamalai, Sengam, 2 females, through Malaise trap from weedy field, 01.v.2011 (S.Palanivel); Cuddalore, Chidambaram, Annamalai University premises, 1 female, through Malaise trap from grassy field, 13.iv.2011 (S. Manickavasagam and A. Rameshkumar). Distribution: India: Uttar Pradesh (Hayat, 1992), Tamil Nadu (New record). E) Pudhucherry 26. Erythmelus flavovarius (Walker) Specimens examined: INDIA, Pudhucherry,

Pondicherry University premises, 2 females, through yellow pan traps from forest area, 04.iii.2011; Pudhucherry, Karaikkal, PAJANCOA premises, 1 female, through yellow pan traps from weedy field, 11.ii.2011 (S. Manickavasagam and A. Ramesh kumar). Distribution: India: Delhi (Subba Rao and Hayat, 1983), Pudhucherry (New record). 27. Erythmelus panis (Enock) Specimens examined: INDIA, Pudhucherry, Pondicherry University premises, 6 females, through yellow pan traps from forest area, 04.iii.2011; Pudhucherry, Karaikkal, PAJANCOA premises, 2 females, through yellow pan traps from weedy field, 11.ii.2011 (S. Manickavasagam and A. Ramesh kumar). Distribution: India: Tamil Nadu (Subba Rao, 1989), Pudhucherry (New record). Acknowledgements The senior author is thankful to Dr. John T. Huber of Ottawa, Canada and Dr. Serguei V. Triapitsyn of University of California, USA for their help and motivation in the identification of mymarids. We are grateful to the authorities of Pondicherry University, PAJANCOA, Karaikkal, CPCRI, Kasaragod and IWST, Bengaluru for their permission to collect specimens from their Institute premises. The help rendered by Ms. G. Revathi of IWST in the field collection of parasitoids and the financial assistance by UGC, New Delhi to conduct survey are gratefully acknowledged. References Donev, A.D. 2004. The species of Erythmelus Enock, 1909 (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae [sic]) in the Balcan Peninsula. Plovdivski Universitet “Paisii Hilendarski”, Nauchni Trudove, Biologiya-Animalia, 40: 119-127. Hayat, M. 1977. Mymar taprobanicum Ward, a new record for Rajasthan, India (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Mymaridae). Newsletter of Zoological Survey of India, 3: 283. Hayat, M. 1992. Records of some Mymaridae from India, with notes (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea). Hexapoda, 4: 83-89. Hayat, M. and Anis, S.B. 1999a. New record of two genera Ptilomymar and Himopolynema from India, with description of two new species (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae). Shashpa, 6: 15-22. Hayat, M. and Anis, S.B. 1999b. The Indian species of Acmopolynema with notes on Acanthomymar (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Mymaridae). Oriental Insects, 33: 297-313. Hayat, M. and Anis, S.B. 1999c. The Indian species of Polynema with notes on Stephanodes reduvioli (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae). Oriental Insects, 33: 315-331. Hayat, M. and Khan, F.R. 2009. First record of Eubroncus from India (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Mymaridae),

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Rameshkumar, A., Manickavasagam, S., Jebanesan, A. and Rahman, S. J. 2011c. Records of some Mymaridae and Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) from Andhra Pradesh, India. J. Res., ANGRAU, (In press).

Hayat, M., Anis, S.B. and Khan, F.R. 2008. Descriptions of two new species of Mymaridae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) from India, with some records. Oriental Insects, 42: 327-333.

Rehmat, T., Anis, S.B. and Hayat, M. 2009. Record of the genus Litus Haliday (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Mymaridae) from India, with description of two species. J. Threatened Taxa, 1 : 370-374.

Huber, J.T. 2003. Review of Chaetomymar Ogloblin with description of a new species in the Hawaiian Islands (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae). J. of Hymenoptera Res., 12: 77-101.

Schauff, M.E. 1983. A new genus of Mymaridae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea). Proc.Entomol. Soc. Washington, 85: 543-551.

Lin, N.Q., Huber, J.T. and La Salle, J. 2007. The Australian genera of Mymaridae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea). Zootaxa, 1596: 1-111. Mani, M.S. 1989. The fauna of India and the adjacent countries. Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera) Part I. Zoological Survey of India. XXVI + 1067 pp. Mani, M.S. and Saraswat, G.G. 1973. On some Chalcidoidea from India. Memoirs of School of Entomology. St. John’s College, Agra, No. 2: 78-125. Manickavasagam, S. and Rameshkumar, A. 2011. First report of three genera of fairyflies (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) from India with description of a new species of Dicopus and some other records. Zootaxa, 3094: 63-68. Narayanan, E.S., Subba Rao, B.R. and Kaur, R.B. 1960. Studies on Indian Mymaridae II. (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea). Beitrage zur Entomologie, 10: 886891. Noyes, J.S. 1982. Collecting and preserving chalcid wasps (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea). J. Nat. His., 16: 315334. Noyes, J.S. 2011 Universal Chalcidoidea Database. Worldwide Web electronic Publication. www.nhm.ac.uk/entomology/chalcidoids/index.html (accessed 30th June, 2011). Perkins, R.C.L. 1912. Parasites of insects attacking sugar cane. Hawaiian Sugar Planters’ Association, Experiment Station, Entomology Series Bulletin, 10: 1-27. Rameshkumar, A., Manickavasagam, S. and Jebanesan, A. 2011a. Diversity and new distributional records of fairyflies (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Mymaridae)

Subba Rao, B.R. 1966. Records of known and new species of mymarid parasites of Empoasca devastans from India. Indian J. Entomol., 28: 187-196. Subba Rao, B.R. 1989. On a collection of Indian Mymaridae (Chalcidoidea: Hymenoptera). Hexapoda, 1: 139-186. Subba Rao, B.R. and Hayat, M. 1983. Key to the genera of Oriental Mymaridae, with a preliminary catalog (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea). Contributions of the American Entomological Institute, 20: 125-150. Triapitsyn, S.V. 2003. Review of the Mymaridae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) of Primorskii Krai: genera Erythmelus Enock, with taxonomic notes on some extralimital species. Far Eastern Entomologist, 126: 1-44. Triapitsyn, S.V. and Berezovskiy, V.V. 2001. Review of the Mymaridae (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea) of Primorskii krai: genus Mymar Curtis. Far Eastern Entomologist, 100: 1-20. Triapitsyn, S.V., Berezovskiy, V.V., Hoddle, M.S. and Morse, J.G. 2007. A review of the Nearctic species of Erythmelus (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae), with a key and new additions to the New world fauna. Zootaxa, 1641: 1-64. Verma, M. 1980. New record of Mymar schwanni Girault from India (Hymenoptera: Chacidoidea: Mymaridae). J. Bombay Natural His. Soc, 76: 536-537. Zeya, S.B. 2011. A new name for Gonatocerus orientalis Zeya (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae). Bionotes, 13: 33. Zeya, S.B. and Hayat, M. 1995. A revision of the Indian species of Gonatocerus Nees (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Mymaridae). Oriental Insects, 29: 47160.

Received: June 25, 2011; Revised : September 10, 2011; Accepted: November 21, 2011

1 Lecture December 2011 final.pmd

First Report of Four Species of Fairyflies from India, Key to. Indian Species of Four ..... rendered by Ms. G. Revathi of IWST in the field collection of parasitoids ...

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